LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 81

Search options

  1. Article ; Online: Bezoar secondary to NSAID use in a patient with inflammatory arthritis.

    Cox, Miriam F / Pilsworth, Eleanor / Kazmi, Muhammad

    Rheumatology (Oxford, England)

    2023  Volume 62, Issue 12, Page(s) e359–e360

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use ; Bezoars/complications ; Bezoars/drug therapy ; Arthritis/drug therapy ; Arthritis/complications ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications
    Chemical Substances Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1464822-2
    ISSN 1462-0332 ; 1462-0324
    ISSN (online) 1462-0332
    ISSN 1462-0324
    DOI 10.1093/rheumatology/kead279
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  2. Article ; Online: Early Treatment Response in Black Smokers Undergoing Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Leavens, Eleanor L S / Mayo, Matthew S / Brown, Alexandra R / Cox, Lisa Sanderson / Ellerbeck, Edward F / Ahluwalia, Jasjit S / Nollen, Nicole L

    JAMA network open

    2023  Volume 6, Issue 9, Page(s) e2334695

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Smoking Cessation ; Smokers ; Black People
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34695
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  3. Article: Multiparametric Renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction and Annual Monitoring of the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease over Two Years.

    Buchanan, Charlotte E / Mahmoud, Huda / Cox, Eleanor F / Prestwich, Benjamin L / Noble, Rebecca A / Selby, Nicholas M / Taal, Maarten W / Francis, Susan T

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 23

    Abstract: Background: Multiparametric renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method to assess kidney structure and function, but longitudinal studies are limited.: Methods: A total of 22 patients with CKD category G3-4 (estimated ... ...

    Abstract Background: Multiparametric renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method to assess kidney structure and function, but longitudinal studies are limited.
    Methods: A total of 22 patients with CKD category G3-4 (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 15-59 mL/min/1.73 m
    Results: At baseline, T
    Conclusion: Lower renal cortex perfusion and higher T
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm12237282
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  4. Article ; Online: Randomized trial comparing standard versus thermocontrolled haemodialysis using intradialytic cardiac, brain and renal magnetic resonance imaging.

    Gullapudi, Venkata R Latha / Cox, Eleanor F / Buchanan, Charlotte E / Canaud, Bernard / White, Kelly / Taal, Maarten W / Selby, Nicholas M / Francis, Susan T

    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 233–241

    Abstract: Background: Ischaemic end-organ damage during haemodialysis (HD) is a significant problem that may be ameliorated by intradialytic cooling. A randomised trial was performed to compare standard HD (SHD; dialysate temperature 37°C) and programmed cooling ... ...

    Abstract Background: Ischaemic end-organ damage during haemodialysis (HD) is a significant problem that may be ameliorated by intradialytic cooling. A randomised trial was performed to compare standard HD (SHD; dialysate temperature 37°C) and programmed cooling of the dialysate [thermocontrolled HD (TCHD)] using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess structural, functional and blood flow changes in the heart, brain and kidneys.
    Methods: Prevalent HD patients were randomly allocated to receive either SHD or TCHD for 2 weeks before undergoing serial MRI at four time points: pre-, during (30 min and 180 min) and post-dialysis. MRI measures include cardiac index, myocardial strain, longitudinal relaxation time (T1), myocardial perfusion, internal carotid and basilar artery flow, grey matter perfusion and total kidney volume. Participants then crossed to the other modality to repeat the study protocol.
    Results: Eleven participants completed the study. Separation in blood temperature between TCHD (-0.1 ± 0.3°C) and SHD (+0.3 ± 0.2°C; P = .022) was observed, although there was no difference in tympanic temperature changes between arms. There were significant intradialytic reductions in cardiac index, cardiac contractility (left ventricular strain), left carotid and basilar artery blood flow velocities, total kidney volume, longitudinal relaxation time (T1) of the renal cortex and transverse relaxation rate (T2*) of the renal cortex and medulla, but no differences between arms. Pre-dialysis T1 of the myocardium and left ventricular wall mass index were lower after 2 weeks of TCHD compared with SHD [1266 ms (interquartile range 1250-1291) versus 1311 ± 58 ms, P = .02; 66 ± 22 g/m2 versus 72 ± 23 g/m2, P = .004].
    Conclusions: HD adversely affects cardiac function, reduces carotid and basilar artery blood flow and total kidney volume, but mild dialysate cooling using a biofeedback module did not result in differences in intradialytic MRI measures compared with SHD.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Renal Dialysis/adverse effects ; Renal Dialysis/methods ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Dialysis Solutions ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Brain/diagnostic imaging
    Chemical Substances Dialysis Solutions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 90594-x
    ISSN 1460-2385 ; 0931-0509
    ISSN (online) 1460-2385
    ISSN 0931-0509
    DOI 10.1093/ndt/gfad150
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  5. Article ; Online: Variability of noninvasive MRI and biological markers in compensated cirrhosis: insights for assessing disease progression.

