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Article ; Online: Competing particle attractee in liquid bridges.

Parker, Robert / Capobianchi, Paolo / Lappa, Marcello

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

2023 Volume 381, Issue 2245, Page(s) 20220302

Abstract: Assuming the so-called particle accumulation structures (PAS) in liquid bridges as archetypal systems for the investigation of particle self-assembly phenomena in laminar time-periodic flows, an attempt is made here to disentangle the complex hierarchy ... ...

Abstract	Assuming the so-called particle accumulation structures (PAS) in liquid bridges as archetypal systems for the investigation of particle self-assembly phenomena in laminar time-periodic flows, an attempt is made here to disentangle the complex hierarchy of relationships existing between the multiplicity of the loci of aggregation (streamtubes which coexist in the physical space as competing attractee) and the particle structures effectively showing up. While the former depends on purely topological (fluid-dynamic) arguments, the influential factors driving the outcomes of the fluid-particle interaction seem to obey a much more complex logic, which makes the arrangement of particles different from realization to realization. Through numerical solution of the governing Eulerian and Lagrangian equations for liquid and mass transport, we show that for a fixed aspect ratio of the liquid bridge, particles can be gradually transferred from one streamtube to another as the Stokes number and/or the Marangoni number are varied. Moreover, ranges exist where these attractors compete resulting in overlapping or intertwined particle structures, some of which, characterized by a strong degree of asymmetry, have never been reported before. This article is part of the theme issue 'New trends in pattern formation and nonlinear dynamics of extended systems'.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	208381-4
ISSN	1471-2962 ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
ISSN (online)	1471-2962
ISSN	0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
DOI	10.1098/rsta.2022.0302
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Article ; Online: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: how the Italian public is being informed.

Antonelli, G / Capobianchi, M R / Riva, E

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

2020 Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 791–792

MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Epidemics/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Italy/epidemiology ; Pandemics/statistics & numerical data ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Public Health/statistics & numerical data ; SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1328418-6
ISSN	1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
ISSN (online)	1469-0691
ISSN	1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
DOI	10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.037
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Article: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: how the Italian public is being informed

Antonelli, G / Capobianchi, M R / Riva, E

Clin Microbiol Infect

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #27473
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic

Antonelli, G. / Capobianchi, M.R. / Riva, E.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

how the Italian public is being informed

2020 Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 791–792

Keywords	Microbiology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1328418-6
ISSN	1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
ISSN (online)	1469-0691
ISSN	1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
DOI	10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.037
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Article: Virus-Negative Necrotizing Coronary Vasculitis with Aneurysm Formation in Human SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Frustaci, Andrea / Francone, Marco / Verardo, Romina / Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria / Chimenti, Cristina

Infectious disease reports

2021 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 597–601

Abstract: We report a case of myopericarditis associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection with necrotizing coronary vasculitis of intramural vessels, giving rise to biventricular apical microaneurysms and to electrical instability. Negativity of myocardial polymerase chain ...

Abstract	We report a case of myopericarditis associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection with necrotizing coronary vasculitis of intramural vessels, giving rise to biventricular apical microaneurysms and to electrical instability. Negativity of myocardial polymerase chain reaction for the most common cardiotropic viruses and for SARS-CoV-2 suggested an immune-mediated myocardial and pericardial inflammatory disease. High dose (1 mg/Kg daily) prednisone and anti-viral (Remdesivir, IDA Business, Carrigtohill, County Cork, T45 DP77, Ireland) therapy led to resolution of cardiac inflammation and ventricular arrhythmias. Morpho-molecular characterization of endomyocardial tissue may improve the outcome in subjects with SARS-CoV-2-associated myopericarditis and coronary vasculitis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2036-7430
ISSN	2036-7430
DOI	10.3390/idr13030055
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Article ; Online: Hepatitis C virus: life cycle in cells, infection and host response, and analysis of molecular markers influencing the outcome of infection and response to therapy.

Dustin, L B / Bartolini, B / Capobianchi, M R / Pistello, M

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

2016 Volume 22, Issue 10, Page(s) 826–832

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global health burden accounting for around 170 million chronic infections worldwide. Since its discovery, which dates back to about 30 years ago, many details of the viral genome organization and the astonishing genetic ...

