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Article ; Online: Authors' Response to Comment on "Examining Burnout, Depression, and Attitudes Regarding Drug Use Among Lebanese Medical Students During the 4 Years of Medical School".

Talih, Farid

Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry

2018 Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) 579

MeSH term(s)	Attitude ; Burnout, Professional ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression ; Humans ; Schools, Medical ; Stress, Psychological ; Students, Medical ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1045331-3
ISSN	1545-7230 ; 1042-9670
ISSN (online)	1545-7230
ISSN	1042-9670
DOI	10.1007/s40596-018-0919-1
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Article: Comparative effects of psychotropic medications on sleep architecture: a retrospective review of diagnostic polysomnography sleep parameters.

Ghossoub, Elias / Geagea, Luna / Kobeissy, Firas / Talih, Farid

Sleep science (Sao Paulo, Brazil)

2022 Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) 236–244

Abstract: Objective: To study the effects of different psychotropic drugs on sleep architecture and sleep-related disorders.: Material and methods: In this retrospective review of 405 consecutive de-identiﬁed diagnostic polysomnograms performed at a sleep ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To study the effects of different psychotropic drugs on sleep architecture and sleep-related disorders. Material and methods: In this retrospective review of 405 consecutive de-identiﬁed diagnostic polysomnograms performed at a sleep laboratory from 2007 until 2011, we grouped 347 polysomnograms into ﬁve categories: controls, antidepressants (AD), antidepressants + anticonvulsants (ADAC), antidepressants + antipsychotics (ADAP), antidepressants + anticonvulsants + antipsychotics (ADACP). We conducted pairwise comparisons for demographic characteristics, medical history, speciﬁc psychotropic medication uses and sleep architecture variables, and adjusted for multiple testing. We used logistic regression to determine the odds ratio of having elevated apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and periodic limb movement index (PLMI) within each group as compared to controls. Results: Compared to controls, all groups had a signiﬁcantly higher prevalence of benzodiazepines and trazodone use. AD and ADACP had signiﬁcantly longer REM latency and lower REM percentage of total sleep time compared to controls. ADAP had a signiﬁcantly lower AHI compared to controls, but that association was lost in the regression model. AD was associated with a higher PLMI compared to controls. Conclusion: Psychotropic polypharmacy does not seem to be associated with significantly deleterious effects on sleep architecture. Adjunct anticonvulsants or antipsychotics to antidepressants may protect against periodic limb movement disorder.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-10
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2697016-8
ISSN	1984-0063 ; 1984-0659
ISSN (online)	1984-0063
ISSN	1984-0659
DOI	10.5935/1984-0063.20200071
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Prevalence of Eating Disorders Among Medical Students in a Lebanese Medical School: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Bizri, Maya / Geagea, Luna / Kobeissy, Firas / Talih, Farid

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment

2020 Volume 16, Page(s) 1879–1887

Abstract: Background: Eating disorders are among the most severe psychiatric disorders. Medical students are subjected to high levels of stress and have a high risk of developing burnout and mental health problems, including eating disorders. Due to societal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Eating disorders are among the most severe psychiatric disorders. Medical students are subjected to high levels of stress and have a high risk of developing burnout and mental health problems, including eating disorders. Due to societal stigma and lack of awareness, it is plausible that disordered eating behaviors among students may go unrecognized and under-reported. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and possible factors associated with eating disorders among medical students at the American University of Beirut in Lebanon (AUB). Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2017 at AUB. Electronic anonymous surveys were sent to all 412 medical students, with a mean age of 23, enrolled in our four-year medical school. In addition to demographic data, students were asked to complete two validated questionnaires, the SCOFF and EAT-26, to assess eating disorders risk. Results: Total responses were 156, out of which 124 completed the whole survey. A total of 131 participants completed the Eat-26 questionnaire and 124 participants completed the SCOFF questionnaire. Out of those, 17% on EAT-26 and 19% on SCOFF were found to be at high risk of developing eating disorders. Conclusion: There seems to be a high level of underrecognized and under-treated disordered eating behaviors among female medical students at AUB. Raising awareness among medical students is important, as well as developing better prevention and treatment strategies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-04
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2186503-6
ISSN	1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
ISSN (online)	1178-2021
ISSN	1176-6328
DOI	10.2147/NDT.S266241
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Article: A probable case of peduncular hallucinosis secondary to a cerebral peduncular lesion successfully treated with an atypical antipsychotic.

