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  1. Article ; Online: To what extent can mastication functionality be restored following mandibular reconstruction surgery? A computer modeling approach.

    Aftabi, Hamidreza / Sagl, Benedikt / Lloyd, John E / Prisman, Eitan / Hodgson, Antony / Fels, Sidney

    Computer methods and programs in biomedicine

    2024  Volume 250, Page(s) 108174

    Abstract: Statement of problem: Advanced cases of head and neck cancer involving the mandible often require surgical removal of diseased sections and subsequent replacement with donor bone. During the procedure, the surgeon must make decisions regarding which ... ...

    Abstract Statement of problem: Advanced cases of head and neck cancer involving the mandible often require surgical removal of diseased sections and subsequent replacement with donor bone. During the procedure, the surgeon must make decisions regarding which bones or tissues to resect. This requires balancing tradeoffs related to issues such as surgical access and post-operative function; however, the latter is often difficult to predict, especially given that long-term functionality also depends on the impact of post-operative rehabilitation programs.
    Purpose: To assist in surgical decision-making, we present an approach for estimating the effects of reconstruction on key aspects of post-operative mandible function.
    Material and methods: We develop dynamic biomechanical models of the reconstructed mandible considering different defect types and validate them using literature data. We use these models to estimate the degree of functionality that might be achieved following post-operative rehabilitation.
    Results: We find significant potential for restoring mandibular functionality, even in cases involving large defects. This entails an average trajectory error below 2 mm, bite force comparable to a healthy individual, improved condyle mobility, and a muscle activation change capped at a maximum of 20%.
    Conclusion: These results suggest significant potential for adaptability in the masticatory system and improved post-operative rehabilitation, leading to greater restoration of jaw function.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-17
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632564-6
    ISSN 1872-7565 ; 0169-2607
    ISSN (online) 1872-7565
    ISSN 0169-2607
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmpb.2024.108174
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: It takes more than two to tango: mechanosignaling of the endothelial surface.

    Fels, Benedikt / Kusche-Vihrog, Kristina

    Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology

    2020  Volume 472, Issue 4, Page(s) 419–433

    Abstract: The endothelial surface is a highly flexible signaling hub which is able to sense the hemodynamic forces of the streaming blood. The subsequent mechanosignaling is basically mediated by specific structures, like the endothelial glycocalyx building the ... ...

    Abstract The endothelial surface is a highly flexible signaling hub which is able to sense the hemodynamic forces of the streaming blood. The subsequent mechanosignaling is basically mediated by specific structures, like the endothelial glycocalyx building the top surface layer of endothelial cells as well as mechanosensitive ion channels within the endothelial plasma membrane. The mechanical properties of the endothelial cell surface are characterized by the dynamics of cytoskeletal proteins and play a key role in the process of signal transmission from the outside (lumen of the blood vessel) to the interior of the cell. Thus, the cell mechanics directly interact with the function of mechanosensitive structures and ion channels. To precisely maintain the vascular tone, a coordinated functional interdependency between endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells is necessary. This is given by the fact that mechanosensitive ion channels are expressed in both cell types and that signals are transmitted via autocrine/paracrine mechanisms from layer to layer. Thus, the outer layer of the endothelial cells can be seen as important functional mechanosensitive and reactive cellular compartment. This review aims to describe the known mechanosensitive structures of the vessel building a bridge between the important role of physiological mechanosignaling and the proper vascular function. Since mutations and dysfunction of mechanosensitive proteins are linked to vascular pathologies such as hypertension, they play a potent role in the field of channelopathies and mechanomedicine.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Glycocalyx/metabolism ; Humans ; Ion Channels/metabolism ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular/physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism ; Stress, Mechanical
    Chemical Substances Ion Channels
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 6380-0
    ISSN 1432-2013 ; 0031-6768
    ISSN (online) 1432-2013
    ISSN 0031-6768
    DOI 10.1007/s00424-020-02369-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Prolonged Door-to-Balloon Time Leads to Endothelial Glycocalyx Damage and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

    Vahldieck, Carl / Fels, Benedikt / Löning, Samuel / Nickel, Laura / Weil, Joachim / Kusche-Vihrog, Kristina

    Biomedicines

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 11

    Abstract: Damage to the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) has been reported during acute ischemic events like ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In STEMI, a door-to-balloon time (D2B) of <60 min was shown to reduce mortality and nonfatal complications. Here, ... ...

