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  1. Article: The genetic basis of adaptation to copper pollution in

    Everman, Elizabeth R / Macdonald, Stuart J / Kelly, John K

    Frontiers in genetics

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1144221

    Abstract: Introduction: ...

    Abstract Introduction:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606823-0
    ISSN 1664-8021
    ISSN 1664-8021
    DOI 10.3389/fgene.2023.1144221
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  2. Article ; Online: The Evolutionary Constraints on Angiosperm Chloroplast Adaptation.

    Robbins, Elizabeth H J / Kelly, Steven

    Genome biology and evolution

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 6

    Abstract: The chloroplast (plastid) arose via the endosymbiosis of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium by a nonphotosynthetic eukaryotic cell ∼1.5 billion years ago. Although the plastid underwent rapid evolution by genome reduction, its rate of molecular evolution is ...

    Abstract The chloroplast (plastid) arose via the endosymbiosis of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium by a nonphotosynthetic eukaryotic cell ∼1.5 billion years ago. Although the plastid underwent rapid evolution by genome reduction, its rate of molecular evolution is low and its genome organization is highly conserved. Here, we investigate the factors that have constrained the rate of molecular evolution of protein-coding genes in the plastid genome. Through phylogenomic analysis of 773 angiosperm plastid genomes, we show that there is substantial variation in the rate of molecular evolution between genes. We demonstrate that the distance of a plastid gene from the likely origin of replication influences the rate at which it has evolved, consistent with time and distance-dependent nucleotide mutation gradients. In addition, we show that the amino acid composition of a gene product constraints its substitution tolerance, limiting its mutation landscape and its corresponding rate of molecular evolution. Finally, we demonstrate that the mRNA abundance of a gene is a key factor in determining its rate of molecular evolution, suggesting an interaction between transcription and DNA repair in the plastid. Collectively, we show that the location, the composition, and the expression of a plastid gene can account for >50% of the variation in its rate of molecular evolution. Thus, these three factors have exerted a substantial limitation on the capacity for adaptive evolution in plastid-encoded genes and ultimately constrained the evolvability of the chloroplast.
    MeSH term(s) Magnoliopsida/genetics ; Chloroplasts/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genome ; Plastids/genetics ; Genome, Plastid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2495328-3
    ISSN 1759-6653 ; 1759-6653
    ISSN (online) 1759-6653
    ISSN 1759-6653
    DOI 10.1093/gbe/evad101
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  3. Article ; Online: Understanding the highs and lows of socioeconomic status.

    Erwin, Elizabeth A / Kelleher, Kelly J

    The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

    2022  Volume 149, Issue 5, Page(s) 1585–1586

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Social Class
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 121011-7
    ISSN 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
    ISSN (online) 1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
    ISSN 0091-6749
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.007
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  4. Article ; Online: Intersectionality in patients with cancer: who should care and why?

    Chen, J C / Pawlik, Timothy / Kelly, Elizabeth Palmer / Obeng-Gyasi, Samilia

    Future oncology (London, England)

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 38, Page(s) 4137–4140

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Intersectional Framework ; Social Justice ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Patients
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2274956-1
    ISSN 1744-8301 ; 1479-6694
    ISSN (online) 1744-8301
    ISSN 1479-6694
    DOI 10.2217/fon-2022-0992
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  5. Article ; Online: Building the neighborhood to improve health.

    Kelleher, Kelly J / Erwin, Elizabeth

    Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology

    2021  Volume 128, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–4

    MeSH term(s) Health Promotion ; Humans ; Residence Characteristics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1228189-x
    ISSN 1534-4436 ; 0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
    ISSN (online) 1534-4436
    ISSN 0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
    DOI 10.1016/j.anai.2021.09.008
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    Uh III Zs.136: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Altered sleep architecture in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.

    Gardner, Kelly J / Wang, Wei / Klerman, Elizabeth B

    American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics

    2023  Volume 193, Issue 4, Page(s) e32073

    Abstract: Objective: Children with Down syndrome (DS) may experience changes in sleep architecture (i.e., different sleep stages) that then affect waketime functioning, including learning, mood, and disruptive behavior. For designing and testing interventions, it ...

