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Article ; Online: The continuing search for the origins of SARS-CoV-2.

Karlsson, Erik A / Duong, Veasna

2021 Volume 184, Issue 17, Page(s) 4373–4374

Abstract: Since the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019, there has been a global hunt for the origin of the ongoing pandemic. Zhou et al. provide further evidence of coronavirus diversity, including four novel SARS-CoV- ...

Abstract	Since the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019, there has been a global hunt for the origin of the ongoing pandemic. Zhou et al. provide further evidence of coronavirus diversity, including four novel SARS-CoV-2-related viruses, in bat species in Yunnan province, China.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; COVID-19 ; China ; Chiroptera ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	187009-9
ISSN	1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
ISSN (online)	1097-4172
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.035
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Article: The genetic diversity of Nipah virus across spatial scales.

Azuero, Oscar Cortés / Lefrancq, Noémie / Nikolay, Birgit / McKee, Clifton / Cappelle, Julien / Hul, Vibol / Ou, Tey Putita / Hoem, Thavry / Lemey, Philippe / Rahman, Mohammed Ziaur / Islam, Ausraful / Gurley, Emily S / Duong, Veasna / Salje, Henrik

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2023

Abstract: Nipah virus (NiV), a highly lethal virus in humans, circulates silently ... ...

Abstract	Nipah virus (NiV), a highly lethal virus in humans, circulates silently in
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.07.14.23292668
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Article ; Online: Construction and characterization of a new hepatitis C virus genotype 6a subgenomic replicon that is prone to render the sofosbuvir resistance.

Liu, Chaolun / Guo, Mingzhe / Han, Lin / Lu, Jie / Xiang, Xiaogang / Xie, Qing / Nouhin, Janin / Duong, Veasna / Tong, Yimin / Zhong, Jin

Journal of medical virology

2023 Volume 95, Issue 9, Page(s) e29103

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a challenge to human public health despite the development of highly effective direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Sofosbuvir (SOF), a key component in most DAA-based anti-HCV cocktail regimens, is a potent viral ... ...

Abstract	Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a challenge to human public health despite the development of highly effective direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Sofosbuvir (SOF), a key component in most DAA-based anti-HCV cocktail regimens, is a potent viral RNA polymerase (NS5B) inhibitor with a high barrier to drug resistance. The serine-to-threonine mutation at NS5B 282 (S282T) confers the SOF resistance, but severely impairs viral replication in most HCV genotypes (GTs) and cannot be stably maintained after the termination of the SOF-based therapies. In this study, we first developed a new HCV GT-6a subgenomic replicon PR58D6. Next, we selected SOF-resistant PR58D6 variants by culturing the replicon cells in the presence of SOF. Interestingly, unlike many other HCV replicons which require additional mutations to compensate for the S282T-inducing fitness loss, S282T alone in PR58D6 is genetically stable and confers the SOF resistance without significantly impairing viral replication. Furthermore, we showed that amino acid residue at NS5B 74 (R74) and 556 (D556) which are conserved in GT 6a HCV contribute to efficient replication of PR58D6 containing S282T. Finally, we showed that the G556D mutation in NS5B could rescue the replication deficiency of the S282T in JFH1, a GT-2a replicon. In conclusion, we showed that a novel GT-6a HCV replicon may easily render SOF resistance, which may call for attention to potential drug resistance during DAA therapies of HCV GT-6a patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sofosbuvir/pharmacology ; Subgenomic RNA ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Hepatitis C/drug therapy ; Genotype
Chemical Substances	Sofosbuvir (WJ6CA3ZU8B) ; Subgenomic RNA ; Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	752392-0
ISSN	1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
ISSN (online)	1096-9071
ISSN	0146-6615
DOI	10.1002/jmv.29103
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Article ; Online: Household clustering supports a novel chemoprophylaxis trial design for a mosquito-borne viral disease.