    Abstract Damage to the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) has been reported during acute ischemic events like ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In STEMI, a door-to-balloon time (D2B) of <60 min was shown to reduce mortality and nonfatal complications. Here, we hypothesize that eGC condition is associated with D2B duration and endothelial function during STEMI. One hundred and twenty-six individuals were analyzed in this study (STEMI patients vs. age-/sex-matched healthy volunteers). After stimulating endothelial cells with patient/control sera, the eGC's nanomechanical properties (i.e., height/stiffness) were analyzed using the atomic force microscopy-based nanoindentation technique. eGC components were determined via ELISA, and measurements of nitric oxide levels (NO) were based on chemiluminescence. eGC height/stiffness (both
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720867-9
    ISSN 2227-9059
    ISSN 2227-9059
    DOI 10.3390/biomedicines11112924
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Nanomechanics of the Endothelial Glycocalyx: From Structure to Function.

    Cosgun, Zülfü Cem / Fels, Benedikt / Kusche-Vihrog, Kristina

    The American journal of pathology

    2020  Volume 190, Issue 4, Page(s) 732–741

    Abstract: The negatively charged, brush-like glycocalyx covers the surface layer of endothelial cells. This layer of membrane-bound, carbohydrate-rich molecules covers the luminal surface of the endothelium along the entire vascular tree, mostly comprising ... ...

    Abstract The negatively charged, brush-like glycocalyx covers the surface layer of endothelial cells. This layer of membrane-bound, carbohydrate-rich molecules covers the luminal surface of the endothelium along the entire vascular tree, mostly comprising glycoproteins and proteoglycans. Together with the underlying actin-rich endothelial cortex, 50 to 150 nm beneath the plasma membrane, the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) is recognized as a vasoprotective nanobarrier and responsive hub. Importantly, both the eGC and cortex are highly dynamic and can adapt their nanomechanical properties (ie, stiffness and height) to changes in the environment. The constant change between a soft and a stiff endothelial surface is imperative for proper functioning of the endothelium. This review defines the nanomechanical properties of the eGC and stresses the underlying mechanisms and factors leading to a disturbed structure-function relationship. Specifically, under inflammatory conditions, the eGC is damaged, resulting in enhanced vascular permeability, tissue edema, augmented leukocyte adhesion, platelet aggregation, and dysregulated vasodilation. An integrated knowledge of the relationship between the nanomechanical properties, structure, and function of the eGC might be key in understanding vascular function and dysfunction. In this context, the clinical aspects for preservation and restoration of proper eGC nanomechanics are discussed, considering the eGC as a potentially promising diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in the near future.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Capillary Permeability ; Cell Adhesion ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Glycocalyx/chemistry ; Glycocalyx/physiology ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2943-9
    ISSN 1525-2191 ; 0002-9440
    ISSN (online) 1525-2191
    ISSN 0002-9440
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.07.021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Analysis of mold and mycotoxins in naturally infested indoor building materials.

    Lindemann, Viktoria / Schleiner, Tim / Maier, Ulrich / Fels, Hubert / Cramer, Benedikt / Humpf, Hans-Ulrich

    Mycotoxin research

    2022  Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 205–220

    Abstract: Health issues of residents of mold-infested housing are reported on a regular basis, and reasons for the arising impairments can be manifold. One possible cause are the toxic secondary metabolite produced by indoor microfungi (mycotoxins). To enable a ... ...

    Abstract Health issues of residents of mold-infested housing are reported on a regular basis, and reasons for the arising impairments can be manifold. One possible cause are the toxic secondary metabolite produced by indoor microfungi (mycotoxins). To enable a more thorough characterization of the exposure to mycotoxins in indoor environments, data on occurrence and quantities of mycotoxins is essential. In the presented study, 51 naturally mold-infested building material samples were analyzed applying a previously developed method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) separation in combination with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (TQMS) detection. A total of 38 secondary metabolites derived from different indoor mold genera like Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Stachybotrys were analyzed, of which 16 were detectable in 28 samples. As both the spectrum of target analytes and the investigated sample matrices showed high chemical varieties, an alternative calibration approach was applied complementary to identify potentially emerging matrix effects during ionization and mass spectrometric detection. Overall, strong alterations of analyte signals were rare, and compensation of considerable matrix suppression/enhancement only had to be performed for certain samples. Besides mycotoxin determination and quantification, the presence of 18 different mold species was confirmed applying microbiological approaches in combination with macro- and microscopic identification according to DIN ISO 16000-17:2010-06. These results additionally highlight the diversity of mycotoxins potentially arising in indoor environments and leads to the assumption that indoor mycotoxin exposure stays an emerging topic of research, which has only just commenced.
    MeSH term(s) Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Construction Materials/analysis ; Construction Materials/microbiology ; Mycotoxins/analysis ; Stachybotrys/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Mycotoxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-28
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 14500-2
    ISSN 1867-1632 ; 0178-7888
    ISSN (online) 1867-1632
    ISSN 0178-7888
    DOI 10.1007/s12550-022-00461-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Piezo1-induced durotaxis of pancreatic stellate cells depends on TRPC1 and TRPV4 channels.

