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  1. Article ; Online: Special Issue: Rabies Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prophylaxis, and Treatment.

    Rupprecht, Charles E / Dietzschold, Bernhard

    Tropical medicine and infectious disease

    2017  Volume 2, Issue 4

    Abstract: Rabies is an acute, progressive, incurable viral encephalitis found throughout the world. Despite being one of the oldest recognized pathogens, its impact remains substantial in public health, veterinary medicine, and conservation biology.[ ... ]. ...

    Abstract Rabies is an acute, progressive, incurable viral encephalitis found throughout the world. Despite being one of the oldest recognized pathogens, its impact remains substantial in public health, veterinary medicine, and conservation biology.[...].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2414-6366
    ISSN (online) 2414-6366
    DOI 10.3390/tropicalmed2040059
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Radiotherapy and long-term sequelae in pediatric patients with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma: Results of two Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) trials and one registry.

    Sparber-Sauer, Monika / Dietzschold, Maximilian / Schönstein, Anton / Heinz, Amadeus / Vokuhl, Christian / Pajtler, Kristian W / Harrabi, Semi / Lin, Yi-Lan / Kalle, Thekla von / Hagen, Rudolf / Ladenstein, Ruth / Kazanowska, Bernarda / Ljungman, Gustaf / Klingebiel, Thomas / Ebinger, Martin / Koscielniak, Ewa / Münter, Marc / Timmermann, Beate

    Pediatric blood & cancer

    2023  Volume 71, Issue 1, Page(s) e30742

    Abstract: Background: Parameningeal location of rhabdomyosarcoma (PM RMS) is known to be an unfavorable prognostic factor. Scarce data are available on radiotherapy (RT) concepts with regard to outcome.: Methods: Treatment and outcome of 395 children with PM ... ...

    Abstract Background: Parameningeal location of rhabdomyosarcoma (PM RMS) is known to be an unfavorable prognostic factor. Scarce data are available on radiotherapy (RT) concepts with regard to outcome.
    Methods: Treatment and outcome of 395 children with PM RMS registered within two Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe (CWS) trials and one registry (1995-2021) were evaluated.
    Results: Patients were IRS group II (n = 15) and III (n = 380) and received systemic treatment according to the enrolled protocols: I2VA (n = 172), VAIA/CEVAIE (n = 223). Delayed resection was performed in 88/395 (22%) patients, and RT was additionally given in 79/88 (90%) resected patients. RT was the predominant local treatment in 355/395 (90%) patients: hyperfractionated accelerated photon (HART; n = 77), conventionally fractionated photon (n = 91) or proton beam (n = 126), brachytherapy (n = 4), heavy ions (n = 1), not available (n = 56). In the subgroup of RT as only local treatment (n = 278), no intracranial tumor extension and complete remission at end of treatment were significant positive prognostic factors. No significant difference on tumor outcome was seen between different radiotherapy concepts. Long-term toxicity with mostly endocrinological and visual deficiencies was reported in 161/279 (58%) surviving patients with a lower trend after proton beam RT (48%) when compared to HART or conventionally fractionated photon RT (71% and 72%, respectively). Ten-year event-free and overall survival in the overall group were 62% (±5, 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 67% (±5, 95% CI); in the RT-only group 67% (±6, 95% CI) and 71% (±6, 95% CI), respectively.
    Conclusion: CWS data confirm the recent RT concept in PM RMS. Long-term sequelae as endocrinological and visual deficiencies need to be addressed.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Protons ; Rhabdomyosarcoma/radiotherapy ; Rhabdomyosarcoma/drug therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Remission Induction ; Disease Progression ; Registries ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
    Chemical Substances Protons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2131448-2
    ISSN 1545-5017 ; 1545-5009
    ISSN (online) 1545-5017
    ISSN 1545-5009
    DOI 10.1002/pbc.30742
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The role of nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of virus-induced encephalopathies.

    Dietzschold, B

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    1995  Volume 196, Page(s) 51–56

    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/genetics ; Animals ; Borna Disease/etiology ; Borna Disease/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/physiology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rabies/etiology ; Rabies/metabolism ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase (EC 1.14.13.39) ; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases (EC 1.4.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1995
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-79130-7_6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Pathogenicity and Immunogenicity of Recombinant Rabies Viruses Expressing the Lagos Bat Virus Matrix and Glycoprotein: Perspectives for a Pan-Lyssavirus Vaccine.

