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  1. Article ; Online: Withanolides, the hidden gem in Physalis minima: A mini review on their anti-inflammatory, anti-neuroinflammatory and anti-cancer effects.

    Lem, Fui Fui / Yong, Yoong Soon / Goh, Saintella / Chin, Su Na / Chee, Fong Tyng

    Food chemistry

    2022  Volume 377, Page(s) 132002

    Abstract: The Southeast Asian rainforests, notably in East Malaysia, are home to a diverse range of medicinal plant species with limitless therapeutic potential. Physalis minima (family Solanaceae) is a native East Malaysia plant which is closely linked to P. ... ...

    Abstract The Southeast Asian rainforests, notably in East Malaysia, are home to a diverse range of medicinal plant species with limitless therapeutic potential. Physalis minima (family Solanaceae) is a native East Malaysia plant which is closely linked to P. angulata, are recognized for their various pharmacology properties are abundance in Withanolides, a C
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Physalis ; Plants, Medicinal ; Withanolides/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Withanolides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 243123-3
    ISSN 1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
    ISSN (online) 1873-7072
    ISSN 0308-8146
    DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.132002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Withanolides, the hidden gem in Physalis minima: A mini review on their anti-inflammatory, anti-neuroinflammatory and anti-cancer effects

    Lem, Fui Fui / Yong, Yoong Soon / Goh, Saintella / Chin, Su Na / Chee, Fong Tyng

    Food chemistry. 2022 May 30, v. 377

    2022  

    Abstract: The Southeast Asian rainforests, notably in East Malaysia, are home to a diverse range of medicinal plant species with limitless therapeutic potential. Physalis minima (family Solanaceae) is a native East Malaysia plant which is closely linked to P. ... ...

    Abstract The Southeast Asian rainforests, notably in East Malaysia, are home to a diverse range of medicinal plant species with limitless therapeutic potential. Physalis minima (family Solanaceae) is a native East Malaysia plant which is closely linked to P. angulata, are recognized for their various pharmacology properties are abundance in Withanolides, a C₂₈-steroidal lactones based on an ergostane skeleton. This review focuses on the bioactive compounds of this herb, as it is frequently used to treat inflammation, neurodegenerative disease and cancer among East Malaysian ethnic groups. In this review, a total of 103 Withanolides were reported, with 59 of them being newly characterized. Previous scientific data revealed that Withanolides were intriguing principal compounds for inflammatory, neuroinflammatory and cancer treatment due to unique steroidal structure and strong bioactivities. Despite their excellent pharmacological characteristics, only a few Withanolides have been extensively studied, and the majority of them, particularly the newly discovered Withanolides, remained unknown for their therapeutic properties. This indicates that P. minima compounds are worth to be investigate for its pharmacological effects.
    Keywords cancer therapy ; food chemistry ; inflammation ; lactones ; medicinal plants ; neurodegenerative diseases ; skeleton ; Malaysia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0530
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 243123-3
    ISSN 1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
    ISSN (online) 1873-7072
    ISSN 0308-8146
    DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.132002
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: Molecular Mechanism of Action of Repurposed Drugs and Traditional Chinese Medicine Used for the Treatment of Patients Infected With COVID-19: A Systematic Scoping Review.

    Lem, Fui Fui / Opook, Fernandes / Lee, Dexter Jiunn Herng / Chee, Fong Tyng / Lawson, Fahcina P / Chin, Su Na

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2021  Volume 11, Page(s) 585331

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2020.585331
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Molecular Mechanism of Action of Repurposed Drugs and Traditional Chinese Medicine Used for the Treatment of Patients Infected With COVID-19

    Fui Fui Lem / Fernandes Opook / Dexter Jiunn Herng Lee / Fong Tyng Chee / Fahcina P. Lawson / Su Na Chin

    Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol

    A Systematic Scoping Review

    2021  Volume 11

    Abstract: Background: The emergence of COVID-19 as a pandemic has resulted in the need for urgent development of vaccines and drugs and the conduction of clinical trials to fight the outbreak. Because of the time constraints associated with the development of ... ...

