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  1. Book: Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook, Multi-Volume

    Leber, Amy L / Burnham, Carey-Ann D

    2023  

    Language English
    Size 3792 p.
    Edition 5
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Book
    Note PDA Manuell_22
    Format 242 x 296 x 189
    ISBN 9781683673989 ; 1683673980
    Database PDA

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  2. Article ; Online: Maternal and congenital human cytomegalovirus infection: laboratory testing for detection and diagnosis.

    Leber, Amy L

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2024  Volume 62, Issue 4, Page(s) e0031323

    Abstract: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of congenital infection worldwide and the most common cause of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss. As there is no vaccine or other specific intervention to prevent congenital CMV infection, there is a ... ...

    Abstract Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of congenital infection worldwide and the most common cause of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss. As there is no vaccine or other specific intervention to prevent congenital CMV infection, there is a need to identify maternal and congenital infections with sensitive and specific testing as early as possible. There is no widely accepted practice for screening during pregnancy or in all newborns for identification of possible cases of congenital CMV. Currently, screening during pregnancy is limited to those identified as at risk followed by fetal and/or neonatal testing when congenital infection is suspected. This review focuses primarily on the current status of laboratory testing for diagnosis of maternal and congenital CMV infections. Primary maternal infection is best diagnosed using serologic testing, including CMV IgM, IgG, and avidity testing, while fetal infection should be assessed by nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) of amniotic fluid. Urine and saliva NAATs are the mainstay for diagnosis of congenital CMV in the first 3 weeks of life. Testing of dried blood spots can be useful for diagnosis of congenital CMV outside of the newborn period. The gaps in knowledge such as the prognostic value of viral loads in various sample types are addressed.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Fetal Diseases/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/jcm.00313-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Clinical and molecular characteristics of the 2022 Enterovirus-D68 outbreak among hospitalized children, Ohio, USA.

    Cao, Raquel Giacomelli / Mejias, Asuncion / Leber, Amy L / Wang, Huanyu

    Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

    2023  Volume 169, Page(s) 105618

    Abstract: Background: Enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) has appeared biennially in the United States following the 2014 outbreak. It has gained epidemiologic and clinical relevance and was identified as an important pathogen associated with severe respiratory and central ... ...

    Abstract Background: Enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) has appeared biennially in the United States following the 2014 outbreak. It has gained epidemiologic and clinical relevance and was identified as an important pathogen associated with severe respiratory and central nervous system diseases. We aim to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of the post-pandemic 2022 Enterovirus-D68 outbreak in children evaluated in a tertiary pediatric hospital in Columbus, Ohio.
    Methods: EV-D68 RT-PCR was performed on nasopharyngeal specimens collected during Jun-Nov 2022 from children (<18 years), identified by 1) physician-order or 2) random selection of 10-15 specimens weekly that were Rhinovirus/Enterovirus-positive by physician-ordered respiratory virus panel. Patients who tested positive for EV-D68 were identified and clinical data and outcomes were analyzed. Partial viral VP1 region was sequenced and characterized.
    Results: Forty-four children positive for EV-D68 were identified, among which 88.6 % of patients presented with respiratory symptoms and 61.4 % required PICU admission. Two patients presented with AFM that was attributed to EV-D68. EV-D68 sequences from 2022 clustered within the B3 subclade.
    Conclusions: A significant proportion of children identified with EV-D68 during the 2022 outbreak had respiratory compromise requiring PICU admission. As the virus continues evolving, it is important to monitor the activity of EV-D68, characterizing these strains clinically and genetically, which will help to understand the viral pathogenicity and virulence.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Ohio/epidemiology ; Child, Hospitalized ; Enterovirus D, Human/genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1446080-4
    ISSN 1873-5967 ; 1386-6532
    ISSN (online) 1873-5967
    ISSN 1386-6532
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105618
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Hidden Crisis in the Times of COVID-19: Critical Shortages of Medical Laboratory Professionals in Clinical Microbiology.

    Leber, Amy L / Peterson, Ellena / Dien Bard, Jennifer

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2022  Volume 60, Issue 8, Page(s) e0024122

    Abstract: The COVID pandemic has put a spotlight on laboratory medicine, showcasing how vital diagnostic testing is for society and the health care system. It has also brought to light and accelerated the critical shortage of trained and experienced laboratory ... ...

