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Article: Interactions between the Gut Microbiome and Mucosal Immunoglobulins A, M, and G in the Developing Infant Gut.

Janzon, Anders / Goodrich, Julia K / Koren, Omry / Waters, Jillian L / Ley, Ruth E

mSystems

2019 Volume 4, Issue 6

Abstract: Interactions between the gut microbiome and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the gut during infancy are important for future health. IgM and IgG are also present in the gut; however, their interactions with the microbiome in the developing infant remain to be ... ...

Abstract	Interactions between the gut microbiome and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the gut during infancy are important for future health. IgM and IgG are also present in the gut; however, their interactions with the microbiome in the developing infant remain to be characterized. Using stool samples sampled 15 times in infancy from 32 healthy subjects at 4 locations in 3 countries, we characterized patterns of microbiome development in relation to fecal levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM. For 8 infants from a single location, we used fluorescence-activated cell sorting of microbial cells from stool by Ig-coating status over 18 months. We used 16S rRNA gene profiling on full and sorted microbiomes to assess patterns of antibody coating in relation to age and other factors. All antibodies decreased in concentration with age but were augmented by breastmilk feeding regardless of infant age. Levels of IgA correlated with relative abundances of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to the
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2379-5077
ISSN	2379-5077
DOI	10.1128/mSystems.00612-19
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Article ; Online: Interactions between the Gut Microbiome and Mucosal Immunoglobulins A, M, and G in the Developing Infant Gut

Anders Janzon / Julia K. Goodrich / Omry Koren / the TEDDY Study Group / Jillian L. Waters / Ruth E. Ley

mSystems, Vol 4, Iss 6, p e00612-

2019 Volume 19

Abstract: ... Enterobacteriaceae were high in IgA/M. IgA/M displayed similar dynamics, generally coating the microbiome ...

Abstract	Antibodies are secreted into the gut and attach to roughly half of the trillions of bacterial cells present. When babies are born, the breastmilk supplies these antibodies until the baby’s own immune system takes over this task after a few weeks. The vast majority of these antibodies are IgA, but two other types, IgG and IgM, are also present in the gut. Here, we ask if these three different antibody types target different types of bacteria in the infant gut as the infant develops from birth to 18 months old and how patterns of antibody coating of bacteria change with age. In this study of healthy infant samples over time, we found that IgA and IgM coat the same bacteria, which are generally representative of the diversity present, with a few exceptions that were more or less antibody coated than expected. IgG coated a separate suite of bacteria. These results provide a better understanding of how these antibodies interact with the developing infant gut microbiome.Interactions between the gut microbiome and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the gut during infancy are important for future health. IgM and IgG are also present in the gut; however, their interactions with the microbiome in the developing infant remain to be characterized. Using stool samples sampled 15 times in infancy from 32 healthy subjects at 4 locations in 3 countries, we characterized patterns of microbiome development in relation to fecal levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM. For 8 infants from a single location, we used fluorescence-activated cell sorting of microbial cells from stool by Ig-coating status over 18 months. We used 16S rRNA gene profiling on full and sorted microbiomes to assess patterns of antibody coating in relation to age and other factors. All antibodies decreased in concentration with age but were augmented by breastmilk feeding regardless of infant age. Levels of IgA correlated with relative abundances of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to the Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae, which dominated the early microbiome, and IgG levels correlated with Haemophilus. The diversity of Ig-coated microbiota was influenced by breastfeeding and age. IgA and IgM coated the same microbiota, which reflected the overall diversity of the microbiome, while IgG targeted a different subset. Blautia generally evaded antibody coating, while members of the Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were high in IgA/M. IgA/M displayed similar dynamics, generally coating the microbiome proportionally, and were influenced by breastfeeding status. IgG only coated a small fraction of the commensal microbiota and differed from the proportion targeted by IgA and IgM.
Keywords	gut microbiome ; infant ; diabetes ; immunoglobulins ; iga ; igm ; igg ; antibody coating ; infant gut development ; facs ; host response ; immunology ; microbial ecology ; Microbiology ; QR1-502
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Immunoglobulin G antibodies to the N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor are distinct from immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M responses.

