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Article ; Online: Chester treadmill police tests as alternatives to 15-m shuttle running.

Morris, M / Deery, E / Sykes, K

2019 Volume 69, Issue 2, Page(s) 133–138

Abstract: ... personal safety training and specialist roles. Officers' aerobic fitness is assessed using the 15-m multi ... provide a valid and reliable alternative to the 15-m MSFT. ...

Abstract	Background: Police officers require a specific level of aerobic fitness to allow them to complete personal safety training and specialist roles. Officers' aerobic fitness is assessed using the 15-m multi-stage fitness test (MSFT); however, due to the agility required and risk of injury, two alternative treadmill tests have been designed to predict four of the key minimum VO2 criteria of 35, 41, 46 and 51 ml·kg-1·min-1. Aims: To investigate the validity and reliability of Chester Treadmill Police Walk Test (CTPWT) and Chester Treadmill Police Run Test (CTPRT). Methods: Seventy-eight UK police officers (18 females) completed the CTPWT (n = 53) or CTPRT (n = 35), or both, generating a total of 88 data sets. To assess reliability, 43 participants returned for a second visit (T2), to repeat the treadmill test. Results: Mean differences between predicted and actual VO2 at 35, 41, 46 and 51 ml·kg-1·min-1 were as follows -1.1, -2.1, -0.1 and -1.2 ml·kg-1·min-1. Despite a significant under prediction (p = 0.001), a minimum of 92% of participants were within 10% of target VO2 at all levels. There was no significant difference between actual and predicted VO2 in the CTPRT, at 46 ml·kg-1·min-1 (T1 46.0 ± 1.4 or T2 45.1 ± 1.3 ml·kg-1·min-1). Similarly, there was no significant difference at 51 ml·kg-1·min-1 (T2 50.5 ± 1.4 ml·kg-1·min-1). We observed no differences for gender or trial. Ninety-five per cent limits of agreement were at worst -0.25 ± 4.0 ml.kg-1.min-1 between trial 1 and 2. Conclusions: The CTPWT and the CTPRT provide a valid and reliable alternative to the 15-m MSFT.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Exercise Test/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Oxygen Consumption/physiology ; Physical Fitness/physiology ; Police ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1103950-4
ISSN	1471-8405 ; 0962-7480
ISSN (online)	1471-8405
ISSN	0962-7480
DOI	10.1093/occmed/kqz014
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Article ; Online: Tolerance in intestinal transplantation.

Sykes, Megan

Human immunology

2024 , Page(s) 110793

Abstract: Intestinal transplantation (ITx) is highly immunogenic, resulting in the need for high levels of immunosuppression, with frequent complications along with high rejection rates. Tolerance induction would provide a solution to these limitations. Detailed ... ...

Abstract	Intestinal transplantation (ITx) is highly immunogenic, resulting in the need for high levels of immunosuppression, with frequent complications along with high rejection rates. Tolerance induction would provide a solution to these limitations. Detailed studies of alloreactive T cell clones as well as multiparameter flow cytometry in the graft and peripheral tissues have provided evidence for several tolerance mechanisms that occur spontaneously following ITx, which might provide targets for further interventions. These include the frequent occurrence of macrochimerism and engraftment in the recipient bone marrow of donor hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells carried in the allograft. These phenomena are seen most frequently in recipients of multivisceral transplants and are associated with reduced rejection rates. They reflect powerful graft-vs-host responses that enter the peripheral lymphoid system and bone marrow after expanding within and emigrating from the allograft. Several mechanisms of tolerance that may result from this lymphohematopoietic graft-vs-host response are discussed. Transcriptional profiling in quiescent allografts reveals tolerization of pre-existing host-vs-graft-reactive T cells that enter the allograft mucosa and become tissue-resident memory cells. Dissection of the pathways driving and maintaining this tolerant tissue-resident state among donor-reactive T cells will allow controlled tolerance induction through specific therapeutic approaches.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	801524-7
ISSN	1879-1166 ; 0198-8859
ISSN (online)	1879-1166
ISSN	0198-8859
DOI	10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110793
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Article: Linking fine-scale sub-arctic vegetation distribution in complex topography with surface-air-temperature modelled at 50-m resolution.

Yang, Zhenlin / Sykes, Martin T / Hanna, Edward / Callaghan, Terry V

Ambio

2012 Volume 41 Suppl 3, Page(s) 292–302

Abstract: ... air-temperature based on a recently published 50-m-gridded dataset, versus soil variables for explaining ...

