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  1. Article ; Online: Mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B in the Airways: MUCing around Together.

    Kesimer, Mehmet

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2022  Volume 206, Issue 9, Page(s) 1055–1057

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mucin-5B ; Mucin 5AC ; Secretory Vesicles
    Chemical Substances Mucin-5B ; Mucin 5AC ; MUC5B protein, human ; MUC5AC protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.202208-1459ED
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Isolation of Membrane Bound Mucins from Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells.

    Carpenter, Jerome / Kesimer, Mehmet

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2024  Volume 2763, Page(s) 51–59

    Abstract: Membrane-bound mucins constitute a large portion of the periciliary layer of lung epithelial surfaces, and thus play an important role in many aspects of innate defense. The biophysical and biochemical properties of the membrane-bound mucins have ... ...

    Abstract Membrane-bound mucins constitute a large portion of the periciliary layer of lung epithelial surfaces, and thus play an important role in many aspects of innate defense. The biophysical and biochemical properties of the membrane-bound mucins have important implications for mucociliary clearance, viral penetration, and potential therapeutics delivered to the airway surface. Hence, isolating them and determining these properties is important in understanding airways disease and ultimately in developing treatments. Here, we describe a method using isopycnic centrifugation to enrich and isolate shed membrane-bound mucins from the washings of human bronchial epithelial cell cultures.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mucins/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Membranes/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Mucins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-3670-1_4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Imaging of Mucin Networks with Atomic Force Microscopy.

    Carpenter, Jerome / Kesimer, Mehmet

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2024  Volume 2763, Page(s) 361–371

    Abstract: Mucin networks serve as the structural scaffold of mucus and play a significant role in determining its biophysical properties. Thus, characterizing the organization, macromolecular structure, and interactions within these networks is a key step in ... ...

    Abstract Mucin networks serve as the structural scaffold of mucus and play a significant role in determining its biophysical properties. Thus, characterizing the organization, macromolecular structure, and interactions within these networks is a key step in understanding the parameters that govern mucus functionality in both health and disease. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is uniquely suited to study mucin networks; AFM can clearly resolve nanometer-sized features, does not require fixation or metallization, and can be performed in air or aqueous solutions. In this chapter we describe protocols to image mucin networks using AFM. First, we describe two protocols to enrich and isolate mucin samples in preparation for AFM imaging. Next, we detail a protocol to deposit the samples onto a mica substrate. Finally, we give general tips to optimize and troubleshoot AFM imaging of mucin networks.
    MeSH term(s) Microscopy, Atomic Force/methods ; Mucins ; Molecular Structure
    Chemical Substances Mucins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-3670-1_31
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Quantitation of MUC5AC and MUC5B by Stable Isotope Labeling Mass Spectrometry.

    Radicioni, Giorgia / Kesimer, Mehmet

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2024  Volume 2763, Page(s) 125–136

    Abstract: Mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B are large glycoproteins that play an essential role in the innate defense of epithelial surfaces and their quantitation in biological samples would be informative about the health status of the tissue/samples they are derived from. ...

    Abstract Mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B are large glycoproteins that play an essential role in the innate defense of epithelial surfaces and their quantitation in biological samples would be informative about the health status of the tissue/samples they are derived from. However, they are difficult to study and quantify with traditional methods such as ELISA and western blot, due to their size, heterogeneity, and high degree of glycosylation. We successfully implemented a stable isotope labeling mass spectrometry approach for absolute quantification of mucin macromolecules. Here, in detail, we describe this accurate and sensitive liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method applied for both MUC5AC and MUC5B quantification in diverse and complex biological samples.
    MeSH term(s) Isotope Labeling ; Mucins ; Glycoproteins ; Mass Spectrometry ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
    Chemical Substances Mucins ; Glycoproteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-0716-3670-1_11
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Another Warning Sign: High Nicotine Content in Electronic Cigarettes Disrupts Mucociliary Clearance, the Essential Defense Mechanism of the Lung.

    Kesimer, Mehmet

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2019  Volume 200, Issue 9, Page(s) 1082–1084

    MeSH term(s) E-Cigarette Vapor ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Lung ; Mucociliary Clearance ; Nicotine
    Chemical Substances E-Cigarette Vapor ; Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.201905-1080ED
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Membrane-bound mucins of the airway mucosal surfaces are densely decorated with keratan sulfate: revisiting their role in the Lung's innate defense.

    Carpenter, Jerome / Kesimer, Mehmet

    Glycobiology

    2020  Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 436–443

    Abstract: Understanding the basic elements of the airway mucosal surfaces and how they form a functional barrier is essential in understanding disease initiation, progression, pathogenesis and ultimately treating chronic lung diseases. Using primary airway ... ...

