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  1. Article ; Online: Leftward, rightward, and complete exit-time distributions of jump processes.

    Klinger, J / Voituriez, R / Bénichou, O

    Physical review. E

    2023  Volume 107, Issue 5-1, Page(s) 54109

    Abstract: First-passage properties of continuous stochastic processes confined in a one-dimensional interval are well described. However, for jump processes (discrete random walks), the characterization of the corresponding observables remains elusive, despite ... ...

    Abstract First-passage properties of continuous stochastic processes confined in a one-dimensional interval are well described. However, for jump processes (discrete random walks), the characterization of the corresponding observables remains elusive, despite their relevance in various contexts. Here we derive exact asymptotic expressions for the leftward, rightward, and complete exit-time distributions from the interval [0,x] for symmetric jump processes starting from x_{0}=0, in the large x and large time limit. We show that both the leftward probability F_{[under 0]̲,x}(n) to exit through 0 at step n and rightward probability F_{0,[under x]̲}(n) to exit through x at step n exhibit a universal behavior dictated by the large-distance decay of the jump distribution parametrized by the Levy exponent μ. In particular, we exhaustively describe the n≪(x/a_{μ})^{μ} and n≫(x/a_{μ})^{μ} limits and obtain explicit results in both regimes. Our results finally provide exact asymptotics for exit-time distributions of jump processes in regimes where continuous limits do not apply.
    MeSH term(s) Stochastic Processes ; Probability ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2844562-4
    ISSN 2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
    ISSN (online) 2470-0053
    ISSN 2470-0045
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.107.054109
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  2. Article: The Influence of Preoperative Mood and Treatment Expectations on Early Postsurgical Acute Pain After a Total Knee Replacement.

    Stuhlreyer, Julia / Klinger, Regine

    Frontiers in psychiatry

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 840270

    Abstract: Background: Reducing postoperative pain immediately after surgery is crucial because severe postoperative pain reduces quality of life and increases the likelihood that patients develop chronic pain. Even though postoperative pain has been widely ... ...

    Abstract Background: Reducing postoperative pain immediately after surgery is crucial because severe postoperative pain reduces quality of life and increases the likelihood that patients develop chronic pain. Even though postoperative pain has been widely studied and there are national guidelines for pain management, the postoperative course is differently from one patient to the next. Different postoperative courses could be explained by factors related to the treatment context and the patients. Preoperative emotional states and treatment expectations are significant predictors of postoperative pain. However, the interaction between emotional states and preoperative treatment expectations and their effect on postoperative pain have not yet been studied. The aim of our study was to identify the interaction between emotional states, treatment expectation and early postsurgical acute pain.
    Methods: In this prospective clinical trial, we enrolled patients who had received a TKR at a German hospital between October 2015 and March 2019. Patients rated their preoperative pain on a numeric rating scale (NRS) 0-10 (0 = no pain and 10 = worst pain imaginable), their emotional states preoperatively on the Pain and State of Health Inventory (PHI), their preoperative treatment expectations on the Stanford Expectation of Treatment Scale (SETS), and their postoperative level of pain on a NRS 0-10.
    Findings: The questionnaires were completed by 122 patients (57% female). Emotional states predict negative treatment expectation
    Conclusion: The relationship between emotional states and postoperative pain is mediated by negative treatment expectations. Therefore, innovative treatment strategies to reduce postoperative pain should focus on eliminating negative treatment expectation through establishing a differentiated preoperative expectation management program that also focuses on emotional states.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564218-2
    ISSN 1664-0640
    ISSN 1664-0640
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.840270
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  3. Article ; Online: [No title information]

    Stuhlreyer, Julia / Klinger, Regine

    Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)

    2022  Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 225

    Title translation Erratum zu: Behandlungserwartungen bei postoperativen Schmerzen.
    Language German
    Publishing date 2022-02-16
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 625283-7
    ISSN 1432-2129 ; 0932-433X
    ISSN (online) 1432-2129
    ISSN 0932-433X
    DOI 10.1007/s00482-022-00625-1
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  4. Article ; Online: Splitting Probabilities of Symmetric Jump Processes.

    Klinger, J / Voituriez, R / Bénichou, O

    Physical review letters

    2022  Volume 129, Issue 14, Page(s) 140603

    Abstract: We derive a universal, exact asymptotic form of the splitting probability for symmetric continuous jump processes, which quantifies the probability π_{0,[under x]_}(x_{0}) that the process crosses x before 0 starting from a given position x_{0}∈[0,x] in ... ...