    Bradley, Christopher R / Cox, Eleanor F / Palaniyappan, Naaventhan / Aithal, Guruprasad P / Francis, Susan T / Guha, Indra Neil

    European radiology experimental

    2022  Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 52

    Abstract: Background: We annually monitored stable compensated cirrhosis (CC) patients to evaluate serial variation in blood serum, liver stiffness, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) measures to provide reference change values (RCV) and ... ...

    Abstract Background: We annually monitored stable compensated cirrhosis (CC) patients to evaluate serial variation in blood serum, liver stiffness, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) measures to provide reference change values (RCV) and sample size measures for future studies.
    Methods: Patients were recruited from a prospectively followed CC cohort, with assessments at baseline and annually over three years. We report on blood markers, transient elastography liver stiffness measures (LSM) and noninvasive mpMRI (volume, T1 mapping, blood flow, perfusion) of the liver, spleen, kidneys, and heart in a stable CC group and a healthy volunteer (HV) group. Coefficient of variation over time (CoV
    Results: Of 60 CC patients enrolled, 28 with stable CC were followed longitudinally and compared to 10 HVs. CoV
    Conclusions: Evidence of low CoV
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02037867 , Registered: 05/01/2013.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Biomarkers ; Disease Progression ; Fibrosis ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
    Chemical Substances Aspartate Aminotransferases (EC 2.6.1.1) ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2509-9280
    ISSN (online) 2509-9280
    DOI 10.1186/s41747-022-00303-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  6. Article ; Online: Variability of noninvasive MRI and biological markers in compensated cirrhosis

    Christopher R. Bradley / Eleanor F. Cox / Naaventhan Palaniyappan / Guruprasad P. Aithal / Susan T. Francis / Indra Neil Guha

    European Radiology Experimental, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    insights for assessing disease progression

    2022  Volume 15

    Abstract: Abstract Background We annually monitored stable compensated cirrhosis (CC) patients to evaluate serial variation in blood serum, liver stiffness, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) measures to provide reference change values (RCV) ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background We annually monitored stable compensated cirrhosis (CC) patients to evaluate serial variation in blood serum, liver stiffness, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) measures to provide reference change values (RCV) and sample size measures for future studies. Methods Patients were recruited from a prospectively followed CC cohort, with assessments at baseline and annually over three years. We report on blood markers, transient elastography liver stiffness measures (LSM) and noninvasive mpMRI (volume, T1 mapping, blood flow, perfusion) of the liver, spleen, kidneys, and heart in a stable CC group and a healthy volunteer (HV) group. Coefficient of variation over time (CoVT) and RCV are reported, along with hazard ratio to assess disease progression. Sample size estimates to power future trials of cirrhosis regression on mpMRI are presented. Results Of 60 CC patients enrolled, 28 with stable CC were followed longitudinally and compared to 10 HVs. CoVT in mpMRI measures was comparable between CC and HV groups. CoVT of Enhanced Liver Fibrosis score was low (< 5%) compared to Fibrosis-4 index (17.9%) and Aspartate Aminotransferase-to-Platelet-Ratio Index (19.4%). A large CoVT (20.7%) and RCV (48.3%) were observed for LSM. CoVT and RCV were low for liver, spleen, and renal T1 values (CoVT < 5%, RCV < 8%) and volume (CoVT < 10%, RCV < 16%); haemodynamic measures were high (CoVT 12–25%, RCV 16–47%). Conclusions Evidence of low CoVT and RCV in multiorgan T1 values. RCV and sample size estimates are provided for future longitudinal multiorgan monitoring in CC patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02037867 , Registered: 05/01/2013.
    Keywords Biomarkers ; Disease progression ; Liver cirrhosis ; Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging ; Sample size ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  7. Article: Evaluation of 2D Imaging Schemes for Pulsed Arterial Spin Labeling of the Human Kidney Cortex.

    Buchanan, Charlotte E / Cox, Eleanor F / Francis, Susan T

    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2018  Volume 8, Issue 3

    Abstract: A number of imaging readout schemes are proposed for renal arterial spin labeling (ASL) to quantify kidney cortex perfusion, including gradient echo-based methods of balanced fast field echo (bFFE) and gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (GE-EPI), or spin ... ...