    Abstract Objective: Children with Down syndrome (DS) may experience changes in sleep architecture (i.e., different sleep stages) that then affect waketime functioning, including learning, mood, and disruptive behavior. For designing and testing interventions, it is important to document any differences in sleep architecture in children with DS with and without co-occurring diagnoses, including neuropsychiatric diagnoses and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
    Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed at Massachusetts General Hospital for children and adolescents with DS who underwent polysomnography (PSG) between August 2016 and July 2022. Patient data collected from the electronic medical record included diagnoses, age at PSG, and PSG report. Statistical analysis included unpaired T tests to test hypotheses about differences in sleep architecture within age groups, and differences between children with DS and a co-occurring diagnosis. One way ANOVA was used to determine statistical significance of OSA severity within patients with DS.
    Results: When compared by age group, those with DS had negative changes in sleep architecture (e.g., less sleep and more wake) when compared to normative data. Within this cohort, having a co-occurring diagnosis of autism resulted in further, negative effects on sleep architecture. 89% of those with DS had diagnosed OSA but only those with severe OSA experienced negative effects on sleep architecture.
    Conclusion: Age is an important covariate when studying the sleep of children with DS and neurotypical children. Studies are needed to test whether minimizing the observed differences in sleep architecture will translate to improved learning, mood, and behavioral outcomes, and how treating OSA affects sleep architecture.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Down Syndrome/complications ; Down Syndrome/diagnosis ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/etiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis ; Polysomnography ; Sleep
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2108622-9
    ISSN 1552-4876 ; 0148-7299 ; 1552-4868
    ISSN (online) 1552-4876
    ISSN 0148-7299 ; 1552-4868
    DOI 10.1002/ajmg.c.32073
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1376/C: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Influence of social determinants of health on breastfeeding intent in the United States.

    Kopp, Sarah J / Kelly, Elizabeth A / DeFranco, Emily A

    Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)

    2023  Volume 50, Issue 4, Page(s) 858–867

    Abstract: Background: Breastfeeding rates in the United States are suboptimal despite public health recommendations that infants are fed breastmilk for their first year of life. This study aimed to characterize the influence of social determinants of health on ... ...

    Abstract Background: Breastfeeding rates in the United States are suboptimal despite public health recommendations that infants are fed breastmilk for their first year of life. This study aimed to characterize the influence of social determinants of health on intended breastfeeding duration.
    Methods: This case-control study analyzed breastfeeding intent in 421 postpartum women. Data on social determinants and medical history were obtained from medical records and participant self-report. Logistic regression estimated the influence of demographic factors and social determinants on intent to breastfeed for durations of <6 months, 6-12 months, and at least 1 year.
    Results: Thirty-five percent of mothers intended to breastfeed for at least 6 months, and 15% for 1 year. Social determinants that negatively predicted breastfeeding intent included not owning transportation and living in a dangerous neighborhood (p < 0.05). Women were more likely to intend to breastfeed for 12 months if they had knowledge of breastfeeding recommendations (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.19, 95% confidence interval [CI 2.67-14.34]), an identifiable medical provider (aOR 2.64 [CI 1.22-5.72]), familial support (aOR 2.80 [CI 1.01-7.80]), or were married (aOR 2.55 [CI 1.01-6.46]). Sociodemographic factors that negatively influenced breastfeeding intent included non-Hispanic Black race, no high school diploma, cigarette use, income below $20,000, fewer than five prenatal visits, and WIC or Medicaid enrollment (p < 0.05).
    Conclusions: Women who lack familial support, an identifiable healthcare provider, or knowledge of breastfeeding guidelines are less likely to intend to breastfeed. Public health initiatives should address these determinants to improve breastfeeding and infant outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; United States ; Breast Feeding ; Social Determinants of Health ; Case-Control Studies ; Mothers ; Prenatal Care
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604869-9
    ISSN 1523-536X ; 0730-7659
    ISSN (online) 1523-536X
    ISSN 0730-7659
    DOI 10.1111/birt.12740
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    Zs.B 2442: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Outbreak of anthrax in livestock with human occupational exposures - Minnesota, 2023.

    Schenk, Kelly Elizabeth / Cornille, K / Cater, J / Vieira, A R / Holzbauer, S / Bye, M / Scheftel, J

    Journal of agromedicine

    2024  , Page(s) 1–4

    Abstract: In July 2023, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) was notified of possible occupational exposures to anthrax during an outbreak in animals. In consultation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MDH epidemiologists created a ... ...

    Abstract In July 2023, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) was notified of possible occupational exposures to anthrax during an outbreak in animals. In consultation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MDH epidemiologists created a questionnaire that assessed exposure risks and helped determine individual illness monitoring and antibiotic post-exposure prophylaxis needs. This investigation and the resources developed for it could be useful in future scenarios where there are occupational exposures to naturally occurring anthrax.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1289325-0
    ISSN 1545-0813 ; 1059-924X
    ISSN (online) 1545-0813
    ISSN 1059-924X
    DOI 10.1080/1059924X.2024.2306835
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  9. Article ; Online: Airborne Exposure to Pollutants and Mental Health: A Review with Implications for United States Veterans.