    Abstract Background: The emergence of COVID-19 as a pandemic has resulted in the need for urgent development of vaccines and drugs and the conduction of clinical trials to fight the outbreak. Because of the time constraints associated with the development of vaccines and effective drugs, drug repurposing and other alternative treatment methods have been used to treat patients that have been infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and have acquired COVID-19.Objective: The objective of this systematic scoping review is to provide an overview of the molecular mechanism of action of repurposed drugs or alternative treatment medicines used to attenuate COVID-19 disease.Method: The research articles or gray literature, including theses, government reports, and official news online, were identified from four databases and one search engine. The full content of a total of 160 articles that fulfilled our inclusion criteria was analyzed and information about six drugs (ritonavir, lopinavir, oseltamivir, remdesivir, favipiravir, and chloroquine) and four Traditional Chinese Medicines (Shuang Huang Lian Kou Fu Ye, TCM combination of Bu Huan Jin Zheng Qi San and Da Yuan Yin, Xue Bi Jing Injection, and Qing Fei Pai Du Tang) was extracted.Results: All of the repurposed drugs and complementary medicine that have been used for the treatment of COVID-19 depend on the ability of the drug to inhibit the proliferation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by binding to enzyme active sites, viral chain termination, or triggering of the molecular pathway, whereas Traditional Chinese Medicine plays a pivotal role in triggering the inflammation pathway, such as the neuraminidase blocker, to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; alternative medicine ; repurposed drugs ; SARS-CoV-2 ; molecular mechanism ; Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RM1-950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Network pharmacology and component analysis of four herbs decoction molecular mechanism in hypertension treatment

    Fui Fui Lem / Fernandes Opook / Fahcina P. Lawson / Wilson Thau Lym Yong / Fong Tyng Chee

    Network Biology, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 54-

    2021  Volume 67

    Abstract: Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) are known for their curative effects on hypertension through a holistic approach. The molecular mechanisms of the formulation comprising Polygonum multiflorum, Rehmannia glutinosa, Senna obtusifolia and Crataegus, used ...

    Abstract Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) are known for their curative effects on hypertension through a holistic approach. The molecular mechanisms of the formulation comprising Polygonum multiflorum, Rehmannia glutinosa, Senna obtusifolia and Crataegus, used by Chinese practitioners in ameliorating hypertension, however remain a mystery. This initial study is thus aimed at unveiling the molecular mechanisms of this TCM formulation in treating hypertension. The methanolic extract compounds of the decoction were identified through Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Oral bioavailability and drug likeness were then measured to filter out identified compounds. Several databases, such as the SwissTargetPrediction, STRING, OMIM and KEGG, were used to retrieve information on the predicted targets for the purpose of developing a network using Cytoscape Version 3.8. Enrichment analysis was then performed to elucidate the mechanisms of the decoction in hypertension mitigation. A total of 11 compounds identified were revealed to possess bioavailable and drug like characteristics, based on the Veber and Quantitative Estimation of Drug-likeness (QED) parameters. Pathway analysis showed enrichment of pathways such as cardiac muscle contraction, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, dilated cardiomyopathy, renin-angiotensin system and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which are all strongly associated with hypertension. The network pharmacology analysis clearly shows that this TCM decoction ameliorates hypertension through several indirect pathways where most of the targets are involved in HCM, which is caused by hypertension.
    Keywords polygonum multiflorum ; rehmannia glutinosa ; senna obtusifolia ; crataegus ; hypertension ; network pharmacological analysis ; network medicine ; ethnomedicine ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Molecular mechanism of action of repurposed drugs and traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of patients infected with COVID-19: A systematic review

    Lem, Fui Fui / Opook, Fernandes / Herng, Dexter Lee Jiunn / Tyng, Chee Fong / Lawson, Fahcina P / Na, Chin Su

    Abstract: The emergence of COVID-19 as a pandemic has resulted in the need for urgent development of vaccines and drugs and the conduction of clinical trials to fight the outbreak. Because of the time constraints associated with the development of vaccines and ... ...

    Abstract The emergence of COVID-19 as a pandemic has resulted in the need for urgent development of vaccines and drugs and the conduction of clinical trials to fight the outbreak. Because of the time constraints associated with the development of vaccines and effective drugs, drug repurposing and other alternative treatment methods have been used to treat patients that have been infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and have acquired COVID-19. In this systematic review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanism of action of repurposed drugs or alternative treatment medicines used to attenuate COVID-19 disease. The research articles or grey literature, including theses, government reports, and official news online, were identified from 4 databases and 1 search engine. The full content of a total of 160 articles that fulfilled our inclusion criteria was analyzed and information about 6 drugs (ritonavir, lopinavir, oseltamivir, remdesivir, favipiravir, and chloroquine) and 4 traditional Chinese medicines (Shuang Huang Lian Kou Fu Ye, TCM combination of Bu Huan Jin Zheng Qi San and Da Yuan Yin, Xue Bi Jing Injection and Qing Fei Pai Du Tang) were extracted. All of the drug treatment options depend on the ability of the drug to inhibit the proliferation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by binding to enzyme active sites, viral chain termination, or triggering of the molecular pathway, whereas traditional Chinese medicine has a pivotal role in triggering the inflammation pathway, such as the neuraminidase blocker, to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This review provides an insight to experimental validation of drugs and alternative medicine used for the treatment and control of COVID-19.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher MedRxiv; WHO
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.04.10.20060376
    Database COVID19

