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Article ; Online: Medical Effects of a Transuranic "Dirty Bomb".

Durakovic, Asaf

2017 Volume 182, Issue 3, Page(s) e1591–e1595

Abstract: The modern military battlefields are characterized by the use of nonconventional weapons such as encountered in the conflicts of the Gulf War I and Gulf War II. Recent warfare in Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Balkans has introduced radioactive weapons to ... ...

Abstract	The modern military battlefields are characterized by the use of nonconventional weapons such as encountered in the conflicts of the Gulf War I and Gulf War II. Recent warfare in Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Balkans has introduced radioactive weapons to the modern war zone scenarios. This presents the military medicine with a new area of radioactive warfare with the potential large scale contamination of military and civilian targets with the variety of radioactive isotopes further enhanced by the clandestine use of radioactive materials in the terrorist radioactive warfare. Radioactive dispersal devices (RDDs), including the "dirty bomb," involve the use of organotropic radioisotopes such as iodine 131, cesium 137, strontium 90, and transuranic elements. Some of the current studies of RDDs involve large-scale medical effects, social and economic disruption of the society, logistics of casualty management, cleanup, and transportation preparedness, still insufficiently addressed by the environmental and mass casualty medicine. The consequences of a dirty bomb, particularly in the terrorist use in urban areas, are a subject of international studies of multiple agencies involved in the management of disaster medicine. The long-term somatic and genetic impact of some from among over 400 radioisotopes released in the nuclear fission include somatic and transgenerational genetic effects with the potential challenges of the genomic stability of the biosphere. The global contamination is additionally heightened by the presence of transuranic elements in the modern warzone, including depleted uranium recently found to contain plutonium 239, possibly the most dangerous substance known to man with one pound of plutonium capable of causing 8 billion cancers. The planning for the consequences of radioactive dirty bomb are being currently studied in reference to the alkaline earths, osteotropic, and stem cell hazards of internally deposited radioactive isotopes, in particular uranium and transuranic elements. The spread of radioactive materials in the area of the impact would expose both military and civilian personnel to the blast and dust with both inhalational, somatic, and gastrointestinal exposure, in the aftermath of the deployment of RDDs. The quantities of radioactive materials have proliferated from the original quantity of plutonium first isolated in 1941 from 0.5 mg to the current tens of thousands of kilograms in the strategic nuclear arsenal with the obvious potential consequences to the biosphere and mankind. In an event of RDD employment, the immediate goal of disaster and mass casualty medicine would be a synchronized effort to contain the scope of the event, followed by cleanup and treatment procedures. A pragmatic approach to this problem is not always possible because of unpredictability of the terrorist-use scenarios.
MeSH term(s)	Civil Defense/trends ; Disaster Medicine/trends ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Humans ; Nuclear Weapons ; Plutonium/adverse effects ; Terrorism ; Uranium/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Uranium (4OC371KSTK) ; Plutonium (53023GN24M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391061-1
ISSN	1930-613X ; 0026-4075
ISSN (online)	1930-613X
ISSN	0026-4075
DOI	10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00256
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Un I Zs.546: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Medical effects of internal contamination with actinides: further controversy on depleted uranium and radioactive warfare.

Durakovic, Asaf

Environmental health and preventive medicine

2016 Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 111–117

Abstract: The Nuclear Age began in 1945 with testing in New Mexico, USA, and the subsequent bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Regardless of attempts to limit the development of nuclear weapons, the current world arsenal has reached the staggering dimensions and ... ...

Abstract	The Nuclear Age began in 1945 with testing in New Mexico, USA, and the subsequent bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Regardless of attempts to limit the development of nuclear weapons, the current world arsenal has reached the staggering dimensions and presents a significant concern for the biosphere and mankind. In an explosion of a nuclear weapon, over 400 radioactive isotopes are released into the biosphere, 40 of which pose potential dangers including iodine, cesium, alkaline earths, and actinides. The immediate health effects of nuclear explosions include thermal, mechanical, and acute radiation syndrome. Long-term effects include radioactive fallout, internal contamination, and long-term genotoxicity. The current controversial concern over depleted uranium's somatic and genetic toxicity is still a subject of worldwide sustained research. The host of data generated in the past decades has demonstrated conflicting findings, with the most recent evidence showing that its genotoxicity is greater than previously considered. Of particular concern are the osteotropic properties of uranium isotopes due to their final retention in the crystals of exchangeable and nonexchangeable bone as well as their proximity to pluripotent stem cells. Depleted uranium remains an unresolved issue in both warfare and the search for alternative energy sources.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Nuclear Power Plants ; Radioactive Waste/analysis ; Uranium/poisoning ; Warfare
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Waste ; Uranium (4OC371KSTK)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2018758-0
ISSN	1347-4715 ; 1342-078X
ISSN (online)	1347-4715
ISSN	1342-078X
DOI	10.1007/s12199-016-0524-4
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Zs.A 5232: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Does time of the day matter? Temporal associations between physical activity and quality and quantity of subsequent sleep in adolescents.