    Abstract We derive a universal, exact asymptotic form of the splitting probability for symmetric continuous jump processes, which quantifies the probability π_{0,[under x]_}(x_{0}) that the process crosses x before 0 starting from a given position x_{0}∈[0,x] in the regime x_{0}≪x. This analysis provides in particular a fully explicit determination of the transmission probability (x_{0}=0), in striking contrast with the trivial prediction π_{0,[under x]_}(0)=0 obtained by taking the continuous limit of the process, which reveals the importance of the microscopic properties of the dynamics. These results are illustrated with paradigmatic models of jump processes with applications to light scattering in heterogeneous media in realistic 3D slab geometries. In this context, our explicit predictions of the transmission probability, which can be directly measured experimentally, provide a quantitative characterization of the effective random process describing light scattering in the medium.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.140603
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  5. Article ; Online: Seeing others is believing – Analgetische Placeboeffekte durch Beobachtungslernen?

    Schwartz, Marie / Stuhlreyer, J / Klinger, R

    Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)

    2022  Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 196–204

    Abstract: Background: There are many studies on placebo analgesia and its underlying mechanisms that show a significant improvement of care for chronic pain patients. However, observational learning has not been researched to this degree.: Objectives: The goal ...

    Title translation Seeing others is believing-analgesic placebo effects through observational learning?
    Abstract Background: There are many studies on placebo analgesia and its underlying mechanisms that show a significant improvement of care for chronic pain patients. However, observational learning has not been researched to this degree.
    Objectives: The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the research on placebo analgesia via observational learning. The evidence around whether observational learning can induce placebo analgesia will be discussed. Also, research on the factors that influence observational learning of placebo analgesia will be reviewed.
    Materials and methods: To this end, research data bases were searched for studies on placebo analgesia via observational learning.
    Results: After inclusion and exclusion criteria were implemented, 12 studies remained. To date, there has been only one study with patients with chronic pain. The small number of included studies do not permit universal statements. However, there is preliminary evidence that observation triggers placebo analgesia as an independent mechanism. Observational learning in an experimental setting can induce placebo effects. Attention focusing on the observation might be critical. The effect sizes tend to be small to large. The effect of classical conditioning and observational learning seem to be of equal size. Live models, video recordings and even pictures of models also induce similar effects. Observational learning induces a change in expectation.
    Discussion: The evidence included provides the theoretical basis for potential significant clinical impact. Further research is needed to extend these findings to chronic pain patients.
    MeSH term(s) Analgesia ; Analgesics/therapeutic use ; Chronic Pain/drug therapy ; Humans ; Pain Management ; Placebo Effect
    Chemical Substances Analgesics
    Language German
    Publishing date 2022-04-13
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 625283-7
    ISSN 1432-2129 ; 0932-433X
    ISSN (online) 1432-2129
    ISSN 0932-433X
    DOI 10.1007/s00482-022-00646-w
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  6. Article ; Online: Assessing a Mass-Based Method for the Preparation of Low-Dosed Paediatric Capsules with Baclofen and Spironolactone.

    Klinger, Janosch / Daniels, Rolf

    Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 1

    Abstract: Despite the steadily improving medical care situation in pediatrics, some drugs are still not available in a suitable dose or dosage form and thus need to be prepared extemporaneously. Capsules can be easily compounded at the hospital and public ... ...

    Abstract Despite the steadily improving medical care situation in pediatrics, some drugs are still not available in a suitable dose or dosage form and thus need to be prepared extemporaneously. Capsules can be easily compounded at the hospital and public pharmacies, offering an alternative to liquid formulations. This study aims at testing a mass-based approach for the extemporaneous preparation of low-dose pediatric capsules and investigating systematically the API loss during this procedure. A total of 54 capsule batches were prepared with baclofen and spironolactone as pediatric-relevant drugs. The hard capsules were prepared using three different bulking agents consisting of either mannitol, lactose-monohydrate and microcrystalline cellulose mixed with 0.5% colloidal silica. Capsules were tested according to Ph. Eur. method "2.9.40 Content Uniformity" as well as for occurring powder loss and mass uniformity. The results reveal that the mass-based approach, in general, allows the preparation of low-dose pediatric capsules of appropriate quality. However, absolute quality is highly dependent on the homogeneity of the powder mixture and the use of defined parameters for capsule preparation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2737194-3
    ISSN 2226-4787 ; 2226-4787
    ISSN (online) 2226-4787
    ISSN 2226-4787
    DOI 10.3390/pharmacy9010056
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  7. Article: Development and Validation of the Pain and State of Health Inventory (PHI): Application for the Perioperative Setting.

    Stuhlreyer, Julia / Klinger, Regine

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 9

    Abstract: Currently, general measurements and evaluations of the quality of recovery are difficult because no adequate measuring tools are available. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a universal tool that assesses patient-relevant criteria-postoperative pain, ...