    Budde, Ilka / Schlichting, André / Ing, David / Schimmelpfennig, Sandra / Kuntze, Anna / Fels, Benedikt / Romac, Joelle M-J / Swain, Sandip M / Liddle, Rodger A / Stevens, Angela / Schwab, Albrecht / Pethő, Zoltán

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2024  

    Abstract: Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are primarily responsible for producing the stiff tumor tissue in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Thereby, PSCs generate a stiffness gradient between the healthy pancreas and the tumor. This gradient induces ... ...

    Abstract Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are primarily responsible for producing the stiff tumor tissue in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Thereby, PSCs generate a stiffness gradient between the healthy pancreas and the tumor. This gradient induces durotaxis, a form of directional cell migration driven by differential stiffness. The molecular sensors behind durotaxis are still unclear. To investigate the role of mechanosensitive ion channels in PSC durotaxis, we established a two-dimensional stiffness gradient mimicking PDAC. Using pharmacological and genetic methods, we investigated the role of the ion channels Piezo1, TRPC1, and TRPV4 in PSC durotaxis. We found that PSC migration towards a stiffer substrate is diminished by altering Piezo1 activity. Moreover, disrupting TRPC1 along with TRPV4 abolishes PSC durotaxis even when Piezo1 is functional. Hence, PSC durotaxis is optimal with an intermediary level of mechanosensitive channel activity, which we simulated using a numerically discretized mathematical model. Our findings suggest that mechanosensitive ion channels, particularly Piezo1, detect the mechanical microenvironment to guide PSC migration.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.12.22.572956
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: The Role of TRP Channels in the Metastatic Cascade.

    Fels, Benedikt / Bulk, Etmar / Pethő, Zoltán / Schwab, Albrecht

    Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

    2018  Volume 11, Issue 2

    Abstract: A dysregulated cellular ... ...

    Abstract A dysregulated cellular Ca
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2193542-7
    ISSN 1424-8247
    ISSN 1424-8247
    DOI 10.3390/ph11020048
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Analysis of mold and mycotoxins in naturally infested indoor building materials

    Lindemann, Viktoria / Schleiner, Tim / Maier, Ulrich / Fels, Hubert / Cramer, Benedikt / Humpf, Hans-Ulrich

    Mycotoxin research. 2022 Aug., v. 38, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: Health issues of residents of mold-infested housing are reported on a regular basis, and reasons for the arising impairments can be manifold. One possible cause are the toxic secondary metabolite produced by indoor microfungi (mycotoxins). To enable a ... ...

    Abstract Health issues of residents of mold-infested housing are reported on a regular basis, and reasons for the arising impairments can be manifold. One possible cause are the toxic secondary metabolite produced by indoor microfungi (mycotoxins). To enable a more thorough characterization of the exposure to mycotoxins in indoor environments, data on occurrence and quantities of mycotoxins is essential. In the presented study, 51 naturally mold-infested building material samples were analyzed applying a previously developed method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) separation in combination with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (TQMS) detection. A total of 38 secondary metabolites derived from different indoor mold genera like Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Stachybotrys were analyzed, of which 16 were detectable in 28 samples. As both the spectrum of target analytes and the investigated sample matrices showed high chemical varieties, an alternative calibration approach was applied complementary to identify potentially emerging matrix effects during ionization and mass spectrometric detection. Overall, strong alterations of analyte signals were rare, and compensation of considerable matrix suppression/enhancement only had to be performed for certain samples. Besides mycotoxin determination and quantification, the presence of 18 different mold species was confirmed applying microbiological approaches in combination with macro- and microscopic identification according to DIN ISO 16000–17:2010–06. These results additionally highlight the diversity of mycotoxins potentially arising in indoor environments and leads to the assumption that indoor mycotoxin exposure stays an emerging topic of research, which has only just commenced.
    Keywords Aspergillus ; Fusarium ; Penicillium ; Stachybotrys ; calibration ; chemical species ; fungi ; ionization ; mass spectrometry ; mycotoxins ; research ; secondary metabolites ; toxicity ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-08
    Size p. 205-220.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 14500-2
    ISSN 1867-1632 ; 0178-7888
    ISSN (online) 1867-1632
    ISSN 0178-7888
    DOI 10.1007/s12550-022-00461-3
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Mineralocorticoid receptor-antagonism prevents COVID-19-dependent glycocalyx damage.

