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  1. Article ; Online: Methylprednisolone for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Was Benjamin Rush Prescient?

    Lennox, Jeffrey L

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2020  Volume 72, Issue 9, Page(s) e382–e383

    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19 ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Methylprednisolone ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Methylprednisolone (X4W7ZR7023)
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciaa1262
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Methylprednisolone for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

    Lennox, Jeffrey L

    Clinical Infectious Diseases ; ISSN 1058-4838 1537-6591

    Was Benjamin Rush Prescient?

    2020  

    Keywords Microbiology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publishing country uk
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciaa1262
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: The use of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors in antiretroviral naive patients.

    Lennox, Jeffrey L

    Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

    2012  Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 409–414

    Abstract: Purpose of review: In this review we will discuss recent findings on the use of inhibitors of the HIV-1 integrase enzyme for the treatment of antiretroviral naive patients. We will also discuss differences between integrase inhibitors, and comment on ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: In this review we will discuss recent findings on the use of inhibitors of the HIV-1 integrase enzyme for the treatment of antiretroviral naive patients. We will also discuss differences between integrase inhibitors, and comment on the use of this class of drugs in the future.
    Recent findings: Raltegravir when taken twice daily is as effective and well tolerated as efavirenz. Once daily dosing of raltegravir is virologically inferior to raltegravir taken twice daily. A novel nucleoside-free regimen of raltegravir in combination with a once daily ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor did not produce adequate viral suppression, although raltegravir with a twice daily protease inhibitor yielded better results. Subset analyses have demonstrated a favorable impact of raltegravir on lipid levels and body fat composition. Two once daily integrase inhibitors not yet Food and Drug Administration-approved, elvitegravir and dolutegravir, have completed phase-2 testing and are also virologically noninferior to efavirenz.
    Summary: Integrase inhibitors provide potent antiretroviral activity, little short-term toxicity and excellent tolerability. For patients with preexisting atherosclerosis or cardiac risk factors this class of therapy is a logical preferred treatment choice. Raltegravir is a preferred option for those in whom therapy for hepatitis C virus infection is anticipated.
    MeSH term(s) Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/methods ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Coinfection/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Integrase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Oxazines ; Piperazines ; Pyridones ; Pyrrolidinones/therapeutic use ; Quinolones/therapeutic use ; Raltegravir Potassium ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances HIV Integrase Inhibitors ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ; Oxazines ; Piperazines ; Pyridones ; Pyrrolidinones ; Quinolones ; Raltegravir Potassium (43Y000U234) ; elvitegravir (4GDQ854U53) ; dolutegravir (DKO1W9H7M1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2502511-9
    ISSN 1746-6318 ; 1746-630X
    ISSN (online) 1746-6318
    ISSN 1746-630X
    DOI 10.1097/COH.0b013e3283562a27
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Lymphocyte Count Derived Polygenic Score and Interindividual Variability in CD4 T-cell Recovery in Response to Antiretroviral Therapy.

    Cardone, Kathleen M / Dudek, Scott / Keat, Karl / Bradford, Yuki / Cindi, Zinhle / Daar, Eric S / Gulick, Roy / Riddler, Sharon A / Lennox, Jeffrey L / Sinxadi, Phumla / Haas, David W / Ritchie, Marylyn D

    Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing

    2023  Volume 29, Page(s) 594–610

    Abstract: Access to safe and effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a cornerstone in the global response to the HIV pandemic. Among people living with HIV, there is considerable interindividual variability in absolute CD4 T-cell recovery following initiation of ...

