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  1. Article ; Online: Adolescents' Receipt of Care in a Medical Home: Results From a National Survey.

    Adams, Sally H / Park, M Jane / Brindis, Claire D / Irwin, Charles E

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2023  Volume 73, Issue 4, Page(s) 790–794

    Abstract: Purpose: Despite long-term emphasis on the medical home for children, little research focuses on adolescents. This study examines adolescent past-year attainment of medical home, its components, and subgroup differences among demographic and mental/ ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Despite long-term emphasis on the medical home for children, little research focuses on adolescents. This study examines adolescent past-year attainment of medical home, its components, and subgroup differences among demographic and mental/physical health condition categories.
    Methods: Utilizing the 2020-21 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), ages 10-17 (N = 42,930), we determined medical home attainment and its 5 components and subgroup differences utilizing multivariable logistic regression: sex; race/ethnicity; income; caregiver education; insurance; language spoken at home; region; and health conditions: physical, mental, both, or none.
    Results: Forty-five percent had a medical home with lower rates among those who were as follows: not White non-Hispanic; lower income; uninsured; in non-English-speaking households; adolescents whose caregivers lacked a college degree; and adolescents with mental health conditions (p range = .01-<.0001). Differences for medical home components were similar.
    Discussion: Given low medical home rates, ongoing differences and high mental illness rates, efforts are needed to improve adolescent medical home access.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data ; Ethnicity ; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data ; Hispanic or Latino ; Income ; Patient-Centered Care/statistics & numerical data ; United States/epidemiology ; Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Pediatrics/statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent Medicine/standards ; Adolescent Medicine/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.05.019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: High potency cannabis use, mental health symptoms and cannabis dependence: Triangulating the evidence.

    Petrilli, Kat / Hines, Lindsey / Adams, Sally / Morgan, Celia J / Curran, H Valerie / Freeman, Tom P

    Addictive behaviors

    2023  Volume 144, Page(s) 107740

    Abstract: Background: Cannabis potency (concentration of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol) has been associated with risks of adverse mental health outcomes and addiction but no studies have triangulated evidence from self-report and objective measures of cannabis potency. ...

    Abstract Background: Cannabis potency (concentration of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol) has been associated with risks of adverse mental health outcomes and addiction but no studies have triangulated evidence from self-report and objective measures of cannabis potency. We hypothesised that users of high potency cannabis would have higher levels of (a) anxiety, (b) depression and (c) psychosis-like symptoms (d) cannabis dependence than users of lower potency cannabis.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study of 410 participants donated a sample of cannabis for analysis of THC concentration and reported their cannabis potency preference. These two exposure measures were investigated for their association with cannabis dependence, depression, anxiety, and psychosis-like symptoms in separate linear/logistic regression models.
    Results: High potency cannabis preference was associated with a slight increased risk of cannabis dependence after adjusting for confounding, with the exception of cannabis use frequency (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.04-1.28). No association was found between THC concentration in cannabis and cannabis dependence. There was weak evidence of a small association between cannabis potency and depression and anxiety. There was no association between high potency cannabis preference or THC concentration in cannabis and psychosis-like symptoms.
    Conclusions: Users of cannabis who preferred high potency types might be at increased risk of problematic cannabis use. This should be considered with caution as we were not able to triangulate these results with an objective measure of cannabis potency. More research is needed to understand the association between high potency cannabis use and depression and anxiety.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cannabis ; Marijuana Abuse/epidemiology ; Marijuana Abuse/psychology ; Mental Health ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hallucinogens ; Dronabinol/analysis
    Chemical Substances Hallucinogens ; Dronabinol (7J8897W37S)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 197618-7
    ISSN 1873-6327 ; 0306-4603
    ISSN (online) 1873-6327
    ISSN 0306-4603
    DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107740
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  3. Article ; Online: Delivering Anticipatory Guidance About Technology Use to Adolescents in Primary Care: Rates in a Representative California Sample.

