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Article ; Online: Sensory Drive Modifies Brain Dynamics and the Temporal Integration Window.

Karvat, Golan / Ofir, Nir / Landau, Ayelet N

2023 Volume 36, Issue 4, Page(s) 614–631

Abstract: ... of light [Samaha, J., & Postle, B. R. The speed of alpha-band oscillations predicts the temporal resolution ...

Abstract	Perception is suggested to occur in discrete temporal windows, clocked by cycles of neural oscillations. An important testable prediction of this theory is that individuals' peak frequencies of oscillations should correlate with their ability to segregate the appearance of two successive stimuli. An influential study tested this prediction and showed that individual peak frequency of spontaneously occurring alpha (8-12 Hz) correlated with the temporal segregation threshold between two successive flashes of light [Samaha, J., & Postle, B. R. The speed of alpha-band oscillations predicts the temporal resolution of visual perception. Current Biology, 25, 2985-2990, 2015]. However, these findings were recently challenged [Buergers, S., & Noppeney, U. The role of alpha oscillations in temporal binding within and across the senses. Nature Human Behaviour, 6, 732-742, 2022]. To advance our understanding of the link between oscillations and temporal segregation, we devised a novel experimental approach. Rather than relying entirely on spontaneous brain dynamics, we presented a visual grating before the flash stimuli that is known to induce continuous oscillations in the gamma band (45-65 Hz). By manipulating the contrast of the grating, we found that high contrast induces a stronger gamma response and a shorter temporal segregation threshold, compared to low-contrast trials. In addition, we used a novel tool to characterize sustained oscillations and found that, for half of the participants, both the low- and high-contrast gratings were accompanied by a sustained and phase-locked alpha oscillation. These participants tended to have longer temporal segregation thresholds. Our results suggest that visual stimulus drive, reflected by oscillations in specific bands, is related to the temporal resolution of visual perception.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Brain/physiology ; Visual Perception/physiology ; Photic Stimulation/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1007410-7
ISSN	1530-8898 ; 0898-929X ; 1096-8857
ISSN (online)	1530-8898
ISSN	0898-929X ; 1096-8857
DOI	10.1162/jocn_a_02088
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Article: Validating Parallel-Forms Tests for Assessing Anesthesia Resident Knowledge.

Lee, Allison J / Goodman, Stephanie R / Bauer, Melissa E B / Minehart, Rebecca D / Banks, Shawn / Chen, Yi / Landau, Ruth L / Chatterji, Madhabi

Journal of medical education and curricular development

2024 Volume 11, Page(s) 23821205241229778

Abstract: We created a serious game to teach first year anesthesiology (CA-1) residents to perform general anesthesia for cesarean delivery. We aimed to investigate resident knowledge gains after playing the game and having received one of 2 modalities of ... ...

Abstract	We created a serious game to teach first year anesthesiology (CA-1) residents to perform general anesthesia for cesarean delivery. We aimed to investigate resident knowledge gains after playing the game and having received one of 2 modalities of debriefing. We report on the development and validation of scores from parallel test forms for criterion-referenced interpretations of resident knowledge. The test forms were intended for use as pre- and posttests for the experiment. Validation of instruments measuring the study's primary outcome was considered essential for adding rigor to the planned experiment, to be able to trust the study's results. Parallel, multiple-choice test forms development steps included: (1) assessment purpose and population specification; (2) content domain specification and writing/selection of items; (3) content validation by experts of paired items by topic and cognitive level; and (4) empirical validation of scores from the parallel test forms using Classical Test Theory (CTT) techniques. Field testing involved online administration of 52 shuffled items from both test forms to 24 CA-1's, 21 second-year anesthesiology (CA-2) residents, 2 fellows, 1 attending anesthesiologist, and 1 of unknown rank at 3 US institutions. Items from each form yielded near-normal score distributions, with similar medians, ranges, and standard deviations. Evaluations of CTT item difficulty (item p values) and discrimination (D) indices indicated that most items met assumptions of criterion-referenced test design, separating experienced from novice residents. Experienced residents performed better on overall domain scores than novices (
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2798123-X
ISSN	2382-1205
ISSN	2382-1205
DOI	10.1177/23821205241229778
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Article ; Online: The Clavatulidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations on fossil and extant Clavatulidae genera.