Talih, Farid Ramzi

Innovations in clinical neuroscience

2013 Volume 10, Issue 5-6, Page(s) 28–31

Abstract: Peduncular hallucinosis is a rare phenomenon that has been reported in case reports and case series. The exact pathophysiology is unclear, but is postulated to involve disruption and dysregulation of the visual neuronal pathways in the brain. A case of ... ...

Abstract	Peduncular hallucinosis is a rare phenomenon that has been reported in case reports and case series. The exact pathophysiology is unclear, but is postulated to involve disruption and dysregulation of the visual neuronal pathways in the brain. A case of complex visual hallucinations in an elderly man with no previous history of psychosis is discussed. Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient's brain revealed a discrete peduncular lesion that was the likely cause of the hallucinations. The lesion was not present on a previous brain magnetic resonance imaging that predated the onset of the hallucinations. The patient was started on low-dose risperidone, which resulted in the complete resolution of the visual hallucinations. It is important to consider discrete rostral brainstem lesions as a potential cause of new onset visual hallucinations in patients being evaluated for visual hallucinations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-06-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2675366-2
ISSN	2158-8341 ; 2158-8333
ISSN (online)	2158-8341
ISSN	2158-8333
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Article ; Online: Varenicline Treatment for Waterpipe Smoking Cessation.

Chami, Hassan A / Zaouk, Nour / Makki, Maha / Tamim, Hani / Shaya, Monique / Talih, Farid

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

2022 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 111–119

Abstract: Background: Waterpipe smoking is increasing worldwide with no proven interventions for cessation. We compared abstinence rates with 12-week varenicline therapy versus placebo among habitual waterpipe smokers willing to quit.: Methods: This double- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Waterpipe smoking is increasing worldwide with no proven interventions for cessation. We compared abstinence rates with 12-week varenicline therapy versus placebo among habitual waterpipe smokers willing to quit. Methods: This double-blind placebo-controlled single-center trial, randomized waterpipe smokers from Lebanon who did not smoke other tobacco products to receive varenicline or placebo for 12 weeks. All participants also received three structured 30-minute individual behavioral intervention sessions. The primary outcome was repeated point prevalence abstinence assessed by self-report and verified by exhaled carbon monoxide three times during 12 weeks and analyzed with the intention to treat. End of treatment urine cotinine, weight, blood pressure, anxiety, depression, withdrawal, and adverse symptoms were also assessed. Results: In total, 152 waterpipe smokers (mean age 38 years [SD = 13], 39% females) willing to quit, who smoked waterpipe exclusively (average 2.3 per day [SD = 1.6] for 16.8 years [SD = 10.8]) were randomized. Seventy-nine participants (52%) with any missing abstinence assessment were considered to have relapsed. Repeat point prevalence abstinence rate was numerically higher among the varenicline group compared to placebo, but the difference did not reach statistical significance when assessed by self-report (16.9 vs. 13.6%, respectively, p = .6) and when further verified by exhaled carbon monoxide (14.1% vs. 9.9%, respectively, p = .4). Abstinence rates were similar in both groups when further verified by urine cotinine at end of treatment. No serious adverse events were reported, adverse symptoms and other outcomes were similar in the varenicline and placebo arms. Conclusions: Varenicline for 12 weeks was not more effective than placebo to achieve abstinence among daily waterpipe smokers. Implications: Varenicline in combination with a behavioral intervention did not significantly enhance the quit rate among exclusive waterpipe smokers compared to behavioral intervention plus placebo. We experienced difficulty enrolling exclusive waterpipe smokers willing to quit and observed high dropout rates among participants demonstrating the difficulties of waterpipe smoking cessation.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Adult ; Male ; Varenicline/therapeutic use ; Smoking Cessation ; Water Pipe Smoking ; Carbon Monoxide ; Cotinine ; Nicotinic Agonists/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Varenicline (W6HS99O8ZO) ; Carbon Monoxide (7U1EE4V452) ; Cotinine (K5161X06LL) ; Nicotinic Agonists
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1452315-2
ISSN	1469-994X ; 1462-2203
ISSN (online)	1469-994X
ISSN	1462-2203
DOI	10.1093/ntr/ntac162
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Zs.A 5789: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Influence of nicotine form and nicotine flux on puffing behavior and mouth-level exposure to nicotine from electronic nicotine delivery systems.

