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Article ; Online: Notifying university students' emergency contacts in mental health emergencies: Multi-year analysis of student consent policy preferences.

Linton, Myles-Jay / Shields, Robin / Biddle, Lucy / Kidger, Judi

2023 Volume 169, Page(s) 107438

Abstract: Information sharing is a frequently discussed yet divisive suicide prevention strategy in universities. This study aimed to investigate which students are most and least likely to opt-in to university permission to notify an emergency contact if there ... ...

Abstract	Information sharing is a frequently discussed yet divisive suicide prevention strategy in universities. This study aimed to investigate which students are most and least likely to opt-in to university permission to notify an emergency contact if there are serious concerns about their mental health. Routine cross-sectional data were obtained from 29,799 students in 2020 and 31,998 students in 2021 within a UK university. The proportion of students opting-in to a 'consent to contact policy' across years was summarised descriptively. Multiple logistic regression models examined the odds of students opting-in dependent on student characteristics (probable clinical depression, age, gender identity, sexuality, ethnicity, home/international student status, disability, study mode and level of study). Most students opted-in to the policy in 2020 (91.2%, n = 27,146) and 2021 (90.4%, n = 28,912). Probable clinical depression (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.72) and gender identity different from sex (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.90) had the strongest associations with not opting-in in 2020. Identifying as male, lesbian/gay/bisexual, Asian ethnicity, declaring a disability, and being a taught postgraduate student were also predictive of not opting-in. These results were replicated in the 2021 dataset. Some of the most vulnerable students appear least likely to opt-in. Insights are offered about potential gaps in universities' access to emergency contacts to prevent serious harm or loss of life. Further research is required into why the groups identified in this study are less likely to opt-in and what additional support they may require.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Mental Health ; Universities ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emergencies ; Gender Identity ; Students/psychology ; Informed Consent
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	184600-0
ISSN	1096-0260 ; 0091-7435
ISSN (online)	1096-0260
ISSN	0091-7435
DOI	10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107438
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Article ; Online: Estimating the effectiveness of an enhanced 'Improving Access to Psychological Therapies' (IAPT) service addressing the wider determinants of mental health: a real-world evaluation.

Porter, Alice / Franklin, Matthew / De Vocht, Frank / d'Apice, Katrina / Curtin, Esther / Albers, Patricia / Kidger, Judi

BMJ open

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e077220

Abstract: Background: Addressing the wider determinants of mental health alongside psychological therapy could improve mental health service outcomes and population mental health.: Objectives: To estimate the effectiveness of an enhanced 'Improving Access to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Addressing the wider determinants of mental health alongside psychological therapy could improve mental health service outcomes and population mental health. Objectives: To estimate the effectiveness of an enhanced 'Improving Access to Psychological Therapies' (IAPT) mental health service compared with traditional IAPT in England. Alongside traditional therapy treatment, the enhanced service included well-being support and community service links. Design: A real-world evaluation using IAPT's electronic health records. Setting: Three National Health Service IAPT services in England. Participants: Data from 17 642 service users classified as having a case of depression and/or anxiety at baseline. Intervention: We compared the enhanced IAPT service (intervention) to an IAPT service in a different region providing traditional treatment only (geographical control), and the IAPT service with traditional treatment before additional support was introduced (historical control). Primary outcome measures: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) Depression Scale (score range: 0-27) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Anxiety Scale (score range: 0-21); for both, lower scores indicate better mental health. Propensity scores were used to estimate inverse probability of treatment weights, subsequently used in mixed effects regression models. Results: Small improvements (mean, 95% CI) were observed for PHQ-9 (depression) (-0.21 to -0.32 to -0.09) and GAD-7 (anxiety) (-0.23 to -0.34 to -0.13) scores in the intervention group compared with the historical control. There was little evidence of statistically significant differences between intervention control and geographical control. Conclusions: Embedding additional health and well-being (H&W) support into standard IAPT services may lead to improved mental health outcomes. However, the lack of improved outcomes compared with the geographical control may instead reflect a more general improvement to the intervention IAPT service. It is not clear from our findings whether an IAPT service with additional H&W support is clinically superior to traditional IAPT models.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Anxiety/therapy ; Anxiety Disorders/therapy ; England/epidemiology ; Health Services Accessibility ; Mental Health ; State Medicine
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077220
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Article ; Online: Integrating Health into Local Plans: A Comparative Review of Health Requirements for Urban Development in Seven Local Planning Authorities in England.

