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Article ; Online: Targeting the glycans: A paradigm for host-targeted and COVID-19 drug design.

Pourrajab, Fatemeh

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine

2021

Abstract: There is always a need for new approaches for the control of virus burdens caused by seasonal outbreaks, the emergence of novel viruses with pandemic potential and the development of resistance to current antiviral drugs. The outbreak of the 2019 novel ... ...

Abstract	There is always a need for new approaches for the control of virus burdens caused by seasonal outbreaks, the emergence of novel viruses with pandemic potential and the development of resistance to current antiviral drugs. The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus-disease COVID-19 represented a pandemic threat and declared a public health emergency of international concern. Herein, the role of glycans for the development of new drugs or vaccines, as a host-targeted approach, is discussed where may provide a front-line prophylactic or threats to protect against the current and any future respiratory-infecting virus and possibly against other respiratory pathogens. As a prototype, the role of glycans in the coronavirus infection, as well as, galectins (Gal) as the glycan-recognition agents (GRAs) in drug design are here summarized. Galectins, in particular, Gal-1 and Gal-3 are ubiquitous and important to biological systems, whose interactions with viral glycans modulate host immunity and homeostatic balance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2074559-X
ISSN	1582-4934 ; 1582-4934 ; 1582-1838
ISSN (online)	1582-4934
ISSN	1582-4934 ; 1582-1838
DOI	10.1111/jcmm.16585
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Article ; Online: Blood Features Associated with Viral Infection Severity: An Experience from COVID-19-Pandemic Patients Hospitalized in the Center of Iran, Yazd.

Sadeghi-Nodoushan, Fatemeh / Zare-Khormizi, Mohamad Reza / Hekmatimoghaddam, Seyedhossein / Pourrajab, Fatemeh

International journal of clinical practice

2024 Volume 2024, Page(s) 7484645

Abstract: Pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest as systemic infections that affect multiple organs and show laboratory manifestations. We aimed to analyze laboratory findings to understand possible mechanisms of organ dysfunction and ... ...

Abstract	Pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest as systemic infections that affect multiple organs and show laboratory manifestations. We aimed to analyze laboratory findings to understand possible mechanisms of organ dysfunction and risk stratification of hospitalized patients in these epidemics.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Male ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics ; Iran/epidemiology ; Hospitalization
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1386246-7
ISSN	1742-1241 ; 1368-5031
ISSN (online)	1742-1241
ISSN	1368-5031
DOI	10.1155/2024/7484645
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Article ; Online: New synthetic derivatives of isoindoline-dione: synthesis, neuroprotection assay and impact on the expression level of oxidative stress-related genes in neuronal-like cell line.

Pourparizi, Abdolrahim / Vazirinia, Mina / Pourrajab, Fatemeh / Nadri, Hamid / Davood, Asghar

Journal of receptor and signal transduction research

2024 Volume 43, Issue 6, Page(s) 123–132

Abstract: Purpose: Oxidative stress can damage cells and cause age-related illnesses such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's. This study looked at newly synthesized isoindole derivatives and their effects on SH-SY5Y as a neuroblastoma cell under ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Oxidative stress can damage cells and cause age-related illnesses such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's. This study looked at newly synthesized isoindole derivatives and their effects on SH-SY5Y as a neuroblastoma cell under oxidative stress through the NRF2 signaling pathway. NRF2 transcription factor plays a vital role in the oxidative stress response and cellular homeostasis. Method: Three isoindoline-dione derivatives were synthesized by reacting phthalic anhydrides with 4-(2-aminoethyl)-1-benzyl piperidine. Their structures were confirmed through FT-IR, NMR, and Mass spectroscopy. The derivatives were then tested on human SH-SY5Y cells under an oxidative stress model induced by hydrogen peroxide (H Results: Three isoindoline derivatives Conclusion: Isoindoline derivatives demonstrated a neuroprotective effect on SH-SY5Y cells through various neuroprotective mechanisms, although more studies are needed.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Neuroprotection ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism ; Protein Carbonylation ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Neuroblastoma/drug therapy ; Neuroblastoma/genetics ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; Apoptosis
Chemical Substances	NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V) ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Neuroprotective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1230969-2
ISSN	1532-4281 ; 1079-9893
ISSN (online)	1532-4281
ISSN	1079-9893
DOI	10.1080/10799893.2023.2291559
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Article ; Online: Dual role of glycans and binding receptors in pathogenesis of enveloped viruses (by mainly focusing on two recent pandemics).

Pourrajab, Fatemeh / Zare-Khormizi, Mohamad Reza

Expert reviews in molecular medicine

2023 Volume 25, Page(s) e19

Abstract: A period of about a decade has been estimated to pass for the emergence of a new infectious strain of a virus that may lead to the occurrence of a pandemic one. It is now suggested that the variants of the 1918 H1N1 and coronavirus disease-19 pandemics ... ...