    Abstract The COVID pandemic has put a spotlight on laboratory medicine, showcasing how vital diagnostic testing is for society and the health care system. It has also brought to light and accelerated the critical shortage of trained and experienced laboratory personnel that has been felt for decades. The need for laboratory professionals is expected to grow by 11% between 2020 and 2030, a higher rate of growth than the overall average for all other health care occupations. Here, the background to this workforce shortage is reviewed. Some proposed actions to help address the issue are put forth, including increasing awareness of the medical laboratory science profession along with bolstering training opportunities and awareness of alternate routes to obtaining certification as a medical laboratory scientist. In addition, recent survey data specifically related to the employee shortages in microbiology are presented which demonstrate that 80% of microbiology laboratories have vacant positions and that filling these positions is challenging for a number of reasons, including a lack of qualified applicants.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Laboratories ; Medical Laboratory Personnel ; Medical Laboratory Science/education ; Pandemics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/jcm.00241-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Asymptomatic COVID-19 Reinfection in a Pediatric Patient with Heterotaxy Syndrome.

    Erdem, Guliz / Cua, Clifford L / Basu, Amrita / Lee, Simon / Leber, Amy / Abraham, Roshini S

    Viral immunology

    2023  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 144–148

    Abstract: We report an asymptomatic child with heterotaxy syndrome who had recurrent positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing. An aberrant lymphocyte population expressing CD19, CD16, and CD56 was identified; its phenotyping revealing atypical NK ... ...

    Abstract We report an asymptomatic child with heterotaxy syndrome who had recurrent positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing. An aberrant lymphocyte population expressing CD19, CD16, and CD56 was identified; its phenotyping revealing atypical NK cells. This subset's role in protection from severe disease or in reinfection cannot be ascertained.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Male ; Asymptomatic Infections ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/immunology ; Heterotaxy Syndrome/complications ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Receptors, IgG/metabolism ; Reinfection/complications ; Reinfection/immunology ; Antigens, CD19/metabolism ; CD56 Antigen/metabolism
    Chemical Substances CD19 molecule, human ; Receptors, IgG ; Antigens, CD19 ; NCAM1 protein, human ; CD56 Antigen
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639075-4
    ISSN 1557-8976 ; 0882-8245
    ISSN (online) 1557-8976
    ISSN 0882-8245
    DOI 10.1089/vim.2022.0131
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Multicenter Evaluation of the DiaSorin Molecular Simplexa Congenital CMV Direct PCR Test on Neonatal Saliva and Urine Specimens.

    Dunn, James J / Selvarangan, Rangaraj / Maggert, Kevin / Young, Stephen / Leber, Amy L

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2023  Volume 61, Issue 6, Page(s) e0028323

    Abstract: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common virus associated with congenital infection worldwide and is a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and developmental delay. Up to 90% of infants with congenital CMV (cCMV) infection are asymptomatic at ...

    Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common virus associated with congenital infection worldwide and is a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and developmental delay. Up to 90% of infants with congenital CMV (cCMV) infection are asymptomatic at birth, making the diagnosis challenging. Postnatal diagnosis involves testing newborn saliva and/or urine collected before 21 days of life to confirm cCMV infection. This multicenter study evaluated the performance of the Simplexa Congenital CMV Direct real-time PCR assay for the qualitative detection of CMV in newborn saliva (
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Saliva ; Neonatal Screening/methods ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis ; Cytomegalovirus/genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/jcm.00283-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection With Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Children, Ohio, United States.

    Wang, Huanyu / Wright, Tori / Everhart, Kathy / Oyeniran, Sophonie J / Mejias, Asuncion / Leber, Amy L

    Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) 198–204

    Abstract: Background: Beginning in late 2021, we observed a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in pediatric patients evaluated at our institution. We aimed to characterize the children with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, determine the number of SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

    Abstract Background: Beginning in late 2021, we observed a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2 reinfections in pediatric patients evaluated at our institution. We aimed to characterize the children with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, determine the number of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections, and characterize the intervals between two infections in our patient population.
    Methods: From March 2020 to September 2022, we identified children ≤21 years old who had ≥2 SARS-CoV-2 infections using laboratory reports. We then defined the type of SARS-CoV-2 variant in the first and subsequent infections by mutation-specific typing or local epidemiology data. Clinical outcomes and the intervals between SARS-CoV-2 infections were assessed.
    Results: We identified 541 children with ≥2 SARS-CoV-2 infections. The median interval between two infections was 229 days. The hospitalization rate was lower in the second infection. Reinfection counts were higher during the periods that Omicron variants predominated. Reinfection occurred more rapidly when Omicron variants were circulating with some occurring in less than 90 days.
    Conclusions: As SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, there is a need for ongoing surveillance to identify the frequency and time interval between reinfections and to re-evaluate the definition of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Ohio/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Reinfection/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2668791-4
    ISSN 2048-7207 ; 2048-7193
    ISSN (online) 2048-7207
    ISSN 2048-7193
    DOI 10.1093/jpids/piad017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Detection of human herpesvirus 6 in pediatric CSF samples: causing disease or incidental distraction?

