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  1. Article ; Online: Portal fibroblasts: A renewable source of liver myofibroblasts.

    O'Hara, Steven P / LaRusso, Nicholas F

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2022  Volume 76, Issue 5, Page(s) 1240–1242

    MeSH term(s) Myofibroblasts ; Liver ; Fibroblasts
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1002/hep.32528
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  2. Article ; Online: Correction to: Cellular senescence in the cholangiopathies: a driver of immunopathology and a novel therapeutic target.

    Trussoni, Christy E / O'Hara, Steven P / LaRusso, Nicholas F

    Seminars in immunopathology

    2022  Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 545–546

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-28
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2316828-6
    ISSN 1863-2300 ; 1863-2297
    ISSN (online) 1863-2300
    ISSN 1863-2297
    DOI 10.1007/s00281-022-00930-y
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  3. Article ; Online: Cellular senescence in the cholangiopathies: a driver of immunopathology and a novel therapeutic target.

    Trussoni, Christy E / O'Hara, Steven P / LaRusso, Nicholas F

    Seminars in immunopathology

    2022  Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 527–544

    Abstract: The cholangiopathies are a group of liver diseases that affect cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts. Biliary atresia (BA), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are three cholangiopathies ... ...

    Abstract The cholangiopathies are a group of liver diseases that affect cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts. Biliary atresia (BA), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are three cholangiopathies with significant immune-mediated pathogenesis where chronic inflammation and fibrosis lead to obliteration of bile ducts and eventual liver cirrhosis. Cellular senescence is a state of cell cycle arrest in which cells become resistant to apoptosis and profusely secrete a bioactive secretome. Recent evidence indicates that cholangiocyte senescence contributes to the pathogenesis of BA, PBC, and PSC. This review explores the role of cholangiocyte senescence in BA, PBC, and PSC, ascertains how cholangiocyte senescence may promote a senescence-associated immunopathology in these cholangiopathies, and provides the rationale for therapeutically targeting senescence as a treatment option for BA, PBC, and PSC.
    MeSH term(s) Bile Ducts/metabolism ; Bile Ducts/pathology ; Cellular Senescence ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing/etiology ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing/therapy ; Epithelial Cells ; Fibrosis ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2316828-6
    ISSN 1863-2300 ; 1863-2297
    ISSN (online) 1863-2300
    ISSN 1863-2297
    DOI 10.1007/s00281-022-00909-9
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  4. Article ; Online: Cellular senescence in the cholangiopathies.

    Bogert, Pamela S / O'Hara, Steven P / LaRusso, Nicholas F

    Current opinion in gastroenterology

    2021  Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 121–127

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Cellular senescence (i.e. permanent withdrawal from the cell cycle) is increasingly recognized as a pathologic feature in a variety of inflammatory liver diseases, including primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), primary biliary ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Cellular senescence (i.e. permanent withdrawal from the cell cycle) is increasingly recognized as a pathologic feature in a variety of inflammatory liver diseases, including primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and additional cholangiopathies. Herein, we provide an update on the interplay between cholangiocytes, cellular senescence and the cholangiopathies.
    Recent findings: The themes covered by this review include novel models for studying the role of senescent cholangiocytes and the cholangiopathies, identification and modulation of key pathways or molecules regulating cholangiocyte senescence, and discovery of druggable targets to advance therapeutic options for the cholangiopathies. Most recent studies focused on PSC; however, the concepts and findings may be applied to additional cholangiopathies.
    Summary: Cholangiopathies present unique and divergent clinicopathological features, causes and genetic backgrounds, but share several common disease processes. Cholangiocyte senescence in the cholestatic cholangiopathies, primarily PSC and PBC, is regarded as a key pathogenetic process. Importantly, senescent cholangiocytes exhibit phenotypic features including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and resistance to apoptosis that provide new directions for basic research and new prognostic and therapeutic approaches for clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Cellular Senescence ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing/genetics ; Cholestasis ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632571-3
    ISSN 1531-7056 ; 0267-1379
    ISSN (online) 1531-7056
    ISSN 0267-1379
    DOI 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000805
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  5. Article ; Online: The Gut-Liver Axis in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Are Pathobionts the Missing Link?

    O'Hara, Steven P / LaRusso, Nicholas F

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2019  Volume 70, Issue 3, Page(s) 1058–1060

    MeSH term(s) Cholangitis, Sclerosing ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Liver ; Th17 Cells
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1002/hep.30673
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  6. Article ; Online: The Epigenetic Reader, Bromodomain Containing 2, Mediates Cholangiocyte Senescence via Interaction With ETS Proto-Oncogene 1.

    Kang, Jeong-Han / Splinter, Patrick L / Trussoni, Christy E / Pirius, Nicholas E / Gores, Gregory J / LaRusso, Nicholas F / O'Hara, Steven P

    Gastroenterology

    2023  Volume 165, Issue 1, Page(s) 228–243.e2

    Abstract: Background & aims: We reported that cholangiocyte senescence, regulated by the transcription factor ETS proto-oncogene 1 (ETS1), is a pathogenic feature of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Furthermore, histone 3 lysine 27 is acetylated at ... ...