    Giovanelli, Alison / Adams, Sally H / Jane Park, M / Ozer, Elizabeth M

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2021  Volume 69, Issue 6, Page(s) 1044–1047

    Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to investigate rates of anticipatory guidance about technology use in primary care, as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics Bright Futures Guidelines, in a representative sample of California adolescents.: ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to investigate rates of anticipatory guidance about technology use in primary care, as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics Bright Futures Guidelines, in a representative sample of California adolescents.
    Methods: Adolescents 12-17 years of age were interviewed as part of the California Health Interview Survey, the largest state health surveillance survey in the U.S. Participants who reported seeing a doctor for a physical examination or checkup in the prior year were asked if their doctor had talked to them about technology use.
    Results: Overall, 29.7% of the 742 participants reported that their doctor talked to them about technology use. There were no statistically significant differences in rates by age, sex, race/ethnicity, household income, or family type.
    Conclusions: While the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that providers deliver anticipatory guidance about technology use to adolescents in primary care, less than one-third of adolescents surveyed reported having conversations about this topic with their doctor. Given concerns about potential impacts of technology use on adolescent health, medical education should facilitate provider screening and counseling of adolescents about technology use in primary care settings.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adolescent Health Services ; California ; Child ; Counseling ; Humans ; Primary Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Technology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.06.007
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  4. Article ; Online: Adolescent Technology-use Rules and Sleep in a Large Representative Sample.

    Giovanelli, Alison / Ozer, Emily J / Adams, Sally H / Park, M Jane / Ozer, Elizabeth M

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2022  Volume 70, Issue 4, Page(s) 682–685

    Abstract: Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence of technology-use rules, typical sleep habits, and associations between rules and sleep using the representative 2017-2018 California Health Interview Survey adolescent sample.: Methods: Adolescents ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This study investigated the prevalence of technology-use rules, typical sleep habits, and associations between rules and sleep using the representative 2017-2018 California Health Interview Survey adolescent sample.
    Methods: Adolescents aged 12-17 years completed the California Health Interview Survey, including queries of (1) rules at home regarding times to turn off or put away electronics and (2) school-night bedtime and rise time. Rates of rules and associations between rules and sleep were investigated using descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariable analyses.
    Results: Seventy-two percent reported technology-use rules. Rates were comparable across subgroups. Rules and sleep were not significantly associated after adjusting for covariates. Reported time in bed fell below National Sleep Foundation guidelines for 38% of participants.
    Conclusions: Most adolescents reported technology-use rules at home. Associations between rules and bedtime were mixed, suggesting that further exploration of contextual and developmental factors is needed. Many reported inadequate sleep duration, supporting sleep as a key topic in adolescent health.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Sleep ; Sleep Deprivation ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Technology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.10.025
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  5. Article ; Online: Automated abdominal CT contrast phase detection using an interpretable and open-source artificial intelligence algorithm.

    Reis, Eduardo Pontes / Blankemeier, Louis / Zambrano Chaves, Juan Manuel / Jensen, Malte Engmann Kjeldskov / Yao, Sally / Truyts, Cesar Augusto Madid / Willis, Marc H / Adams, Scott / Amaro, Edson / Boutin, Robert D / Chaudhari, Akshay S

    European radiology

    2024  

    Abstract: Objectives: To develop and validate an open-source artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to accurately detect contrast phases in abdominal CT scans.: Materials and methods: Retrospective study aimed to develop an AI algorithm trained on 739 ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To develop and validate an open-source artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to accurately detect contrast phases in abdominal CT scans.
    Materials and methods: Retrospective study aimed to develop an AI algorithm trained on 739 abdominal CT exams from 2016 to 2021, from 200 unique patients, covering 1545 axial series. We performed segmentation of five key anatomic structures-aorta, portal vein, inferior vena cava, renal parenchyma, and renal pelvis-using TotalSegmentator, a deep learning-based tool for multi-organ segmentation, and a rule-based approach to extract the renal pelvis. Radiomics features were extracted from the anatomical structures for use in a gradient-boosting classifier to identify four contrast phases: non-contrast, arterial, venous, and delayed. Internal and external validation was performed using the F1 score and other classification metrics, on the external dataset "VinDr-Multiphase CT".
    Results: The training dataset consisted of 172 patients (mean age, 70 years ± 8, 22% women), and the internal test set included 28 patients (mean age, 68 years ± 8, 14% women). In internal validation, the classifier achieved an accuracy of 92.3%, with an average F1 score of 90.7%. During external validation, the algorithm maintained an accuracy of 90.1%, with an average F1 score of 82.6%. Shapley feature attribution analysis indicated that renal and vascular radiodensity values were the most important for phase classification.
    Conclusion: An open-source and interpretable AI algorithm accurately detects contrast phases in abdominal CT scans, with high accuracy and F1 scores in internal and external validation, confirming its generalization capability.
    Clinical relevance statement: Contrast phase detection in abdominal CT scans is a critical step for downstream AI applications, deploying algorithms in the clinical setting, and for quantifying imaging biomarkers, ultimately allowing for better diagnostics and increased access to diagnostic imaging.
    Key points: Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine labels are inaccurate for determining the abdominal CT scan phase. AI provides great help in accurately discriminating the contrast phase. Accurate contrast phase determination aids downstream AI applications and biomarker quantification.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-29
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1085366-2
    ISSN 1432-1084 ; 0938-7994 ; 1613-3749
    ISSN (online) 1432-1084
    ISSN 0938-7994 ; 1613-3749
    DOI 10.1007/s00330-024-10769-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Monitoring Adolescents' Receipt of Time Alone From Two National Surveys.

