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Article: AI in biomedical research: unleashing the potential of a transformative partnership.

Haque, Zeba / Hanif, Farina / Owais, Muhammad

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2024 Volume 74, Issue 1 (Supple-2), Page(s) S1

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Biomedical Research ; Artificial Intelligence
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA-DUHS-S01
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Article: Development of low-cost and high-efficiency solar modules based on perovskite solar cells for large-scale applications.

Hanif, Muhammad Shoaib / Qasim, Irfan / Malik, Muhammad Imran / Nasir, Muhammad Farooq / Ahmad, Owais / Rashid, Asim

Heliyon

2024 Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) e25703

Abstract: Solar energy has emerged as a viable and competitive renewable resource due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. To meet the global energy demands, there is a growing need for efficient devices with unique compositions. In this study, we designed and ...

Abstract	Solar energy has emerged as a viable and competitive renewable resource due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. To meet the global energy demands, there is a growing need for efficient devices with unique compositions. In this study, we designed and analyzed a perovskite solar cell (PSC) incorporating methylammonium tin iodide (CH
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25703
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Article: 1st International Conference on Biomedical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi Pakistan.

Haque, Zeba / Hanif, Farina / Owais, Muhammad / Siddiqui, Sonia

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2023 Volume 73, Issue 6, Page(s) 1349–1352

Abstract: Institute of Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) at Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), organised a two day's conference on Biomedical Sciences. IBMS being the part of one of the largest public sector health universities of Pakistan, is now transforming the ...

Abstract	Institute of Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) at Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), organised a two day's conference on Biomedical Sciences. IBMS being the part of one of the largest public sector health universities of Pakistan, is now transforming the research trends to be effectively translated at the community level. Currently with a strong PhD faculty line in basic and clinical sciences, DUHS has a significant contribution in research output of the country. The scientific data however represents a small population per scientific study and the generalization of results may not be inferred. It must be extended through translational research for effectiveness. The conference was planned with a theme to bridge the gap between basic and translational research. The two day's conference conducted in second week of March 2023 at Dow International Medical College Ojha Campus DUHS was able to attract more than 300 participants. The scientific sessions encompassed a vast variety of health issues and their proposed solutions including neurosciences, virtual biopsies, metabolomics, medical writings and incorporation of engineering and artificial intelligence to facilitate detection and prognosis of disease. The conference was able to conclude that the multidisciplinary research studies with collaboration of two or more institutes/organizations are the need of time. Young researchers need an effective platform to showcase their research and make collaborations. Moreover, the incorporation of artificial intelligence would enhance patient care within health systems.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pakistan ; Artificial Intelligence ; Faculty ; Academies and Institutes ; Metabolomics ; Biomedical Research
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-10
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.23-47
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Article: Unforeseen complications: a case of dengue shock syndrome presenting with multi-organ dysfunction in a subtropical region.

Owais, Syed Muhammad / Ansar, Farrukh / Saqib, Muhammad / Wahid, Khatira / Rashid, Khalid / Mumtaz, Hassan

Tropical medicine and health

2023 Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 39

Abstract: Overview: Dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, is capable of causing a range of serious complications, including fulminant hepatic failure, renal dysfunction, encephalitis, encephalopathy, neuromuscular and ophthalmic ... ...