    Abstract Access to safe and effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a cornerstone in the global response to the HIV pandemic. Among people living with HIV, there is considerable interindividual variability in absolute CD4 T-cell recovery following initiation of virally suppressive ART. The contribution of host genetics to this variability is not well understood. We explored the contribution of a polygenic score which was derived from large, publicly available summary statistics for absolute lymphocyte count from individuals in the general population (PGSlymph) due to a lack of publicly available summary statistics for CD4 T-cell count. We explored associations with baseline CD4 T-cell count prior to ART initiation (n=4959) and change from baseline to week 48 on ART (n=3274) among treatment-naïve participants in prospective, randomized ART studies of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. We separately examined an African-ancestry-derived and a European-ancestry-derived PGSlymph, and evaluated their performance across all participants, and also in the African and European ancestral groups separately. Multivariate models that included PGSlymph, baseline plasma HIV-1 RNA, age, sex, and 15 principal components (PCs) of genetic similarity explained ∼26-27% of variability in baseline CD4 T-cell count, but PGSlymph accounted for <1% of this variability. Models that also included baseline CD4 T-cell count explained ∼7-9% of variability in CD4 T-cell count increase on ART, but PGSlymph accounted for <1% of this variability. In univariate analyses, PGSlymph was not significantly associated with baseline or change in CD4 T-cell count. Among individuals of African ancestry, the African PGSlymph term in the multivariate model was significantly associated with change in CD4 T-cell count while not significant in the univariate model. When applied to lymphocyte count in a general medical biobank population (Penn Medicine BioBank), PGSlymph explained ∼6-10% of variability in multivariate models (including age, sex, and PCs) but only ∼1% in univariate models. In summary, a lymphocyte count PGS derived from the general population was not consistently associated with CD4 T-cell recovery on ART. Nonetheless, adjusting for clinical covariates is quite important when estimating such polygenic effects.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Prospective Studies ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; Computational Biology ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/genetics ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Viral Load
    Chemical Substances Anti-HIV Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2335-6936
    ISSN (online) 2335-6936
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Three nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-sparing antiretroviral regimens for treatment-naive volunteers infected with HIV-1.

    Lennox, Jeffrey L / Landovitz, Raphael J / Ribaudo, Heather J

    Annals of internal medicine

    2015  Volume 162, Issue 6, Page(s) 461–462

    MeSH term(s) Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Male
    Chemical Substances HIV Protease Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/L15-5066-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Tissue specificity-aware TWAS (TSA-TWAS) framework identifies novel associations with metabolic, immunologic, and virologic traits in HIV-positive adults.

    Li, Binglan / Veturi, Yogasudha / Verma, Anurag / Bradford, Yuki / Daar, Eric S / Gulick, Roy M / Riddler, Sharon A / Robbins, Gregory K / Lennox, Jeffrey L / Haas, David W / Ritchie, Marylyn D

    PLoS genetics

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) e1009464

    Abstract: As a type of relatively new methodology, the transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) has gained interest due to capacity for gene-level association testing. However, the development of TWAS has outpaced statistical evaluation of TWAS gene ... ...

    Abstract As a type of relatively new methodology, the transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) has gained interest due to capacity for gene-level association testing. However, the development of TWAS has outpaced statistical evaluation of TWAS gene prioritization performance. Current TWAS methods vary in underlying biological assumptions about tissue specificity of transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. In a previous study from our group, this may have affected whether TWAS methods better identified associations in single tissues versus multiple tissues. We therefore designed simulation analyses to examine how the interplay between particular TWAS methods and tissue specificity of gene expression affects power and type I error rates for gene prioritization. We found that cross-tissue identification of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) improved TWAS power. Single-tissue TWAS (i.e., PrediXcan) had robust power to identify genes expressed in single tissues, but, often found significant associations in the wrong tissues as well (therefore had high false positive rates). Cross-tissue TWAS (i.e., UTMOST) had overall equal or greater power and controlled type I error rates for genes expressed in multiple tissues. Based on these simulation results, we applied a tissue specificity-aware TWAS (TSA-TWAS) analytic framework to look for gene-based associations with pre-treatment laboratory values from AIDS Clinical Trial Group (ACTG) studies. We replicated several proof-of-concept transcriptionally regulated gene-trait associations, including UGT1A1 (encoding bilirubin uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase enzyme) and total bilirubin levels (p = 3.59×10-12), and CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 4.49×10-12). We also identified several novel genes associated with metabolic and virologic traits, as well as pleiotropic genes that linked plasma viral load, absolute basophil count, and/or triglyceride levels. By highlighting the advantages of different TWAS methods, our simulation study promotes a tissue specificity-aware TWAS analytic framework that revealed novel aspects of HIV-related traits.
    MeSH term(s) Computer Simulation ; Gene Expression Regulation/genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Organ Specificity/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics ; Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics ; Transcriptome/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2186725-2
    ISSN 1553-7404 ; 1553-7390
    ISSN (online) 1553-7404
    ISSN 1553-7390
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009464
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Measurement of Human Immunodeficiency Virus p24 Antigen in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid With Digital Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Association With Decreased Neuropsychological Performance.