Callway, Rosalie / Le Gouais, Anna / Bird, Emma L / Chang, Michael / Kidger, Judi

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 5

Abstract: A local plan is a statutory policy document that supports urban development decisions across a local government area in England. Local plans are reported to need more specific requirements for development proposals regarding wider health determinants to ... ...

Abstract	A local plan is a statutory policy document that supports urban development decisions across a local government area in England. Local plans are reported to need more specific requirements for development proposals regarding wider health determinants to address potential health outcomes and health inequalities. This study reviews the integration of Health in Local Plans of seven local planning authorities through documentary analysis methods. A review framework was formulated based on health and planning literature regarding local plans, health policy and determinants of health and dialogue with a local government partner. The findings identify opportunities to strengthen the consideration of Health in Local Plans, including ensuring that policies are informed by local health priorities and signpost national guidance, strengthening health-related requirements for developers (e.g., indoor air quality, fuel poverty and security of tenure) and improving implementation of requirements for developers (e.g., through adoption of health management plans and community ownership). The study identifies further research needs regarding how policies are interpreted by developers in practice, and on national guidance for Health Impact Assessment. It highlights the benefit of undertaking a comparative review, contrasting local plan policy language and identifying opportunities to share, adapt and strengthen planning requirements regarding health outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Urban Renewal ; Health Policy ; Health Planning ; England
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20054079
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Article ; Online: Childhood psychopathology mediates associations between childhood adversities and multiple health risk behaviours in adolescence: analysis using the ALSPAC birth cohort.

Troy, David / Russell, Abigail / Kidger, Judi / Wright, Caroline

Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines

2021 Volume 62, Issue 9, Page(s) 1100–1109

Abstract: Background: Childhood adversity strongly predicts adolescent multiple health risk behaviours (MRBs) such as alcohol/tobacco use, self-harm and physical inactivity, and both adversities and MRBs are associated with premature mortality and several chronic ...

Abstract	Background: Childhood adversity strongly predicts adolescent multiple health risk behaviours (MRBs) such as alcohol/tobacco use, self-harm and physical inactivity, and both adversities and MRBs are associated with premature mortality and several chronic health conditions that are among the leading causes of death in adults. It is therefore important to understand the relationship between adversities and MRBs and what could mediate any association. The aim of this study was to explore whether childhood psychopathology mediates associations between adversities and MRBs. Methods: Participants were young people in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) (N = 5,799). Using structural equation modelling, we explored the associations between adversities before 9 years and MRBs at age 16 years. We also explored potential mediating pathways through dimensional psychopathology measured by the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire subscales at age 12 years. Results: There were strong positive associations between adversities and MRBs (β .25, 95% CI 0.20, 0.31, p < .001) suggesting that each additional adversity is associated with a 0.25 increase in number of MRBs out of 13 total risk behaviours. We found robust evidence of mediating pathways from adversities through conduct problems (β .05, 95% CI 0.03, 0.06, p < .001), hyperactivity/inattention (β .02, 95% CI 0.01, 0.03, p < .001) and peer relationship problems (β -.02, 95% CI -0.03, -0.02, p < .001) to MRBs. Conclusions: Increased conduct problems and hyperactivity/inattention appear to partially explain the relationship between adversities and MRBs. Peer relationship problems also appear to reduce the association between adversities and MRBs, and further research is needed to understand how to encourage peer connectivity without increasing risk of MRBs. These results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing MRBs among those exposed to childhood adversities could focus on prevention of behavioural problems.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Health Risk Behaviors ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Mental Disorders/etiology ; Parents ; Risk Factors ; Self-Injurious Behavior
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218136-8
ISSN	1469-7610 ; 0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
ISSN (online)	1469-7610
ISSN	0021-9630 ; 0373-8086
DOI	10.1111/jcpp.13379
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Article ; Online: Integrating Health into Local Plans

Rosalie Callway / Anna Le Gouais / Emma L. Bird / Michael Chang / Judi Kidger

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 4079, p

A Comparative Review of Health Requirements for Urban Development in Seven Local Planning Authorities in England