    Kgaladi, Joe / Faber, Milosz / Dietzschold, Bernhard / Nel, Louis H / Markotter, Wanda

    Tropical medicine and infectious disease

    2017  Volume 2, Issue 3

    Abstract: Lagos bat virus (LBV) is a phylogroup II lyssavirus exclusively found in Africa. Previous studies indicated that this virus is lethal to mice after intracranial and intramuscular inoculation. The antigenic composition of LBV differs substantially from ... ...

    Abstract Lagos bat virus (LBV) is a phylogroup II lyssavirus exclusively found in Africa. Previous studies indicated that this virus is lethal to mice after intracranial and intramuscular inoculation. The antigenic composition of LBV differs substantially from that of rabies virus (RABV) and current rabies vaccines do not provide cross protection against phylogroup II lyssaviruses. To investigate the potential role of the LBV matrix protein (M) and glycoprotein (G) in pathogenesis, reverse genetics technology was used to construct recombinant viruses. The genes encoding the glycoprotein, or the matrix and glycoprotein of the attenuated RABV strain SPBN, were replaced with those of LBV resulting in SPBN-LBVG and SPBN-LBVM-LBVG, respectively. To evaluate the immunogenicity of the LBV G, the recombinant RABV SPBNGAS-LBVG-GAS was constructed with the LBV G inserted between two mutated RABV G genes (termed GAS). All the recombinant viruses were lethal to mice after intracranial (i.c.) inoculation although the pathogenicity of SPBNGAS-LBVG-GAS was lower compared to the other recombinant viruses. Following intramuscular (i.m.) inoculation, only SPBN-LBVM-LBVG was lethal to mice, indicating that both the M and G of LBV play a role in the pathogenesis. Most interestingly, serum collected from mice that were inoculated i.m. with SPBNGAS-LBVG-GAS neutralized phylogroup I and II lyssaviruses including RABV, Duvenhage virus (DUVV), LBV, and Mokola virus (MOKV), indicating that this recombinant virus has potential to be developed as a pan-lyssavirus vaccine.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2414-6366
    ISSN (online) 2414-6366
    DOI 10.3390/tropicalmed2030037
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Antibody-mediated clearance of viruses from the mammalian central nervous system.

    Dietzschold, B

    Trends in microbiology

    1993  Volume 1, Issue 2, Page(s) 63–66

    Abstract: The novel role of antibody in clearing virus from the central nervous system without the help of other immune effectors is an important phenomenon that has only recently been documented. Possible routes for antibodies across the blood-brain barrier and ... ...

    Abstract The novel role of antibody in clearing virus from the central nervous system without the help of other immune effectors is an important phenomenon that has only recently been documented. Possible routes for antibodies across the blood-brain barrier and how they work in the CNS are discussed here.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/therapeutic use ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Central Nervous System Diseases/prevention & control ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/immunology ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Rabies/prevention & control ; Sindbis Virus/immunology ; Tachykinins ; Virus Diseases/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; RNA, Viral ; Tachykinins
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 1993-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1158963-2
    ISSN 1878-4380 ; 0966-842X
    ISSN (online) 1878-4380
    ISSN 0966-842X
    DOI 10.1016/0966-842x(93)90035-p
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The phenotype of the RABV glycoprotein determines cellular and global virus load in the brain and is decisive for the pace of the disease.

    Bertoune, M A R / Nickl, B / Krieger, T / Wohlers, L / Bonaterra, G A / Dietzschold, B / Weihe, E / Bette, M

    Virology

    2017  Volume 511, Page(s) 82–94

    Abstract: The Rabies lyssavirus glycoprotein (RABV-G) is largely responsible for the neuroinvasiveness of the virus and the induction of antiviral immune responses. To study the effects of RABV-G we compared the G of the attenuated RABV variant SPBN with that of ... ...

