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Article ; Online: Multichannel measurements of C. elegans largest Lyapunov exponents using optical diffraction.

Zanetti, Raffaella F / Canavan, Katherine L / Zhang, Susannah G / Magnes, Jenny

Applied optics

2022 Volume 62, Issue 29, Page(s) 7812–7818

Abstract: Dynamic diffraction (DOD) is a form of microscopy that allows the dynamic tracking of changing shapes in a 1D time series. DOD can capture the locomotion of a nematode while swimming freely in a 3D space, allowing the locomotion of the worm to more ... ...

Abstract	Dynamic diffraction (DOD) is a form of microscopy that allows the dynamic tracking of changing shapes in a 1D time series. DOD can capture the locomotion of a nematode while swimming freely in a 3D space, allowing the locomotion of the worm to more closely mimic natural behavior than in some other laboratory environments. More importantly, we are able to see markers of chaos as DOD covers dynamics on multiple length scales. This work introduces a multichannel method to measure the dynamic complexity of microscopic organisms. We show that parameters associated with chaos, such as the largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE), the mean frequency, mutual information (MI), and the embedding dimension, are independent of the specific point sampled in the diffraction pattern, thus demonstrating experimentally the consistency of our dynamic parameters sampled at various locations (channels) in the associated optical far-field pattern.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1539-4522
ISSN (online)	1539-4522
DOI	10.1364/AO.500838
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Ultrasound elastography for fibrosis surveillance is cost effective in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus in the UK.

Canavan, C / Eisenburg, J / Meng, L / Corey, K / Hur, C

Digestive diseases and sciences

2013 Volume 58, Issue 9, Page(s) 2691–2704

Abstract: Background: Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) is a significant risk factor for cirrhosis and subsequently ...

Abstract	Background: Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) is a significant risk factor for cirrhosis and subsequently hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV patients with cirrhosis are screened for HCC every 6 months. Surveillance for progression to cirrhosis and consequently access to HCC screening is not standardized. Liver biopsy, the usual test to determine cirrhosis, carries a significant risk of morbidity and associated mortality. Transient ultrasound elastography (fibroscan) is a non-invasive test for cirrhosis. Purpose: This study assesses the cost effectiveness of annual surveillance for cirrhosis in patients with chronic HCV and the effect of replacing biopsy with fibroscan to diagnose cirrhosis. Method: A Markov decision analytic model simulated a hypothetical cohort of 10,000 patients with chronic HCV initially without fibrosis over their lifetime. The cirrhosis surveillance strategies assessed were: no surveillance; current practice; fibroscan in current practice with biopsy to confirm cirrhosis; fibroscan completely replacing biopsy in current practice (definitive); annual biopsy; annual fibroscan with biopsy to confirm cirrhosis; annual definitive fibroscan. Results: Our results demonstrate that annual definitive fibroscan is the optimal strategy to diagnose cirrhosis. In our study, it diagnosed 20 % more cirrhosis cases than the current strategy, with 549 extra patients per 10,000 accessing screening over a lifetime and, consequently, 76 additional HCC cases diagnosed. The lifetime cost is £98.78 extra per patient compared to the current strategy for 1.72 additional unadjusted life years. Annual fibroscan surveillance of 132 patients results in the diagnosis one additional HCC case over a lifetime. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for an annual definitive fibroscan is £6,557.06/quality-adjusted life years gained. Conclusion: Annual definitive fibroscan may be a cost-effective surveillance strategy to identify cirrhosis in patients with chronic HCV, thereby allowing access of these patients to HCC screening.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques/economics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/pathology ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging ; Liver Cirrhosis/etiology ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Models, Economic ; Population Surveillance ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-05-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	304250-9
ISSN	1573-2568 ; 0163-2116
ISSN (online)	1573-2568
ISSN	0163-2116
DOI	10.1007/s10620-013-2705-y
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Article ; Online: Activ C cervical disc replacement for myelopathy.

McGonagle, L / Cadman, S / Chitgopkar, S D / Canavan, L / O'Malley, M / Shackleford, I M

Journal of craniovertebral junction & spine

2012 Volume 2, Issue 2, Page(s) 82–85

Abstract: ... fusion. The aim of this study is to assess the outcomes of a series of patients who underwent Activ C ...