    Anderson, Albert M / Tyor, William R / Mulligan, Mark J / Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna / Lennox, Jeffrey L / Letendre, Scott L

    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

    2018  Volume 67, Issue 1, Page(s) 137–140

    Abstract: New tools are needed to understand human immunodeficiency virus central nervous system involvement. Testing 15 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples for p24 antigen, using a high-sensitivity assay, we found a strong correlation trend between CSF p24 ... ...

    Abstract New tools are needed to understand human immunodeficiency virus central nervous system involvement. Testing 15 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples for p24 antigen, using a high-sensitivity assay, we found a strong correlation trend between CSF p24 concentration and worse neuropsychological performance.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; HIV Core Protein p24/cerebrospinal fluid ; HIV Infections/cerebrospinal fluid ; HIV Infections/complications ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV-1/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis ; Neurocognitive Disorders/etiology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; RNA, Viral/blood ; RNA, Viral/cerebrospinal fluid
    Chemical Substances HIV Core Protein p24 ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1099781-7
    ISSN 1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
    ISSN (online) 1537-6591
    ISSN 1058-4838
    DOI 10.1093/cid/ciy056
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Distinct cellular immune properties in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with cognition in HIV-infected individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy.

    Amundson, Beret / Lai, Lillin / Mulligan, Mark J / Xu, Yong / Zheng, Zidou / Kundu, Suprateek / Lennox, Jeffrey L / Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna / Franklin, Donald / Swaims-Kohlmeier, Alison / Letendre, Scott L / Anderson, Albert M

    Journal of neuroimmunology

    2020  Volume 344, Page(s) 577246

    Abstract: We examined the relationship between CSF immune cells and neurocognition and neuronal damage in HIV+ individuals before and after initiating antiretroviral therapy. Multivariate analysis at baseline indicated that greater CD4+ T cell abundance was ... ...

    Abstract We examined the relationship between CSF immune cells and neurocognition and neuronal damage in HIV+ individuals before and after initiating antiretroviral therapy. Multivariate analysis at baseline indicated that greater CD4+ T cell abundance was associated with better cognition (p = .017), while higher CSF HIV RNA was associated with increased neuronal damage (p = .014). Following 24 weeks of antiretroviral therapy, CD8+ T cells, HLA-DR expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and non-classical monocyte percentage decreased in CSF. Female gender was negatively associated with cognitive performance over time, as was higher percentage of HLA-DR expressing CD8+ T cells at baseline.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/methods ; Cognition/drug effects ; Cognition/physiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; HIV Infections/cerebrospinal fluid ; HIV Infections/drug therapy ; HIV Infections/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular/drug effects ; Immunity, Cellular/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Viral Load/drug effects ; Viral Load/immunology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 8335-5
    ISSN 1872-8421 ; 0165-5728
    ISSN (online) 1872-8421
    ISSN 0165-5728
    DOI 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577246
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Antiretroviral therapy: when to start and which drugs to use.

    Anderson, Albert M / Lennox, Jeffrey L

    Current infectious disease reports

    2008  Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) 332–339

    Abstract: US guidelines for treating HIV infection now advocate antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all HIV-infected patients who have CD4(+) T-cell counts less than 350 cells/muL. Treatment is recommended for all pregnant women and patients with AIDS-defining ... ...

    Abstract US guidelines for treating HIV infection now advocate antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all HIV-infected patients who have CD4(+) T-cell counts less than 350 cells/muL. Treatment is recommended for all pregnant women and patients with AIDS-defining illnesses. At least one major guideline recommends ART for all patients with HIV--associated symptoms. Current first-line treatment for ART-naïve individuals consists of a combination of three agents: two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors plus either one ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor or one nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Although first-line therapies for HIV-infection provide excellent rates of virologic control, ART toxicities remain a challenge.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-09-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019948-X
    ISSN 1534-3146 ; 1523-3847
    ISSN (online) 1534-3146
    ISSN 1523-3847
    DOI 10.1007/s11908-008-0053-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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