    Adams, Sally H / Po, Justine / Jane Park, M / Irwin, Charles E

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2020  Volume 68, Issue 1, Page(s) 79–85

    Abstract: Purpose: Despite professional endorsement and research supporting time alone with a clinician for adolescents, low rates and disparities persist. The purpose of the present analysis was to provide detailed monitoring of time alone estimates in two ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Despite professional endorsement and research supporting time alone with a clinician for adolescents, low rates and disparities persist. The purpose of the present analysis was to provide detailed monitoring of time alone estimates in two national surveys that assess time alone for adolescents aged 12-17 years: the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS).
    Methods: Time alone assessments in the NSCH and the MEPS have different definitions. The NSCH assessed time alone within the most recent preventive visit, and the MEPS assessed it within the most recent health care visit. We analyzed these within the subsample of 12- to 17-year-olds who had any past-year preventive visit: MEPS 2016-2017, n = 2,689; and NSCH 2016-2017, n = 24,085. We developed time alone estimates for full and subgroup samples and conducted multivariable logistic regressions to determine differences by age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, insurance, and region.
    Results: Overall time alone receipt was 49% (NSCH) and 29% (MEPS). Overall rates are not comparable because their definitions differ. Some subgroup differences were similar across datasets: younger adolescents (p < .01) and females (p < .05) had lower rates.
    Conclusions: Among adolescents with a past-year preventive visit, time alone rates are low. Lower rates for females versus males and younger versus older adolescents persist. Detailed monitoring results can help to shape promising strategies including clinic-based interventions, such as provider training and educating parents, in efforts to improve the provision of time alone in clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adolescent Health Services ; Child ; Female ; Health Care Surveys ; Health Expenditures ; Humans ; Income ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Preventive Health Services ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Young Adult Anxiety or Depressive Symptoms and Mental Health Service Utilization During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Adams, Sally H / Schaub, Jason P / Nagata, Jason M / Park, M Jane / Brindis, Claire D / Irwin, Charles E

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2022  Volume 70, Issue 6, Page(s) 985–988

    Abstract: Purpose: Young adult anxiety/depression (mental health) symptoms have increased from prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed young adult (aged 18-25 years) anxiety/depressive symptoms, mental health care utilization (prescription drug use, ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Young adult anxiety/depression (mental health) symptoms have increased from prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assessed young adult (aged 18-25 years) anxiety/depressive symptoms, mental health care utilization (prescription drug use, counseling, and/or either), and unmet counseling/therapy needs utilizing the national Household Pulse Survey data from June to July 2021.
    Methods: Young adult (n = 2,809) rates and subgroup differences in mental health symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 and/or Patient Health Questionnaire-2) were assessed, as were mental health care utilization and unmet counseling/therapy needs.
    Results: In total, 48% of young adults had mental health symptoms. Among those, 39% received treatment and 36% reported unmet mental health counseling/therapy needs.
    Discussion: These findings highlight young adults' ongoing mental health needs and low services receipt. Interventions and further research to reduce barriers to seeking and utilizing mental health care and to increase the capacity of providers to deliver culturally appropriate mental health care are needed.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Anxiety/therapy ; Anxiety Disorders/therapy ; COVID-19 ; Depression/therapy ; Humans ; Mental Health Services ; Pandemics ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.02.023
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  8. Article ; Online: Course and outcome in individuals with atypical anorexia nervosa: Findings from the Study of Refeeding to Optimize iNpatient Gains (StRONG).