Watson, Hugh R / Duong, Veasna / Ly, Sowath / Mandron, Marie / Siqueira, André M / Ribeiro, Guilherme S

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2022 Volume 122, Page(s) 169–173

Abstract: Infections because of chikungunya and other mosquito-borne viruses, such as dengue and Zika, represent an area of significant unmet medical need. There are currently no approved medicines for prophylaxis or treatment of these diseases, and the ... ...

Abstract	Infections because of chikungunya and other mosquito-borne viruses, such as dengue and Zika, represent an area of significant unmet medical need. There are currently no approved medicines for prophylaxis or treatment of these diseases, and the development and implementation of vaccines against these viruses have proved problematic. Although antiviral molecules with treatment and prophylactic potential against the chikungunya virus have been identified, no successful field trials have been reported. Chemoprophylaxis may be attractive for unvaccinated at-risk populations; however, performing a successful chemoprophylaxis trial during a chikungunya outbreak will require a clearly identifiable at-risk population. We propose the application of a household transmission model as used in testing drugs against respiratory viruses. Current evidence on household clustering of chikungunya and other Aedes mosquito-borne viral infections is supportive. We suggest that this model may improve prophylaxis trial feasibility and focus research and future treatment on a population likely to benefit.
MeSH term(s)	Aedes ; Animals ; Chemoprevention ; Chikungunya Fever/epidemiology ; Chikungunya Fever/prevention & control ; Cluster Analysis ; Dengue/drug therapy ; Dengue/epidemiology ; Dengue/prevention & control ; Humans ; Mosquito Vectors ; Viruses ; Zika Virus ; Zika Virus Infection/drug therapy ; Zika Virus Infection/epidemiology ; Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-12
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2022.05.020
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Article ; Online: Bayesian modeling of post-vaccination serological data suggests that yearly vaccination of dog aged <2 years old is efficient to stop rabies circulation in Cambodia.

Auerswald, Heidi / Guillebaud, Julia / Durand, Benoit / Le Vu, Mathilde / Sorn, Sopheak / In, Saraden / Pov, Vutha / Davun, Holl / Duong, Veasna / Ly, Sowath / Dussart, Philippe / Chevalier, Véronique

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2024 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0012089

Abstract: Rabies control remains challenging in low and middle-income countries, mostly due to lack of financial resources, rapid turnover of dog populations and poor accessibility to dogs. Rabies is endemic in Cambodia, where no national rabies vaccination ... ...

Abstract	Rabies control remains challenging in low and middle-income countries, mostly due to lack of financial resources, rapid turnover of dog populations and poor accessibility to dogs. Rabies is endemic in Cambodia, where no national rabies vaccination program is implemented. The objective of this study was to assess the short and long-term vaccination-induced immunity in Cambodian dogs under field conditions, and to propose optimized vaccination strategies. A cohort of 351 dogs was followed at regular time points following primary vaccination only (PV) or PV plus single booster (BV). Fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test (FAVNT) was implemented to determine the neutralizing antibody titer against rabies and an individual titer ≥0·5 IU/mL indicated protection. Bayesian modeling was used to evaluate the individual duration of protection against rabies and the efficacy of two different vaccination strategies. Overall, 61% of dogs had a protective immunity one year after PV. In dogs receiving a BV, this protective immunity remained for up to one year after the BV in 95% of dogs. According to the best Bayesian model, a PV conferred a protective immunity in 82% of dogs (95% CI: 75-91%) for a mean duration of 4.7 years, and BV induced a lifelong protective immunity. Annual PV of dogs less than one year old and systematic BV solely of dogs vaccinated the year before would allow to achieve the 70% World Health Organization recommended threshold to control rabies circulation in a dog population in three to five years of implementation depending on dog population dynamics. This vaccination strategy would save up to about a third of vaccine doses, reducing cost and time efforts of mass dog vaccination campaigns. These results can contribute to optimize rabies control measures in Cambodia moving towards the global goal of ending human death from dog-mediated rabies by 2030.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2735
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0012089
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Article: The Ecology and Evolution of Japanese Encephalitis Virus.