Talih, Soha / Hanna, Eliana / Salman, Rola / Salam, Sally / El-Hage, Rachel / Karaoghlanian, Nareg / Talih, Farid / Baldassari, Stephen / Saliba, Najat / Elbejjani, Martine / Eissenberg, Thomas / El-Hellani, Ahmad / Shihadeh, Alan

Drug and alcohol dependence

2023 Volume 254, Page(s) 111052

Abstract: Background: Nicotine form (freebase/protonated) and nicotine flux (rate at which nicotine is emitted) are two factors that can affect the dose of nicotine inhaled by individuals using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) because they can ... ...

Abstract	Background: Nicotine form (freebase/protonated) and nicotine flux (rate at which nicotine is emitted) are two factors that can affect the dose of nicotine inhaled by individuals using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) because they can influence puffing behavior. The nicotine dose for each puff also is directly proportional to nicotine flux (i.e., dose/puff=nicotine fluxpuff duration). This study examines the effect of nicotine form and flux on puffing parameters and mouth-level nicotine exposure. Methods:* Thirty-two dual ENDS and combustible cigarette participants completed five visits that differed by nicotine form (freebase or protonated) and nicotine flux (14 or 35µg/sec); a zero-nicotine condition was a negative control. Participants used a Subox Mini C ENDS, powered at 20W, during a 10-puff directed bout (B1) followed by a one-hour ad libitum bout (B2). Puffing parameters and mouth-level nicotine exposure were assessed using the American University of Beirut REALTIME instrument. Results: Relative to protonated nicotine, freebase nicotine was associated with lower total puff duration (puff durationnumber of puffs), lower flow rate in B1, lower liquid consumption, and lower mouth-level nicotine exposure. Increasing nicotine flux from 14 to 35µg/sec was associated with lower total puff duration in both bouts, as well as lower liquid consumption. Increasing nicotine flux was associated with higher mouth-level nicotine exposure in B1 only. Conclusion:* ENDS with protonated nicotine may enhance nicotine exposure by promoting longer puffing and thus greater dose delivered. This work highlights the importance of accounting for interactions between nicotine form and flux when considering nicotine regulation for ENDS.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Nicotine ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Tobacco Products ; Smoking
Chemical Substances	Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-02
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	519918-9
ISSN	1879-0046 ; 0376-8716
ISSN (online)	1879-0046
ISSN	0376-8716
DOI	10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111052
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Article: Brain Imaging in New Onset Psychiatric Presentations.

Baroud, Evelyne / Hourani, Roula / Talih, Farid

Innovations in clinical neuroscience

2019 Volume 16, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 21–26

Abstract: We report two cases of patients who presented with psychiatric symptoms and were found to have brain changes on magnetic resonance imaging. In the first case, a 19-year-old man presented with erratic behavior and odd, paranoid ideas. Imaging of the brain ...

Abstract	We report two cases of patients who presented with psychiatric symptoms and were found to have brain changes on magnetic resonance imaging. In the first case, a 19-year-old man presented with erratic behavior and odd, paranoid ideas. Imaging of the brain revealed a focus of high FLAIR signal involving the left globus pallidus. The second case was a 21-year-old woman who presented with irritability, racing thoughts, and suicidal ideation. Brain imaging revealed nodules of heterotopic grey matter in the right inferior frontal white matter and foci of subcortical heterotopia with thickening of the adjacent cortex. Both patients received psychotropic medications and showed improvement of their symptoms. Integrating neuroimaging in the evaluation of new onset or atypical psychiatric presentations might be of value in specific cases. It is important to develop clear guidelines for the use of imaging modalities in clinical psychiatric practice.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2675366-2
ISSN	2158-8341 ; 2158-8333
ISSN (online)	2158-8341
ISSN	2158-8333
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Article ; Online: Prevention Strategies of Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders in Older Adults.

El Hayek, Samer / Geagea, Luna / El Bourji, Hussein / Kadi, Tamara / Talih, Farid

Clinics in geriatric medicine

2021 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 169–179

Abstract: Older adults are increasingly engaging in unhealthy substance use. Owing to aging and comorbid medical conditions, older adults are at increased risk of adverse effects from alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use. Preventative measures, regular screening, ...

