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  1. Article ; Online: R

    Yao, Qi / Lin, Yi

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision

    2018  Volume 35, Issue 10, Page(s) 1730–1734

    Abstract: Scotopic/photopic ratio (S/P ratio, or R ...

    Abstract Scotopic/photopic ratio (S/P ratio, or R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 283633-6
    ISSN 1520-8532 ; 1084-7529 ; 0740-3232
    ISSN (online) 1520-8532
    ISSN 1084-7529 ; 0740-3232
    DOI 10.1364/JOSAA.35.001730
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.B 2689: Show issues Location:
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  2. Book ; Online: R-Tuning

    Zhang, Hanning / Diao, Shizhe / Lin, Yong / Fung, Yi R. / Lian, Qing / Wang, Xingyao / Chen, Yangyi / Ji, Heng / Zhang, Tong

    Teaching Large Language Models to Refuse Unknown Questions

    2023  

    Abstract: ... Instruction Tuning (R-Tuning). This approach is formalized by first identifying the knowledge gap between ... github.com/shizhediao/R-Tuning. ... Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures ...

    Abstract Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized numerous domains with their impressive performance but still face their challenges. A predominant issue is the propensity for these models to generate non-existent facts, a concern termed hallucination. Our research is motivated by the observation that previous instruction tuning methods force the model to complete a sentence no matter whether the model knows the knowledge or not. When the question is out of the parametric knowledge, it will try to make up something and fail to indicate when it lacks knowledge. In this paper, we present a new approach called Refusal-Aware Instruction Tuning (R-Tuning). This approach is formalized by first identifying the knowledge gap between parametric knowledge and the instruction tuning data. Then, we construct the refusal-aware data based on the knowledge intersection, to tune LLMs to refrain from responding to questions beyond its parametric knowledge. Experimental results demonstrate this new instruction tuning approach effectively improves a model's ability to answer known questions and refrain from answering unknown questions. Furthermore, when tested on out-of-domain datasets, the refusal ability was found to be a meta-skill that could be generalized to other tasks. Further analysis surprisingly finds that learning the uncertainty during training displays a better ability to estimate uncertainty than uncertainty-based testing. Our code will be released at https://github.com/shizhediao/R-Tuning.

    Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 004
    Publishing date 2023-11-16
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: A CAR-T response prediction model for r/r B-NHL patients based on a T cell subset nomogram.

    Zhang, Xiaomei / Sun, Rui / Zhang, Meng / Zhao, Yifan / Cao, Xinping / Guo, Ruiting / Zhang, Yi / Liu, Xingzhong / Lyu, Cuicui / Zhao, Mingfeng

    Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII

    2024  Volume 73, Issue 2, Page(s) 33

    Abstract: Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for refractory or relapsed (r/r) B cell no ... influencing factors of the efficacy of CD19 CAR-T cell infusion in the treatment of r/r B-NHL and to establish ... an early prediction model.: Methods: A total of 43 r/r B-NHL patients were enrolled ...

    Abstract Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for refractory or relapsed (r/r) B cell no-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients have shown promising clinical effectiveness. However, the factors impacting the clinical response of CAR-T therapy have not been fully elucidated. We here investigate the independent influencing factors of the efficacy of CD19 CAR-T cell infusion in the treatment of r/r B-NHL and to establish an early prediction model.
    Methods: A total of 43 r/r B-NHL patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. The patients' general data were recorded, and the primary endpoint is the patients' treatment response. The independent factors of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) were investigated by univariate and binary logistic regression analysis, and the prediction model of the probability of CR was constructed according to the determined independent factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration plot were used to assess the discrimination and calibration of the established model. Furthermore, we collected 15 participators to validate the model.
    Results: Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis of 43 patients showed that the ratio of central memory T cell (Tcm) and naïve T cell (Tn) in cytotoxic T cells (Tc) was an independent risk factor for response to CD19 CAR-T cell therapy in r/r B-NHL. On this basis, the area under the curve (AUC) of Tcm in the Tc and Tn in the Tc nomogram model was 0.914 (95%CI 0.832-0.996), the sensitivity was 83%, and the specificity was 74.2%, which had excellent predictive value. We did not found the difference of the progression-free survival (PFS).
    Conclusions: The ratio of Tcm and Tn in Tc was found to be able to predict the treatment response of CD19 CAR-T cells in r/r B-NHL. We have established a nomogram model for the assessment of the CD19 CAR-T therapy response presented high specificity and sensitivity.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; Antigens, CD19
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Chimeric Antigen ; Antigens, CD19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-27
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 195342-4
    ISSN 1432-0851 ; 0340-7004
    ISSN (online) 1432-0851
    ISSN 0340-7004
    DOI 10.1007/s00262-023-03618-w
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    Zs.A 1237: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  4. Article ; Online: Reply to R.V. Patel et al.