Lancaster, Eric / Leypoldt, Frank / Titulaer, Maarten J / Honnorat, Jérôme / Waters, Patrick J / Reindl, Markus / Höftberger, Romana

Annals of neurology

2014 Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 183

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autoantibodies/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders/blood ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Nervous System Diseases/blood ; Nervous System Diseases/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Autoantibodies
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-12-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80362-5
ISSN	1531-8249 ; 0364-5134
ISSN (online)	1531-8249
ISSN	0364-5134
DOI	10.1002/ana.24233
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Zs.A 1370: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 478: Show issues

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Article: Increased Prevalence of Hypertension in Young Adults with High Heteroplasmy Levels of the MELAS m.3243A>G Mutation.

Hannah-Shmouni, Fady / Sirrs, Sandra / Mezei, Michelle M / Waters, Paula J / Mattman, Andre

JIMD reports

2013 Volume 12, Page(s) 17–23

Abstract: ... cohort (55.6 vs. 2.8 %, p < 0.001, CI 21-86 %), in which hypertensive patients with the MELAS m.3243A>G ... m.3243A>G mutation demonstrate an increased prevalence of hypertension. Further prospective data are ...

Abstract	Background: The pathophysiology of hypertension in patients with mitochondrial diseases is different from that of the general population. Growing evidence exists linking mtDNA, its mutations, and mitochondrial dysfunction to the pathogenesis of hypertension. No reports on the prevalence of hypertension in late-onset mtDNA diseases have been described. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of adult patients with late-onset mtDNA diseases between January 1999 and January 2012 at our center. We grouped them into age categories to allow comparison with previously reported Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) prevalence data. Results: Twenty-three subjects with hypertension were identified for a crude prevalence of 39.7 % (95 % CI 27-53 %) as compared to the CHMS age-predicted prevalence of 30.5 %. When analyzed by individual age group, there were no significant differences between the observed and the CHMS predicted prevalence rates in the 40 years and older cohorts (age category 40-59, p = 0.63; age category 60-79, p = 0.85). However, hypertension rates were significantly higher than predicted in the under 40 years cohort (55.6 vs. 2.8 %, p < 0.001, CI 21-86 %), in which hypertensive patients with the MELAS m.3243A>G mutation were significantly clustered (p < 0.01). This younger MELAS cohort (n = 4, mean age = 24 years) with hypertension had heteroplasmy levels (mean = 68 %) that were significantly higher than the levels found in the older non-hypertensive MELAS cohort (n = 8, mean age = 52 years, mean = 33 %) (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Relative to age, gender, and mtDNA disease subtype, young adults with high heteroplasmy levels of the MELAS m.3243A>G mutation demonstrate an increased prevalence of hypertension. Further prospective data are needed to confirm this initial finding, which has potentially important treatment implications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-07-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2672872-2
ISSN	2192-8312 ; 2192-8304
ISSN (online)	2192-8312
ISSN	2192-8304
DOI	10.1007/8904_2013_239
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Article: The critical mutagenic translesion DNA polymerase Rev1 is highly expressed during G(2)/M phase rather than S phase.

Waters, Lauren S / Walker, Graham C

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2006 Volume 103, Issue 24, Page(s) 8971–8976

Abstract: ... in which the levels of Rev1 protein are approximately 50-fold higher in G(2) and throughout mitosis than during G(1 ...

Abstract	The Rev1 protein lies at the root of mutagenesis in eukaryotes. Together with DNA polymerase zeta (Rev3/7), Rev1 function is required for the active introduction of the majority of mutations into the genomes of eukaryotes from yeast to humans. Rev1 and polymerase zeta are error-prone translesion DNA polymerases, but Rev1's DNA polymerase catalytic activity is not essential for mutagenesis. Rather, Rev1 is thought to contribute to mutagenesis principally by engaging in crucial protein-protein interactions that regulate the access of translesion DNA polymerases to the primer terminus. This inference is based on the requirement of the N-terminal BRCT (BRCA1 C-terminal) domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rev1 for mutagenesis and the interaction of the C-terminal region of mammalian Rev1 with several other translesion DNA polymerases. Here, we report that S. cerevisiae Rev1 is subject to pronounced cell cycle control in which the levels of Rev1 protein are approximately 50-fold higher in G(2) and throughout mitosis than during G(1) and much of S phase. Differential survival of a rev1Delta strain after UV irradiation at various points in the cell cycle indicates that this unanticipated regulation is physiologically relevant. This unexpected finding has important implications for the regulation of mutagenesis and challenges current models of error-prone lesion bypass as a process involving polymerase switching that operates mainly during S phase to rescue stalled replication forks.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Division ; DNA Damage ; G2 Phase ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ; Mutation ; Nucleotidyltransferases/genetics ; Nucleotidyltransferases/metabolism ; S Phase ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/cytology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Nucleotidyltransferases (EC 2.7.7.-) ; REV1 protein, S cerevisiae (EC 2.7.7.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-06-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.0510167103
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Zs.A 1148: Show issues