Abstract	Recent studies have shown that the complexities of the surface features in mountainous terrain require a re-assessment of climate impacts at the local level. We explored the importance of surface-air-temperature based on a recently published 50-m-gridded dataset, versus soil variables for explaining vegetation distribution in Swedish Lapland using generalised linear models (GLMs). The results demonstrated that the current distribution of the birch forest and snowbed community strongly relied on the surface-air-temperature. However, temperature alone is a poor predictor of many plant communities (wetland, meadow). Because of diminishing sample representation with increasing altitude, the snowbed community was under-sampled at higher altitudes. This results in underestimation of the current distribution of the snowbed community around the mountain summits. The analysis suggests that caution is warranted when applying GLMs at the local level.
MeSH term(s)	Arctic Regions ; Computer Simulation ; Demography ; Ecosystem ; Models, Biological ; Plant Development ; Sweden ; Temperature ; Trees
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-08-03
Publishing country	Sweden
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120759-3
ISSN	1654-7209 ; 0044-7447
ISSN (online)	1654-7209
ISSN	0044-7447
DOI	10.1007/s13280-012-0307-0
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Article ; Online: Leveraging the lymphohematopoietic graft-versus-host reaction (LGVHR) to achieve allograft tolerance and restore self tolerance with minimal toxicity.

Sykes, Megan

Immunotherapy advances

2023 Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) ltad008

Abstract: Mixed allogeneic chimerism has considerable potential to advance the achievement of immune tolerance to alloantigens for transplantation and the restoration of self-tolerance in patients with autoimmune disease. In this article, I review evidence that ... ...

Abstract	Mixed allogeneic chimerism has considerable potential to advance the achievement of immune tolerance to alloantigens for transplantation and the restoration of self-tolerance in patients with autoimmune disease. In this article, I review evidence that graft-versus-host (GVH) alloreactivity without graft-vs-host disease (GVHD), termed a lymphohematopoietic graft-vs-host reaction (LGVHR), can promote the induction of mixed chimerism with minimal toxicity. LGVHR was originally shown to occur in an animal model when non-tolerant donor lymphocytes were administered to mixed chimeras in the absence of inflammatory stimuli and was found to mediate powerful graft-vs-leukemia/lymphoma effects without GVHD. Recent large animal studies suggest a role for LGVHR in promoting durable mixed chimerism and the demonstration that LGVHR promotes chimerism in human intestinal allograft recipients has led to a pilot study aiming to achieve durable mixed chimerism.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2732-4303
ISSN (online)	2732-4303
DOI	10.1093/immadv/ltad008
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Article ; Online: A commentary on the quality improvement practices in leading an organizational response to audit feedback.

Sykes, Michael

JBI evidence implementation

2022 Volume 20, Issue 3, Page(s) 166–171

Abstract: Abstract: Clinical audit is commonly used to assess and improve the quality of care. The impact of clinical audit on practice could be improved by supporting the ability of people who receive feedback from audits to mount effective responses. This ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: Clinical audit is commonly used to assess and improve the quality of care. The impact of clinical audit on practice could be improved by supporting the ability of people who receive feedback from audits to mount effective responses. This article, written for people who receive feedback, audit providers and quality improvement leads, describes important practices in the organisational response to feedback. The practices were identified through work to describe the current response to national audit and draw upon theory-informed hypotheses for enhancing audit and feedback. Both the content and implementation of the practices were co-designed with stakeholders and tested alongside different national audits. The identified quality improvement practices provide practical guidance for feedback recipients and enable providers and quality improvement leads to consider the capabilities required for such practices. The approach resonates with organisational readiness to change theory, proposing that informational appraisal and change commitment underpin effective improvement actions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Feedback ; Quality Improvement ; Medical Audit ; Clinical Audit
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2691-3321
ISSN (online)	2691-3321
DOI	10.1097/XEB.0000000000000338
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Article ; Online: Developing pig-to-human organ transplants.

Sykes, Megan

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2022 Volume 378, Issue 6616, Page(s) 135–136

Abstract: Recent advances raise hope for a promising solution to the transplant organ shortage. ...

Abstract	Recent advances raise hope for a promising solution to the transplant organ shortage.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Organ Transplantation ; Swine ; Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Transplants
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.abo7935
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Article: Preparation, structure, and reactivity of Ge-containing heterometallic cube derivatives of [M(3)E(4)(H2O)(9)](4+) (M = Mo, W; E = S, Se).