    Mori, Masanori / Lin, Cheng-Pei / Cheng, Shao-Yi / Suh, Sang-Yeon / Takenouchi, Sayaka / Ng, Raymond / Chan, Helen / Kim, Sun-Hyun / Chen, Ping-Jen / Yuen, Kwok Keung / Fujimori, Maiko / Yamaguchi, Takashi / Hamano, Jun / Kizawa, Yoshiyuki / Morita, Tatsuya / Martina, Diah

    JCO global oncology

    2023  Volume 9, Page(s) e2300293

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2687-8941
    ISSN (online) 2687-8941
    DOI 10.1200/GO.23.00293
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  5. Article ; Online: The Expression of LDL-R in CD8

    Wang, Y I / Hao, Ya-Nan / Shen, Mei-Ying / Han, Xiao-Jian / Wang, Ying-Ming / Chen, Si-Yin / Wang, Jun-Fan / Wang, Wang / Li, Ting-Ting / Jin, Ai-Shun

    In vivo (Athens, Greece)

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 6, Page(s) 2480–2489

    Abstract: ... the proportions of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and mTCR expressing cells under the various activation ... of T cells expressing LDL-R post activation is positively correlated with the percentage of mTCR ... Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the proportion of LDL-R ...

    Abstract Background/aim: The quantity and the phenotypes of desired T cell receptor engineered T (TCR-T) cells in the final cell product determine their in vivo anti-tumor efficacy. Optimization of key steps in the TCR-T cell production process, such as T cell activation, has been shown to improve cell quality.
    Materials and methods: Using a modified TCR (mTCR) derived from mice transducing PBMCs, we assessed the proportions of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and mTCR expressing cells under the various activation conditions of CD3/CD28-Dynabeads or OKT3 via flow cytometry.
    Results: We demonstrate that the proportion of T cells expressing LDL-R post activation is positively correlated with the percentage of mTCR
    Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the proportion of LDL-R
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; CD3 Complex ; CD28 Antigens/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Lymphocyte Activation
    Chemical Substances CD3 Complex ; CD28 Antigens ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-31
    Publishing country Greece
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 807031-3
    ISSN 1791-7549 ; 0258-851X
    ISSN (online) 1791-7549
    ISSN 0258-851X
    DOI 10.21873/invivo.13355
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    Zs.A 2288: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Sparse R-CNN: An End-to-End Framework for Object Detection.

    Sun, Peize / Zhang, Rufeng / Jiang, Yi / Kong, Tao / Xu, Chenfeng / Zhan, Wei / Tomizuka, Masayoshi / Yuan, Zehuan / Luo, Ping

    IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence

    2023  Volume 45, Issue 12, Page(s) 15650–15664

    Abstract: ... of an image feature map of size H×W. In this paper, we present Sparse R-CNN, a very simple and sparse method ... proposals, Sparse R-CNN makes all efforts related to object candidates design and one-to-many label ... assignment completely obsolete. More importantly, Sparse R-CNN directly outputs predictions without the non ...