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Article ; Online: What does preferential viewing tell us about the neurobiology of recognition memory?

Basile, Benjamin M / Waters, Spencer J / Murray, Elisabeth A

Trends in neurosciences

2024

Abstract: ... memory produce conflicting results. Preferential viewing tests (e.g., visual paired comparison) produce ... robust impairments following hippocampal lesions, whereas matching tests (e.g., delayed nonmatching ...

Abstract	The two tests most widely used in nonhuman primates to assess the neurobiology of recognition memory produce conflicting results. Preferential viewing tests (e.g., visual paired comparison) produce robust impairments following hippocampal lesions, whereas matching tests (e.g., delayed nonmatching-to-sample) often show complete sparing. Here, we review the data, the proposed explanations for this discrepancy, and then critically evaluate those explanations. The most likely explanation is that preferential viewing tests are not a process-pure assessment of recognition memory, but also test elements of novelty-seeking, habituation, and motivation. These confounds likely explain the conflicting results. Thus, we propose that memory researchers should prefer explicit matching tests and readers interested in the neural substrates of recognition memory should give explicit matching tests greater interpretive weight.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	282488-7
ISSN	1878-108X ; 0378-5912 ; 0166-2236
ISSN (online)	1878-108X
ISSN	0378-5912 ; 0166-2236
DOI	10.1016/j.tins.2024.03.003
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Zs.MG 53: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Fish biogeography and hybridization: do contemporary distributions predict introgression history?

Waters, Jonathan M / Campbell, Ciaran S M / Dutoit, Ludovic

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution

2023 Volume 77, Issue 11, Page(s) 2409–2419

Abstract: ... of introgression among taxa that currently have disjunct distributions within drainages (e.g., separate ...

Abstract	Freshwater ecosystems frequently house diverse assemblages of closely related fish taxa, which can be particularly prone to hybridization and introgression. While extensive introgression may be expected among biogeographically proximate lineages, recent analyses imply that contemporary distributions do not always accurately predict hybridization history. Here, we use the ABBA-BABA approach to test biogeographic hypotheses regarding the extent of hybridization in the recent evolution of New Zealand's species-rich freshwater Galaxias vulgaris fish complex. Genome-wide comparisons reveal significant increases in introgression associated with increasing geographic overlap of taxa. The estimator DP, which assesses the net proportion of a genome originating from introgression, shows a particularly strong relationship with biogeographic overlap (R2 = .43; p = .005). Our analyses nevertheless reveal surprisingly substantial signatures of introgression among taxa that currently have disjunct distributions within drainages (e.g., separate subcatchments). These "anomalies" imply that current biogeography is not always an accurate predictor of introgression history. Our study suggests that both modern and ancient biogeographic shifts, including recent anthropogenic range fragmentation and tectonically driven riven capture events, have influenced introgression histories in this dynamic freshwater fish radiation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ecosystem ; Fishes/genetics ; Hybridization, Genetic ; Genome ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Phylogeny
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2036375-8
ISSN	1558-5646 ; 0014-3820
ISSN (online)	1558-5646
ISSN	0014-3820
DOI	10.1093/evolut/qpad147
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Article ; Online: Developing the HERO within: Evaluation of a brief intervention for increasing Psychological Capital (PsyCap) in Australian female students during the final year of school in the first year of COVID-19.

Finch, Jules / Waters, Allison M / Farrell, Lara J

Journal of affective disorders

2023 Volume 324, Page(s) 616–623

Abstract: ... common areas of concern for students (e.g., perfectionism). Future research directions addressing ...

