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Article ; Online: Impact of Donation After Circulatory Death on Outcomes of Expanded Criteria Donor Kidney Transplants.

Alsolami, Enad / Lotfy, Khaled / Alkhunaizi, Ahd / Cuerden, Meaghan / Weir, Matthew A / House, Andrew A

2024 Volume 56, Issue 1, Page(s) 50–57

Abstract: Expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidneys experience suboptimal outcomes compared with standard criteria donor kidneys. To examine the additional impact of deceased organ category, donation after circulatory death (DCD), and neurologic determination of death ...

Abstract	Expanded criteria donor (ECD) kidneys experience suboptimal outcomes compared with standard criteria donor kidneys. To examine the additional impact of deceased organ category, donation after circulatory death (DCD), and neurologic determination of death (NDD) on ECD outcomes, we examined 1- and 3-year patient and graft survival in all ECD kidney recipients in our institution between January 2008 and December 2017. Of 166 ECD recipients, 49 (29.5%) were DCD and 117 (70.5%) were NDD. Delayed graft function was higher in the DCD/ECD group 61.2 % vs 32.0 % among NDD/ECD recipients. Graft loss was significantly increased among DCD/ECD (hazard ratio for graft loss 4.81 [95% CI1.78-13.01], P = .002 at 1 year and 2.03 [95% CI 1.03-4.0], P = .042 at 3 years). Death-censored graft loss was higher among DCD/ECD (hazard ratio was 10.12 [95% CI, 2.14, 47.92], P = .004 at 1 year and 2.83 [95% CI, 1.24, 6.46], P = .014 at 3 years). There was no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality. Our study demonstrated that DCD/ECD kidneys have lower graft survival compared with NDD/ECD kidneys. Time on dialysis, waiting time, and panel reactive antibody should be taken into account when offering these organs to patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; Renal Dialysis ; Tissue Donors ; Graft Survival ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	82046-5
ISSN	1873-2623 ; 0041-1345
ISSN (online)	1873-2623
ISSN	0041-1345
DOI	10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.11.028
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Article ; Online: Divergence in Reproductive Behaviors Is Associated with the Evolutionary Loss of Parental Care.

Behrens, Colby / Maciejewski, Meghan F / Arredondo, Eric / Dalziel, Anne C / Weir, Laura K / Bell, Alison M

The American naturalist

2024 Volume 203, Issue 5, Page(s) 590–603

Abstract: AbstractThe mechanisms underlying the divergence of reproductive strategies between closely related species are still poorly understood. Additionally, it is unclear which selective factors drive the evolution of reproductive behavioral variation and how ... ...

Abstract	AbstractThe mechanisms underlying the divergence of reproductive strategies between closely related species are still poorly understood. Additionally, it is unclear which selective factors drive the evolution of reproductive behavioral variation and how these traits coevolve, particularly during early divergence. To address these questions, we quantified behavioral differences in a recently diverged pair of Nova Scotian three-spined stickleback (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Reproduction ; Territoriality ; Smegmamorpha/genetics ; Sexual Selection
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207092-3
ISSN	1537-5323 ; 0003-0147
ISSN (online)	1537-5323
ISSN	0003-0147
DOI	10.1086/729465
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Article ; Online: A case of bovine dystocia secondary to congenital mesothelioma in a calf.

Hammond, I / Weir, A / Lawrence, K E / Aberdein, D

New Zealand veterinary journal

2021 Volume 70, Issue 2, Page(s) 128–130

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/etiology ; Dystocia/etiology ; Dystocia/veterinary ; Female ; Mesothelioma/veterinary ; Pregnancy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Letter
ZDB-ID	415642-0
ISSN	1176-0710 ; 0048-0169
ISSN (online)	1176-0710
ISSN	0048-0169
DOI	10.1080/00480169.2021.1984336
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Article ; Online: An investigation of the diet, exercise, sleep, BMI, and health outcomes of autistic adults.

Weir, Elizabeth / Allison, Carrie / Ong, Ken K / Baron-Cohen, Simon

Molecular autism

2021 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 31

Abstract: ... intellectual disability. This is a cross-sectional sample that can test for relationships between factors (e.g., lifestyle ...