Jurić, Petra / Karuc, Josip / Martinko, Antonio / Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta / Sorić, Maroje

Sleep medicine

2022 Volume 92, Page(s) 41–49

Abstract: Temporal associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at four different multi-hour intervals during the day and the following indicators of sleep quality and sleep quantity in adolescents were examined. This research is a part of ... ...

Abstract	Temporal associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at four different multi-hour intervals during the day and the following indicators of sleep quality and sleep quantity in adolescents were examined. This research is a part of the CRO-PALS study, including 129 adolescents (48 boys, 81 girls; mean age ± SD = 15.6 ± 0.4 years) having complete data on sleep and MVPA measured by the SenseWear Pro3 Armband monitor. As data had a hierarchical structure, repeated measures multilevel modelling was used to assess the associations between PA and sleep. During school nights, in girls, morning MVPA was not related to following indicators of sleep quality and sleep quantity. At the same time, evening MVPA was linked with longer sleep onset latency (β = 0.064; 95%CI = 0.025 to 0.103) and higher wake after sleep onset (β = 0.156; 95%CI = 0.0482 to 0.2638). Moreover, during weekend nights, morning MVPA was not associated with sleep, while evening MVPA was accompanied by longer sleep onset latency (β = 0.058; 95%CI = 0.023 to 0.093), higher wake after sleep onset (β = 0.104; 95%CI = 0.012 to 0.20), and negatively with sleep efficiency (β = -0.019; 95%CI = -0.037 to -0.001). In boys the specific multi-hour interval of performing physical activity was not associated with any of indicators of sleep quality. In conclusion, while no strong relations between MVPA and sleep were seen among boys, in girls morning hours MVPA resulted in better sleep patterns over school nights, while afternoon MVPA was followed with slight worsening of some indicators of sleep quality across the whole week.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Exercise ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polysomnography ; Schools ; Sleep
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-07
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2012041-2
ISSN	1878-5506 ; 1389-9457
ISSN (online)	1878-5506
ISSN	1389-9457
DOI	10.1016/j.sleep.2022.02.020
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Zs.A 5315: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Assessment of Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality in Adolescent Dietary Supplement Users vs. Non-Users: The CRO-PALS Longitudinal Study.

Mudnić, Željana / Gaši, Amanda / Rešetar, Josip / Gajdoš Kljusurić, Jasenka / Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta / Sorić, Maroje / Panjkota Krbavčić, Ines / Šatalić, Zvonimir

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 12

Abstract: Dietary supplement users tend to have a better diet quality and overall prudent lifestyle. The main goals of this research were to report the prevalence and type of dietary supplements among Croatian adolescents and to examine the differences in the diet ...

Abstract	Dietary supplement users tend to have a better diet quality and overall prudent lifestyle. The main goals of this research were to report the prevalence and type of dietary supplements among Croatian adolescents and to examine the differences in the diet quality among dietary supplement users vs. non-users at the beginning (15/16 y) and at the end of high school education (18/19 y). This research is based on results of the longitudinal CRO-PALS study in which 607 adolescents participated, who had complete dietary, anthropometric, and physical activity data at the beginning (15/16 y) and at the end of their high school education (18/19 y). The dietary assessment method used was a single multi-pass 24 h recall. Dietary supplement users were divided into two groups for the purposes of statistical analysis-users of vitamin and multivitamin preparations (VMV) and users of mineral and multivitamin preparations (MMV). As they aged, there was an increase in the consumption of dietary supplements, and the most frequently used preparation in both age groups was vitamin C (23.7% of users). Dietary supplement users had a higher intake of non-carbonated sweetened drinks and a lower intake of fruits and vegetables in both genders and both age groups. Fast food intake was higher among dietary supplement girl users and boys who were not dietary supplements users in both age groups. Dietary supplement users had a higher achieved average intake of most micronutrients (values obtained only from food) in both genders and both age groups (with exceptions for certain vitamins and minerals). By observing other parameters for assessing the diet quality in this research, we can conclude that girls who do not use dietary supplements have a better diet quality in both age groups.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Aged ; Longitudinal Studies ; Nutritional Requirements ; Dietary Supplements ; Diet ; Vitamins ; Minerals ; Eating
Chemical Substances	Vitamins ; Minerals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15122783
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Article: Could Mental and Physical Exercise Alleviate Alzheimer's Disease?

