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  1. Book ; Online: Best $L_p$ Isotonic Regressions, $p \in \{0, 1, \infty\}$

    Stout, Quentin F.

    2023  

    Abstract: Given a real-valued weighted function $f$ on a finite dag, the $L_p$ isotonic regression of $f$, $p ... in [0,\infty]$, is unique except when $p \in [0,1] \cup \{\infty\}$. We are interested in determining ... a ``best'' isotonic regression for $p \in \{0, 1, \infty\}$, where by best we mean a regression satisfying ...

    Abstract Given a real-valued weighted function $f$ on a finite dag, the $L_p$ isotonic regression of $f$, $p \in [0,\infty]$, is unique except when $p \in [0,1] \cup \{\infty\}$. We are interested in determining a ``best'' isotonic regression for $p \in \{0, 1, \infty\}$, where by best we mean a regression satisfying stronger properties than merely having minimal norm. One approach is to use strict $L_p$ regression, which is the limit of the best $L_q$ approximation as $q$ approaches $p$, and another is lex regression, which is based on lexical ordering of regression errors. For $L_\infty$ the strict and lex regressions are unique and the same. For $L_1$, strict $q \scriptstyle\searrow 1$ is unique, but we show that $q \scriptstyle\nearrow 1$ may not be, and even when it is unique the two limits may not be the same. For $L_0$, in general neither of the strict and lex regressions are unique, nor do they always have the same set of optimal regressions, but by expanding the objectives of $L_p$ optimization to $p < 0$ we show $p{ \scriptstyle \nearrow} 0$ is the same as lex regression. We also give algorithms for computing the best $L_p$ isotonic regression in certain situations.
    Keywords Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics ; Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms ; Mathematics - Statistics Theory
    Subject code 519
    Publishing date 2023-05-31
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Corrigendum to "Guideline summary review: an evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of low back pain" [The Spine Journal 20/7 (2020) p 998-1024].

    Kreiner, D Scott / Matz, Paul / Bono, Christopher M / Cho, Charles H / Easa, John E / Ghiselli, Gary / Ghogawala, Zoher / Reitman, Charles A / Resnick, Daniel K / Watters, William C / Annaswamy, Thiru M / Baisden, Jamie / Bartynski, Walter S / Bess, Shay / Brewer, Randall P / Cassidy, R Carter / Cheng, David S / Christie, Sean D / Chutkan, Norman B /
    Cohen, Bernard Allan / Dagenais, Simon / Enix, Dennis E / Dougherty, Paul / Golish, S Raymond / Gulur, Padma / Hwang, Steven W / Kilincer, Cumhur / King, Jeffrey A / Lipson, Adam C / Lisi, Anthony J / Meagher, Richard J / O'Toole, John E / Park, Paul / Pekmezci, Murat / Perry, Daniel R / Prasad, Ravi / Provenzano, David A / Radcliff, Kris E / Rahmathulla, Gazanfar / Reinsel, Tom E / Rich, Robert L / Robbins, Daniel S / Rosolowski, Karie A / Sembrano, Jonathan N / Sharma, Anil K / Stout, Alison A / Taleghani, Christopher K / Tauzell, Ryan A / Trammell, Terry / Vorobeychik, Yakov / Yahiro, Amy M

    The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 726–727

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2037072-6
    ISSN 1878-1632 ; 1529-9430
    ISSN (online) 1878-1632
    ISSN 1529-9430
    DOI 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.02.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Interpretation of Cytochrome P-450 Inhibition and Induction Effects From Clinical Data: Current Standards and Recommendations for Implementation.

    Stout, Stephen M / Nemerovski, Carrie W / Streetman, Daniel S / Berg, Melody / Hoffman, Jamie / Burke, Kayann / Bemben, Nina M / Sklar, Stephen J

    Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics

    2020  Volume 109, Issue 1, Page(s) 82–86

    Abstract: Agents that modify cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzyme activity are characterized as strong, moderate, or ...