Abstract	Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global health burden accounting for around 170 million chronic infections worldwide. Since its discovery, which dates back to about 30 years ago, many details of the viral genome organization and the astonishing genetic diversity have been unveiled but, owing to the difficulty of culturing HCV in vitro and obtaining fully susceptible yet immunocompetent in vivo models, we are still a long way from the full comprehension of viral life cycle, host cell pathways facilitating or counteracting infection, pathogenetic mechanisms in vivo, and host defences. Here, we illustrate the viral life cycle into cells, describe the interplay between immune and genetic host factors shaping the course of infection, and provide details of the molecular approaches currently used to genotype, monitor replication in vivo, and study the emergence of drug-resistant viral variants.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/pathogenicity ; Hepacivirus/physiology ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/genetics ; Hepatitis C/immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Virulence Factors/genetics ; Virulence Factors/immunology ; Virus Replication
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Virulence Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1328418-6
ISSN	1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
ISSN (online)	1469-0691
ISSN	1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
DOI	10.1016/j.cmi.2016.08.025
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Article: In vitro

Sberna, Giuseppe / Biagi, Marco / Marafini, Giovanni / Nardacci, Roberta / Biava, Mirella / Colavita, Francesca / Piselli, Pierluca / Miraldi, Elisabetta / D'Offizi, Gianpiero / Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria / Amendola, Alessandra

Frontiers in microbiology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 799546

Abstract: Except for specific vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, effective prophylactic or post-exposure therapeutic treatments are currently limited for COVID-19. Propolis, a honeybee's product, has been suggested as a potential candidate for treatment of COVID- ... ...

Abstract	Except for specific vaccines and monoclonal antibodies, effective prophylactic or post-exposure therapeutic treatments are currently limited for COVID-19. Propolis, a honeybee's product, has been suggested as a potential candidate for treatment of COVID-19 for its immunomodulatory properties and for its powerful activity against various types of viruses, including common coronaviruses. However, direct evidence regarding the antiviral activities of this product still remains poorly documented. VERO E6 and CALU3 cell lines were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and cultured in the presence of 12.5 or 25 μg/ml of a standardized Hydroalcoholic Extract acronym (sHEP) of Eurasian poplar type propolis and analyzed for viral RNA transcription, for cell damage by optical and electron microscopy, and for virus infectivity by viral titration at 2, 24, 48, and 72 h post-infection. The three main components of sHEP, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, galangin, and pinocembrin, were tested for the antiviral power, either alone or in combination. On both cell lines, sHEP showed significant effects mainly on CALU3 up to 48 h, i.e., some protection from cytopathic effects and consistent reduction of infected cell number, fewer viral particles inside cellular vesicles, reduction of viral titration in supernatants, dramatic drop of N gene negative sense RNA synthesis, and lower concentration of E gene RNA in cell extracts. Interestingly, pre-treatment of cells with sHEP before virus inoculation induced these same effects described previously and was not able to block virus entry. When used in combination, the three main constituents of sHEP showed antiviral activity at the same levels of sHEP. sHEP has a remarkable ability to hinder the replication of SARS-CoV-2, to limit new cycles of infection, and to protect host cells against the cytopathic effect, albeit with rather variable results. However, sHEP do not block the virus entry into the cells. The antiviral activity observed with the three main components of sHEP used in combination highlights that the mechanism underlying the antiviral activity of sHEP is probably the result of a synergistic effect. These data add further emphasis on the possible therapeutic role of this special honeybee's product as an adjuvant to official treatments of COVID-19 patients for its direct antiviral activity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.799546
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Article ; Online: Late Relapse and Reinfection in HCV Patients Treated with Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Drugs.

Minosse, Claudia / Gruber, Cesare E M / Rueca, Martina / Taibi, Chiara / Zaccarelli, Mauro / Grilli, Elisabetta / Montalbano, Marzia / Capobianchi, Maria R / Antinori, Andrea / D'Offizi, Gianpiero / McPhee, Fiona / Garbuglia, Anna Rosa

Viruses

2021 Volume 13, Issue 6

Abstract: The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment is <0.5%. However, the distinction between HCV RNA late relapse and reinfection still represents a challenge in virological diagnostics. The aim of this study ... ...