Mulvey, Peter / Duong, Veasna / Boyer, Sebastien / Burgess, Graham / Williams, David T / Dussart, Philippe / Horwood, Paul F

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 10, Issue 12

Abstract: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus mainly spread ... ...

Abstract	Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus mainly spread by
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens10121534
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Article: Characterization of soluble TLR2 and CD14 levels during acute dengue virus infection.

Upasani, Vinit / Ter Ellen, Bram M / Sann, Sotheary / Lay, Sokchea / Heng, Sothy / Laurent, Denis / Ly, Sowath / Duong, Veasna / Dussart, Philippe / Smit, Jolanda M / Cantaert, Tineke / Rodenhuis-Zybert, Izabela A

Heliyon

2023 Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) e17265

Abstract: Dengue virus infection results in a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from mild dengue fever (DF) to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Hitherto, there is no consensus biomarker for the prediction of severe dengue ... ...

Abstract	Dengue virus infection results in a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from mild dengue fever (DF) to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Hitherto, there is no consensus biomarker for the prediction of severe dengue disease in patients. Yet, early identification of patients who progress to severe dengue is pivotal for better clinical management. We have recently reported that an increased frequency of classical (CD14
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17265
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Article ; Online: National dengue surveillance, Cambodia 2002-2020.

Yek, Christina / Li, Yimei / Pacheco, Andrea R / Lon, Chanthap / Duong, Veasna / Dussart, Philippe / Young, Katherine I / Chea, Sophana / Lay, Sreyngim / Man, Somnang / Kimsan, Souv / Huch, Chea / Leang, Rithea / Huy, Rekol / Brook, Cara E / Manning, Jessica E

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

2023 Volume 101, Issue 9, Page(s) 605–616

Abstract: Global dengue incidence has increased dramatically over the past few decades from approximately 500 000 reported cases in 2000 to over 5 million in 2019. This trend has been attributed to population growth in endemic areas, rapid unplanned urbanization, ... ...

Abstract	Global dengue incidence has increased dramatically over the past few decades from approximately 500 000 reported cases in 2000 to over 5 million in 2019. This trend has been attributed to population growth in endemic areas, rapid unplanned urbanization, increasing global connectivity, and climate change expanding the geographic range of the
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Aedes ; Cambodia/epidemiology ; Dengue/epidemiology ; Health Policy ; Mosquito Vectors ; Sentinel Surveillance
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80213-x
ISSN	1564-0604 ; 0042-9686 ; 0366-4996 ; 0510-8659
ISSN (online)	1564-0604
ISSN	0042-9686 ; 0366-4996 ; 0510-8659
DOI	10.2471/BLT.23.289713
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Zs.A 215: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Accessibility to rabies centers and human rabies post-exposure prophylaxis rates in Cambodia: A Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis to identify optimal locations for future centers.

Baron, Jerome N / Chevalier, Véronique / Ly, Sowath / Duong, Veasna / Dussart, Philippe / Fontenille, Didier / Peng, Yik Sing / Martínez-López, Beatriz

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2022 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) e0010494

Abstract: Rabies is endemic in Cambodia. For exposed humans, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is very effective in preventing this otherwise fatal disease. The Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (IPC) in Phnom Penh was the primary distributor of PEP in Cambodia until ... ...