Abstract	Older adults are increasingly engaging in unhealthy substance use. Owing to aging and comorbid medical conditions, older adults are at increased risk of adverse effects from alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use. Preventative measures, regular screening, and appropriate intervention can protect older adults from the negative outcomes of substance use and potentially improve their quality of life. This article reviews the latest trends of substance use in older adults, impact on health, and the best practice approaches for the clinical assessment of substance use disorders in this age group.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Quality of Life ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Substance-Related Disorders/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1064151-8
ISSN	1879-8853 ; 0749-0690
ISSN (online)	1879-8853
ISSN	0749-0690
DOI	10.1016/j.cger.2021.07.011
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Article: Comparative effects of psychotropic medications on sleep architecture: a retrospective review of diagnostic polysomnography sleep parameters

Ghossoub, Elias / Geagea, Luna / Kobeissy, Firas / Talih, Farid

Sleep Science

2021 Volume 14, Issue 03, Page(s) 236–244

Abstract: Objective: : To study the effects of different psychotropic drugs on sleep architecture and sleep-related disorders.: Material and Methods: In this retrospective review of 405 consecutive de-identified diagnostic polysomnograms performed at a sleep ... ...

Abstract	Objective: : To study the effects of different psychotropic drugs on sleep architecture and sleep-related disorders. Material and Methods: In this retrospective review of 405 consecutive de-identified diagnostic polysomnograms performed at a sleep laboratory from 2007 until 2011, we grouped 347 polysomnograms into five categories: controls, antidepressants (AD), antidepressants + anticonvulsants (ADAC), antidepressants + antipsychotics (ADAP), antidepressants + anticonvulsants + antipsychotics (ADACP). We conducted pairwise comparisons for demographic characteristics, medical history, specific psychotropic medication uses and sleep architecture variables, and adjusted for multiple testing. We used logistic regression to determine the odds ratio of having elevated apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and periodic limb movement index (PLMI) within each group as compared to controls. Results: Compared to controls, all groups had a significantly higher prevalence of benzodiazepines and trazodone use. AD and ADACP had significantly longer REM latency and lower REM percentage of total sleep time compared to controls. ADAP had a significantly lower AHI compared to controls, but that association was lost in the regression model. AD was associated with a higher PLMI compared to controls. Conclusion: : Psychotropic polypharmacy does not seem to be associated with significantly deleterious effects on sleep architecture. Adjunct anticonvulsants or antipsychotics to antidepressants may protect against periodic limb movement disorder.
Keywords	Sleep Wake Disorders ; Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome ; Periodic Limb Movements Disorder ; Sleep Apnea
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01
Publisher	Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2697016-8
ISSN	1984-0063 ; 1984-0659 ; 1984-0063
ISSN (online)	1984-0063
ISSN	1984-0659 ; 1984-0063
DOI	10.5935/1984-0063.20200071
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: National trauma and substance use disorders: A slippery slope in Lebanon.

Bizri, Maya / El Hayek, Samer / Beaini, Hadi / Kobeissy, Firas / Talih, Farid

Substance abuse

2021 Volume 42, Issue 3, Page(s) 264–265

Abstract: Lebanon, a small middle-income nation in western Asia, has been crippled by decades of political turmoil and armed conflict. A "quadruple crisis" hit the country over the past years, starting with the protracted humanitarian Syrian refugee crisis, ... ...

Abstract	Lebanon, a small middle-income nation in western Asia, has been crippled by decades of political turmoil and armed conflict. A "quadruple crisis" hit the country over the past years, starting with the protracted humanitarian Syrian refugee crisis, followed by a severe socioeconomic collapse, the global COVID-19 pandemic, and lastly the Beirut port catastrophic blast. With the exposure to repetitive traumatic events and associated organic brain injury, the Lebanese population has become at a higher risk of addiction, among other psychiatric comorbidities. With the scarce statistics about the topic and limited addiction services in the country, collaborative local efforts and international help are urgently needed to fight the upcoming substance use epidemic. Raising awareness, providing adequate training, and securing resources for the management of both addiction and trauma are of utmost importance.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Disasters ; Economic Recession ; Humans ; Lebanon/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Refugees ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1458030-5
ISSN	1547-0164 ; 0889-7077
ISSN (online)	1547-0164
ISSN	0889-7077
DOI	10.1080/08897077.2021.1915919
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