Abstract	The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence after direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment is <0.5%. However, the distinction between HCV RNA late relapse and reinfection still represents a challenge in virological diagnostics. The aim of this study was to employ next-generation sequencing (NGS) to investigate HCV RNA recurrence in patients achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) at least six months post-treatment. NGS was performed on plasma samples from six HCV-positive patients (Pt1-6) treated with DAA. NGS of HCV NS5B was analyzed before treatment (T0), after HCV RNA rebound (T1), and, for Pt3, after a second rebound (T2). Reinfection was confirmed for Pt5, and for the first rebound observed in Pt3. Conversely, viral relapse was observed when comparing T0 and T1 for Pt6 and T1 and T2 for Pt3. Z-scores were calculated and used to predict whether HCV-positive patient samples at different time points belonged to the same quasispecies population. A low
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Base Sequence ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/classification ; Hepacivirus/drug effects ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis C/diagnosis ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C/virology ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenotype ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; Recurrence ; Reinfection ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13061151
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Article ; Online: The interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infected airway epithelium and immune cells modulates regulatory/inflammatory signals.

Bordoni, Veronica / Matusali, Giulia / Mariotti, Davide / Antonioli, Manuela / Cimini, Eleonora / Sacchi, Alessandra / Tartaglia, Eleonora / Casetti, Rita / Grassi, Germana / Notari, Stefania / Castilletti, Concetta / Fimia, Gian Maria / Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria / Ippolito, Giuseppe / Agrati, Chiara

iScience

2022 Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 103854

Abstract: To assess the cross-talk between immune cells and respiratory tract during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we analyzed the relationships between the inflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 replication and immune cells phenotype in a reconstituted organotypic ... ...

Abstract	To assess the cross-talk between immune cells and respiratory tract during SARS-CoV-2 infection, we analyzed the relationships between the inflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 replication and immune cells phenotype in a reconstituted organotypic human airway epithelium (HAE). The results indicated that immune cells failed to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in the HAE model. In contrast, immune cells strongly affected the inflammatory profile induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection, dampening the production of several immunoregulatory/inflammatory signals (e.g., IL-35, IL-27, and IL-34). Moreover, these mediators were found inversely correlated with innate immune cell frequency (NK and γδ T cells) and directly with CD8 T cells. The enriched signals associated with NK and CD8 T cells highlighted the modulation of pathways induced by SARS-CoV-2 infected HAE. These findings are useful to depict the cell-cell communication mechanisms necessary to develop novel therapeutic strategies aimed to promote an effective immune response.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2022.103854
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Article ; Online: Differential Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Binding and Functional Antibodies upon BNT162b2 Vaccine: A 6-Month Follow-Up.

Matusali, Giulia / Sberna, Giuseppe / Meschi, Silvia / Gramigna, Giulia / Colavita, Francesca / Lapa, Daniele / Francalancia, Massimo / Bettini, Aurora / Capobianchi, Maria R / Puro, Vincenzo / Castilletti, Concetta / Vaia, Francesco / Bordi, Licia

Viruses

2022 Volume 14, Issue 2

Abstract: To investigate the dynamic association among binding and functional antibodies in health-care-workers receiving two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19-vaccine, SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD IgG, anti-Trimeric-S IgG, and neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) were measured in ...

Abstract	To investigate the dynamic association among binding and functional antibodies in health-care-workers receiving two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19-vaccine, SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD IgG, anti-Trimeric-S IgG, and neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) were measured in serum samples collected at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months from full vaccination. Despite the high correlation, results for anti-RBD and anti-Trimeric S IgG were numerically different even after recalculation to BAU/mL following WHO standards indications. Moreover, after a peak response at 2 weeks, anti-RBD IgG levels showed a 4.5 and 13 fold decrease at 3 and 6 months, respectively, while the anti-Trimeric S IgG presented a less pronounced decay of 2.8 and 4.7 fold. Further different dynamics were observed for Nabs titers, resulting comparable at 3 and 6 months from vaccination. We also demonstrated that at NAbs titers ≥40, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the optimal cutoff point decreased with time from vaccination for both anti-RBD and anti-Trimeric S IgG. The mutating relation among the anti-RBD IgG, anti-Trimeric S IgG, and neutralizing antibodies are indicative of antibody maturation upon vaccination. The lack of standardized laboratory procedures is one factor interfering with the definition of a correlate of protection from COVID-19.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/metabolism ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/metabolism ; BNT162 Vaccine/administration & dosage ; BNT162 Vaccine/immunology ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Immunoglobulin G/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/metabolism ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14020312
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