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Article ; Online: Comparison of 1.5 T and 3 T magnetic resonance angiography for detecting cerebral aneurysms using deep learning-based computer-assisted detection software.

Tajima, Taku / Akai, Hiroyuki / Yasaka, Koichiro / Kunimatsu, Akira / Yoshioka, Naoki / Akahane, Masaaki / Ohtomo, Kuni / Abe, Osamu / Kiryu, Shigeru

Neuroradiology

2023 Volume 65, Issue 10, Page(s) 1473–1482

Abstract: Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of 1.5 T versus 3 T magnetic resonance angiography ... T and 3 T in 45 patients each) in clinical practice. Overall, 51 patients had 70 aneurysms. We used ... were compared between 1.5 T and 3 T MRA. Pearson's χ: Results: The sensitivity was high for 1.5 T ...

Abstract	Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of 1.5 T versus 3 T magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for detecting cerebral aneurysms with clinically available deep learning-based computer-assisted detection software (EIRL aneurysm® [EIRL_an]), which has been approved by the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. We also sought to analyze the causes of potential false positives. Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study, we evaluated the MRA scans of 90 patients who underwent head MRA (1.5 T and 3 T in 45 patients each) in clinical practice. Overall, 51 patients had 70 aneurysms. We used MRI from a vendor not included in the dataset used to create the EIRL_an algorithm. Two radiologists determined the ground truth, the accuracy of the candidates noted by EIRL_an, and the causes of false positives. The sensitivity, number of false positives per case (FPs/case), and the causes of false positives were compared between 1.5 T and 3 T MRA. Pearson's χ Results: The sensitivity was high for 1.5 T and 3 T MRA (0.875‒1), but the number of FPs/case was significantly higher with 3 T MRA (1.511 vs. 2.578, p < 0.001). The most common causes of false positives (descending order) were the origin/bifurcation of vessels/branches, flow-related artifacts, and atherosclerosis and were similar between 1.5 T and 3 T MRA. Conclusion: EIRL_an detected significantly more false-positive lesions with 3 T than with 1.5 T MRA in this external validation study. Our data may help physicians with limited experience with MRA to correctly diagnose aneurysms using EIRL_an.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Deep Learning ; Retrospective Studies ; Software ; Computers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-30
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123305-1
ISSN	1432-1920 ; 0028-3940
ISSN (online)	1432-1920
ISSN	0028-3940
DOI	10.1007/s00234-023-03216-8
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Article ; Online: Usefulness of deep learning-based noise reduction for 1.5 T MRI brain images.

Tajima, T / Akai, H / Yasaka, K / Kunimatsu, A / Yamashita, Y / Akahane, M / Yoshioka, N / Abe, O / Ohtomo, K / Kiryu, S

Clinical radiology

2022

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images with denoising procedures ... using deep learning-based reconstruction (dDLR) relative to the original 1.5 and 3 T images ... Materials and methods: Eleven volunteers underwent MRI at 3 and 1.5 T. Two-dimensional fast spin-echo T2 ...

Abstract	Aim: To evaluate 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images with denoising procedures using deep learning-based reconstruction (dDLR) relative to the original 1.5 and 3 T images. Materials and methods: Eleven volunteers underwent MRI at 3 and 1.5 T. Two-dimensional fast spin-echo T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences were performed. The dDLR method was applied to the 1.5 T data (dDLR-1.5 T), then the image quality of the dDLR-1.5 T data relative to the original 1.5 T and 3 T data was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed based on the structure similarity (SSIM) index; the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM); and the contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) between the GM and WM (CNRgm-wm) and between the striatum (ST) and WM (CNRst-wm). Results: The perceived image quality, and SNRs and CNRs were significantly higher for the dDLR-1.5 T images versus the 1.5 T images for all sequences and almost comparable or even superior to those of the 3 T images. For DWI, the SNRs and CNRst-wm were significantly higher for the dDLR-1.5 T images versus the 3 T images. Conclusion: The dDLR technique improved the image quality of 1.5 T brain MRI images. With respect to qualitative and quantitative measurements, the denoised 1.5 T brain images were almost equivalent or even superior to the 3 T brain images.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391227-9
ISSN	1365-229X ; 0009-9260
ISSN (online)	1365-229X
ISSN	0009-9260
DOI	10.1016/j.crad.2022.08.127
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Article ; Online: Deep learning reconstruction for 1.5 T cervical spine MRI: effect on interobserver agreement in the evaluation of degenerative changes.

Yasaka, Koichiro / Tanishima, Tomoya / Ohtake, Yuta / Tajima, Taku / Akai, Hiroyuki / Ohtomo, Kuni / Abe, Osamu / Kiryu, Shigeru

European radiology

2022 Volume 32, Issue 9, Page(s) 6118–6125

Abstract: ... spine MR images using a 1.5 T unit in the evaluation of degenerative changes without increasing imaging ... 5 T cervical spine sagittal T2-weighted MRI. From the imaging data with number of acquisitions (NAQ ... Conclusions: DLR improved the 1.5 T cervical spine MR images in the evaluation of degenerative spine changes ...