Harzhauser, Mathias / Landau, Bernard / Janssen, Ronald

Zootaxa

2022 Volume 5123, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–172

Abstract: We present a revision of the Clavatulidae gastropods of the Neogene of the Central and Eastern Paratethys seas. In total, 111 species level names have been used in the literature for Clavatulidae of the Paratethys Sea. After revision, we document 83 ... ...

Abstract	We present a revision of the Clavatulidae gastropods of the Neogene of the Central and Eastern Paratethys seas. In total, 111 species level names have been used in the literature for Clavatulidae of the Paratethys Sea. After revision, we document 83 species. Seventeen genus-level groups are recognized, of which eleven are formally described. Six species-groups cannot be clearly placed in a certain Clavatulidae genus. The presence of Clavatula, Perrona, Pusionella, Scaevatula and Tomellana in the Paratethyan assemblages documents a biogeographic relationship with extant Clavatulidae faunas from the tropical eastern Atlantic. No Indo-West Pacific influences were observed, as Paratethyan species previously placed in Turricula, which belongs within the Clavatulidae, do not belong within that genus. The Langhian (middle Miocene) diversity of 62 species is comparable to the number of extant species recorded from West Africa (~65 species), but displays a much higher diversity at genus level. This high biodiversity in Paratethyan assemblages suggests that the Central Paratethys was a major center of radiation for clavatulid gastropods, which is also expressed by a high endemicity of 98.8%. In contrast, the clavatulid diversity in the Eastern Paratethys was very low and stratigraphically restricted to the early Miocene Sakaraulian. Granulatocincta nov. gen., Megaclavatula nov. gen., Neoperrona nov. gen., Olegia nov. gen., Striopusionella nov. gen. are established as new genera. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., Clavatula irisae nov. sp., Tomellana dulaii nov. sp., Tomellana aueri nov. sp., Granulatocincta callim nov. sp., Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., Megaclavatula grunerti nov. sp., Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp., Neoperrona zoltanorum nov. sp., Olegia mandici nov. sp., Perrona koeberli nov. sp., Perrona loetschi nov. sp., Pusionella hofmanni nov. sp. are described as new species from the Miocene Paratethys, and Clavatula ariejansseni nov. sp., Clavatula atatuerki nov. sp. and Granulatocincta pelliscrocodili nov. sp., are described from the eastern Proto-Mediterranean Karaman Basin of Turkey. Clavatula jarzynkae nov. nom., Perrona grossi nov. nom., Perrona ilonae nov. nom. and Perrona wanzenboecki nov. nom. are introduced as new names for Clavatula auingeri Finlay, 1927 [non Hilber, 1879], Pleurotoma (Clavatula) auingeri Hilber, 1879 [non Hoernes, 1875], Clavatula vindobonensis nodosa Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1954 [non Bellardi, 1847] and Pleurotoma concinna Handmann, 1883 [non Scacchi, 1836] respectively. Clavatula kowalewskii Bauk, 2003, Clavatula letksensis Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1953, Pleurotoma aculeatum Eichwald, 1830, Pleurotoma subscalaris Handmann, 1882 and Pleurotoma (Clavatula) reginae Hoernes Auinger, 1891 are treated as junior subjective synonyms of Pleurotoma (Clavatula) antoniae Hoernes Auinger, 1891, Perrona emmae (Hoernes Auinger, 1879), Pleurotoma laevigata Eichwald, 1830, Pleurotoma schreibersi Hrnes, 1854 and Pleurotoma (Clavatula) apolloniae Hoernes Auinger, 1891 respectively.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biodiversity ; Fossils ; Gastropoda ; Magnoliopsida
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-30
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1175-5334
ISSN (online)	1175-5334
DOI	10.11646/zootaxa.5123.1.1
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Article ; Online: Opioid Use and Misuse in Pregnancy.

Shatil, Ben / Landau, Ruth

Clinics in perinatology

2020 Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 769–777

Abstract: The rate of pregnant women with an opioid use disorder has risen drastically in the past 20 years, paralleling that in the general population. Pregnancies associated with opioid use, abuse, or dependence have significantly higher rates of complications, ... ...