    Golden, Neville H / Kapphahn, Cynthia J / Cheng, Jing / Kreiter, Anna / Downey, Amanda E / Accurso, Erin C / Machen, Vanessa I / Adams, Sally H / Buckelew, Sara M / Moscicki, Anna-Barbara / Le Grange, Daniel / Garber, Andrea K

    The International journal of eating disorders

    2023  Volume 57, Issue 4, Page(s) 799–808

    Abstract: Objective: We previously reported that participants with atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN) had higher historical and admission weights, greater eating disorder psychopathology, but similar rates of amenorrhea and weight suppression at baseline as ... ...

    Abstract Objective: We previously reported that participants with atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN) had higher historical and admission weights, greater eating disorder psychopathology, but similar rates of amenorrhea and weight suppression at baseline as compared to anorexia nervosa (AN); here, we compare 1-year outcomes.
    Method: Weight, % median body mass index (%mBMI), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) scores, resumption of menses, and rehospitalizations were examined at 3, 6, and 12 months post-discharge. Analyses (N = 111) compared changes in %mBMI, weight suppression, and EDE-Q scores over time between atypical AN and AN.
    Results: Among the participants (48 atypical AN, 63 AN), both groups gained weight but those with atypical AN had lower gains than those with AN in %mBMI (p = .02) and greater weight suppression (p = .002) over time. EDE-Q scores improved over time, independent of weight suppression, with no significant difference between atypical AN and AN. Groups did not differ by rates of resumption of menses (80% atypical AN, 76.9% AN) or rehospitalization (29.2% atypical AN, 37.9% AN). Greater weight suppression predicted longer time to restore menses and more days of rehospitalization.
    Discussion: Individuals with atypical AN regained a smaller proportion of body mass and were more weight suppressed over time. Change in eating disorder cognitions, resumption of menses, and rehospitalization rates at 1-year follow-up did not differ between groups. There was no significant difference in weight suppression between groups for those who were psychologically improved at 12 months. Findings highlight limitations in our understanding of weight recovery in atypical AN. New metrics for recovery are urgently needed.
    Public significance: Little is known about outcome in atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN). We examined recovery metrics in young people with atypical AN and anorexia nervosa (AN) 1 year after medical hospitalization. Individuals with atypical AN showed slower weight gain and remained further from their pre-illness weight. There were no differences in the rates of psychological recovery, resumption of menses, or rehospitalization. New metrics are needed to assess recovery in atypical AN.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Anorexia Nervosa/therapy ; Anorexia Nervosa/psychology ; Inpatients ; Aftercare ; Patient Discharge ; Body Mass Index ; Weight Gain
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603170-5
    ISSN 1098-108X ; 0276-3478
    ISSN (online) 1098-108X
    ISSN 0276-3478
    DOI 10.1002/eat.24029
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  9. Article ; Online: Hospital-based higher calorie refeeding and mealtime distress in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa.

    Accurso, Erin C / Cheng, Jing / Machen, Vanessa I / Buckelew, Sara / Kreiter, Anna / Adams, Sally / Le Grange, Daniel / Golden, Neville H / Garber, Andrea K