Abstract	Background: Studies of autistic children suggest that restricted eating, reduced physical activity, and sleep disorders are common; however, no studies attempt to broadly describe the diet, exercise, and sleep patterns of autistic adults or consider relationships between lifestyle behaviors and the widely reported increased risks of obesity and chronic conditions. To address this, the authors developed the largest study of lifestyle patterns of autistic adults and assessed their relationships to body mass index, health outcomes, and family history. Methods: We administered an anonymized, online survey to n = 2386 adults (n = 1183 autistic) aged 16-90 years of age. We employed Fisher's exact tests and binomial logistic regression to describe diet, exercise, and sleep patterns; mediation of seizure disorders on sleep; body mass index (BMI); relationships of lifestyle factors to BMI, cardiovascular conditions, and diabetic conditions; and sex differences among autistic adults. Results: Autistic adults, and particularly autistic females, exhibit unhealthy diet, exercise, and sleep patterns; they are also more likely to be underweight or obese. Limited sleep duration and high rates of sleep disturbances cannot be accounted for by epilepsy or seizure disorders. Lifestyle factors are positively related to higher risk of cardiovascular conditions among autistic males, even more than family history. Limitations: Our sample may not be representative of all autistic and non-autistic people, as it primarily comprised individuals who are white, female, have a high school education or higher, and reside in the UK. Our sampling methods may also exclude some individuals on the autism spectrum, and particularly those with moderate to severe intellectual disability. This is a cross-sectional sample that can test for relationships between factors (e.g., lifestyle factors and health outcomes) but cannot assess the direction of these relationships. Conclusions: Autistic adults are less likely to meet minimal health recommendations for diet, exercise, and sleep-and these unhealthy behaviors may relate to excess risk of cardiovascular conditions. Although the present study can only provide preliminary, correlational evidence, our findings suggest that diet, exercise, and sleep should be considered and further investigated as key targets for reducing the now widely reported and dramatically increased risks of health comorbidity and premature death among autistic individuals compared to others. Physicians should work cooperatively with patients to provide health education and develop individualized strategies for how to better manage challenges with diet, exercise, and sleep.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Autistic Disorder/complications ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Sleep ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2540930-X
ISSN	2040-2392 ; 2040-2392
ISSN (online)	2040-2392
ISSN	2040-2392
DOI	10.1186/s13229-021-00441-x
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Article: Building Local Capacity in a Low-Resource Setting to Increase Access to Health Care: An Evaluation of Blood Pressure Monitoring Training.

Weir, Sarah / May, Cassandra / Wills, Alexa / Van Zanten, Erin / Nesbit, Kathryn / Ngalande, Alexander / Kanjirawaya, Ruth

Health promotion practice

2024 , Page(s) 15248399231225444

Abstract: Cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension are common and largely uncontrolled in Malawi. In this low-resource setting, Community Health Workers (CHWs) can increase access to home-based blood pressure (BP) monitoring. The purpose of this study is ... ...

Abstract	Cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension are common and largely uncontrolled in Malawi. In this low-resource setting, Community Health Workers (CHWs) can increase access to home-based blood pressure (BP) monitoring. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a CHW training focused on BP monitoring and referral criteria, as well as the accuracy of referral decision-making and documentation. The participants were a purposive sample of all active home-based palliative care CHWs at St. Gabriel's Hospital (n = 60) located in Namitete, Malawi, serving over 250,000 people within a 50 km radius. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in December 2020 using both quantitative (descriptive, paired t-test) and qualitative (thematic) analysis. Participants showed significantly greater knowledge on the post-test (M = 8.98, SD = 1.213) compared to the pretest (M = 7.96, SD = 1.231), t (54)-5.0557.475, p < .001. All participants who attended both days of training demonstrated competency on a skills checklist in 100% of the rehabilitation and BP monitoring skills taught. Through document analysis of record books, referral decisions for patients with hypertension were 87.57% accurate and 81.07% of entries (n = 713) were complete. Participants reported the lack of both transportation and equipment as barriers to their work. They reported trainings, supplies, and support from the hospital as facilitators to their work. This study shows that BP can be monitored in remote villages, accurate referrals can be made, and stroke prevention education can be provided. These interventions increase the chances of more equitable care for this vulnerable population in a resource-limited setting.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2036801-X
ISSN	1552-6372 ; 1524-8399
ISSN (online)	1552-6372
ISSN	1524-8399
DOI	10.1177/15248399231225444
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Article: Quality Improvement Within a Mental Health Setting: Alcohol Detoxification.