Seo, M S / Fedin, V P / Sokolov, M N / Hernandez-Molina, R / Sokolowski, A / Elsegood, M R / Clegg, W / Sykes, A G

Inorganic chemistry

2001 Volume 40, Issue 24, Page(s) 6115–6122

Abstract: Studies leading to the incorporation of Group 14 germanium into the incomplete cuboidal clusters [M ... 3)E(4)(H2O)(9)](4+) (M = Mo, W; E = S, Se) have been carried out. From the clusters [Mo(3)E(4)(H2O ... been determined, of which (2) is the first structure of a W(6) double cube. The M-M bond lengths ...

Abstract	Studies leading to the incorporation of Group 14 germanium into the incomplete cuboidal clusters [M(3)E(4)(H2O)(9)](4+) (M = Mo, W; E = S, Se) have been carried out. From the clusters [Mo(3)E(4)(H2O)(9)](4+), corner-shared double cubes [Mo(6)GeE(8)(H2O)(18)] are obtained with GeO, by heating with Ge powder at 90 degrees C, or by heating with GeO(2) in the presence of H(3)PO(2) as reductant at 90 degrees C, illustrating the dominance of the double cubes. The yellow-green single cube [Mo(3)GeS(4) (H2O)(12)](6+) is only obtained by controlled air oxidation of [Mo(6)GeS(8)(H2O)(18)](8+) over a period of approximately 4 days followed by Dowex purification. In the case of the trinuclear clusters [W(3)E(4)(H2O)(9)](4+), the single cubes [W(3)GeE(4)(H2O)(12)](6+) are dominant and prepared by the reactions with GeO, or GeO(2)/H(3)PO(2). Conversion of [W(3)GeE(4)(H2O)(12)](6+) to the corresponding double cubes is achieved by reductive addition with BH(4)(-) in the presence of a further equivalent of [W(3)E(4)(H2O)(9)](4+). The crystal structures (pts(-) = p-toluene-sulfonate) of [Mo(6)GeS(8)(H2O)(18)](pts)(8).28H2O, (1); [W(6)GeS(8)(H2O)(18)](pts)(8).23H2O, (2); and [Mo(6)GeSe(8)(H2O)(18)](pts)(8).8H2O, (3); have been determined, of which (2) is the first structure of a W(6) double cube. The M-M bond lengths of approximately 2.7 A are consistent with metal-metal bonding, and the M-Ge of approximately 3.5 A corresponds to nonbonding separations. Of the Group 13-15 corner-shared double cubes from [Mo(3)S(4)(H2O)(9)](4+), [Mo(6)GeS(8)(H2O)(18)](8+) is the least reactive with [Co(dipic)(2)](-) as oxidant (0.077 M(-1) s(-1)), and [Mo(6)SnS(8)(H2O)(18)](8+) is next (14.9 M(-1) s(-1)). Both Ge and Sn (Group 14) have an even number of electrons, resulting in greater stability. In contrast, [W(6)GeS(8)(H2O)(18)](8+) is much more reactive (7.3 x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1)), and also reacts more rapidly with O(2).
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-11-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1484438-2
ISSN	1520-510X ; 0020-1669
ISSN (online)	1520-510X
ISSN	0020-1669
DOI	10.1021/ic010256l
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Article: Behavioral patterns of heterometallic cuboidal derivatives of [M3Q4(H2O)9]4+ (M = Mo, W; Q = S, Se).

Hernandez-Molina, R / Sokolov, M N / Sykes, A G

Accounts of chemical research

2001 Volume 34, Issue 3, Page(s) 223–230

Abstract: This Account reports recent progress in the study of some approximately 20 heterometal derivatives of [Mo3S4(H2O)9]4+ with reference also to W and Se analogues. Single cubes (3:1) and corner-shared double cubes (6:1), as well as dimers of the 3:1 single ... ...