    The International journal of eating disorders

    2023  Volume 56, Issue 6, Page(s) 1219–1227

    Abstract: Objective: The StRONG study demonstrated that higher calorie refeeding (HCR) restored medical stability faster in patients hospitalized with anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical AN (AAN), with no increased safety events compared with standard-of-care ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The StRONG study demonstrated that higher calorie refeeding (HCR) restored medical stability faster in patients hospitalized with anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical AN (AAN), with no increased safety events compared with standard-of-care lower calorie refeeding (LCR). However, some clinicians have expressed concern about potential unintended consequences of HCR (e.g., greater mealtime distress). The purpose of this study was to examine patient treatment preference and compare mealtime distress, food refusal, and affective states between treatments.
    Method: Participants (N = 111) in this multisite randomized clinical trial were ages 12-24 years, with AN or AAN, admitted to hospital with medical instability who received assigned study treatment (HCR or LCR). Treatment preference was assessed prior to randomization in the full sample. In a subset of participants (n = 45), linear mixed effect models were used to analyze momentary ratings of mealtime distress (pre, during, and post-meals) and daily affective state during the hospitalization.
    Results: About half (55%) of participants reported a preference for LCR. Treatment assignment was not associated with food refusal, mealtime distress, or affective states in the subsample. Food refusal increased significantly over the course of refeeding (p = .018). Individuals with greater depression experienced more negative affect (p = .033), with worsening negative affect over time for individuals with higher eating disorder psychopathology (p = .023).
    Discussion: Despite understandable concerns about potential unintended consequences of HCR, we found no evidence that treatment acceptability for HCR differed from LCR for adolescents and young adults with AN and AAN.
    Public significance: The efficacy and safety of higher calorie refeeding in hospitalized patients with anorexia nervosa has been demonstrated. However, it is not known whether higher calorie refeeding (HCR) increases meal-time distress. This study demonstrated that HCR was not associated with increased mealtime distress, food refusal, or affective states, as compared with lower calorie refeeding. These data support HCR treatment acceptability for adolescents/young adults with anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Anorexia Nervosa/therapy ; Hospitalization ; Energy Intake ; Hospitals ; Meals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603170-5
    ISSN 1098-108X ; 0276-3478
    ISSN (online) 1098-108X
    ISSN 0276-3478
    DOI 10.1002/eat.23931
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  10. Article ; Online: Higher Dose Noninvasive Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Increases Feeding Volumes and White Matter Microstructural Complexity in Open-Label Study of Infants Slated for Gastrostomy Tube.

    Jenkins, Dorothea D / Moss, Hunter G / Adams, Lauren E / Hunt, Sally / Dancy, Morgan / Huffman, Sarah M / Cook, Daniel / Jensen, Jens H / Summers, Philipp / Thompson, Sean / George, Mark S / Badran, Bashar W

    The Journal of pediatrics

    2023  Volume 262, Page(s) 113563

    Abstract: Objective: To determine whether transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) paired with twice daily bottle feeding increases the volume of oral feeds and white matter neuroplasticity in term-age-equivalent infants failing oral feeds and ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To determine whether transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) paired with twice daily bottle feeding increases the volume of oral feeds and white matter neuroplasticity in term-age-equivalent infants failing oral feeds and determined to need a gastrostomy tube.
    Study design: In this prospective, open-label study, 21 infants received taVNS paired with 2 bottle feeds for 2 - 3 weeks (2x). We compared 1) increase oral feeding volumes with 2x taVNS and previously reported once daily taVNS (1x) to determine a dose response, 2) number of infants who attained full oral feeding volumes, and 3) diffusional kurtosis imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and after treatment by paired t tests.
    Results: All 2x taVNS treated infants significantly increased their feeding volumes compared with 10 days before treatment. Over 50% of 2x taVNS infants achieved full oral feeds but in a shorter time than 1x cohort (median 7 days [2x], 12.5 days [1x], P < .05). Infants attaining full oral feeds showed greater increase in radial kurtosis in the right corticospinal tract at the cerebellar peduncle and external capsule. Notably, 75% of infants of diabetic mothers failed full oral feeds, and their glutathione concentrations in the basal ganglia, a measure of central nervous system oxidative stress, were significantly associated with feeding outcome.
    Conclusions: In infants with feeding difficulty, increasing the number of daily taVNS-paired feeding sessions to twice-daily significantly accelerates response time but not the overall response rate of treatment. taVNS was associated with white matter motor tract plasticity in infants able to attain full oral feeds.
    Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04643808).
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Infant ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Vagus Nerve Stimulation/methods ; Gastrostomy ; Prospective Studies ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation/methods ; Vagus Nerve/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 3102-1
    ISSN 1097-6833 ; 0022-3476
    ISSN (online) 1097-6833
    ISSN 0022-3476
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113563
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