    Abstract Background & aims: We reported that cholangiocyte senescence, regulated by the transcription factor ETS proto-oncogene 1 (ETS1), is a pathogenic feature of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Furthermore, histone 3 lysine 27 is acetylated at senescence-associated loci. The epigenetic readers, bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins, bind acetylated histones, recruit transcription factors, and drive gene expression. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that BET proteins interact with ETS1 to drive gene expression and cholangiocyte senescence.
    Methods: We performed immunofluorescence for BET proteins (BRD2 and 4) in liver tissue from liver tissue from PSC patients and a mouse PSC model. Using normal human cholangiocytes (NHCs), NHCs experimentally induced to senescence (NHCsen), and PSC patient-derived cholangiocytes (PSCDCs), we assessed senescence, fibroinflammatory secretome, and apoptosis after BET inhibition or RNA interference depletion. We assessed BET interaction with ETS1 in NHCsen and tissues from PSC patient, and the effects of BET inhibitors on liver fibrosis, senescence, and inflammatory gene expression in mouse models.
    Results: Tissue from patients with PSC and a mouse PSC model exhibited increased cholangiocyte BRD2 and 4 protein (∼5×) compared with controls without disease. NHCsen exhibited increased BRD2 and 4 (∼2×), whereas PSCDCs exhibited increased BRD2 protein (∼2×) relative to NHC. BET inhibition in NHCsen and PSCDCs reduced senescence markers and inhibited the fibroinflammatory secretome. ETS1 interacted with BRD2 in NHCsen, and BRD2 depletion diminished NHCsen p21 expression. BET inhibitors reduced senescence, fibroinflammatory gene expression, and fibrosis in the 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine-fed and Mdr2
    Conclusion: Our data suggest that BRD2 is an essential mediator of the senescent cholangiocyte phenotype and is a potential therapeutic target for patients with PSC.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Cholangitis, Sclerosing/pathology ; Liver/pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histones/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Epigenesis, Genetic
    Chemical Substances Histones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80112-4
    ISSN 1528-0012 ; 0016-5085
    ISSN (online) 1528-0012
    ISSN 0016-5085
    DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.03.235
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  7. Article ; Online: Genetic or pharmacological reduction of cholangiocyte senescence improves inflammation and fibrosis in the

    Alsuraih, Mohammed / O'Hara, Steven P / Woodrum, Julie E / Pirius, Nicholas E / LaRusso, Nicholas F

    JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology

    2021  Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) 100250

    Abstract: Background & aims: Cholangiocyte senescence is important in the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We found that CDKN2A (p16), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and mediator of senescence, was increased in cholangiocytes of patients ...

    Abstract Background & aims: Cholangiocyte senescence is important in the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We found that CDKN2A (p16), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and mediator of senescence, was increased in cholangiocytes of patients with PSC and from a PSC mouse model (multidrug resistance 2;
    Methods: We used 2 novel genetic murine models to reduce cholangiocyte senescence: (i) p16
    Results: AP20187 treatment reduced p16 and p21 expression by ~35% and ~70% (
    Conclusions: Our data support a pathophysiological role of cholangiocyte senescence in the progression of PSC, and that targeted removal of senescent cholangiocytes is a plausible therapeutic approach.
    Lay summary: Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a fibroinflammatory, incurable biliary disease. We previously reported that biliary epithelial cell senescence (cell-cycle arrest and hypersecretion of profibrotic molecules) is an important phenotype in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Herein, we demonstrate that reducing the number of senescent cholangiocytes leads to a reduction in the expression of inflammatory, fibrotic, and senescence markers associated with the disease.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-5559
    ISSN (online) 2589-5559
    DOI 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100250
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  8. Article ; Online: Cellular senescence, neuropeptides and hepatic fibrosis: Additional insights into increasing complexity.

    O'Hara, Steven P / La Russo, Nicholas F

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)

    2017  Volume 66, Issue 2, Page(s) 318–320

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 604603-4
    ISSN 1527-3350 ; 0270-9139
    ISSN (online) 1527-3350
    ISSN 0270-9139
    DOI 10.1002/hep.29243
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  9. Article ; Online: Cholangiocytes and the environment in primary sclerosing cholangitis: where is the link?

    O'Hara, Steven P / Karlsen, Tom H / LaRusso, Nicholas F

    Gut

    2017  Volume 66, Issue 11, Page(s) 1873–1877

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80128-8
    ISSN 1468-3288 ; 0017-5749
    ISSN (online) 1468-3288
    ISSN 0017-5749
    DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-314249
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  10. Article ; Online: Role of the Intestinal Microbiome in Cholestatic Liver Disease.

    LaRusso, Nicholas F / Tabibian, James H / O'Hara, Steven P

    Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)

    2017  Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 166–168

    Abstract: Hepatobiliary health and disease is influenced by multiple factors including genetics, epigenetics, and the environment. Recently, multiple lines of evidence suggest that the microbiome also plays a central role in the initiation and/or progression of ... ...

    Abstract Hepatobiliary health and disease is influenced by multiple factors including genetics, epigenetics, and the environment. Recently, multiple lines of evidence suggest that the microbiome also plays a central role in the initiation and/or progression of several liver diseases. Our current understanding of the dynamic interplay between microbes, microbial products and liver health and pathophysiology is incomplete. However, exciting insights are continually being made that support both a central role of the microbiome and a need for further interrogation of the microbes or microbe-associated molecules involved in the initiation and progression of select liver diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cholestasis/microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Health ; Humans ; Liver/pathology ; Liver Diseases/microbiology ; Models, Biological
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632798-9
    ISSN 1421-9875 ; 0257-2753
    ISSN (online) 1421-9875
    ISSN 0257-2753
    DOI 10.1159/000450906
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