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  1. Article: Innate immune molecular connections between atherosclerosis and statins: can the clinical laboratory venture beyond C-reactive protein?

    Staros, Eric B

    American journal of clinical pathology

    2006  Volume 125, Issue 1, Page(s) 8–15

    Abstract: Innate immunity was originally envisioned as a nonspecific host response to microbial pathogens. However, in the past few years, immunologists have discovered toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their role in recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. ...

    Abstract Innate immunity was originally envisioned as a nonspecific host response to microbial pathogens. However, in the past few years, immunologists have discovered toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their role in recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. TLRs and other components of innate immunity now help to explain the pathologic mechanisms underlying many common diseases, including atherosclerosis. At this time, C-reactive protein is the most useful biomarker for evaluating the inflammatory aspect of atherogenesis. Yet, operating beneath this commonly assayed biomarker are other components of the immune response. These inflammatory components of atherosclerosis and their genetic variations provide important insights. Today, novel antiatherogenic therapies are emerging, and at the same time a molecular groundwork is being laid for the genetic testing of statin efficacy. However, the adoption of clinical testing will need to wait until new therapeutic choices enter medical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Atherosclerosis/genetics ; Atherosclerosis/immunology ; Atherosclerosis/physiopathology ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/economics ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/economics ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Immunity, Innate/physiology ; Ligands ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Toll-Like Receptors/genetics ; Toll-Like Receptors/physiology
    Chemical Substances Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Ligands ; Toll-Like Receptors ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2944-0
    ISSN 1943-7722 ; 0002-9173
    ISSN (online) 1943-7722
    ISSN 0002-9173
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ud II Zs.91: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article: Molecular discoveries alter our view of inflammatory bowel disease. A review from scientific, clinical, and laboratory perspectives.

    Staros, Eric B

    American journal of clinical pathology

    2003  Volume 119, Issue 4, Page(s) 524–539

    Abstract: ... research into nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), the proteasome, interleukins, and ...

    Abstract Within the past decade, knowledge of the molecular basis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, has advanced owing to the explosive growth of research involving the human genome. Furthermore, a shared interest between molecular biologists and clinical researchers has contributed to an emerging understanding of IBD. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) belongs to an apoptotic regulatory family of genes and has been linked to CD. In addition, research into nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), the proteasome, interleukins, and tumor necrosis factor alpha has improved our understanding of IBD. Our understanding of these molecules and other scientific discoveries offers hope for new diagnostic tests and therapeutic agents. In the future, genetic markers will predict disease susceptibility, therapeutic responsiveness, and long-term sequelae of modern therapeutics. Also on the horizon, molecular markers promise to define disease heterogeneity, thereby providing a rational basis for patient-specific therapies. The molecular discoveries that are changing our views of IBD will affect the clinician, the laboratory professional, and the patient.
    MeSH term(s) Carrier Proteins/genetics ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/genetics ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/pathology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Molecular Biology/methods ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
    Chemical Substances Carrier Proteins ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; NOD2 protein, human ; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2944-0
    ISSN 1943-7722 ; 0002-9173
    ISSN (online) 1943-7722
    ISSN 0002-9173
    DOI 10.1309/7W3E-TL9N-Q9RH-HX61
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ud II Zs.91: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article: Innate immunity: New approaches to understanding its clinical significance.

    Staros, Eric B

    American journal of clinical pathology

    2003  Volume 123, Issue 2, Page(s) 305–312

    Abstract: Immunologists view innate immunity as evolution's ancient host response to infectious agents. Unlike vertebrates, in which antibodies and T-cell subsets rely on somatic mutations, molecular participants of innate immunity are encoded in the genome. ... ...

    Abstract Immunologists view innate immunity as evolution's ancient host response to infectious agents. Unlike vertebrates, in which antibodies and T-cell subsets rely on somatic mutations, molecular participants of innate immunity are encoded in the genome. Despite its heritage, many of innate immunity's sentinel molecules, intracellular transcriptional controls, and effector molecules participate in the pathogenesis of numerous complex human diseases. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), an important starting point, contact the environment and provide specific sensing for an important component of innate immunity. TLRs, found on macrophages, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells, recognize specific microbial molecular patterns. Beginning with these sentinel molecules, the process leads through intracytoplasmic mediators of transcription control and culminates with an array of host immune responses. Effector molecules include cytokines and the complement system. Polymorphisms within TLR genes might contribute to the pathogenesis of complex diseases. Disease associations linked to single nucleotide polymorphisms are in the early stage of experimental discovery; important clinical insights are emerging. Along these lines, studies of asthma provide an excellent example of how ancient ligand-receptor interactions and TLR polymorphisms provide new understanding of a common disease. New knowledge could facilitate the development of novel therapies.
    MeSH term(s) Asthma/immunology ; Humans ; Immune System/immunology ; Immunity/genetics ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Innate ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Toll-Like Receptors
    Chemical Substances Membrane Glycoproteins ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Toll-Like Receptors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-12-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2944-0
    ISSN 1943-7722 ; 0002-9173
    ISSN (online) 1943-7722
    ISSN 0002-9173
    DOI 10.1309/n0c7-0vcu-3ehl-57wk
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ud II Zs.91: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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