Abstract	Overview: Dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, is capable of causing a range of serious complications, including fulminant hepatic failure, renal dysfunction, encephalitis, encephalopathy, neuromuscular and ophthalmic disorders, seizures, and cardiomyopathy. Case description: This report details the case of a 30-year-old lactating woman with no notable medical history who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of high-grade fever, altered mental status, and seizures. Upon imaging, bilateral infarcts in the thalami and cerebellar hemispheres were observed, consistent with cerebellitis and dengue encephalitis. Patient treatment and outcome: The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit and received appropriate treatment. Following a critical phase and successful patient stabilization, she was transferred to a high dependency unit for a week before being discharged with recommendations for follow-up care. Conclusion: This case illustrates the broad spectrum of complications that can arise as a result of dengue infection and the importance of timely diagnosis and management in improving patient outcomes. Further investigation is required to better understand the mechanisms underlying these complications and to formulate specific guidelines for the prevention and treatment of dengue shock syndrome.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2209835-5
ISSN	1349-4147 ; 1348-8945
ISSN (online)	1349-4147
ISSN	1348-8945
DOI	10.1186/s41182-023-00530-y
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Article: Pneumatic Retinopexy: An Experience of 12 Years at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Owais Arshad, Mohammad / Javed, Khawaja Muhammad Ammar Ali / Javed, Anum / Chatni, Muhammad Hanif / Vayani, Usman

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e46180

Abstract: Purpose The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze single-operation success (SOS) rates of pneumatic retinopexy (PR) for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to identify the predictors of treatment outcomes. Methods ... ...

Abstract	Purpose The purpose of this study is to retrospectively analyze single-operation success (SOS) rates of pneumatic retinopexy (PR) for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to identify the predictors of treatment outcomes. Methods Sixty-one eyes of 61 patients who underwent PR for RRD during a period of 12 years were included in this study. Patient demographics along with pre-treatment clinical characteristics were recorded. Treatment outcomes in terms of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and anatomical characteristics were reported including any post-operative complications. Visual outcomes were compared according to pre-treatment characteristics and between groups of the eyes achieving SOS and those requiring additional surgery. Results SOS was achieved in 37 (61%) eyes. Twenty-four (39%) eyes required one (36%) or two (3%) additional procedures. There was no significant association between pre-treatment characteristics and treatment failure. SOS eyes had significantly better visual outcomes (P=0.002), and so did those with macula-on status (P=0.003). New/missed breaks (9.8%) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) (4.9%) were the most common causes of failure. Conclusions We found PR to be a beneficial technique for the treatment of RRD in this cohort. PR remains the least invasive treatment modality, and as a cost-effective technique, it is especially useful in low/middle-income countries such as Pakistan.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.46180
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Article ; Online: 1st International Conference on Biomedical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi Pakistan

Zeba Haque / Farina Hanif / Muhammad Owais / Sonia Siddiqui

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, Vol 73, Iss

2023 Volume 6

Abstract: Institute of Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) at Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), organised a two day’s conference on Biomedical Sciences. IBMS being the part of one of the largest public sector health universities of Pakistan, is now transforming the ...

Abstract	Institute of Biomedical Sciences (IBMS) at Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), organised a two day’s conference on Biomedical Sciences. IBMS being the part of one of the largest public sector health universities of Pakistan, is now transforming the research trends to be effectively translated at the community level. Currently with a strong PhD faculty line in basic and clinical sciences, DUHS has a significant contribution in research output of the country. The scientific data however represents a small population per scientific study and the generalization of results may not be inferred. It must be extended through translational research for effectiveness. The conference was planned with a theme to bridge the gap between basic and translational research. The two day’s conference conducted in second week of March 2023 at Dow International Medical College Ojha Campus DUHS was able to attract more than 300 participants. The scientific sessions encompassed a vast variety of health issues and their proposed solutions including neurosciences, virtual biopsies, metabolomics, medical writings and incorporation of engineering and artificial intelligence to facilitate detection and prognosis of disease. The conference was able to conclude that the multidisciplinary research studies with collaboration of two or more institutes/organizations are the need of time. Young researchers need an effective platform to showcase their research and make collaborations. Moreover, the incorporation of artificial intelligence would enhance patient care within health systems. Keywords: Biomedical Sciences, basic research, Translational research, IBMS, DUHS.
Keywords	Biomedical Sciences ; basic research ; Translational research ; IBMS ; DUHS ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	001
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pakistan Medical Association
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Cefepime-Induced Neurotoxicity in a 74-Year-Old Woman.