2023 Volume 4079

Abstract	A local plan is a statutory policy document that supports urban development decisions across a local government area in England. Local plans are reported to need more specific requirements for development proposals regarding wider health determinants to address potential health outcomes and health inequalities. This study reviews the integration of Health in Local Plans of seven local planning authorities through documentary analysis methods. A review framework was formulated based on health and planning literature regarding local plans, health policy and determinants of health and dialogue with a local government partner. The findings identify opportunities to strengthen the consideration of Health in Local Plans, including ensuring that policies are informed by local health priorities and signpost national guidance, strengthening health-related requirements for developers (e.g., indoor air quality, fuel poverty and security of tenure) and improving implementation of requirements for developers (e.g., through adoption of health management plans and community ownership). The study identifies further research needs regarding how policies are interpreted by developers in practice, and on national guidance for Health Impact Assessment. It highlights the benefit of undertaking a comparative review, contrasting local plan policy language and identifying opportunities to share, adapt and strengthen planning requirements regarding health outcomes.
Keywords	planning policy ; determinants of health ; comparative review ; urban development ; spatial planning ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Mixed Methods, Quasi-Experimental Evaluation Exploring the Impact of a Secondary School Universal Free School Meals Intervention Pilot.

Carlisle, Victoria R / Jessiman, Patricia E / Breheny, Katie / Campbell, Rona / Jago, Russell / Leonard, Naomi / Robinson, Marcus / Strong, Steve / Kidger, Judi

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 6

Abstract: Food insecurity amongst households with children is a growing concern globally. The impacts in children include poor mental health and reduced educational attainment. Providing universal free school meals is one potential way of addressing these impacts. ...

Abstract	Food insecurity amongst households with children is a growing concern globally. The impacts in children include poor mental health and reduced educational attainment. Providing universal free school meals is one potential way of addressing these impacts. This paper reports findings on the impact of a universal free school meals pilot in two English secondary schools. We adopted a mixed-methods, quasi-experimental design. The intervention schools were one mainstream school (
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Meals ; Schools ; Lunch ; Students ; Food Services
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20065216
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Article ; Online: Social media use and social connectedness among adolescents in the United Kingdom: a qualitative exploration of displacement and stimulation.

Winstone, Lizzy / Mars, Becky / Haworth, Claire M A / Kidger, Judi

BMC public health

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 1736

Abstract: Background: Connectedness to family and peers is a key determinant of adolescent mental health. Existing research examining associations between social media use and social connectedness has been largely quantitative and has focused primarily on ... ...

Abstract	Background: Connectedness to family and peers is a key determinant of adolescent mental health. Existing research examining associations between social media use and social connectedness has been largely quantitative and has focused primarily on loneliness, or on specific aspects of peer relationships. In this qualitative study we use the displacement hypothesis and the stimulation hypothesis as competing theoretical lenses through which we examine the complex relationship between social media use and feelings of connectedness to family and peers. Methods: In-depth paired and individual interviews were conducted with twenty-four 13-14-year-olds in two inner-city English secondary schools. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded and thematically analysed. Results: Analysis identified four themes: (i) 'Displacement of face-to-face socialising' (ii) 'Social obligations' (iii) '(Mis)Trust' and (iv) 'Personal and group identity'. Results indicated stronger support for the stimulation hypothesis than the displacement hypothesis. We found evidence of a complex set of reciprocal and circular relationships between social media use and connectedness consistent with a 'rich-get-richer' and a 'poor-get-poorer' effect for family and peer connectedness - and a 'poor-get-richer' effect in peer connectedness for those who find face-to-face interactions difficult. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that parents should take a measured approach to social media use, providing clear guidance, promoting trust and responsible time management, and acknowledging the role of social media in making connections. Understanding and sharing in online experiences is likely to promote social connectedness. Supporting young people to negotiate breathing space in online interactions and prioritising trust over availability in peer relationships may optimise the role of social media in promoting peer connectedness.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Loneliness ; Mental Health ; Peer Group ; Social Environment ; Social Media
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-021-11802-9
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Article ; Online: Adolescent social media user types and their mental health and well-being: Results from a longitudinal survey of 13-14-year-olds in the United Kingdom.