    Abstract Understanding the basic elements of the airway mucosal surfaces and how they form a functional barrier is essential in understanding disease initiation, progression, pathogenesis and ultimately treating chronic lung diseases. Using primary airway epithelial cell cultures, atomic force microscopy (AFM), multiangle light scattering and quartz crystal micro balance with dissipation monitoring techniques, here we report that the membrane bound mucins (MBMs) found in the periciliary layer (PCL) of the airway surface are densely decorated with keratan sulfate (KS). AFM and immunoblotting show that the KS sidechains can be removed enzymatically with keratanase II (KII) treatment, and the antibody accessibility for B2729 (MUC1), MUCH4 (MUC4) and OC125 (MUC16) was substantially enhanced. Light scattering analysis confirmed that KII treatment removed ~40% of the mass from the mucin fractions. Surface binding experiments indicated that MBMs were able to pack into a tighter conformation following KS removal, suggesting that negatively charged KS sidechains play a role in mucin-mucin repulsion and contribute to "space filling" in the PCL. We also observed that soluble filtrate from the common airway pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of stripping KS from MBMs. Altogether, our findings indicate that KS glycosylation of MBMs may play an important role in the integrity of the airway mucosal barrier and its compromise in disease.
    MeSH term(s) Glycosylation ; Keratan Sulfate/metabolism ; Lung/metabolism ; Mucins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Mucins ; Keratan Sulfate (9056-36-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1067689-2
    ISSN 1460-2423 ; 0959-6658
    ISSN (online) 1460-2423
    ISSN 0959-6658
    DOI 10.1093/glycob/cwaa089
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Air-Liquid interface cultures to model drug delivery through the mucociliary epithelial barrier.

    Lee, Rhianna E / Reidel, Boris / Nelson, Mark R / Macdonald, Jade K / Kesimer, Mehmet / Randell, Scott H

    Advanced drug delivery reviews

    2023  Volume 198, Page(s) 114866

    Abstract: Epithelial cells from mucociliary portions of the airways can be readily grown and expanded in vitro. When grown on a porous membrane at an air-liquid interface (ALI) the cells form a confluent, electrically resistive barrier separating the apical and ... ...

    Abstract Epithelial cells from mucociliary portions of the airways can be readily grown and expanded in vitro. When grown on a porous membrane at an air-liquid interface (ALI) the cells form a confluent, electrically resistive barrier separating the apical and basolateral compartments. ALI cultures replicate key morphological, molecular and functional features of the in vivo epithelium, including mucus secretion and mucociliary transport. Apical secretions contain secreted gel-forming mucins, shed cell-associated tethered mucins, and hundreds of additional molecules involved in host defense and homeostasis. The respiratory epithelial cell ALI model is a time-proven workhorse that has been employed in various studies elucidating the structure and function of the mucociliary apparatus and disease pathogenesis. It serves as a critical milestone test for small molecule and genetic therapies targeting airway diseases. To fully exploit the potential of this important tool, numerous technical variables must be thoughtfully considered and carefully executed.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cells, Cultured ; Mucins ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Mucociliary Clearance
    Chemical Substances Mucins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639113-8
    ISSN 1872-8294 ; 0169-409X
    ISSN (online) 1872-8294
    ISSN 0169-409X
    DOI 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114866
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  8. Article ; Online: Mucus polymer concentration and

    Greenwald, Matthew A / Meinig, Suzanne L / Plott, Lucas M / Roca, Cristian / Higgs, Matthew G / Vitko, Nicholas P / Markovetz, Matthew R / Rouillard, Kaitlyn R / Carpenter, Jerome / Kesimer, Mehmet / Hill, David B / Schisler, Jonathan C / Wolfgang, Matthew C

    mBio

    2024  , Page(s) e0345123

    Abstract: The airway milieu of individuals with muco-obstructive airway diseases (MADs) is defined by the accumulation of dehydrated mucus due to hyperabsorption of airway surface liquid and defective mucociliary clearance. Pathological mucus becomes progressively ...

    Abstract The airway milieu of individuals with muco-obstructive airway diseases (MADs) is defined by the accumulation of dehydrated mucus due to hyperabsorption of airway surface liquid and defective mucociliary clearance. Pathological mucus becomes progressively more viscous with age and disease severity due to the concentration and overproduction of mucin and accumulation of host-derived extracellular DNA (eDNA). Respiratory mucus of MADs provides a niche for recurrent and persistent colonization by respiratory pathogens, including
    Importance: Antibiotic treatment failure in
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2557172-2
    ISSN 2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
    ISSN (online) 2150-7511
    ISSN 2161-2129
    DOI 10.1128/mbio.03451-23
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  9. Article ; Online: Culture with apically applied healthy or disease sputum alters the airway surface liquid proteome and ion transport across human bronchial epithelial cells.