Abstract	The rate of pregnant women with an opioid use disorder has risen drastically in the past 20 years, paralleling that in the general population. Pregnancies associated with opioid use, abuse, or dependence have significantly higher rates of complications, such as neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, intrauterine growth restriction, neural tube defects, stillbirth, increased maternal mortality, greater postpartum pain, and longer inpatient stays. Patient education about the risks and benefits of multimodal analgesia and empowering shared decision making may help curb the opioid epidemic. Tailoring pain management to individual needs might be the solution to the problem.
MeSH term(s)	Acetaminophen/therapeutic use ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/therapeutic use ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use ; Breakthrough Pain/drug therapy ; Breast Feeding ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gastroschisis/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Small for Gestational Age ; Lactation ; Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome/epidemiology ; Opiate Substitution Treatment/methods ; Opioid-Related Disorders/therapy ; Pain/drug therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy ; Premature Birth/epidemiology ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthetics, Local ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Acetaminophen (362O9ITL9D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	193116-7
ISSN	1557-9840 ; 0095-5108
ISSN (online)	1557-9840
ISSN	0095-5108
DOI	10.1016/j.clp.2020.08.004
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Article ; Online: Analysis of Twitter conversations in obstetric anesthesiology using the hashtag #OBAnes during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Robinson, A / George, R B / Lim, G / Landau, R / Mariano, E R / Kou, A / Sharpe, E E

International journal of obstetric anesthesia

2023 Volume 56, Page(s) 103918

Abstract: Background: #OBAnes is the most used hashtag in obstetric anesthesiology. The primary objective of the study was to characterize #OBAnes tweets at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.: Methods: Observational study of all tweets using #OBAnes between ... ...

Abstract	Background: #OBAnes is the most used hashtag in obstetric anesthesiology. The primary objective of the study was to characterize #OBAnes tweets at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Observational study of all tweets using #OBAnes between June 30, 2019 and October 19, 2020. A list of 19 topics was compiled to categorize each tweet. All Twitter users were manually assigned into one of 19 Symplur Healthcare Stakeholder categories. Results: There were 12 431 tweets with #OBAnes during the study period, posted by 1704 unique users. The top user category was Doctor (n = 1211, 71%) with 9665 (78%) tweets. The top three topics identified within Twitter conversations were neuraxial anesthesia, COVID-19, and general anesthesia. Conclusions: Twitter facilitated thousands of obstetric anesthesia-related discussions during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with most conversations centering on anesthesia type (neuraxial or general anesthesia).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Anesthesiology ; Social Media ; Pandemics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1086024-1
ISSN	1532-3374 ; 0959-289X
ISSN (online)	1532-3374
ISSN	0959-289X
DOI	10.1016/j.ijoa.2023.103918
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Article ; Online: Association between opioid use after intrapartum cesarean delivery and repeat cesarean delivery: a retrospective cohort study.

Shatil, B S / Daoud, B / Guglielminotti, J / Landau, R

International journal of obstetric anesthesia

2020 Volume 42, Page(s) 120–122

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Cesarean Section ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1086024-1
ISSN	1532-3374 ; 0959-289X
ISSN (online)	1532-3374
ISSN	0959-289X
DOI	10.1016/j.ijoa.2020.02.002
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Article ; Online: Utilization and Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Obstetric Patients in the United States, 1999-2014: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Taha, Bushra / Guglielminotti, Jean / Li, Guohua / Landau, Ruth