Abstract	A period of about a decade has been estimated to pass for the emergence of a new infectious strain of a virus that may lead to the occurrence of a pandemic one. It is now suggested that the variants of the 1918 H1N1 and coronavirus disease-19 pandemics could have existed in humans after the initial cross-species introduction to humans and underwent multiple low-level seasonal epidemics before the occurrence of their outbreaks. They share similarities in the continuation, widespreadness due to high transmissibility, high fatality rate and clinical symptoms. They are assumed to share a similar principle of a zoonotic source and a cross-species pathway for transmission. They show some similarities in their pathogenesis with other enveloped viruses: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-1), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), human immunodeficiency virus, Ebola, Lassa and measles viruses. The highly pathogenic nature of these viruses and their genetic variants may depend on their binding affinity for host cell receptors, whereby they efficiently circumvent or block host cell immune responses triggered by cytokines (interferon). High transmission rates and viral pathogenicity are attributed to glycan moieties that facilitate virus binding to host multiple receptors and cell entry, thereby helping viruses to evade immune recognition and response. Also, mucosa glycotopes are a matter of concern that play as primary sites for virus attachment and body entry. Finding general lectins or ligands that block the viral-host receptors interaction or identifying individual glycotopes is the therapeutic and prognosis topic that demands the main focus.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pandemics ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; COVID-19 ; Viruses ; Polysaccharides
Chemical Substances	Polysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	1462-3994
ISSN (online)	1462-3994
DOI	10.1017/erm.2023.12
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Article: Astaxanthin improves fatty acid dysregulation in diabetes by controlling the AMPK-SIRT1 pathway.

Taghiyar, Sana / Pourrajab, Fatemeh / Aarabi, Mohammad Hosein

EXCLI journal

2023 Volume 22, Page(s) 502–515

Abstract: Due to the rising prevalence of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), new prevention and treatment strategies are needed. The aim was to examine the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on the major regulatory metabolism pathway SIRT-MAPK and ... ...

Abstract	Due to the rising prevalence of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), new prevention and treatment strategies are needed. The aim was to examine the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on the major regulatory metabolism pathway SIRT-MAPK and fatty acid (FA) profile of plasma in patients with T2DM. This clinical trial included 68 T2DM patients randomly assigned to receive 10 mg/day of oral AST (n = 34) or placebo (n = 33) for 12 weeks. The expression level of SIRT1, AMPK activity, and the level of fatty acids in the serum were examined. The results showed that AST could modify the serum levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly that of Arachidonic acid, from 11.31±0.35 to 8.52±0.72 %. Also, AST increased the expression and activity levels of SIRT1 and AMPK, respectively. Pearson analysis also revealed a significant association between AMPK activity and Linoleic acid serum (LA) levels (~ -0.604, p~0.013). AST can modify the FA profile of plasma by inducing metabolizing cells to uptake them. Also, it can activate the SIRT-AMPK pathway related to metabolism regulation. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-14
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1611-2156
ISSN	1611-2156
DOI	10.17179/excli2023-6132
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Article: Transposable elements, contributors in the evolution of organisms (from an arms race to a source of raw materials).

Pourrajab, Fatemeh / Hekmatimoghaddam, Seyedhossein

Heliyon

2021 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) e06029

Abstract: There is a concept proposing that the primitive lineages of prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses emerged from the primordial pool of primitive genetic elements. In this genetic pool, transposable elements (TEs) became a source of raw material for ... ...

Abstract	There is a concept proposing that the primitive lineages of prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses emerged from the primordial pool of primitive genetic elements. In this genetic pool, transposable elements (TEs) became a source of raw material for primitive genomes, tools of genetic innovation, and ancestors of modern genes (e.g. ncRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs). TEs contributed directly to the genome evolution of three forms of life on the earth. TEs now appear as tools that were used to giving rise to sexual dimorphism and sex determination, lineage-specific expression of genes and tissue differentiation and finally genome stability and lifespan determination.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06029
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Article ; Online: Extrachromosomal Circular DNAs, Amplified Oncogenes, and CRISPR-Cas9 System.

Pourrajab, Fatemeh / Zare-Khormizi, Mohamad Reza

Molecular pharmacology

2022 Volume 102, Issue 4, Page(s) 209–215

Abstract: Structurally rearranged extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) have been identified in tumor cells, many of which carry regions related to recurrent cancer driver oncogenes (e.g., ...