Winstone, Lizzy / Mars, Becky / Haworth, Claire M A / Heron, Jon / Kidger, Judi

JCPP advances

2022 Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) e12071

Abstract: Background: There is mixed evidence as to the effects of different types of social media use on mental health, but previous research has been platform-specific and has focused on an oversimplified distinction between active and passive use. This study ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is mixed evidence as to the effects of different types of social media use on mental health, but previous research has been platform-specific and has focused on an oversimplified distinction between active and passive use. This study aimed to identify different underlying subgroups of adolescent social media user based on their pattern of social media activities and test associations between user type and future mental health. Methods: Students from 19 schools ( Results: A four-class model of social media user at baseline was selected based on fit statistics and interpretability. User types were labelled High Communicators; Moderate Communicators; Broadcasters; and Minimal users. Users became more active over time. Broadcasters at age 13 had the poorest mental health outcomes at age 14, with mental health and well-being generally better among the High and Moderate Communicators. Conclusions: Findings suggest that broadcasters-adolescents with high levels of content sharing in addition to messaging and browsing online-are most likely to be experiencing poor mental health a year later. Recommendations regarding social media use should expand to consider different user types, and mental health implications of their engagement with different online activities in addition to screen-time.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2692-9384
ISSN (online)	2692-9384
DOI	10.1002/jcv2.12071
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Article ; Online: Perspectives on an enhanced 'Improving Access to Psychological Therapies' (IAPT) service addressing the wider determinants of mental health: a qualitative study.

Curtin, Esther Louise / d'Apice, Katrina / Porter, Alice / Widnall, Emily / Franklin, Matthew / de Vocht, Frank / Kidger, Judi

BMC health services research

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 536

Abstract: Background: A new Health and Wellbeing pathway was introduced into the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service in one geographical area of the UK in 2021 to address the wider determinants of mental health problems. It comprised ... ...

Abstract	Background: A new Health and Wellbeing pathway was introduced into the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service in one geographical area of the UK in 2021 to address the wider determinants of mental health problems. It comprised assisted signposting to wider services and physical health promotion. This qualitative study aimed to understand stakeholders' experiences of implementing and receiving this new support and the barriers and facilitators to its delivery. Methods: Forty-seven interviews were conducted, with service developers (n = 6), service deliverers (n = 12), service users (n = 22) and community and clinical partners (n = 7), as part of a larger mixed-methods evaluation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Three themes spanned all participant groups and represented key aspects of the service: (1) identifying suitability, (2) a holistic service, and (3) moving forward. The sub-themes represent the barriers and facilitators to processes working in practice, lending insight into potential service improvements. These included strengthening the quality of communication during referral and assessment, tailoring the support and delivery mode, and increasing transparency around continued care to drive sustained benefits. Limitations: Service users may have been selected due to their positive experiences of IAPT and were not demographically representative of the population, although participants' experiences of the service did suggest variation in our sample. Conclusions: The Health and Wellbeing pathway was perceived as having a positive impact on mental health and could reduce the burden on therapeutic services. However, service- and individual-level barriers need to be addressed to enhance statutory and community support links, manage service users' expectations, and improve accessibility for certain groups.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mental Health ; Qualitative Research ; Communication ; Health Promotion ; Physical Examination
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050434-2
ISSN	1472-6963 ; 1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
ISSN	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-023-09405-8
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Article ; Online: Assessing the Feasibility of a Peer Education Project to Improve Mental Health Literacy in Adolescents in the UK.

Russell, Abigail Emma / Curtin, Esther / Widnall, Emily / Dodd, Steven / Limmer, Mark / Simmonds, Ruth / Kidger, Judi

Community mental health journal

2023 Volume 59, Issue 4, Page(s) 784–796

Abstract: Many mental health problems begin in adolescence and occur on a spectrum of severity: early recognition and intervention is important. This study is a quantitative feasibility study of the Mental Health Foundation's Peer Education Project (PEP). ... ...

Abstract	Many mental health problems begin in adolescence and occur on a spectrum of severity: early recognition and intervention is important. This study is a quantitative feasibility study of the Mental Health Foundation's Peer Education Project (PEP). Attrition, psychometric properties of questionnaires, indications of improvement on a range of outcomes, and sample size required for a powered trial of effectiveness were assessed. 203 students completed the survey both pre and post-intervention. It was found that existing previously-validated measures had good psychometric properties, with two new questionnaires demonstrating reasonable reliability (self-help confidence alpha = 0.78, mental health knowledge alpha = 0.59). There were indications of improvement in help-seeking intentions, the number of sources likely to seek help from, and mental health knowledge from pre- to post-intervention. A future trial of PEP with a sample of approximately 36 schools, researcher-led data collections, and help-seeking intentions or sources as a primary outcome appears to be feasible.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Mental Health ; Health Literacy ; Feasibility Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	215855-3
ISSN	1573-2789 ; 0010-3853
ISSN (online)	1573-2789
ISSN	0010-3853
DOI	10.1007/s10597-022-01059-w
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