    Wang, Huanyu / Tomatis-Souverbielle, Cristina / Everhart, Kathy / Oyeniran, Sophonie J / Leber, Amy L

    Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

    2023  Volume 107, Issue 2, Page(s) 116029

    Abstract: Interpretation of human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV6) detection in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children can be complex; the virus can cause acute infection, reactivation, or can be inherited chromosomally integrated (iciHHV6). Our objectives were to ... ...

    Abstract Interpretation of human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV6) detection in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children can be complex; the virus can cause acute infection, reactivation, or can be inherited chromosomally integrated (iciHHV6). Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of HHV6 including iciHHV6 in CSF and compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics with and without iciHHV6 in our patient population. Overall, the prevalence of HHV6 and iciHHV6 was 2.4% and 0.85%, respectively. Children with iciHHV6 were significantly younger and less likely to present with fever. Septic infants (≤60 days) accounted for 65.2% (15/23) of the iciHHV6 patients. Patients with iciHHV6 had higher viral loads in CSF and whole blood. Twenty-one (91.3%) patients with iciHHV6 and 12 (33.3%) without ici-HHV6 were determined to have an incidental detection of HHV6 not associated with presenting symptoms. Molecular detection of HHV6 in CSF is not always associated with HHV6 infection and may represent iciHHV6 particularly in infants evaluated for sepsis.
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Child ; Humans ; Herpesvirus 6, Human/genetics ; Roseolovirus Infections/diagnosis ; Roseolovirus Infections/complications ; Viral Load
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604920-5
    ISSN 1879-0070 ; 0732-8893
    ISSN (online) 1879-0070
    ISSN 0732-8893
    DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Performance comparison of three commercial tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a common set of pediatric samples.

    Oyeniran, Sophonie J / Wang, Huanyu / Everhart, Kathy / Mack, Kathy / Harvey, Kevin / Leber, Amy L

    Journal of immunological methods

    2023  Volume 520, Page(s) 113536

    Abstract: Background: Serologic testing for SARS CoV-2 is useful for detection of past infection and assisting in diagnosis of post-COVID-19 syndromes such as MIS-C. Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children differ from adults but most antibody ... ...

    Abstract Background: Serologic testing for SARS CoV-2 is useful for detection of past infection and assisting in diagnosis of post-COVID-19 syndromes such as MIS-C. Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children differ from adults but most antibody performance studies are limited to adults.
    Objective: The objective of this study was to compare three commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody kits in a common set of children being evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    Methods: Three SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests: Abbott anti-nucleocapsid (N) IgG (AA), Epitope Diagnostics anti-N IgG (EDI) and EUROIMMUN anti-S1 Spike IgG (EU) were compared against two references: 1) RT-PCR and 2) consensus IgG (consIgG).
    Results: All three tests had a sensitivity <53% compared to RT-PCR, with EU outperforming EDI (p = 0.03). When all samples were compared to consIgG, positive percent agreement was comparable (AA-90%, EU- 98% and EDI- 88%) but EDI had significantly better negative percent agreement than EU (p = 0.009). No difference in test performance was observed using either reference when samples were collected ≥15 days post-symptom onset (PSO).
    Conclusions: Our findings suggest good performance of commercial SARS-CoV-2 IgG assays in pediatric patients with samples collected ≥15 days PSO. Additional studies investigating antibody response and assay performance in children are warranted.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Child ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120142-6
    ISSN 1872-7905 ; 0022-1759
    ISSN (online) 1872-7905
    ISSN 0022-1759
    DOI 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113536
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Surrogate testing of oral third-generation cephalosporin susceptibility to common uropathogens.

    Watson, Joshua R / Burch, Cynthia / Leber, Amy L

    Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

    2021  Volume 99, Issue 4, Page(s) 115299

    Abstract: Cefazolin susceptibility of urine isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis predicts susceptibility to oral cephalosporins, but cefazolin-resistant isolates may be susceptible to oral third-generation cephalosporins. ... ...

    Abstract Cefazolin susceptibility of urine isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis predicts susceptibility to oral cephalosporins, but cefazolin-resistant isolates may be susceptible to oral third-generation cephalosporins. Among 194 urine isolates, we found >95% categorical agreement among oral third-generation cephalosporins. Surrogate testing of cefpodoxime for cefdinir, and vice versa, resulted in no major or very major errors, while combinations involving cefixime produced rare major and very major errors.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Cephalosporins/classification ; Cephalosporins/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli/drug effects ; Humans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Proteus mirabilis/drug effects ; Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cephalosporins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604920-5
    ISSN 1879-0070 ; 0732-8893
    ISSN (online) 1879-0070
    ISSN 0732-8893
    DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115299
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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