    Abstract A number of imaging readout schemes are proposed for renal arterial spin labeling (ASL) to quantify kidney cortex perfusion, including gradient echo-based methods of balanced fast field echo (bFFE) and gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (GE-EPI), or spin echo-based schemes of spin-echo echo-planar imaging (SE-EPI) and turbo spin-echo (TSE). Here, we compare these two-dimensional (2D) imaging schemes to evaluate the optimal imaging scheme for pulsed ASL (PASL) assessment of human kidney cortex perfusion at 3 T. Ten healthy volunteers with normal renal function were scanned using each 2D multi-slice imaging scheme, in combination with a respiratory triggered flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) ASL scheme on a 3 T Philips Achieva scanner. All volunteers returned for a second identical scan session within two weeks of the first scan session. Comparisons were made between the imaging schemes in terms of perfusion-weighted image (PWI) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and perfusion quantification, temporal SNR (tSNR), spatial coverage, and repeatability. For each imaging scheme, the renal cortex perfusion was calculated (bFFE: 276 ± 29 mL/100g/min, GE-EPI: 222 ± 18 mL/100g/min, SE-EPI: 201 ± 36 mL/100g/min, and TSE: 200 ± 20 mL/100g/min). Perfusion was found to be higher for GE-based readouts when compared with SE-based readouts, with significantly higher measured perfusion for the bFFE readout when compared with all other schemes (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662336-5
    ISSN 2075-4418
    ISSN 2075-4418
    DOI 10.3390/diagnostics8030043
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  8. Article ; Online: Multiparametric Renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction and Annual Monitoring of the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease over Two Years

    Charlotte E. Buchanan / Huda Mahmoud / Eleanor F. Cox / Benjamin L. Prestwich / Rebecca A. Noble / Nicholas M. Selby / Maarten W. Taal / Susan T. Francis

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 23, p

    2023  Volume 7282

    Abstract: Background: Multiparametric renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method to assess kidney structure and function, but longitudinal studies are limited. Methods: A total of 22 patients with CKD category G3-4 (estimated glomerular ... ...

    Abstract Background: Multiparametric renal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a non-invasive method to assess kidney structure and function, but longitudinal studies are limited. Methods: A total of 22 patients with CKD category G3-4 (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 15–59 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) were recruited. Annual 3T multiparametric renal MRI scans were performed, comprising total kidney volume (TKV), longitudinal relaxation time (T 1 ), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), Arterial Spin Labelling, and Blood Oxygen Level Dependent relaxation time (T 2 *), with 15 patients completing a Year 2 scan. CKD progression over 2 years was defined as eGFR_slope ≥ −5 mL/min/1.73 m 2 /year. Results: At baseline, T 1 was higher (cortex p = 0.05, medulla p = 0.03) and cortex perfusion lower ( p = 0.015) in participants with subsequent progression versus stable eGFR. A significant decrease in TKV and ADC and an increase in cortex T 1 occurred in progressors at Year 1 and Year 2, with a significant decrease in perfusion in progressors only at Year 2. The only decline in the stable group was a reduction in TKV. There was no significant change in cortex or medulla T 2 * at Year 1 or Year 2 for progressors or stable participants. Conclusion: Lower renal cortex perfusion and higher T 1 in the cortex and medulla may predict CKD progression, while renal cortex T 1 , TKV, and ADC may be useful to monitor progression. This study provides pilot data for future large-scale studies.
    Keywords chronic kidney disease ; magnetic resonance imaging ; multiparametric ; progression ; monitoring ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    More links

    Kategorien

  9. Article ; Online: Multiple Pharmacotherapy Adaptations for Smoking Cessation Based on Treatment Response in Black Adults Who Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    Nollen, Nicole L / Ahluwalia, Jasjit S / Mayo, Matthew S / Ellerbeck, Edward F / Leavens, Eleanor L S / Salzman, Gary / Shanks, Denton / Woodward, Jennifer / Greiner, K Allen / Cox, Lisa Sanderson