Sharma, Samanvaya / Khan, Muzammil / Owais, Muhammad / Haider, Asim

Cureus

2022 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e21918

Abstract: Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin with anti-pseudomonal coverage. It has been known to cause neurotoxicity, especially in critically ill patients and those with renal impairment. This neurotoxicity is poorly characterized and under-recognized. ...

Abstract	Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin with anti-pseudomonal coverage. It has been known to cause neurotoxicity, especially in critically ill patients and those with renal impairment. This neurotoxicity is poorly characterized and under-recognized. We present a case of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity in a 74-year-old woman being treated for cellulitis and osteomyelitis. Symptoms were gradual in onset and included confusion, verbal perseveration, and myoclonus. EEG findings included generalized periodic discharges (GPD) and generalized rhythmic delta activity with admixed sharps (GRDA + S). Symptoms resolved one to two days after the cessation of cefepime and anti-epileptic therapy with lorazepam, topiramate, and levetiracetam. We follow this with a discussion of available literature and recommend regular therapeutic drug monitoring in the future.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.21918
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Article ; Online: Mathematical modeling and control of lung cancer with IL2 cytokine and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor effects for low immune individuals.

Ahmad, Aqeel / Kulachi, Muhammad Owais / Farman, Muhammad / Junjua, Moin-Ud-Din / Bilal Riaz, Muhammad / Riaz, Sidra

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0299560

Abstract: Mathematical formulations are crucial in understanding the dynamics of disease spread within a community. The aim of this work is to examine that the Lung Cancer detection and treatment by introducing IL2 and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor for low immune ... ...

Abstract	Mathematical formulations are crucial in understanding the dynamics of disease spread within a community. The aim of this work is to examine that the Lung Cancer detection and treatment by introducing IL2 and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor for low immune individuals. Mathematical model is developed with the created hypothesis to increase immune system by antibody cell's and Fractal-Fractional operator (FFO) is used to turn the model into a fractional order model. A newly developed system TCDIL2Z is examined both qualitatively and quantitatively in order to determine its stable position. The boundedness, positivity and uniqueness of the developed system are examined to ensure reliable bounded findings, which are essential properties of epidemic models. The global derivative is demonstrated to verify the positivity with linear growth and Lipschitz conditions are employed to identify the rate of effects in each sub-compartment. The system is investigated for global stability using Lyapunov first derivative functions to assess the overall impact of IL2 and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor for low immune individuals. Fractal fractional operator is used to derive reliable solution using Mittag-Leffler kernel. In fractal-fractional operators, fractal represents the dimensions of the spread of the disease and fractional represents the fractional ordered derivative operator. We use combine operators to see real behavior of spread as well as control of lung cancer with different dimensions and continuous monitoring. Simulations are conducted to observe the symptomatic and asymptomatic effects of Lung Cancer disease to verify the relationship of IL2, anti-PD-L1 inhibitor and immune system. Also identify the real situation of the control for lung cancer disease after detection and treatment by introducing IL2 cytokine and anti-PD-L1 inhibitor which helps to generate anti-cancer cells of the patients. Such type of investigation will be useful to investigate the spread of disease as well as helpful in developing control strategies from our justified outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Interleukin-2 ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Cytokines ; Models, Theoretical ; Fractals
Chemical Substances	Interleukin-2 ; Cytokines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0299560
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Article: DMDF-Net: Dual multiscale dilated fusion network for accurate segmentation of lesions related to COVID-19 in lung radiographic scans.

Owais, Muhammad / Baek, Na Rae / Park, Kang Ryoung

Expert systems with applications

2022 Volume 202, Page(s) 117360

Abstract: The recent disaster of COVID-19 has brought the whole world to the verge of devastation because of its highly transmissible nature. In this pandemic, radiographic imaging modalities, particularly, computed tomography (CT), have shown remarkable ... ...