    Fels, Benedikt / Acharya, Sovon / Vahldieck, Carl / Graf, Tobias / Käding, Nadja / Rupp, Jan / Kusche-Vihrog, Kristina

    Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology

    2022  Volume 474, Issue 10, Page(s) 1069–1076

    Abstract: Proinflammatory cytokines target vascular endothelial cells during COVID-19 infections. In particular, the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC), a proteoglycan-rich layer on top of endothelial cells, was identified as a vulnerable, vasoprotective structure ... ...

    Abstract Proinflammatory cytokines target vascular endothelial cells during COVID-19 infections. In particular, the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC), a proteoglycan-rich layer on top of endothelial cells, was identified as a vulnerable, vasoprotective structure during infections. Thus, eGC damage can be seen as a hallmark in the development of endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory processes. Using sera derived from patients suffering from COVID-19, we could demonstrate that the eGC became progressively worse in relation to disease severity (mild vs severe course) and in correlation to IL-6 levels. This could be prevented by administering low doses of spironolactone, a well-known and highly specific aldosterone receptor antagonist. Our results confirm that SARS-CoV-2 infections cause eGC damage and endothelial dysfunction and we outline the underlying mechanisms and suggest potential therapeutic options.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; COVID-19/pathology ; Cytokines/pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells/drug effects ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Glycocalyx/drug effects ; Glycocalyx/pathology ; Humans ; Interleukin-6/blood ; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology ; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Proteoglycans/analysis ; Proteoglycans/blood ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spironolactone/pharmacology ; Spironolactone/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Interleukin-6 ; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists ; Proteoglycans ; Spironolactone (27O7W4T232)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 6380-0
    ISSN 1432-2013 ; 0031-6768
    ISSN (online) 1432-2013
    ISSN 0031-6768
    DOI 10.1007/s00424-022-02726-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Rac1 regulates lipid droplets formation, nanomechanical, and nanostructural changes induced by TNF in vascular endothelium in the isolated murine aorta.

    Pacia, Marta Z / Chorazy, Natalia / Sternak, Magdalena / Fels, Benedikt / Pacia, Michal / Kepczynski, Mariusz / Kusche-Vihrog, Kristina / Chlopicki, Stefan

    Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS

    2022  Volume 79, Issue 6, Page(s) 317

    Abstract: Endothelial inflammation is recognized as a critical condition in the development of cardiovascular diseases. TNF-induced inflammation of endothelial cells is linked to the formation of lipid droplets, augmented cortical stiffness, and nanostructural ... ...

    Abstract Endothelial inflammation is recognized as a critical condition in the development of cardiovascular diseases. TNF-induced inflammation of endothelial cells is linked to the formation of lipid droplets, augmented cortical stiffness, and nanostructural endothelial plasma membrane remodelling, but the insight into the mechanism linking these responses is missing. In the present work, we determined the formation of lipid droplets (LDs), nanomechanical, and nanostructural responses in the model of TNF-activated vascular inflammation in the isolated murine aorta using Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence imaging, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We analysed the possible role of Rac1, a major regulator of cytoskeletal organization, in TNF-induced vascular inflammation. We demonstrated that the formation of LDs, polymerization of F-actin, alterations in cortical stiffness, and nanostructural protuberances in endothelial plasma membrane were mediated by the Rac1. In particular, we revealed a significant role for Rac1 in the regulation of the formation of highly unsaturated LDs formed in response to TNF. Inhibition of Rac1 also downregulated the overexpression of ICAM-1 induced by TNF, supporting the role of Rac1 in vascular inflammation. Altogether, our results demonstrate that LDs formation, an integral component of vascular inflammation, is activated by Rac1 that also regulates nanomechanical and nanostructural alterations linked to vascular inflammation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Aorta ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Lipid Droplets/metabolism ; Mice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1358415-7
    ISSN 1420-9071 ; 1420-682X
    ISSN (online) 1420-9071
    ISSN 1420-682X
    DOI 10.1007/s00018-022-04362-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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