Abstract	Background: Cervical disc replacement is becoming an increasingly popular treatment option for cervical myelopathy. It retains motion at the affected segment, unlike anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. The aim of this study is to assess the outcomes of a series of patients who underwent Activ C disc replacement for cervical myelopathy. Materials and methods: A series of patients at the above Trust with clinical and radiological evidence of cervical myelopathy who were suitable for cervical disc replacement from 2007 to 2009 were included. Implants were inserted by one of two consultant surgeons {IMS, MO'M}. Patients were assessed preoperatively and at six, 12 and 24 months, postoperatively, with a visual analogue score (VAS) for neck and arm pain severity and frequency, the Neck Disability Index questionnaire (NDI) and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression questionnaire (CES-D). Results: Ten patients underwent surgery between May 2007 and July 2009, 6 women, and 4 men. Average age was 54 years (40-64). Disc levels replaced were: four at C4-5; eight at C5-6; seven at C6-7. Three patients had one disc replaced, five patients had two discs replaced, and two patients had three discs replaced. The VAS for neck pain improved from 5.9 pre-operatively to 1.4-24 months postoperatively and the VAS arm pain improved from 5.4 to 2.6. The NDI improved from 51% preoperatively to 26.8% at 24 months postoperatively. The CES-D showed a slight increase from 19.5 preoperatively to 21.7 at 24 months, postoperatively. Conclusion: Cervical decompression and disc replacement improves pain and function in patients with cervical myelopathy. This benefit is maintained at 24 months post op, with no cases requiring revision.
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-10-18
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2573344-8
ISSN	0976-9285 ; 0974-8237
ISSN (online)	0976-9285
ISSN	0974-8237
DOI	10.4103/0974-8237.100062
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Article ; Online: Opening Pandora's Box at the roof of the world: Landscape, climate and avian influenza (H5N1).

Canavan, Barbara C

Acta tropica

2019 Volume 196, Page(s) 93–101

Abstract: The purpose of this case study is to examine how environmental disruption and agricultural practices act synergistically to create a perfect storm for the spread of avian influenza. Actors in this case study include the vast permafrost landscape of the ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this case study is to examine how environmental disruption and agricultural practices act synergistically to create a perfect storm for the spread of avian influenza. Actors in this case study include the vast permafrost landscape of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; a wild goose that migrates over the Himalayas; the highest altitude railway in the world that traverses the plateau into Tibet; and an avian virus (H5N1). Commencing in 2001, tens of thousands of railway workers travelled to remote regions of the plateau to work on the railway. In order to feed and shelter these workers, the Chinese government established captive-bred goose farms as a source of high protein food. Beginning in 2005 and continuing in subsequent years, Qinghai Lake was the scene for the unprecedented appearance of avian influenza among migratory geese. This was a key moment in the global spread of H5N1 to poultry on three continents. Remote sensing technology suggested an ecological pathway for the transfer of avian viruses among chickens, captive-bred geese, and wild geese. Within a region experiencing rapid climate change, Qinghai Lake is warming even faster than the global average. This may relate to the persistent outbreaks of avian flu strains from Qinghai during the past twelve years. Globally, exponential increases in bird flu outbreaks are not merely a matter of chance mutations in flu viruses but also a result of antecedent social and environmental factors. The Qinghai case study provides real-world examples that bring these factors into sharp focus.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chickens/virology ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Geese/virology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; Influenza in Birds/epidemiology ; Influenza in Birds/virology ; Phylogeny ; Tibet/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	210415-5
ISSN	1873-6254 ; 0001-706X
ISSN (online)	1873-6254
ISSN	0001-706X
DOI	10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.04.021
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Article ; Online: Activ C cervical disc replacement for myelopathy

L McGonagle / S Cadman / S D Chitgopkar / L Canavan / M O′Malley / I M Shackleford

Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 82-

2011 Volume 85

Abstract: ... fusion. The aim of this study is to assess the outcomes of a series of patients who underwent Activ C ...

Abstract	Background: Cervical disc replacement is becoming an increasingly popular treatment option for cervical myelopathy. It retains motion at the affected segment, unlike anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. The aim of this study is to assess the outcomes of a series of patients who underwent Activ C disc replacement for cervical myelopathy. Materials and Methods: A series of patients at the above Trust with clinical and radiological evidence of cervical myelopathy who were suitable for cervical disc replacement from 2007 to 2009 were included. Implants were inserted by one of two consultant surgeons {IMS, MO′M}. Patients were assessed preoperatively and at six, 12 and 24 months, postoperatively, with a visual analogue score (VAS) for neck and arm pain severity and frequency, the Neck Disability Index questionnaire (NDI) and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression questionnaire (CES-D). Results: Ten patients underwent surgery between May 2007 and July 2009, 6 women, and 4 men. Average age was 54 years (40-64). Disc levels replaced were: four at C4-5; eight at C5-6; seven at C6-7. Three patients had one disc replaced, five patients had two discs replaced, and two patients had three discs replaced. The VAS for neck pain improved from 5.9 pre-operatively to 1.4-24 months postoperatively and the VAS arm pain improved from 5.4 to 2.6. The NDI improved from 51% preoperatively to 26.8% at 24 months postoperatively. The CES-D showed a slight increase from 19.5 preoperatively to 21.7 at 24 months, postoperatively. Conclusion: Cervical decompression and disc replacement improves pain and function in patients with cervical myelopathy. This benefit is maintained at 24 months post op, with no cases requiring revision.
Keywords	Cervical ; disc ; myelopathy ; replacement ; Orthopedic surgery ; RD701-811 ; Surgery ; RD1-811 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: ANA/C pioneers project to develop quality indicators.