Abstract	The recent disaster of COVID-19 has brought the whole world to the verge of devastation because of its highly transmissible nature. In this pandemic, radiographic imaging modalities, particularly, computed tomography (CT), have shown remarkable performance for the effective diagnosis of this virus. However, the diagnostic assessment of CT data is a human-dependent process that requires sufficient time by expert radiologists. Recent developments in artificial intelligence have substituted several personal diagnostic procedures with computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods that can make an effective diagnosis, even in real time. In response to COVID-19, various CAD methods have been developed in the literature, which can detect and localize infectious regions in chest CT images. However, most existing methods do not provide cross-data analysis, which is an essential measure for assessing the generality of a CAD method. A few studies have performed cross-data analysis in their methods. Nevertheless, these methods show limited results in real-world scenarios without addressing generality issues. Therefore, in this study, we attempt to address generality issues and propose a deep learning-based CAD solution for the diagnosis of COVID-19 lesions from chest CT images. We propose a dual multiscale dilated fusion network (DMDF-Net) for the robust segmentation of small lesions in a given CT image. The proposed network mainly utilizes the strength of multiscale deep features fusion inside the encoder and decoder modules in a mutually beneficial manner to achieve superior segmentation performance. Additional pre- and post-processing steps are introduced in the proposed method to address the generality issues and further improve the diagnostic performance. Mainly, the concept of post-region of interest (ROI) fusion is introduced in the post-processing step, which reduces the number of false-positives and provides a way to accurately quantify the infected area of lung. Consequently, the proposed framework outperforms various state-of-the-art methods by accomplishing superior infection segmentation results with an average Dice similarity coefficient of 75.7%, Intersection over Union of 67.22%, Average Precision of 69.92%, Sensitivity of 72.78%, Specificity of 99.79%, Enhance-Alignment Measure of 91.11%, and Mean Absolute Error of 0.026.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2017237-0
ISSN	0957-4174
ISSN	0957-4174
DOI	10.1016/j.eswa.2022.117360
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Article ; Online: Mix-method modelling of actors' capacity for environmental sustainability and climate compatible development in energy sector.

Iqbal, Kanwar Muhammad Javed / Akhtar, Nadia / Khan, Muhammad Owais / Khan, Muhammad Irfan

Environmental science and pollution research international

2022 Volume 29, Issue 33, Page(s) 50632–50646

Abstract: The development of the energy sector has played a major role in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and pollution. The situation thus necessitates rigorous actions for climate compatible development (CCD). The energy sector is context-dependent, due to which ... ...

Abstract	The development of the energy sector has played a major role in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and pollution. The situation thus necessitates rigorous actions for climate compatible development (CCD). The energy sector is context-dependent, due to which response strategies for CCD are quite challenging particularly in the context of energy crises and the actors' capacity issue in developing countries. This study was aimed at exploring the role of government actors involved in governing the energy sector, with the objective to assess their capacity using a set of principles, criteria, and indicators (PCIs). The study attempted to answer the question: is the capacity of the line departments involved in energy governance adequate to achieve the targets set under SDG-7 and SDG-13? For this purpose, the study employed a combination of "Rules-based" and "Rights-based" governance approaches at all tiers of governance, i.e., federal, provincial, and district levels. Actors' capacity was assessed by developing a governance index based on the scoring of PCIs. Three hundred forty key informant interviews (KIIs) and 17 focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted at federal, provincial, and district levels where respondents were asked to score each of the indicators. Responses were then statistically analyzed and validated. The findings revealed that departments at the federal level are playing an effective role and are adequately equipped to align SDG-7 and SDG-13 with energy sector development. However, departments at the provincial and district levels are still lagging behind to achieve the desired objectives, which demonstrate the need to enhance the capacities of provincial and district line departments.
MeSH term(s)	Delivery of Health Care ; Government ; Greenhouse Gases ; Health Services
Chemical Substances	Greenhouse Gases
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-022-19399-1
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