    Abstract The Rabies lyssavirus glycoprotein (RABV-G) is largely responsible for the neuroinvasiveness of the virus and the induction of antiviral immune responses. To study the effects of RABV-G we compared the G of the attenuated RABV variant SPBN with that of the pathogenic DOG4 strain. Infection via the olfactory route caused 100% mortality in mice with both virus variants. Of note, with the attenuated SPBN, progression of the disease was accelerated, microglia response less pronounced and IL-6 expression higher than in the presence of RABV-G from the pathogenic DOG4. However, while virus spread was less extensive, viral gene expression in individual neurons was actually higher in SPBN-infected brains without causing apoptosis of infected neurons. These differences between the two variants were not observed in infected neuronal cultures indicating that the effects of RABV-G on virus spread and viral gene expression depend on factors only present in the intact brain.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigens, Viral/genetics ; Antigens, Viral/metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Brain/virology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes, Viral ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Mice ; Neurons/virology ; Rabies/virology ; Rabies virus/isolation & purification ; Survival Analysis ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics ; Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism ; Viral Load ; Virulence
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Viral ; Glycoproteins ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; glycoprotein G, Rabies virus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 200425-2
    ISSN 1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
    ISSN (online) 1096-0341
    ISSN 0042-6822
    DOI 10.1016/j.virol.2017.08.019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Suggestive Evidence for an Oncorna-Virus-Specific DNA Polymerase from C-Type Particles of Bovine Leukosis

    Dietzschold, B / F. Weiland / O. C. Straub / O.R. Kaaden / S. Ueberschaer

    Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C. 2014 June 2, v. 29, no. 1-2

    2014  

    Abstract: Typical C-type oncorna virus particles as shown by electron microscopy have been purified from the supernatant of cultured lymphocytes from bovine leukosis. In the purified C-particle fraction a DNA-polymerase activity was detected. Using several ... ...

    Abstract Typical C-type oncorna virus particles as shown by electron microscopy have been purified from the supernatant of cultured lymphocytes from bovine leukosis. In the purified C-particle fraction a DNA-polymerase activity was detected. Using several synthetic RNA-or DNA-homopolymers and 70S Friend virus RNA the template response of this bovine leukosis cell particle DNA polymerase was compared with those of feline leukaemia virus DNA polymerase and DNA polymerase from normal bovine lymphocytes. The DNA polymerase detected in the viral preparation of bovine leukosis is suggested to be an oncorna-virus-specific enzyme.
    Keywords cattle ; DNA-directed DNA polymerase ; electron microscopy ; enzootic bovine leukosis ; Feline leukemia virus ; lymphocytes ; virion
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-0602
    Size p. 72-75.
    Publishing place Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 124636-7
    ISSN 1865-7125 ; 0341-0382 ; 0341-0471 ; 0939-5075
    ISSN (online) 1865-7125
    ISSN 0341-0382 ; 0341-0471 ; 0939-5075
    DOI 10.1515/znc-1974-1-217
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Immunogenicity and safety of recombinant rabies viruses used for oral vaccination of stray dogs and wildlife.

    Faber, M / Dietzschold, B / Li, J

    Zoonoses and public health

    2009  Volume 56, Issue 6-7, Page(s) 262–269

    Abstract: Rabies is a zoonotic disease and stray dogs, wild carnivores and bats are the natural reservoirs of rabies. Oral immunization with live vaccines is the only practical approach to eradicate rabies in free ranging terrestrial animals. We have developed the ...