Anesthesia and analgesia

2021 Volume 135, Issue 2, Page(s) 268–276

Abstract: Background: Utilization of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for adult critically ill patients is increasing, but data in obstetric cohorts are scant. This study analyzed ECMO utilization and maternal outcomes in obstetric patients in the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Utilization of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for adult critically ill patients is increasing, but data in obstetric cohorts are scant. This study analyzed ECMO utilization and maternal outcomes in obstetric patients in the United States. Methods: Data were abstracted from the 1999-2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), a 20% US national representative sample. ECMO hospitalizations (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM] code 39.65) in patients ≥15 years of age were categorized into obstetric ECMO and nonobstetric ECMO. Obstetric patients included 4 categories: (1) loss or termination of pregnancy, (2) delivery (term or preterm), (3) postdelivery hospitalization, and (4) pregnancy without an obstetrical outcome. Possible underlying causes for obstetric ECMO were identified by analysis of ICD-9-CM codes in individual records. In-hospital death was abstracted from the NIS, and ECMO complications were identified using ICD-9-CM algorithms. Statistical significance in time-effect was assessed using weighted regression models. Results: During the 16-year study period, 20,454 adult ECMO cases were identified, of which 331 occurred in obstetric patients (1.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-1.8). Obstetric ECMO utilization rate was 4.7 per million obstetric discharges (95% CI, 4.2-5.2). The top 3 possible indications were sepsis (22.1%), cardiomyopathy (16.6%), and aspiration pneumonia (9.7%). Obstetric ECMO utilization rate increased significantly during the study period from 1.1 per million obstetric discharges in 1999-2002 (95% CI, 0.6-1.7) to 11.2 in 2011-2014 (95% CI, 9.6-12.9), corresponding to a 144.7% increase per 4-year period (95% CI, 115.3-178.1). Compared with nonobstetric ECMO, obstetric ECMO was associated with decreased in-hospital all-cause mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66-0.93). In-hospital all-cause mortality for obstetric ECMO decreased from 73.7% in 1999-2002 (95% CI, 48.8-90.8) to 31.9% in 2011-2014 (95% CI, 25.2-39.1), corresponding to a 26.1% decrease per 4-year period (95% CI, 10.1-39.3). Compared with nonobstetric ECMO, obstetric ECMO was associated with significantly increased risk of both venous thromboembolism without associated pulmonary embolism (aOR 1.83; 95% CI, 1.06-3.15) and of nontraumatic hemoperitoneum (aOR 4.32; 95% CI, 2.41-7.74). Conclusions: During the study period, obstetric ECMO utilization has increased significantly and maternal prognosis improved.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/adverse effects ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80032-6
ISSN	1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
ISSN (online)	1526-7598
ISSN	0003-2999
DOI	10.1213/ANE.0000000000005753
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Article ; Online: Home Care Clinicians' Perspectives on Advance Care Planning for Patients at Risk for Becoming Incapacitated With No Evident Advance Directives or Surrogates.

Landau, Aviv Y / Venkatram, Chinmayi / Song, Jiyoun / Topaz, Maxim / Klitzman, Robert / Shang, Jingjing / Stone, Patricia / McDonald, Margaret / Cohen, Bevin

Journal of hospice and palliative nursing : JHPN : the official journal of the Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association

2024 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 74–81

Abstract: Advance care planning is important and timely for patients receiving home health services; however, opportunities to facilitate awareness and engagement in this setting are often missed. This qualitative descriptive study elicited perspectives of home ... ...

Abstract	Advance care planning is important and timely for patients receiving home health services; however, opportunities to facilitate awareness and engagement in this setting are often missed. This qualitative descriptive study elicited perspectives of home health nurses and social workers regarding barriers and facilitators to creating advance care plans in home health settings, with particular attention to patients with few familial or social contacts who can serve as surrogate decision-makers. We interviewed 15 clinicians employed in a large New York City-based home care agency in 2021-2022. Participants reported a multitude of barriers to supporting patients with advance care planning at the provider level (eg, lack of time and professional education, deferment, discomfort), patient level (lack of knowledge, mistrust, inadequate support, deferment, language barriers), and system level (eg, discontinuity of care, variations in advance care planning documents, legal concerns, lack of institutional protocols and centralized information). Participants noted that greater socialization and connection to existing educational resources regarding the intended purpose, scope, and applicability of advance directives could benefit home care patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Advance Care Planning ; Advance Directives ; Home Care Services ; New York City
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2070862-2
ISSN	1539-0705 ; 1522-2179
ISSN (online)	1539-0705
ISSN	1522-2179
DOI	10.1097/NJH.0000000000000998
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Article ; Online: Where word and world meet: Language and vision share an abstract representation of symmetry.

Hafri, Alon / Gleitman, Lila R / Landau, Barbara / Trueswell, John C

Journal of experimental psychology. General

2022 Volume 152, Issue 2, Page(s) 509–527

Abstract: Symmetry is ubiquitous in nature, in logic and mathematics, and in perception, language, and thought. Although humans are exquisitely sensitive to visual symmetry (e.g., of a butterfly), symmetry in natural language goes beyond visuospatial properties: ... ...