    Abstract Agents that modify cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzyme activity are characterized as strong, moderate, or weak inhibitors or inducers based on the magnitude of their impact on substrate exposure in clinical studies. Criteria for these classifications are simple and semiquantitative. However, assignment of a given agent to a CYP inhibitor or inducer category is often complicated by limitations of the published data, inconsistent study findings, and other factors. CYP inhibitor and inducer categories are commonly used as a basis for differentiating drug interaction management recommendations. For example, product labeling for a CYP substrate may recommend avoidance in combination with strong inhibitors and dose reduction in combination with moderate inhibitors. When such recommendations exist, ambiguity or variability in placement of inhibitors or inducers into categories can introduce potentially harmful variations in clinical drug interaction management. Failure to adequately reflect the drug interaction potential of an agent by under-categorizing it (e.g., calling it weak when data point to moderate effects), for example, may lead clinicians to respond inadequately to real risks, or to ignore potential interactions altogether. Over-categorization may lead to actions such as over-adjustment of substrate doses or unnecessary avoidance of optimal treatments. This review describes the current criteria for assignment of CYP inhibitor and inducer categories, summarizes common circumstances leading to ambiguous or variable CYP inhibitor and inducer categorizations, and proposes an approach to data interpretation and application of current criteria under uncertainty. When applied to > 1,000 CYP reviews, the approach described has identified a clear categorization in almost all cases.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Drug Interactions/physiology ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (9035-51-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 123793-7
    ISSN 1532-6535 ; 0009-9236
    ISSN (online) 1532-6535
    ISSN 0009-9236
    DOI 10.1002/cpt.1918
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book ; Online: $L_p$ Isotonic Regression Algorithms Using an $L_0$ Approach

    Stout, Quentin F.

    2021  

    Abstract: ... We consider exact and approximate results for $L_p$ regressions, $p=0$ and $1 \leq p < \infty$, and a variety ... to algorithms for $L_p$ isotonic regression. We show a simple plug-in method to systematically incorporate ...

    Abstract Significant advances in flow algorithms have changed the relative performance of various approaches to algorithms for $L_p$ isotonic regression. We show a simple plug-in method to systematically incorporate such advances, and advances in determining violator dags, with no assumptions about the algorithms' structures. The method is based on the standard algorithm for $L_0$ (Hamming distance) isotonic regression (by finding anti-chains in a violator dag), coupled with partitioning based on binary $L_1$ isotonic regression. For several important classes of graphs the algorithms are already faster (in O-notation) than previously published ones, close to or at the lower bound, and significantly faster than those implemented in statistical packages. We consider exact and approximate results for $L_p$ regressions, $p=0$ and $1 \leq p < \infty$, and a variety of orderings.

    Comment: Remove mistaken mistaken in abstract about unweighted points in $d$-dimensional space. Added references, revised paper to make it more readable Revised material to make some sections clearer. Replaced Gau, Liu, Peng paper with van den Brend, Lee, Liu, Saranurak, Sidford, Song, Wang, D (i.e., did exactly what paper shows, namely plug and play, replace flow algorithm when better one appears)
    Keywords Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms
    Publishing date 2021-07-01
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: [Rezension von: Hawley, James P., ...,, The rise of fiduciary capitalism]

    Stout, Lynn A / Hawley, James P

    Journal of economic literature Vol. 39, No. 4 , p. 1248-1249

    2001  Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) 1248–1249

    Author's details Lynn A. Stout
    Keywords 40#49
    Language English
    Publisher Assoc
    Publishing place Nashville, Tenn
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 3076-4 ; 2010159-4
    ISSN 0022-0515
    ISSN 0022-0515
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  6. Book: P. H. antwortet nicht

    Stout, Rex / Steinbach, Renate

    Kriminalroman

    (Goldmann ; 5905)

    1995  

    Author's details Rex Stout. Aus dem Engl. von Renate Steinbach
    Series title Goldmann ; 5905
    Language German
    Size 189 S.
    Publisher Goldmann
    Publishing place München
    Document type Book
    ISBN 3442059054 ; 9783442059058
    Database Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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  7. Article ; Online: Self-sufficient P450-reductase chimeras for biocatalysis.