Canavan, K

The American nurse

1996 Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 19

MeSH term(s)	American Nurses' Association ; California ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Nursing Care/standards ; Quality Assurance, Health Care ; Societies, Nursing ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	1996-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604223-5
ISSN	0098-1486
ISSN	0098-1486
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Article: Isolation of

Lim, Jayleigh / Bolger, Kenneth / Canavan, Brian

Germs

2023 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 292–296

Abstract: ... pleuritic chest pain, fevers, and chills. Bloods revealed leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein ...

Abstract	Introduction: Hafnia alvei Case report: We describe a case of a 23-year-old, previously healthy male, who presented to the emergency department with a two-day history of hemoptysis, mild dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, fevers, and chills. Bloods revealed leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein. Chest X-ray and CT of the thorax revealed a cavitating lesion in the right upper lobe. He was commenced on empiric antibiotic treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanate and clarithromycin for community-acquired pneumonia in accordance with local guidelines. He subsequently underwent a bronchoscopy, and the bronchoalveolar lavage sample revealed a heavy growth of Conclusions: We present a case of community-acquired cavitary pneumonia in a previously healthy young adult with
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-30
Publishing country	Romania
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2649305-6
ISSN	2248-2997
ISSN	2248-2997
DOI	10.18683/germs.2023.1398
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Article: Opening Pandora’s Box at the roof of the world: Landscape, climate and avian influenza (H5N1)

Canavan, Barbara C

Acta tropica. 2019 Aug., v. 196

2019

Abstract	The purpose of this case study is to examine how environmental disruption and agricultural practices act synergistically to create a perfect storm for the spread of avian influenza. Actors in this case study include the vast permafrost landscape of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; a wild goose that migrates over the Himalayas; the highest altitude railway in the world that traverses the plateau into Tibet; and an avian virus (H5N1). Commencing in 2001, tens of thousands of railway workers travelled to remote regions of the plateau to work on the railway. In order to feed and shelter these workers, the Chinese government established captive-bred goose farms as a source of high protein food.Beginning in 2005 and continuing in subsequent years, Qinghai Lake was the scene for the unprecedented appearance of avian influenza among migratory geese. This was a key moment in the global spread of H5N1 to poultry on three continents. Remote sensing technology suggested an ecological pathway for the transfer of avian viruses among chickens, captive-bred geese, and wild geese.Within a region experiencing rapid climate change, Qinghai Lake is warming even faster than the global average. This may relate to the persistent outbreaks of avian flu strains from Qinghai during the past twelve years. Globally, exponential increases in bird flu outbreaks are not merely a matter of chance mutations in flu viruses but also a result of antecedent social and environmental factors. The Qinghai case study provides real-world examples that bring these factors into sharp focus.
Keywords	Orthomyxoviridae ; altitude ; avian influenza ; case studies ; chickens ; climate ; climate change ; farms ; geese ; lakes ; landscapes ; migratory behavior ; mutation ; permafrost ; railroads ; remote sensing ; social factors ; viruses ; China ; Himalayan region
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-08
Size	p. 93-101.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	210415-5
ISSN	1873-6254 ; 0001-706X
ISSN (online)	1873-6254
ISSN	0001-706X
DOI	10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.04.021
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Leiomyoma of the Bladder: A case report and review.

Scanlon, L / Canavan, J / Babiker, Z / Shilling, C / Daly, P / Cullen, I M

Irish medical journal

2023 Volume 116, Issue 6, Page(s) 792

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Urinary Bladder/diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Bladder/surgery ; Leiomyoma/diagnostic imaging ; Leiomyoma/surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-29
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193134-9
ISSN	0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
ISSN	0332-3102 ; 0021-129X
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Article ; Online: An audit on adherence to antimicrobial prescribing guidelines during Wave One of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Ali, S / Williams, R / Canavan, J / Hickey, C / Doyle, M

The Journal of hospital infection

2022 Volume 129, Page(s) 211–213

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; COVID-19 ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Infective Agents
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	779366-2
ISSN	1532-2939 ; 0195-6701
ISSN (online)	1532-2939
ISSN	0195-6701
DOI	10.1016/j.jhin.2022.06.019
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