    Abstract Currently, general measurements and evaluations of the quality of recovery are difficult because no adequate measuring tools are available. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a universal tool that assesses patient-relevant criteria-postoperative pain, state of health, and somatic parameters. For this purpose, a pain and state of health inventory (PHI, Schmerz- und Befindlichkeitsinventar (SBI) in German) has been developed. In this study, we describe its development and validation. The development phase was led by an expert panel and was divided into three subphases: determining the conceptual structure, testing the first editions, and adjusting the inventory for a finalized edition. For the purpose of validation, the PHI was filled in by 132 patients who have undergone total knee replacement and was analyzed using principal component analysis. Construct validity was tested by correlating the items with validated questionnaires. The results showed that the inventory can test pain, state of health, and somatic parameters with great construct validity. Furthermore, the inventory is accepted by patients, map changes, and supports to initiate adequate treatment. In conclusion, the PHI is a universal tool that can be used to assess the quality of recovery in the perioperative setting and allow immediate intervention.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm10091965
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  8. Article ; Online: Behandlungserwartungen bei postoperativen Schmerzen.

    Stuhlreyer, Julia / Klinger, Regine

    Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)

    2021  Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 157–165

    Abstract: Background: Preoperative treatment expectations have a significant influence on postoperative pain and treatment outcomes. Positive expectations are an important mechanism of the placebo effect and negative expectations are an important mechanism of the ...

    Title translation Treatment expectations for postoperative pain.
    Abstract Background: Preoperative treatment expectations have a significant influence on postoperative pain and treatment outcomes. Positive expectations are an important mechanism of the placebo effect and negative expectations are an important mechanism of the nocebo effect.
    Objectives: What is the influence of treatment expectations, how are they assessed in the clinical setting, and how can the findings be implemented in clinical practice?
    Methods: A literature search was performed using the keywords "expectation" AND ("postoperative" OR "surgery"). All English and German articles were selected. In addition, the bibliographies of the articles found were examined and incorporated.
    Results: A total of 158 articles were found, 49 of which investigate expectations and include postoperative treatment outcomes. Most articles investigate expectations only at baseline to ensure that groups do not differ preoperatively. The studies that prospectively examine the influence of expectations apply very different measurement methods to investigate expectancy constructs. Thus, comparison across studies is difficult. There are few studies examining whether and how expectations can be influenced perioperatively, and who developed practice-relevant interventions to change them.
    Conclusion: Valid and reliable measurement tools should be applied in clinical trials for a more robust investigation of treatment expectations. Further studies should address possible intervention options so that treatment expectations can also be incorporated into standard clinical care.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Motivation ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Placebo Effect ; Treatment Outcome
    Language German
    Publishing date 2021-08-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 625283-7
    ISSN 1432-2129 ; 0932-433X
    ISSN (online) 1432-2129
    ISSN 0932-433X
    DOI 10.1007/s00482-021-00575-0
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  9. Article ; Online: Distribution of the span of one-dimensional confined random processes before hitting a target.

    Klinger, J / Voituriez, R / Bénichou, O

    Physical review. E

    2021  Volume 103, Issue 3-1, Page(s) 32107

    Abstract: We derive the distribution of the number of distinct sites visited by a random walker before hitting a target site of a finite one-dimensional (1D) domain. Our approach holds for the general class of Markovian processes with connected span-i.e., whose ... ...

    Abstract We derive the distribution of the number of distinct sites visited by a random walker before hitting a target site of a finite one-dimensional (1D) domain. Our approach holds for the general class of Markovian processes with connected span-i.e., whose trajectories have no "holes." We show that the distribution can be simply expressed in terms of splitting probabilities only. We provide explicit results for classical examples of random processes with relevance to target search problems, such as simple symmetric random walks, biased random walks, persistent random walks, and resetting random walks. As a by-product, explicit expressions for the splitting probabilities of all these processes are given. Extensions to reflecting boundary conditions, continuous processes, and an example of a random process with a nonconnected span are discussed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2844562-4
    ISSN 2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
    ISSN (online) 2470-0053
    ISSN 2470-0045
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.103.032107
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  10. Article ; Online: Joint statistics of space and time exploration of one-dimensional random walks.

    Klinger, J / Barbier-Chebbah, A / Voituriez, R / Bénichou, O

    Physical review. E

    2022  Volume 105, Issue 3-1, Page(s) 34116

    Abstract: The statistics of first-passage times of random walks to target sites has proved to play a key role in determining the kinetics of space exploration in various contexts. In parallel, the number of distinct sites visited by a random walker and related ... ...

    Abstract The statistics of first-passage times of random walks to target sites has proved to play a key role in determining the kinetics of space exploration in various contexts. In parallel, the number of distinct sites visited by a random walker and related observables has been introduced to characterize the geometry of space exploration. Here, we address the question of the joint distribution of the first-passage time to a target and the number of distinct sites visited when the target is reached, which fully quantifies the coupling between the kinetics and geometry of search trajectories. Focusing on one-dimensional systems, we present a general method and derive explicit expressions of this joint distribution for several representative examples of Markovian search processes. In addition, we obtain a general scaling form, which holds also for non-Markovian processes and captures the general dependence of the joint distribution on its space and time variables. We argue that the joint distribution has important applications to various problems, such as a conditional form of the Rosenstock trapping model, and the persistence properties of self-interacting random walks.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2844562-4
    ISSN 2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
    ISSN (online) 2470-0053
    ISSN 2470-0045
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.105.034116
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