    Abstract Object detection serves as one of most fundamental computer vision tasks. Existing works on object detection heavily rely on dense object candidates, such as k anchor boxes pre-defined on all grids of an image feature map of size H×W. In this paper, we present Sparse R-CNN, a very simple and sparse method for object detection in images. In our method, a fixed sparse set of learned object proposals ( N in total) are provided to the object recognition head to perform classification and localization. By replacing HWk (up to hundreds of thousands) hand-designed object candidates with N (e.g., 100) learnable proposals, Sparse R-CNN makes all efforts related to object candidates design and one-to-many label assignment completely obsolete. More importantly, Sparse R-CNN directly outputs predictions without the non-maximum suppression (NMS) post-processing procedure. Thus, it establishes an end-to-end object detection framework. Sparse R-CNN demonstrates highly competitive accuracy, run-time and training convergence performance with the well-established detector baselines on the challenging COCO dataset and CrowdHuman dataset. We hope that our work can inspire re-thinking the convention of dense prior in object detectors and designing new high-performance detectors.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1939-3539
    ISSN (online) 1939-3539
    DOI 10.1109/TPAMI.2023.3292030
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  7. Article ; Online: Integrated quantitative susceptibility and R

    Jafari, Ramin / Hectors, Stefanie J / Koehne de González, Anne K / Spincemaille, Pascal / Prince, Martin R / Brittenham, Gary M / Wang, Yi

    NMR in biomedicine

    2020  Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) e4412

    Abstract: ... sensitivities of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and R ...

    Abstract To develop a method for noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis, we investigated the differential sensitivities of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and R
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Logistic Models ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protons ; ROC Curve ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Protons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1000976-0
    ISSN 1099-1492 ; 0952-3480
    ISSN (online) 1099-1492
    ISSN 0952-3480
    DOI 10.1002/nbm.4412
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    Zs.A 2869: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Atrial high-rate episodes intensify R

    Li, Yi-Pan / Chen, Ju-Yi / Chen, Tse-Wei / Lu, Wei-Da

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 7640

    Abstract: ... The R ...

    Abstract Patients with device detected atrial high-rate episodes (AHRE) have an increased risk of MACE. The R
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Prognosis ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke/etiology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-34784-7
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  9. Article: SER: An R package to characterize environmental regimes.

    Wu, Naicheng / Guo, Kun / Zou, Yi / He, Fengzhi / Riis, Tenna

    Ecology and evolution

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) e9882

    Abstract: ... an R package for estimating environmental regimes for different environmental variables. Using the data ...

    Abstract Environmental regimes (or environmental legacy or historical legacy) are the dynamics of environmental characteristics over a given (either long or short) time period, such as frequency of mean or extreme events and rate of change, which might be absent by using only contemporary variables. We present SER, an R package for estimating environmental regimes for different environmental variables. Using the data included in the package, several examples are shown. SER is suitable for any type of environmental or biotic variables, including nutrient concentration, light, and dissolved oxygen. In addition, by changing the argument "days_bf," it is possible to compute environmental regimes over any time period, such as days, months, or years. Our case study showed that the inclusion of environmental regimes increased the explained variation of temporal β-diversity and its components. Environmental regimes are expected to advance the "environment-community" relationships in ecological studies. They can further be implemented in other subjects such as social science, socioeconomics, and epidemiology.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2635675-2
    ISSN 2045-7758
    ISSN 2045-7758
    DOI 10.1002/ece3.9882
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  10. Article ; Online: Anti-Aging Effects of R-Phycocyanin from

    Feng, Yanyu / Lu, Hanjin / Hu, Jiamiao / Zheng, Baodong / Zhang, Yi

    Marine drugs

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 8

    Abstract: ... In this study, R-phycocyanin (R-PC) was isolated from ...

    Abstract Aging has become a global public health challenge. Many studies have revealed that the excessive generation of ROS and oxidative stress could be the major causative factors contributing to aging. In this study, R-phycocyanin (R-PC) was isolated from
    MeSH term(s) Aging ; Animals ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; Phycocyanin/pharmacology ; Porphyra ; Reactive Oxygen Species
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Phycocyanin (11016-15-2) ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2175190-0
    ISSN 1660-3397 ; 1660-3397
    ISSN (online) 1660-3397
    ISSN 1660-3397
    DOI 10.3390/md20080468
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