Abstract	Academic stress is linked to adolescent distress and perfectionism during the final years at school, with girls being at greater risk. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was an additional stressor that impacted student learning on a global scale. The present study examines the effectiveness of an intervention targeting Psychological Capital (PsyCap), comprising hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO) to increase these HERO resources and assess its impact on mental health symptoms and subjective wellbeing outcomes among a cohort of Year 12 students (n = 82, Mage = 17.09, SD = 0.28, 99% identifying as female) from a girls school during the first year of the pandemic. Primary outcomes of anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and flourishing and secondary outcomes of HERO variables and perfectionism were examined. There were no significant changes in primary outcomes. Significant changes in efficacy, optimism, omnibus PsyCap (HERO combined) and perfectionism were found at post-intervention. Findings indicate the intervention targeting HERO constructs may be promising for developing HERO capabilities in youth and reducing common areas of concern for students (e.g., perfectionism). Future research directions addressing limitations are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Female ; Crisis Intervention ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Australia/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Students/psychology ; Schools
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-05
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	135449-8
ISSN	1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
ISSN (online)	1573-2517
ISSN	0165-0327
DOI	10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.169
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Article ; Online: Approximating exposure therapy in the lab: Replacing the CS+ with a similar versus a different stimulus and including additional stimuli resembling the CS+ during extinction.

Waters, Allison M / Ryan, Katherine M / Luck, Camilla C / Craske, Michelle G / Lipp, Ottmar V

Behaviour research and therapy

2023 Volume 167, Page(s) 104357

Abstract: Recent studies have shown that extinction training including the conditional stimulus (CS+) and stimuli that are similar to the CS + enhances extinction retention and generalisation to novel stimuli. However, in a clinical setting, the CS+ is rarely ... ...

Abstract	Recent studies have shown that extinction training including the conditional stimulus (CS+) and stimuli that are similar to the CS + enhances extinction retention and generalisation to novel stimuli. However, in a clinical setting, the CS+ is rarely available for use during exposure therapy. The aim of the present study was to determine if replacing the CS+ with a similar versus different stimulus, and including other similar stimuli during extinction, could reduce fear at test on par with extinction using the original CS+ with and without other similar stimuli. In an experiment conducted in a single session, participants completed a habituation phase followed by an acquisition phase using two dog images presented with (CS+) and without (CS-) an acoustic unconditional stimulus (US). Participants were randomly allocated to four extinction conditions: similar CS + dog with novel dog images (Similar replacement extinction condition); different CS + dog with novel dog images (Different replacement extinction condition); original CS + dog with novel dog images (Multiple extinction control condition); and original CS + without novel dog images (Standard extinction control condition). All participants completed a test phase with the original CSs followed by a generalisation test with another two novel dog images. All groups acquired, and then extinguished differential skin conductance responses (SCRs) with no differences observed between groups. Whereas the Similar replacement extinction group and the Multiple and Standard extinction control groups did not exhibit significant differential SCRs when re-exposed to the original CS + relative to the CS- at test, differential responding to the CSs was significant at test in the Different replacement extinction group. There were no significant differences between groups in SCRs to the two novel dog images during the generalisation phase and in between-phase subjective ratings. Findings suggest that replacement stimuli used during extinction should be as similar as possible to the CS + to reduce physiological arousal to the original CS+.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Animals ; Dogs ; Implosive Therapy ; Conditioning, Classical/physiology ; Galvanic Skin Response ; Extinction, Psychological/physiology ; Fear/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	211997-3
ISSN	1873-622X ; 0005-7967
ISSN (online)	1873-622X
ISSN	0005-7967
DOI	10.1016/j.brat.2023.104357
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Article ; Online: Melioidosis with septic arthritis in a returning traveller.

Waters, Mara / Avery, Ellen G / German, Greg J / Krajden, Sigmund / Chen, Yan

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

2024 Volume 196, Issue 4, Page(s) E129–E132

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Melioidosis/complications ; Melioidosis/diagnosis ; Melioidosis/drug therapy ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Infectious/diagnosis ; Arthritis, Infectious/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-04
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	215506-0
ISSN	1488-2329 ; 0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
ISSN (online)	1488-2329
ISSN	0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
DOI	10.1503/cmaj.230902
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