    Abstract Rabies is a zoonotic disease and stray dogs, wild carnivores and bats are the natural reservoirs of rabies. Oral immunization with live vaccines is the only practical approach to eradicate rabies in free ranging terrestrial animals. We have developed the double glycoprotein (G) rabies virus (RV) variant SPBNGAS-GAS that has great promise to be used as a live-attenuated vaccine. Oral immunization of rodents and several target animal species with this double G RV variant resulted in the induction of protective immunity, superior to that induced by a single RV G variant (SPBNGAS). The high oral efficacy of SPBNGAS-GAS is likely because of its increased ability to infect monocytes or immature dendritic cells (DCs), thereby inducing their conversion into mature DCs. Furthermore, infection of DCs with the double G variant resulted in a strong up-regulation of the expression of genes related to the NFjB signalling pathway including IFN-α and IFN-β, which might underlie the protection conferred by this live RV vaccine. A potential problem associated with the use of live RVs for oral vaccination could rest in the possibility of reversion to the pathogenic phenotype because of the high mutation rate characteristic for all RNA viruses. In this respect, the presence of a second non-pathogenic G gene decreases considerably the risk of reversion to the pathogenic phenotype because a nonpathogenic G is dominant over a pathogenic G in determining the pathogenicity of the double G RV variant. Because of its excellent efficacy and safety, the SPBNGAS-GAS vaccine may provide a distinct advantage over other live RV vaccine in its ability to vaccinate a broad range of mammalian species.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; Animals, Wild ; Antigens, Viral ; Chiroptera ; Disease Reservoirs/veterinary ; Disease Reservoirs/virology ; Dogs ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Glycoproteins/immunology ; Humans ; Rabies/immunology ; Rabies/prevention & control ; Rabies/veterinary ; Rabies/virology ; Rabies Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Rabies Vaccines/genetics ; Rabies Vaccines/immunology ; Rabies virus/genetics ; Rabies virus/immunology ; Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage ; Vaccines, Attenuated/genetics ; Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage ; Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics ; Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics ; Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology ; Zoonoses
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Viral ; Glycoproteins ; Rabies Vaccines ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; glycoprotein G, Rabies virus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-05-25
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2271118-1
    ISSN 1863-2378 ; 1863-1959
    ISSN (online) 1863-2378
    ISSN 1863-1959
    DOI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01215.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Screening of organ and tissue donors for rabies.

    Dietzschold, Bernhard / Koprowski, Hilary

    Lancet (London, England)

    2005  Volume 365, Issue 9467, Page(s) 1305

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Rabies/diagnosis ; Rabies/transmission ; Tissue Donors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61021-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Limited brain metabolism changes differentiate between the progression and clearance of rabies virus.

    Schutsky, Keith / Portocarrero, Carla / Hooper, D Craig / Dietzschold, Bernhard / Faber, Milosz

    PloS one

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) e87180

    Abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) metabolic profiles were examined from rabies virus (RABV)-infected mice that were either mock-treated or received post-exposure treatment (PET) with a single dose of the live recombinant RABV vaccine TriGAS. CNS tissue ... ...

    Abstract Central nervous system (CNS) metabolic profiles were examined from rabies virus (RABV)-infected mice that were either mock-treated or received post-exposure treatment (PET) with a single dose of the live recombinant RABV vaccine TriGAS. CNS tissue harvested from mock-treated mice at middle and late stage infection revealed numerous changes in energy metabolites, neurotransmitters and stress hormones that correlated with replication levels of viral RNA. Although the large majority of these metabolic changes were completely absent in the brains of TriGAS-treated mice most likely due to the strong reduction in virus spread, TriGAS treatment resulted in the up-regulation of the expression of carnitine and several acylcarnitines, suggesting that these compounds are neuroprotective. The most striking change seen in mock-treated RABV-infected mice was a dramatic increase in brain and serum corticosterone levels, with the later becoming elevated before clinical signs or loss of body weight occurred. We speculate that the rise in corticosterone is part of a strategy of RABV to block the induction of immune responses that would otherwise interfere with its spread. In support of this concept, we show that pharmacological intervention to inhibit corticosterone biosynthesis, in the absence of vaccine treatment, significantly reduces the pathogenicity of RABV. Our results suggest that widespread metabolic changes, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation, contribute to the pathogenesis of RABV and that preventing these alterations early in infection with PET or pharmacological blockade helps protect brain homeostasis, thereby reducing disease mortality.
    MeSH term(s) 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/metabolism ; Adaptive Immunity ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/virology ; Carnitine/analogs & derivatives ; Carnitine/metabolism ; Corticosterone/blood ; Disease Progression ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/virology ; Mice ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolism ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/virology ; Pyridines/pharmacology ; Pyridines/therapeutic use ; Rabies/drug therapy ; Rabies/immunology ; Rabies/metabolism ; Rabies virus/immunology ; Viral Load ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Viral Proteins/metabolism ; Viral Vaccines/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Pyridines ; Viral Proteins ; Viral Vaccines ; acylcarnitine ; metapyrone (17286-92-9) ; Carnitine (S7UI8SM58A) ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679) ; Corticosterone (W980KJ009P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0087180
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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