Abstract	Symmetry is ubiquitous in nature, in logic and mathematics, and in perception, language, and thought. Although humans are exquisitely sensitive to visual symmetry (e.g., of a butterfly), symmetry in natural language goes beyond visuospatial properties: many words point to abstract concepts with symmetrical content (e.g.,
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Language ; Sign Language ; Linguistics ; Cognition ; Concept Formation
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189732-9
ISSN	1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
ISSN (online)	1939-2222
ISSN	0096-3445
DOI	10.1037/xge0001283
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Article ; Online: Intrathecal 2-Chloroprocaine 3% Versus Hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.75% for Cervical Cerclage: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Lee, Allison / Shatil, Ben / Landau, Ruth / Menon, Prahlad / Smiley, Richard

Anesthesia and analgesia

2021 Volume 134, Issue 3, Page(s) 624–632

Abstract: Background: Cervical cerclage is a short ambulatory procedure. For spinal anesthesia, local anesthetic agents with rapid postoperative resolution are desired. We hypothesized that in combination with fentanyl, intrathecal 2-chloroprocaine would produce ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cervical cerclage is a short ambulatory procedure. For spinal anesthesia, local anesthetic agents with rapid postoperative resolution are desired. We hypothesized that in combination with fentanyl, intrathecal 2-chloroprocaine would produce earlier resolution of motor block, resulting in shorter time to meet recovery room discharge criteria than hyperbaric bupivacaine. Methods: Women undergoing cervical cerclage with spinal anesthesia were randomized to receive intrathecal 2-chloroprocaine 3% 50 mg or hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.75% 9 mg, both with fentanyl 15 µg. Doses were empirically selected. The onset and resolution of sensory and motor blockade and time to achieve recovery room discharge criteria were monitored. On postoperative day 1, patients rated their satisfaction with the anesthetic and reported on transient neurologic symptoms (TNS), back pain, or headache. The primary outcome was time from spinal injection to motor block resolution. The main secondary outcomes included times from spinal injection to (i) T12 dermatomal level, (ii) sensory block resolution, and (iii) ability to ambulate and void. Results: Forty-three women were enrolled and randomized to either the chloroprocaine (N = 23) or bupivacaine group (N = 20). The mean (standard deviation [SD]) duration of surgery was 35.3 (11.4) minutes. There was no difference between groups for time to motor block resolution-the median [interquartile range] time for the bupivacaine group (N = 17) was 112 [97-143] minutes versus 109 [88-148] minutes in the chloroprocaine group (N = 22), P = .66, but there was a significant difference in median time to sensory block resolution: 143 [116-162] minutes in the chloroprocaine group versus 198 [152-263] minutes in the bupivacaine group, P = .002. The recovery room discharge criteria, which at our institution include the ability to ambulate unassisted and void urine, were met 76 (95% CI, 33-145) minutes earlier in the chloroprocaine group, P < .0005. One complete block failure occurred with hyperbaric bupivacaine and 2 subjects in each group received treatment for intraoperative discomfort. No patients reported TNS. Conclusions: Intrathecal 2-chloropocaine 3% provided similarly effective surgical anesthesia for cerclage placement. Although no difference in time to motor block resolution between groups was observed, the time to sensory block resolution and time to meet recovery room discharge criteria were both significantly shorter among patients who received chloroprocaine than patients who received bupivacaine. Future studies are needed to identify and compare equipotent doses of chloroprocaine and bupivacaine to confirm the superiority of chloroprocaine for this ambulatory obstetric procedure.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ; Anesthesia, Spinal/methods ; Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage ; Bupivacaine/administration & dosage ; Cerclage, Cervical/methods ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/methods ; Humans ; Injections, Spinal ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Block ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Procaine/administration & dosage ; Procaine/analogs & derivatives ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Local ; Procaine (4Z8Y51M438) ; chloroprocaine (5YVB0POT2H) ; Bupivacaine (Y8335394RO)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	80032-6
ISSN	1526-7598 ; 0003-2999
ISSN (online)	1526-7598
ISSN	0003-2999
DOI	10.1213/ANE.0000000000005653
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