Abstract	Rabies is endemic in Cambodia. For exposed humans, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is very effective in preventing this otherwise fatal disease. The Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (IPC) in Phnom Penh was the primary distributor of PEP in Cambodia until 2018. Since then, and to increase distribution of PEP, two new centers have been opened by IPC in the provinces of Battambang and Kampong Cham. Data on bitten patients, who sometimes bring the head of the biting animal for rabies analyses, have been recorded by IPC since 2000. However, human cases are not routinely recorded in Cambodia, making it difficult to establish a human burden of disease and generate a risk map of dog bites to inform the selection of future PEP center locations in high-risk areas. Our aim was to assess the impact of accessibility to rabies centers on the yearly rate of PEP patients in the population and generate a risk map to identify the locations where new centers would be the most beneficial to the Cambodian population. To accomplish this, we used spatio-temporal Bayesian regression models with the number of PEP patients as the outcome. The primary exposure variable considered was travel time to the nearest IPC center. Secondary exposure variables consisted of travel time to a provincial capital and urban proportion of the population. Between 2000 and 2016, a total of 293,955 PEP patient records were identified. Our results showed a significant negative association between travel time to IPC and the rate of PEP patients: an increase in one hour travel time from the living location to IPC PEP centers leads to a reduction in PEP rate of 70% to 80%. Five provinces were identified as the most efficient locations for future centers to maximize PEP accessibility: Banteay Meanchey, Siem Reap, Takeo, Kampot and Svay Rieng. Adding a PEP center in every provincial capital would increase the proportion of Cambodians living within 60 minutes of a PEP center from 26.6% to 64.9%, and living within 120 minutes from 52.8% to 93.3%, which could save hundreds of lives annually.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bayes Theorem ; Bites and Stings ; Cambodia/epidemiology ; Dogs ; Humans ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis/methods ; Rabies/epidemiology ; Rabies/prevention & control ; Rabies Vaccines ; Spatio-Temporal Analysis
Chemical Substances	Rabies Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2735
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0010494
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Article ; Online: Uncovering the endemic circulation of rabies in Cambodia.

Layan, Maylis / Dacheux, Laurent / Lemey, Philippe / Brunker, Kirstyn / Ma, Laurence / Troupin, Cécile / Dussart, Philippe / Chevalier, Véronique / Wood, James L N / Ly, Sowath / Duong, Veasna / Bourhy, Hervé / Dellicour, Simon

Molecular ecology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 18, Page(s) 5140–5155

Abstract: In epidemiology, endemicity characterizes sustained pathogen circulation in a geographical area, which involves a circulation that is not being maintained by external introductions. Because it could potentially shape the design of public health ... ...

Abstract	In epidemiology, endemicity characterizes sustained pathogen circulation in a geographical area, which involves a circulation that is not being maintained by external introductions. Because it could potentially shape the design of public health interventions, there is an interest in fully uncovering the endemic pattern of a disease. Here, we use a phylogeographic approach to investigate the endemic signature of rabies virus (RABV) circulation in Cambodia. Cambodia is located in one of the most affected regions by rabies in the world, but RABV circulation between and within Southeast Asian countries remains understudied. Our analyses are based on a new comprehensive data set of 199 RABV genomes collected between 2014 and 2017 as well as previously published Southeast Asian RABV sequences. We show that most Cambodian sequences belong to a distinct clade that has been circulating almost exclusively in Cambodia. Our results thus point towards rabies circulation in Cambodia that does not rely on external introductions. We further characterize within-Cambodia RABV circulation by estimating lineage dispersal metrics that appear to be similar to other settings, and by performing landscape phylogeographic analyses to investigate environmental factors impacting the dispersal dynamic of viral lineages. The latter analyses do not lead to the identification of environmental variables that would be associated with the heterogeneity of viral lineage dispersal velocities, which calls for a better understanding of local dog ecology and further investigations of the potential drivers of RABV spread in the region. Overall, our study illustrates how phylogeographic investigations can be performed to assess and characterize viral endemicity in a context of relatively limited data.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dogs ; Rabies/epidemiology ; Rabies/veterinary ; Cambodia/epidemiology ; Rabies virus/genetics ; Phylogeography ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Phylogeny
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1126687-9
ISSN	1365-294X ; 0962-1083
ISSN (online)	1365-294X
ISSN	0962-1083
DOI	10.1111/mec.17087
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