Abstract	Structurally rearranged extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) have been identified in tumor cells, many of which carry regions related to recurrent cancer driver oncogenes (e.g.,
MeSH term(s)	CRISPR-Associated Protein 9/genetics ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; DNA ; DNA, Circular/genetics ; ErbB Receptors/genetics ; Humans ; Oncogenes/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA, Circular ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; ErbB Receptors (EC 2.7.10.1) ; CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 (EC 3.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	124034-1
ISSN	1521-0111 ; 0026-895X
ISSN (online)	1521-0111
ISSN	0026-895X
DOI	10.1124/molpharm.122.000553
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Article ; Online: Transposable elements, contributors in the evolution of organisms (from an arms race to a source of raw materials)

Fatemeh Pourrajab / Seyedhossein Hekmatimoghaddam

Heliyon, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp e06029- (2021)

2021

Abstract	There is a concept proposing that the primitive lineages of prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and viruses emerged from the primordial pool of primitive genetic elements. In this genetic pool, transposable elements (TEs) became a source of raw material for primitive genomes, tools of genetic innovation, and ancestors of modern genes (e.g. ncRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs). TEs contributed directly to the genome evolution of three forms of life on the earth. TEs now appear as tools that were used to giving rise to sexual dimorphism and sex determination, lineage-specific expression of genes and tissue differentiation and finally genome stability and lifespan determination.
Keywords	Transposable elements ; Genomes ; Species evolution ; Non-coding RNAs ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Evaluating the Effects of Separate and Concomitant Use of MK-2206 and Salinomycin on Prostate Cancer Cell Line.

Savaee, Mohamadreza / Bakhshi, Ali / Yaghoubi, Fatemeh / Pourrajab, Fatemeh / Goodarzvand Chegini, Koorosh

Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology

2022 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 157–165

Abstract: Background: Prostate cancer is known as one of the most prevalent health disorders in the male population globally. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of separate and concomitant use of MK-2206 and salinomycin on prostate cancer ... ...

Abstract	Background: Prostate cancer is known as one of the most prevalent health disorders in the male population globally. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of separate and concomitant use of MK-2206 and salinomycin on prostate cancer cell line. Methods: The antitumor potential of separate and concomitant use of MK-2206 and salinomycin was evaluated in a panel of prostate cancer cell line (PC-3). To get insights into the underlying mechanism of action, different assays including the rate of apoptosis, cell viability, and gene expression were performed in treated prostate cancer cells. Results: A significant reduction was detected in the viability percentage of prostate cancer cells (p< 0.001) and the rate of Akt expression (p< 0.001) in all salinomycin, MK-2206, and salinomycin+MK-2206 groups compared to the negative control group. Furthermore, in comparison with the negative control group, there was a notable increase in both the rate of Bad expression (p< 0.001) and prostate cancer cells apoptosis after salinomycin, MK-2206, and salinomycin+MK-2206 treatments. Moreover, the concomitant use of salinomycin+MK-2206 revealed synergistic improvements regarding the viability of prostate cancer cells and the rate of the Akt and Bad expressions compared to the separate administration of salinomycin and MK-2206 (all p< 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study may contribute to improving the efficacy of the therapies regarding the management of prostate cancer and providing a beneficial strategy in clinical trials.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-28
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2743890-9
ISSN	2322-3480
ISSN	2322-3480
DOI	10.52547/rbmb.11.1.157
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Article: Molecular Basis for Pathogenicity of Human Coronaviruses.

Pourrajab, Fatemeh / Zare-Khormizi, Mohamad Reza / Sheikhha, Mohammad Hasan

Infection and drug resistance

2020 Volume 13, Page(s) 2385–2405

Abstract: Over the past years, several zoonotic viruses have crossed the species barrier into humans and have been causing outbreaks of severe, and often fatal, respiratory illness. The 21st century has seen the worldwide spread of three recognized coronaviruses ( ... ...

Abstract	Over the past years, several zoonotic viruses have crossed the species barrier into humans and have been causing outbreaks of severe, and often fatal, respiratory illness. The 21st century has seen the worldwide spread of three recognized coronaviruses (CoVs) which can cause pneumonia and severe acute respiratory symptoms (SARSs), SARS, MERS, and recently SARS-CoV-2. Herein, it is raising concerns about the dissemination of another new and highly lethal pandemic outbreak. Preparing for a pandemic outbreak involves a great deal of awareness necessary to stop initial outbreaks, through recognizing the molecular mechanisms underlying virus transmission and pathogenicity. CoV spike protein S is the key determinant of host tropism and viral pathogenicity which can undergo variations and makes the CoV a highly pathogenic and diffusible virus capable of sustained human-to-human transmission and spread easily. The three mentioned CoVs exhibit some similarities in S protein whereby constitute a promising target for the development of prophylactics and therapeutics in the future.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-17
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2494856-1
ISSN	1178-6973
ISSN	1178-6973
DOI	10.2147/IDR.S255156
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