Doody, E / Malone, A / Gallagher, B / Hopkins, K / Weir, D / Nolan, M / Kowalska-Beda, P / Naughton, M

Irish medical journal

2022 Volume 115, Issue 1, Page(s) 516

Abstract: Aims We describe a clinical audit on alcohol detoxification, using NICE guidelines as a comparable standard. NICE guidelines recommend completing a thorough alcohol history, documentation of a physical examination including screening for Wernicke's ... ...

Abstract	Aims We describe a clinical audit on alcohol detoxification, using NICE guidelines as a comparable standard. NICE guidelines recommend completing a thorough alcohol history, documentation of a physical examination including screening for Wernicke's encephalopathy, monitoring of vital signs and liver investigations. Breath alcohol level and standardised assessment of withdrawal should be completed in addition to documentation of chlordiazepoxide and thiamine prescriptions. The reported mental health service completed the first cycle of the audit as part of a large-scale, international audit on alcohol detoxification by the Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health, UK (POMH-UK). Two additional audit cycles were completed within the service to ensure continuous quality improvement and clinical effectiveness. Methods Retrospective chart reviews were performed for admissions within pre-defined 6-month periods. Inclusion criteria: ICD-10 F10 diagnosis; prescription of alcohol detoxification schedule. Results This mental health service demonstrated greater compliance with the NICE standards in comparison to other services in the POMH-UK audit. The second-cycle audit showed increased compliance in most areas compared to the initial results. The third-cycle audit focused on two specific areas that required improvement to optimise quality improvement - Breath Alcohol Level and Clinical Institute of Withdrawal Assessment, documentation of which improved from 79% to 85% and 39% to 91% respectively in the final audit cycle. Conclusion The results of this audit indicate that adherence to defined clinical standards within this mental health service exceeds that of the benchmark POMH-UK data. The effectiveness of electronic patient records in improving adherence to set clinical standards, specifically in relation to documentation of clinical parameters is evident. The report also confirms continued improved results with each audit cycle within the service.
MeSH term(s)	Alcoholism/diagnosis ; Alcoholism/therapy ; Clinical Audit ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Quality Improvement ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-20
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193134-9
ISSN	0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
ISSN	0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
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Article ; Online: A rare late complication of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia repair.

Weir, A / Bartlett, E / Bowling, K / Andrews, S / Guest, T

Anaesthesia reports

2019 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 26–28

Abstract: We report a case of sudden cardiovascular collapse several weeks following surgical repair of a traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. The patient presented with features of circulatory shock without a clear diagnosis, therefore an urgent computed tomography ... ...

Abstract	We report a case of sudden cardiovascular collapse several weeks following surgical repair of a traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. The patient presented with features of circulatory shock without a clear diagnosis, therefore an urgent computed tomography scan of the chest and abdomen was undertaken, which revealed a pericardial effusion with evidence of cardiac tamponade. Ultrasound-guided needle pericardiocentesis with aspiration of blood from the pericardial sac in the Emergency Department provided an immediate response and her cardiac output improved. On review of the imaging, it is likely a surgically-placed permanent metallic fixation device, sitting near the pericardium, caused bleeding into the pericardial sac due to local trauma as a delayed postoperative complication.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2637-3726
ISSN (online)	2637-3726
DOI	10.1002/anr3.12008
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Article ; Online: Clinic presentation delay and tuberculosis treatment outcomes in the Lake Victoria region of East Africa: A multi-site prospective cohort study.

Mulholland, Grace E / Herce, Michael E / Okech, Brenda A / Jeremiah, Kidola / Bahemuka, Ubaldo M / Kwena, Zachary A / Nanyonjo, Gertrude / Seeley, Janet / Pettifor, Audrey / Emch, Michael / Weir, Sharon S / Edwards, Jessie K

PLOS global public health

2023 Volume 3, Issue 8, Page(s) e0002259

Abstract: In the Lake Victoria region of East Africa, little is known about delays between tuberculosis (TB) symptom onset and presentation at a clinic. Associations between clinic presentation delay and TB treatment outcomes are also poorly understood. In 2019, ... ...