    Stout, Carter N / Renata, Hans

    Methods in enzymology

    2023  Volume 693, Page(s) 51–71

    Abstract: In recent years, cytochromes P450 have emerged as powerful, versatile biocatalysts for the site-selective functionalization of small molecules. Catalyzing an impressive range of chemical transformations, these enzymes have been widely used to effect C-H ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, cytochromes P450 have emerged as powerful, versatile biocatalysts for the site-selective functionalization of small molecules. Catalyzing an impressive range of chemical transformations, these enzymes have been widely used to effect C-H oxidation, biaryl coupling, and carbon-heteroatom bond formation, among many other reactions. However, the majority of P450s are multi-protein systems that employ secondary redox partners in key steps of the catalytic cycle, which limits their broader applicability. In response, the discovery of self-sufficient P450s, such as P450
    MeSH term(s) Biocatalysis ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Catalysis
    Chemical Substances Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (9035-51-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1557-7988
    ISSN (online) 1557-7988
    DOI 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.09.010
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Cerebrovascular reserve in moyamoya requires more standardization: editorial on ASL-MRI guided evaluation of multiple burr hole revascularization surgery in moyamoya disease.

    See, Alfred P / Stout, Jeffrey N

    Acta neurochirurgica

    2023  Volume 165, Issue 8, Page(s) 2071–2072

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Moyamoya Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Moyamoya Disease/surgery ; Trephining ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Cerebral Revascularization ; Cerebrovascular Circulation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-23
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 80010-7
    ISSN 0942-0940 ; 0001-6268
    ISSN (online) 0942-0940
    ISSN 0001-6268
    DOI 10.1007/s00701-023-05646-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Prioritising gully remediation in a Great Barrier Reef catchment: An approach using two independent methods of assessing erosion activity in 22,300 gullies.

    Daley, James S / Stout, Justin C / Brooks, Andrew P

    Journal of environmental management

    2024  Volume 357, Page(s) 120688

    Abstract: The strategic reduction and remediation of degraded land is a global environmental priority. This is a particular priority in the Great Barrier Reef catchment area, Australia, where gully erosion a significant contributor to land degradation and water ... ...

    Abstract The strategic reduction and remediation of degraded land is a global environmental priority. This is a particular priority in the Great Barrier Reef catchment area, Australia, where gully erosion a significant contributor to land degradation and water quality deterioration. Urgent action through the prioritisation and remediation of gully erosion sites is imperative to safeguard this UNESCO World Heritage site. In this study, we analyze a comprehensive dataset of 22,311 mapped gullies within a 3480 km
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Soil ; Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; Water Quality ; Australia
    Chemical Substances Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120688
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Aligning Germline Cancer Predisposition With Tumor-Based Next-Generation Sequencing for Modern Oncology Diagnosis, Interception, and Therapeutic Development.

    Yap, Timothy A / Stadler, Zsofia K / Stout, Leigh Anne / Schneider, Bryan P

    American Society of Clinical Oncology educational book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting

    2023  Volume 43, Page(s) e390738

    Abstract: In the era of precision medicine, genomic interrogation for identification of both germline and somatic genetic alterations has become increasingly important. While such germline testing was usually undertaken via a phenotype-driven single-gene approach, ...

    Abstract In the era of precision medicine, genomic interrogation for identification of both germline and somatic genetic alterations has become increasingly important. While such germline testing was usually undertaken via a phenotype-driven single-gene approach, with the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, the widespread utilization of multigene panels, often agnostic of cancer phenotype, has become a commonplace in many different cancer types. At the same time, somatic tumor testing in oncology performed for the purpose of guiding therapeutic decisions for targeted therapies has also rapidly expanded, recently starting to incorporate not just patients with recurrent or metastatic cancer but even patients with early-stage disease. An integrated approach may be the best approach for the optimal management of patients with different cancers. The lack of complete congruence between germline and somatic NGS tests does not minimize the power or importance of either, but highlights the need to understand their limitations so as not to overlook an important finding or omission. NGS tests built to more uniformly and comprehensively evaluate both the germline and tumor simultaneously are urgently required and are in development. In this article, we discuss approaches to somatic and germline analyses in patients with cancer and the knowledge gained from integration of tumor-normal sequencing. We also detail strategies for the incorporation of genomic analysis into oncology care delivery models and the important emergence of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and other DNA Damage Response inhibitors in the clinic for patients with cancer with germline and somatic
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Medical Oncology ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Disease Susceptibility ; Germ Cells
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2431126-1
    ISSN 1548-8756 ; 1548-8748
    ISSN (online) 1548-8756
    ISSN 1548-8748
    DOI 10.1200/EDBK_390738
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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