Abstract	This Account reports recent progress in the study of some approximately 20 heterometal derivatives of [Mo3S4(H2O)9]4+ with reference also to W and Se analogues. Single cubes (3:1) and corner-shared double cubes (6:1), as well as dimers of the 3:1 single cubes, are considered. A classification of the heterometals as subtypes A, B, and C is introduced.
MeSH term(s)	Air/analysis ; Molybdenum/chemistry ; Organometallic Compounds/chemical synthesis ; Organometallic Compounds/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Organometallic Compounds ; Molybdenum (81AH48963U)
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1483291-4
ISSN	1520-4898 ; 0001-4842
ISSN (online)	1520-4898
ISSN	0001-4842
DOI	10.1021/ar960152s
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Article: Linking Fine-Scale Sub-Arctic Vegetation Distribution in Complex Topography with Surface-Air-Temperature Modelled at 50-m Resolution

Yang, Zhenlin / Sykes, Martin T / Hanna, Edward / Callaghan, Terry V

Ambio a journal of the human environment. 2012 July, v. 41, no. Supplement 3

2012

Abstract: ... air-temperature based on a recently published 50-m-gridded dataset, versus soil variables for explaining ...

Abstract	Recent studies have shown that the complexities of the surface features in mountainous terrain require a re-assessment of climate impacts at the local level. We explored the importance of surface-air-temperature based on a recently published 50-m-gridded dataset, versus soil variables for explaining vegetation distribution in Swedish Lapland using generalised linear models (GLMs). The results demonstrated that the current distribution of the birch forest and snowbed community strongly relied on the surface-air-temperature. However, temperature alone is a poor predictor of many plant communities (wetland, meadow). Because of diminishing sample representation with increasing altitude, the snowbed community was under-sampled at higher altitudes. This results in underestimation of the current distribution of the snowbed community around the mountain summits. The analysis suggests that caution is warranted when applying GLMs at the local level.
Keywords	Betula ; altitude ; climate ; data collection ; forests ; linear models ; meadows ; plant communities ; soil ; temperature ; Lapland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-07
Size	p. 292-302.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120759-3
ISSN	1654-7209 ; 0044-7447
ISSN (online)	1654-7209
ISSN	0044-7447
DOI	10.1007/s13280-012-0307-0
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Article ; Online: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Molybdenum and Tungsten Cyano Complexes with Cuboidal M(4)(μ(3)-E)(4) (M = Mo, W; E = S, Se, Te) Cores.

Fedin, V. P. / Kalinina, I. V. / Samsonenko, D. G. / Mironov, Y. V. / Sokolov, M. N. / Tkachev, S. V. / Virovets, A. V. / Podberezskaya, N. V. / Elsegood, M. R. J. / Clegg, W. / Sykes, A. G.

Inorganic chemistry

1999 Volume 38, Issue 9, Page(s) 1956–1965

Abstract: ... have shown that M(4)E(4)(n)()(+) (M = Mo, W; E = S, Se, Te) cubes are capable of existing in three ...

Abstract	Four new tungsten and molybdenum cyano complexes of formula KCs(5)[W(4)S(4)(CN)(12)].CH(3)OH.2H(2)O (1), K(6)[W(4)Se(4)(CN)(12)].6H(2)O (2), K(6)[W(4)Te(4)(CN)(12)].5H(2)O (3), and K(7)[Mo(4)Te(4)(CN)(12)].12H(2)O (5) have been prepared by high-temperature 430-450 degrees C reaction of the polymeric chain compounds {W(3)S(7)Br(4)}(x)(), {W(3)Se(7)Br(4)}(x)(), {Mo(3)Te(7)I(4)}(x)() and solid-state WTe(2) with KCN, and crystallization from aqueous solutions. In addition Cs(6)[Mo(4)Te(4)(CN)(12)].2H(2)O (4) has been prepared by oxidation of 5 with bromine water. The molecular structures have been investigated by X-ray crystallography. Mixed-valence (3.5) compounds 1-4 are diamagnetic. Mixed-valence (3.25) compound 5 is paramagnetic (μ = 2.03 μ(B) at 77 K). In addition to the structural data for these complexes IR and UV-vis spectroscopy have been used to characterize the complexes. Cyclic-voltammetry data have shown that M(4)E(4)(n)()(+) (M = Mo, W; E = S, Se, Te) cubes are capable of existing in three oxidation states ranging from the most oxidized (n = 6; 10 electrons) to the most reduced electron-precise (n = 4; 12 electrons). The (77)Se, (125)Te, and (183)W NMR spectra of the cubes (1-3) demonstrate unambiguously the unaltered environments of the W and E atoms in aqueous solution.
Language	English
Publishing date	1999-05-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1484438-2
ISSN	1520-510X ; 0020-1669
ISSN (online)	1520-510X
ISSN	0020-1669
DOI	10.1021/ic980956z
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