Radić, Borislav / Blažeković, Antonela / Duraković, Din / Jurišić-Kvesić, Anka / Bilić, Ervina / Borovečki, Fran

Psychiatria Danubina

2021 Volume 33, Issue Suppl 4, Page(s) 1267–1273

Abstract: The aim of this review is to emphasize the importance of mental activity and aerobic physical exercise as one of the most important health-related activities which may delay the onset or slow down the progression of Alzheimer's dementia. Studies have ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this review is to emphasize the importance of mental activity and aerobic physical exercise as one of the most important health-related activities which may delay the onset or slow down the progression of Alzheimer's dementia. Studies have shown that the elderly who regularly engage in mental and physical activities have a lower risk of dementia development. Performing mental and physical activities regularly has a synergistic effect on the improvement of cognitive functions. Complex mental activity during life is associated with a reduction in the hippocampal atrophy rate, which is a sensitive early-stage biomarker of dementia while regular physical exercise can slow down the progressive reduction of the cortical brain volume which occurs during aging. Mental activity increases a person's "cognitive reserve" and promotes the formation of new communications between brain cells. Since it is not possible to influence genetic components of Alzheimer's dementia, preventative interventions such as encouraging regular engagement in mental and physical activities are extremely important. Activities need to be safe, moderate, comfortable, and adapted as to type, duration, and especially the health and functional status of the patient. In the near future, it is expected that genome analysis in personalized medicine will guide us in the right direction on certain types of physical and mental exercise.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging ; Alzheimer Disease/therapy ; Atrophy ; Cognition ; Exercise ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-14
Publishing country	Croatia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1067580-2
ISSN	0353-5053
ISSN	0353-5053
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Zs.A 3158: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Changes in platelet serotonin concentration after four weeks of alcohol abstinence depending on the genotype of the serotonin transporter.

Vlahović, Darko / Matošić, Ana / Peitl, Vjekoslav / Vojnović, Daniela / Duraković, Din / Karlović, Dalibor

Journal of addictive diseases

2021 Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 56–61

Abstract: Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrolled drinking that causes distress and has damaging consequences for men and women of all ages. It is one of the four most disabling diseases and it ... ...

Abstract	Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by excessive and uncontrolled drinking that causes distress and has damaging consequences for men and women of all ages. It is one of the four most disabling diseases and it affects approximately 14.6 million persons in Europe. Objectives: Objective of this study is to investigate changes in platelet serotonin concentration after four weeks of alcohol abstinence in regards to the genotype of the serotonin transporter. Methods: A total of 154 patients with AUD were included in the study. Platelet serotonin concentrations were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genotype of serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism was determined by the polymerase chain reaction-based method. Results: We did not establish a statistically significant main effect of serotonin transporter polymorphism on platelet serotonin concentration after four weeks of abstinence. Conclusion: Aforementioned finding is in line with previous research suggesting a complex relationship between serotonin transporter gene and platelet serotonin levels, and congruent with the well-established genotype interaction with numerous other factors, such as sex, ethnicity, education level, and stressful life events.
MeSH term(s)	Alcohol Abstinence ; Alcoholism/genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Serotonin/genetics ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
Chemical Substances	SLC6A4 protein, human ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1077616-3
ISSN	1545-0848 ; 1055-0887
ISSN (online)	1545-0848
ISSN	1055-0887
DOI	10.1080/10550887.2021.1926882
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Zs.A 1696: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Factors Affecting Performance in Adults With Cochlear Implants: A Role for Cognition and Residual Cochlear Function.

Walia, Amit / Shew, Matthew A / Lefler, Shannon M / Ortmann, Amanda J / Durakovic, Nedim / Wick, Cameron C / Herzog, Jacques A / Buchman, Craig A

Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

2023 Volume 44, Issue 10, Page(s) 988–996

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the impact of preoperative and perioperative factors on postlinguistic adult cochlear implant (CI) performance and design a multivariate prediction model.: Study design: Prospective cohort study.: Setting: Tertiary referral ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate the impact of preoperative and perioperative factors on postlinguistic adult cochlear implant (CI) performance and design a multivariate prediction model. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patients and interventions: Two hundred thirty-nine postlinguistic adult CI recipients. Main outcome measures: Speech-perception testing (consonant-nucleus-consonant [CNC], AzBio in noise +10-dB signal-to-noise ratio) at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively; electrocochleography-total response (ECochG-TR) at the round window before electrode insertion. Results: ECochG-TR strongly correlated with CNC word score at 6 months ( r = 0.71, p < 0.0001). A multivariable linear regression model including age, duration of hearing loss, angular insertion depth, and ECochG-TR did not perform significantly better than ECochG-TR alone in explaining the variability in CNC. AzBio in noise at 6 months had moderate linear correlations with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; r = 0.38, p < 0.0001) and ECochG-TR ( r = 0.42, p < 0.0001). ECochG-TR and MoCA and their interaction explained 45.1% of the variability in AzBio in noise scores. Conclusions: This study uses the most comprehensive data set to date to validate ECochG-TR as a measure of cochlear health as it relates to suitability for CI stimulation, and it further underlies the importance of the cochlear neural substrate as the main driver in speech perception performance. Performance in noise is more complex and requires both good residual cochlear function (ECochG-TR) and cognition (MoCA). Other demographic, audiologic, and surgical variables are poorly correlated with CI performance suggesting that these are poor surrogates for the integrity of the auditory substrate.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Cochlear Implants ; Prospective Studies ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlea/surgery ; Speech Perception/physiology ; Cognition
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2036790-9
ISSN	1537-4505 ; 1531-7129
ISSN (online)	1537-4505
ISSN	1531-7129
DOI	10.1097/MAO.0000000000004015
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Zs.A 1554: Show issues

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Article ; Online: One-Year Hearing Preservation and Speech Outcomes Comparing Slim Modiolar and Lateral Wall Arrays.

Zhan, Kevin Y / Walia, Amit / Durakovic, Nedim / Wick, Cameron C / Buchman, Craig A / Shew, Matthew A / Herzog, Jacques A

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

2023 Volume 169, Issue 2, Page(s) 340–347

Abstract: Objective: Compare postoperative speech outcomes in hearing preservation (HP) cochlear implantation (CI) patients with a low-frequency pure-tone average (LFPTA) ≤ 60 dB using 2 electrode array designs.: Study design: Retrospective cohort study.: ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Compare postoperative speech outcomes in hearing preservation (HP) cochlear implantation (CI) patients with a low-frequency pure-tone average (LFPTA) ≤ 60 dB using 2 electrode array designs. Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Large academic cochlear implant referral center. Methods: We reviewed adult HP CI cases using either the slim modiolar electrode (SME) (CI 532/CI 632) or th slim lateral wall electrode (SLWE) (CI 624). One-year speech outcomes and HP status were the primary outcomes. Results: A total of 132 implanted ears were analyzed (mean age 73.1 years, standard deviation [SD] 12.6), with 72% (N = 95) with CI 532/632 and 28% (N = 37) with CI 624. The mean preoperative LFPTA was 44.8 dB, SD 11.8. One-year functional HP was 27.2% (mean LFPTA shift 46.1 dB, SD 22.1) and was as follows: SME 23.9% and SLWE 36.4%, p = .168. The mean age at implantation was significantly younger only in SLWE patients with preserved hearing (66.9 vs 80.3 years, p = .008). At 6 months, speech measures were significantly better in all outcomes in HP patients with an SLWE than nonpreserved SLWE patients; this effect abated at 1 year as performance among nonpreserved SLWE patients became equivalent to the remaining cohort. Speech outcomes in SME patients were similar regardless of HP status. Age at implantation and datalogging was correlated with speech outcomes. Conclusion: In this cohort of HP patients, a 1-year functional HP rate of 23.9% (SME) and 36.4% (SLWE) was observed (p = 0.168). This was initially 57.1% (SME) and 70.3% (SLWE) at activation, p = .172. Datalogging and age at implantation were correlated with postoperative speech outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Cochlea/surgery ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Hearing/physiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Speech ; Speech Perception/physiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392085-9
ISSN	1097-6817 ; 0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
ISSN (online)	1097-6817
ISSN	0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
DOI	10.1002/ohn.273
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Article ; Online: THE USE OF ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY AND OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA.

Duraković, Din / Silić, Ante / Peitl, Vjekoslav / Tadić, Rašeljka / Lončarić, Kristina / Glavina, Trpimir / Šago, Daniela / Turk, Ljiljana Pačić / Karlović, Dalibor

Acta clinica Croatica

2021 Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 729–739

Abstract: The use of electroretinography (ERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) has currently expanded beyond ophthalmology alone. The aim of this review is to present the results and knowledge acquired by these two methods in patients suffering from ... ...