    JAMA network open

    2023  Volume 6, Issue 6, Page(s) e2317895

    Abstract: Importance: Adapting to different smoking cessation medications when an individual has not stopped smoking has shown promise, but efficacy has not been tested in racial and ethnic minority individuals who smoke and tend to have less success in quitting ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Adapting to different smoking cessation medications when an individual has not stopped smoking has shown promise, but efficacy has not been tested in racial and ethnic minority individuals who smoke and tend to have less success in quitting and bear a disproportionate share of tobacco-related morbidity and mortality.
    Objective: To evaluate efficacy of multiple smoking cessation pharmacotherapy adaptations based on treatment response in Black adults who smoke daily.
    Design, setting, and participants: This randomized clinical trial of adapted therapy (ADT) or enhanced usual care (UC) included non-Hispanic Black adults who smoke and was conducted from May 2019 to January 2022 at a federally qualified health center in Kansas City, Missouri. Data analysis took place from March 2022 to January 2023.
    Interventions: Both groups received 18 weeks of pharmacotherapy with long-term follow-up through week 26. The ADT group consisted of 196 individuals who received a nicotine patch (NP) and up to 2 pharmacotherapy adaptations, with a first switch to varenicline at week 2 and, if needed, a second switch to bupropion plus NP (bupropion + NP) based on carbon monoxide (CO)-verified smoking status (CO ≥6 ppm) at week 6. The UC group consisted of 196 individuals who received NP throughout the duration of treatment.
    Main outcomes and measures: Anabasine-verified and anatabine-verified point-prevalence abstinence at week 12 (primary end point) and weeks 18 and 26 (secondary end points). The χ2 test was used to compare verified abstinence at week 12 (primary end point) and weeks 18 and 26 (secondary end points) between ADT and UC. A post hoc sensitivity analysis of smoking abstinence at week 12 was performed with multiple imputation using a monotone logistic regression with treatment and gender as covariates to impute the missing data.
    Results: Among 392 participants who were enrolled (mean [SD] age, 53 [11.6] years; 224 [57%] female; 186 [47%] ≤ 100% federal poverty level; mean [SD] 13 [12.4] cigarettes per day), 324 (83%) completed the trial. Overall, 196 individuals were randomized to each study group. Using intent-to-treat and imputing missing data as participants who smoke, verified 7-day abstinence was not significantly different by treatment group at 12 weeks (ADT: 34 of 196 [17.4%]; UC: 23 of 196 [11.7%]; odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% CI, 0.89-2.80; P = .12), 18 weeks (ADT: 32 of 196 [16.3%]; UC: 31 of 196 [15.8%]; OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.61-1.78; P = .89), and 26 weeks (ADT: 24 of 196 [12.2%]; UC: 26 of 196 [13.3%]; OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.50-1.65; P = .76). Of the ADT participants who received pharmacotherapy adaptations (135/188 [71.8%]), 11 of 135 (8.1%) were abstinent at week 12. Controlling for treatment, individuals who responded to treatment and had CO-verified abstinence at week 2 had 4.6 times greater odds of being abstinent at week 12 (37 of 129 [28.7%] abstinence) than those who did not respond to treatment (19 of 245 [7.8%] abstinence; OR; 4.6; 95% CI, 2.5-8.6; P < .001).
    Conclusions and relevance: In this randomized clinical trial of adapted vs standard of care pharmacotherapy, adaptation to varenicline and/or bupropion + NP after failure of NP monotherapy did not significantly improve abstinence rates for Black adults who smoke relative to those who continued treatment with NP. Those who achieved abstinence in the first 2 weeks of the study were significantly more likely to achieve later abstinence, highlighting early treatment response as an important area for preemptive intervention.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03897439.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Smoking Cessation ; Varenicline/therapeutic use ; Bupropion/therapeutic use ; Ethnicity ; Minority Groups ; Nicotine ; Smoking/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Varenicline (W6HS99O8ZO) ; Bupropion (01ZG3TPX31) ; Nicotine (6M3C89ZY6R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.17895
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

  10. Article ; Online: Automated renal segmentation in healthy and chronic kidney disease subjects using a convolutional neural network.

    Daniel, Alexander J / Buchanan, Charlotte E / Allcock, Thomas / Scerri, Daniel / Cox, Eleanor F / Prestwich, Benjamin L / Francis, Susan T

    Magnetic resonance in medicine

    2021  Volume 86, Issue 2, Page(s) 1125–1136

    Abstract: Purpose: Total kidney volume (TKV) is an important measure in renal disease detection and monitoring. We developed a fully automated method to segment the kidneys from T: Methods: This automated method uses machine learning, specifically a 2D ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Total kidney volume (TKV) is an important measure in renal disease detection and monitoring. We developed a fully automated method to segment the kidneys from T
    Methods: This automated method uses machine learning, specifically a 2D convolutional neural network (CNN), to accurately segment the left and right kidneys from T
    Results: The unseen test data processed by the 2D CNN had a mean Dice score of 0.93 ± 0.01. The difference between manual and automatically computed TKV was 1.2 ± 16.2 mL with a mean surface distance of 0.65 ± 0.21 mm. The variance in TKV measurements from repeat acquisitions on the same subject was significantly lower using the automated method compared to manual segmentation of the kidneys.
    Conclusion: The 2D CNN method provides fully automated segmentation of the left and right kidney and calculation of TKV in <10 s on a standard office computer, allowing high data throughput and is a freely available executable.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Kidney/diagnostic imaging ; Machine Learning ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605774-3
    ISSN 1522-2594 ; 0740-3194
    ISSN (online) 1522-2594
    ISSN 0740-3194
    DOI 10.1002/mrm.28768
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

To top