    Hoisington, Andrew J / Stearns-Yoder, Kelly A / Kovacs, Elizabeth J / Postolache, Teodor T / Brenner, Lisa A

    Current environmental health reports

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Inhalation of airborne pollutants in the natural and built environment is ubiquitous; yet, exposures are different across a lifespan and unique to individuals. Here, we reviewed the connections between mental health outcomes from ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Inhalation of airborne pollutants in the natural and built environment is ubiquitous; yet, exposures are different across a lifespan and unique to individuals. Here, we reviewed the connections between mental health outcomes from airborne pollutant exposures, the biological inflammatory mechanisms, and provide future directions for researchers and policy makers. The current state of knowledge is discussed on associations between mental health outcomes and Clean Air Act criteria pollutants, traffic-related air pollutants, pesticides, heavy metals, jet fuel, and burn pits.
    Recent findings: Although associations between airborne pollutants and negative physical health outcomes have been a topic of previous investigations, work highlighting associations between exposures and psychological health is only starting to emerge. Research on criteria pollutants and mental health outcomes has the most robust results to date, followed by traffic-related air pollutants, and then pesticides. In contrast, scarce mental health research has been conducted on exposure to heavy metals, jet fuel, and burn pits. Specific cohorts of individuals, such as United States military members and in-turn, Veterans, often have unique histories of exposures, including service-related exposures to aircraft (e.g. jet fuels) and burn pits. Research focused on Veterans and other individuals with an increased likelihood of exposure and higher vulnerability to negative mental health outcomes is needed. Future research will facilitate knowledge aimed at both prevention and intervention to improve physical and mental health among military personnel, Veterans, and other at-risk individuals.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2196-5412
    ISSN (online) 2196-5412
    DOI 10.1007/s40572-024-00437-8
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  10. Article ; Online: Anthropogenic particle concentrations and fluxes in an urban river are temporally variable and impacted by storm events.

    Berg, Elizabeth M / Dila, Deborah K / Schaul, Olivia / Eros, Audrey / McLellan, Sandra L / Newton, Ryan J / Hoellein, Timothy J / Kelly, John J

    Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation

    2024  Volume 96, Issue 4, Page(s) e11021

    Abstract: Anthropogenic particles (AP), which include microplastics and other synthetic, semisynthetic, and anthropogenically modified materials, are pollutants of concern in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Rivers are important conduits and retention sites for AP, ... ...

    Abstract Anthropogenic particles (AP), which include microplastics and other synthetic, semisynthetic, and anthropogenically modified materials, are pollutants of concern in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Rivers are important conduits and retention sites for AP, and time series data on the movement of these particles in lotic ecosystems are needed to assess the role of rivers in the global AP cycle. Much research assessing AP pollution extrapolates stream loads based on single time point measurements, but lotic ecosystems are highly variable over time (e.g., seasonality and storm events). The accuracy of models describing AP dynamics in rivers is constrained by the limited studies that examine how frequent changes in discharge drive particle retention and transport. This study addressed this knowledge gap by using automated, high-resolution sampling to track AP concentrations and fluxes during multiple storm events in an urban river (Milwaukee River) and comparing these measurements to commonly monitored water quality metrics. AP concentrations and fluxes varied significantly across four storm events, highlighting the temporal variability of AP dynamics. When data from the sampling periods were pooled, there were increases in particle concentration and flux during the early phases of the storms, suggesting that floods may flush AP into the river and/or resuspend particles from the benthic zone. AP flux was closely linked to river discharge, suggesting large loads of AP are delivered downstream during storms. Unexpectedly, AP concentrations were not correlated with other simultaneously measured water quality metrics, including total suspended solids, fecal coliforms, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate, indicating that these metrics cannot be used to estimate AP. These data will contribute to more accurate models of particle dynamics in rivers and global plastic export to oceans. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Anthropogenic particle (AP) concentrations and fluxes in an urban river varied across four storm events. AP concentrations and fluxes were the highest during the early phases of the storms. Storms increased AP transport downstream compared with baseflow. AP concentrations did not correlate with other water quality metrics during storms.
    MeSH term(s) Ecosystem ; Plastics ; Water Quality ; Rivers ; Feces ; Environmental Monitoring ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    Chemical Substances Plastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1098976-6
    ISSN 1554-7531 ; 1047-7624 ; 1061-4303
    ISSN (online) 1554-7531
    ISSN 1047-7624 ; 1061-4303
    DOI 10.1002/wer.11021
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