Abstract	In the Lake Victoria region of East Africa, little is known about delays between tuberculosis (TB) symptom onset and presentation at a clinic. Associations between clinic presentation delay and TB treatment outcomes are also poorly understood. In 2019, we abstracted data from routine TB treatment records for all adults (n = 776) initiating TB treatment in a 6-month period across 12 health facilities near Lake Victoria. We interviewed 301 cohort members and assessed whether they experienced a clinic presentation delay longer than 6 weeks. We investigated potential clinical and demographic correlates of clinic presentation delay and examined the association between clinic presentation delay and an unfavorable TB treatment outcome (death, loss to follow-up, or treatment failure). Clinic presentation delay was common, occurring among an estimated 54.7% (95% CI: 48.9%, 61.2%) of cohort members, though no specific correlates were identified. Clinic presentation delay was slightly associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes. The 180-day risk of an unfavorable outcome was 14.2% (95% CI: 8.0%, 20.4%) among those with clinic presentation delay, compared to 12.7% (95% CI: 5.1%, 20.3%) among those presenting earlier. Multi-level community-based interventions may be necessary to reduce clinic presentation delays in communities near Lake Victoria.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2767-3375
ISSN (online)	2767-3375
DOI	10.1371/journal.pgph.0002259
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Article ; Online: HIV Prevalence and the HIV Treatment Cascade Among Female Sex Workers in Cross-Border Areas in East Africa.

Mulholland, Grace E / Markiewicz, Milissa / Arimi, Peter / Ssengooba, Freddie / Weir, Sharon / Edwards, Jessie K

AIDS and behavior

2021 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 556–568

Abstract: In cross-border areas of East Africa, sexual networks include partnerships across resident, migrant, and mobile populations, and risky behaviors can coincide with fragmented health services given the challenges of cross-border coordination. Among those ... ...

Abstract	In cross-border areas of East Africa, sexual networks include partnerships across resident, migrant, and mobile populations, and risky behaviors can coincide with fragmented health services given the challenges of cross-border coordination. Among those most at risk are female sex workers (FSWs). We map HIV prevalence among FSWs in 14 cross-border areas, estimate associations between FSW characteristics and HIV and undiagnosed HIV, and estimate progress towards the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets. The 2016-2017 East Africa Cross-Border Integrated Health Study recruited 4040 women; 786 were classified as FSWs. Overall HIV prevalence among FSWs was 10.8% (95% CI 8.2%, 13.3%), though area-specific estimates varied considerably. Among FSWs living with HIV, 46.1% (95% CI 33.2%, 59.0%) knew their status, 80.6% (95% CI 66.3%, 94.9%) of FSWs who knew their status were on ART, and 84.8% (95% CI 66.1%, 100.0%) of FSWs on ART were virally suppressed. Results indicate a need for expanded HIV testing.
MeSH term(s)	Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Sex Workers ; Sexual Behavior
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1339885-4
ISSN	1573-3254 ; 1090-7165
ISSN (online)	1573-3254
ISSN	1090-7165
DOI	10.1007/s10461-021-03411-9
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Article ; Online: Mini-EDACS: Development of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System for young children with cerebral palsy.

Sellers, Diane / Pennington, Lindsay / Bryant, Elizabeth / Benfer, Katherine / Weir, Kelly / Aboagye, Sonia / Morris, Christopher

Developmental medicine and child neurology

2022 Volume 64, Issue 7, Page(s) 897–906

Abstract: ... after one round (i.e. >80% agreement). Thirteen SaLTs completed paired ratings from 43 video recordings ...

Abstract	Aim: To develop and test Mini-EDACS to describe developing eating and drinking abilities of children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged between 18 and 36 months. Method: The existing Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) was modified to define Mini-EDACS content. Mini-EDACS was developed in three stages: (1) EDACS was modified after application to videos of standardized feeding evaluations of children with CP aged 18 to 36 months (n = 130); (2) refined content and validity of Mini-EDACS was established through an international Delphi survey; (3) interobserver reliability was assessed by comparing Mini-EDACS levels assigned by speech and language therapists (SaLTs) from video data and parent report. Results: Mini-EDACS provides age-appropriate descriptions for children aged 18 to 36 months with CP. Eighty-nine stakeholders participated in the Delphi survey; required levels of agreement were met after one round (i.e. >80% agreement). Thirteen SaLTs completed paired ratings from 43 video recordings: absolute agreement was 58% (kappa 0.43; intraclass correlation coefficient 0.78; 95% confidence interval 0.63-0.87). Interpretation: Mini-EDACS provides a valid system for classifying eating and drinking performance of children with CP under 3 years old. Results suggest moderate agreement and good reliability when rating Mini-EDACS levels from video recordings of young children with CP.
MeSH term(s)	Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eating ; Humans ; Infant ; Reproducibility of Results ; Salts ; Video Recording
Chemical Substances	Salts
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80369-8
ISSN	1469-8749 ; 0012-1622
ISSN (online)	1469-8749
ISSN	0012-1622
DOI	10.1111/dmcn.15172
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