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  7. Article ; Online: Molecular mechanism of action of repurposed drugs and traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of patients infected with COVID-19: A systematic review

    Lem, Fui Fui / Opook, Fernandes / Herng, Dexter Lee Jiunn / Na, Chin Su / Lawson, Fahcina P / Tyng, Chee Fong

    medRxiv

    Abstract: The emergence of COVID-19 as a pandemic has resulted in the need for urgent development of vaccines and drugs and the conduction of clinical trials to fight the outbreak. Because of the time constraints associated with the development of vaccines and ... ...

    Abstract The emergence of COVID-19 as a pandemic has resulted in the need for urgent development of vaccines and drugs and the conduction of clinical trials to fight the outbreak. Because of the time constraints associated with the development of vaccines and effective drugs, drug repurposing and other alternative treatment methods have been used to treat patients that have been infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and have acquired COVID-19. In this systematic review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanism of action of repurposed drugs or alternative treatment medicines used to attenuate COVID-19 disease. The research articles or grey literature, including theses, government reports, and official news online, were identified from 4 databases and 1 search engine. The full content of a total of 160 articles that fulfilled our inclusion criteria was analyzed and information about 6 drugs (ritonavir, lopinavir, oseltamivir, remdesivir, favipiravir, and chloroquine) and 3 traditional Chinese medicines (Shuang Huang Lian Kou Fu Ye, TCM combination of Bu Huan Jin Zheng Qi San and Da Yuan Yin, Xue Bi Jing Injection and Qing Fei Pai Du Tang) were extracted. All of the drug treatment options depend on the ability of the drug to inhibit the proliferation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by binding to enzyme active sites, viral chain termination, or triggering of the molecular pathway, whereas traditional Chinese medicine has a pivotal role in triggering the inflammation pathway, such as the neuraminidase blocker, to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This review provides an insight to experimental validation of drugs and alternative medicine used for the treatment and control of COVID-19.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-14
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.04.10.20060376
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article ; Online: Chemical composition and cytotoxic properties of Clinacanthus nutans root extracts.

    Teoh, Peik Lin / Cheng, Angelina Ying Fang / Liau, Monica / Lem, Fui Fui / Kaling, Grace P / Chua, Fern Nie / Cheong, Bo Eng

    Pharmaceutical biology

    2016  Volume 55, Issue 1, Page(s) 394–401

    Abstract: Context: Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (Acanthaceae) is a medicinal plant that has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial and antivenom activities. In Malaysia, it has been widely claimed to be effective in various cancer ... ...

    Abstract Context: Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (Acanthaceae) is a medicinal plant that has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial and antivenom activities. In Malaysia, it has been widely claimed to be effective in various cancer treatments but scientific evidence is lacking.
    Objective: This study investigates the chemical constituents, anti-proliferative, and apoptotic properties of C. nutans root extracts.
    Materials and methods: The roots were subjected to solvent extraction using methanol and ethyl acetate. The anti-proliferative effects of root extracts were tested at the concentrations of 10 to 50 μg/mL on MCF-7 and HeLa by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for 72 h. Morphological changes were observed under light microscope. Pro-apoptotic effects of root extracts were examined using flow cytometric analysis and RT-PCR. The chemical compositions of root extracts were detected using GC-MS.
    Results: The proliferation of MCF-7 cells was inhibited with the IC
    Discussion and conclusions: The results demonstrated that root extracts promote apoptosis by suppressing BCL2 via mitochondria-dependent or independent manner. The identified compounds might work solely or cooperatively in regulating apoptosis. However, further studies are required to address this.
    MeSH term(s) Acanthaceae/chemistry ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Cell Nucleus Shape/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly/drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; MCF-7 Cells ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts/isolation & purification ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Plant Roots/chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Solvents/chemistry ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Plant Extracts ; Solvents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1440131-9
    ISSN 1744-5116 ; 1388-0209
    ISSN (online) 1744-5116
    ISSN 1388-0209
    DOI 10.1080/13880209.2016.1242145
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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