Abstract	The use of electroretinography (ERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) has currently expanded beyond ophthalmology alone. The aim of this review is to present the results and knowledge acquired by these two methods in patients suffering from schizophrenia. Reviewing the studies applying ERG and OCT methods in the field of psychiatry, one can conclude that results of the research imply morphological and functional changes of retina in patients with schizophrenia that are not consistent. However, in most studies there was reduction of the amplitude and changes in the implicit time related parameters on ERG and thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer on OCT. Neurons in the eye use the same neurotransmitters as neurons in the basal brain structures that are most affected in schizophrenia, according to the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia. Unlike neurons in the basal brain structures, the neurons in the eye are
MeSH term(s)	Electroretinography ; Humans ; Retina/diagnostic imaging ; Schizophrenia/diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, Optical Coherence
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-20
Publishing country	Croatia
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1478635-7
ISSN	1333-9451 ; 0353-9466
ISSN (online)	1333-9451
ISSN	0353-9466
DOI	10.20471/acc.2020.59.04.20
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Zs.A 5057: Show issues

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Article: Undiagnosed illnesses and radioactive warfare.

Duraković, Asaf

Croatian medical journal

2003 Volume 44, Issue 5, Page(s) 520–532

Abstract: The internal contamination with depleted uranium (DU) isotopes was detected in British, Canadian, and United States Gulf War veterans as late as nine years after inhalational exposure to radioactive dust in the Persian Gulf War I. DU isotopes were also ... ...

Abstract	The internal contamination with depleted uranium (DU) isotopes was detected in British, Canadian, and United States Gulf War veterans as late as nine years after inhalational exposure to radioactive dust in the Persian Gulf War I. DU isotopes were also identified in a Canadian veteran's autopsy samples of lung, liver, kidney, and bone. In soil samples from Kosovo, hundreds of particles, mostly less than 5 microm in size, were found in milligram quantities. Gulf War I in 1991 resulted in 350 metric tons of DU deposited in the environment and 3-6 million grams of DU aerosol released into the atmosphere. Its legacy, Gulf War disease, is a complex, progressive, incapacitating multiorgan system disorder. The symptoms include incapacitating fatigue, musculoskeletel and joint pains, headaches, neuropsychiatric disorders, affect changes, confusion, visual problems, changes of gait, loss of memory, lymphadenopathies, respiratory impairment, impotence, and urinary tract morphological and functional alterations. Current understanding of its etiology seems far from being adequate. After the Afghanistan Operation Anaconda (2002), our team studied the population of Jalalabad, Spin Gar, Tora Bora, and Kabul areas, and identified civilians with the symptoms similar to those of Gulf War syndrome. Twenty-four-hour urine samples from 8 symptomatic subjects were collected by the following criteria: 1) the onset of symptoms relative to the bombing raids; 2) physical presence in the area of the bombing; and 3) clinical manifestations. Control subjects were selected among the sympotom-free residents in non-targeted areas. All samples were analyzed for the concentration and ratio of four uranium isotopes, (234)U, (235)U, (236)U and (238)U, by using a multicollector, inductively coupled plasma ionization mass spectrometry. The first results from the Jalalabad province revealed urinary excretion of total uranium in all subjects significantly exceeding the values in the nonexposed population. The analysis of the isotopic ratios identified non-depleted uranium. Studies of specimens collected in 2002 revealed uranium concentrations up to 200 times higher in the districts of Tora Bora, Yaka Toot, Lal Mal, Makam Khan Farm, Arda Farm, Bibi Mahro, Poli Cherki, and the Kabul airport than in the control population. Uranium levels in the soil samples from the bombsites show values two to three times higher than worldwide concentration levels of 2 to 3 mg/kg and significantly higher concentrations in water than the World Health Organization maximum permissible levels. This growing body of evidence undoubtedly puts the problem of prevention and solution of the DU contamination high on the priority list.
MeSH term(s)	Afghanistan ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Nuclear Medicine ; Nuclear Warfare ; Persian Gulf Syndrome/chemically induced ; Persian Gulf Syndrome/physiopathology ; Radiation Injuries/chemically induced ; Radiation Injuries/physiopathology ; Radiation Monitoring ; Radioactive Pollutants/chemistry ; Radioactive Pollutants/toxicity ; Uranium/chemistry ; Uranium/toxicity ; Uranium/urine
Chemical Substances	Radioactive Pollutants ; Uranium (4OC371KSTK)
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-10
Publishing country	Croatia
Document type	Editorial ; Review
ZDB-ID	1157623-6
ISSN	1332-8166 ; 0353-9504
ISSN (online)	1332-8166
ISSN	0353-9504
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Zs.A 187: Show issues

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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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