    Woodall, Maximillian / Reidel, Boris / Kesimer, Mehmet / Tarran, Robert / Baines, Deborah L

    American journal of physiology. Cell physiology

    2021  Volume 321, Issue 6, Page(s) C954–C963

    Abstract: Airway secretions contain many signaling molecules and peptides/proteins that are not found in airway surface liquid (ASL) generated by normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEs) in vitro. These play a key role in innate defense and mediate ... ...

    Abstract Airway secretions contain many signaling molecules and peptides/proteins that are not found in airway surface liquid (ASL) generated by normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBEs) in vitro. These play a key role in innate defense and mediate communication between the epithelium, the immune cells, and the external environment. We investigated how culture of NHBE with apically applied secretions from healthy or diseased (cystic fibrosis, CF) lungs affected epithelial function with a view to providing better in vitro models of the in vivo environment. NHBEs from 6 to 8 different donors were cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI), with apically applied sputum from normal healthy donors (normal lung sputum; NLS) or CF donors (CFS) for 2-4 h, 48 h, or with sputum reapplied over 48 h. Proteomics analysis was carried out on the sputa and on the NHBE ASL before and after culture with sputa. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), short circuit current (I
    MeSH term(s) Bronchi/metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Cells, Cultured ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis ; Cystic Fibrosis/metabolism ; Electric Impedance ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Humans ; Ion Transport ; Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism ; Proteome ; Proteomics ; Sputum/metabolism ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Membrane Transport Proteins ; Proteome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392098-7
    ISSN 1522-1563 ; 0363-6143
    ISSN (online) 1522-1563
    ISSN 0363-6143
    DOI 10.1152/ajpcell.00234.2021
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  10. Article ; Online: Efficacy and Safety of Tranexamic Acid in Resection and Endoprosthetic Reconstruction of Distal Femoral Osteosarcomas in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

    Sofulu, Omer / Ozturk, Ozer / Polat, Murat / Buyuktopcu, Omer / Kesimer, Mehmet D / Erol, Bulent

    Journal of pediatric orthopedics

    2021  Volume 41, Issue 8, Page(s) e686–e691

    Abstract: Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) on blood loss and transfusion rates in children who underwent resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction of distal femoral osteosarcomas.: Methods: The ... ...

    Abstract Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) on blood loss and transfusion rates in children who underwent resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction of distal femoral osteosarcomas.
    Methods: The medical records of 56 patients who underwent resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction for distal femoral osteosarcomas between 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 25 patients (11 male and 14 female, mean age 15.2±3 y) who received preoperative 15 mg/kg intravenous TXA, and group 2 consisted of 31 control patients (18 male and 13 female, mean age 14.3±2.6 y) who did not receive TXA. The groups were compared based on their total blood loss, intraoperative blood loss, hidden blood loss, postoperative drain output, transfusion requirements, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Htc) difference, length of hospital stays, operative time, and complications.
    Results: The mean total blood loss was lower in intravenous TXA group (1247.5±300.9 mL) when compared with control group (1715.7±857.0 mL) (P=0.018). The mean intraoperative blood loss in intravenous TXA group (386±109 mL) was lower than that in control group (977.4±610.7 mL) (P<0.001). Postoperative drain output at 24 and 48 hours was 198.0±61.8 and 72.4±27.4 mL in intravenous TXA group, respectively, and was low compared with 268.4±118.2 and 117.1±67.8 mL in control group (P=0.028 and 0.006). The rate of patients requiring transfusion was significantly lower in intravenous TXA group (56%) than in control group (83.9%). Preoperative and postoperative 6, 24, and 72 hours Hb and Htc differences were significantly lower in intravenous TXA group [(-1.7±1.8 g/dL P<0.001; -2.0±1.5 g/dL P<0.001; -2.3±1.7 g/dL P<0.001, for Hb) (-5.7±4.6, P<0.001; -6.9±4.0, P<0.001; -9.6±9.1, P<0.001, for Htc)]. Intravenous TXA group had shorter hospital stay time in comparison to control group (P<0.001). The operative time was significantly longer in the control group (P<0.05). No increase in pulmonary embolism or venous thromboembolism rate was observed with intravenous TXA use.
    Conclusion: We conclude that administration of intravenous TXA reduces intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, transfusion rates, and hospital stay in resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction of the distal femoral osteosarcomas in children.
    Type of study: This was a retrospective comparative study.
    Level of evidence: Level III.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Intravenous ; Adolescent ; Antifibrinolytic Agents ; Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteosarcoma/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Tranexamic Acid
    Chemical Substances Antifibrinolytic Agents ; Tranexamic Acid (6T84R30KC1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604642-3
    ISSN 1539-2570 ; 0271-6798
    ISSN (online) 1539-2570
    ISSN 0271-6798
    DOI 10.1097/BPO.0000000000001900
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