Abstract	Objectives: To investigate whether deep learning reconstruction (DLR) provides improved cervical spine MR images using a 1.5 T unit in the evaluation of degenerative changes without increasing imaging time. Methods: This study included 21 volunteers (age 42.4 ± 11.9 years; 17 males) who underwent 1.5 T cervical spine sagittal T2-weighted MRI. From the imaging data with number of acquisitions (NAQ) of 1 or 2, images were reconstructed with DLR (NAQ1-DLR) and without DLR (NAQ1) or without DLR (NAQ2), respectively. Two readers evaluated the images for depiction of structures, artifacts, noise, overall image quality, spinal canal stenosis, and neuroforaminal stenosis. The two readers read studies blinded and randomly. Values were compared between NAQ1-DLR and NAQ1 and between NAQ1-DLR and NAQ2 using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The analyses showed significantly better results for NAQ1-DLR compared with NAQ1 and NAQ2 (p < 0.023), except for depiction of disc and foramina by one reader and artifacts by both readers in the comparison between NAQ1-DLR and NAQ2. Interobserver agreements (Cohen's weighted kappa [97.5% confidence interval]) in the evaluation of spinal canal stenosis for NAQ1-DLR/NAQ1/NAQ2 were 0.874 (0.866-0.883)/0.778 (0.767-0.789)/0.818 (0.809-0.827), respectively, and those in the evaluation of neuroforaminal stenosis were 0.878 (0.872-0.883)/0.855 (0.849-0.860)/0.852 (0.845-0.860), respectively. Conclusions: DLR improved the 1.5 T cervical spine MR images in the evaluation of degenerative spine changes. Key points: • Two radiologists demonstrated that deep learning reconstruction reduced the noise in cervical spine sagittal T2-weighted MR images obtained using a 1.5 T unit. • Reduced noise in deep learning reconstruction images resulted in a clearer depiction of structures, such as the spinal cord, vertebrae, and zygapophyseal joint. • Interobserver agreement in the evaluation of spinal canal stenosis and foraminal stenosis on cervical spine MR images was significantly improved using deep learning reconstruction (0.874 and 0.878, respectively) versus without deep learning (0.778-0.818 and 0.852-0.855, respectively).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Deep Learning ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Observer Variation ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Stenosis/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-29
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1085366-2
ISSN	1432-1084 ; 0938-7994 ; 1613-3749
ISSN (online)	1432-1084
ISSN	0938-7994 ; 1613-3749
DOI	10.1007/s00330-022-08729-z
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Article ; Online: Impact of deep learning reconstruction on intracranial 1.5 T magnetic resonance angiography.

Yasaka, Koichiro / Akai, Hiroyuki / Sugawara, Haruto / Tajima, Taku / Akahane, Masaaki / Yoshioka, Naoki / Kabasawa, Hiroyuki / Miyo, Rintaro / Ohtomo, Kuni / Abe, Osamu / Kiryu, Shigeru

Japanese journal of radiology

2021 Volume 40, Issue 5, Page(s) 476–483

Abstract: ... improves the image quality of intracranial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) at 1.5 T.: Materials and ... Conclusion: DLR enables the production of higher quality 1.5 T intracranial MRA images with improved ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether deep learning reconstruction (DLR) improves the image quality of intracranial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) at 1.5 T. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, MRA images of 40 patients (21 males and 19 females; mean age, 65.8 ± 13.2 years) were reconstructed with and without the DLR technique (DLR image and non-DLR image, respectively). Quantitative image analysis was performed by placing regions of interest on the basilar artery and cerebrospinal fluid in the prepontine cistern. We calculated the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for analyses of the basilar artery. Two experienced radiologists evaluated the depiction of structures (the right internal carotid artery, right ophthalmic artery, basilar artery, and right superior cerebellar artery), artifacts, subjective noise and overall image quality in a qualitative image analysis. Scores were compared in the quantitative and qualitative image analyses between the DLR and non-DLR images using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: The SNR and CNR for the basilar artery were significantly higher for the DLR images than for the non-DLR images (p < 0.001). Qualitative image analysis scores (p < 0.003 and p < 0.005 for readers 1 and 2, respectively), excluding those for artifacts (p = 0.072-0.565), were also significantly higher for the DLR images than for the non-DLR images. Conclusion: DLR enables the production of higher quality 1.5 T intracranial MRA images with improved visualization of arteries.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Artifacts ; Deep Learning ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2488907-6
ISSN	1867-108X ; 1867-1071
ISSN (online)	1867-108X
ISSN	1867-1071
DOI	10.1007/s11604-021-01225-2
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Zs.A 2249: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Breath-hold 3D magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography at 1.5 T using a deep learning-based noise-reduction approach: Comparison with the conventional respiratory-triggered technique.

Tajima, Taku / Akai, Hiroyuki / Sugawara, Haruto / Yasaka, Koichiro / Kunimatsu, Akira / Yoshioka, Naoki / Akahane, Masaaki / Ohtomo, Kuni / Abe, Osamu / Kiryu, Shigeru

European journal of radiology

2021 Volume 144, Page(s) 109994

Abstract: ... learning-based reconstruction (dDLR) at 1.5 T.: Methods: Forty-two patients underwent MRCP at 1.5 T MRI ... respectively).: Conclusion: dDLR is useful and clinically feasible for BH-MRCP at 1.5 T MRI, and enables ...

Abstract	Objectives: To assess the image quality of conventional respiratory-triggered 3-dimentional (3D) magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (Resp-MRCP) and breath-hold 3D MRCP (BH-MRCP) with and without denoising procedure using deep learning-based reconstruction (dDLR) at 1.5 T. Methods: Forty-two patients underwent MRCP at 1.5 T MRI. The following imaging sequences were performed: Resp-MRCP and BH-MRCP. We applied the dDLR method to the BH-MRCP data (BH-dDLR-MRCP). As a qualitative analysis, two radiologists rated the visibility of the proximal common bile duct (CBD), pancreaticobiliary junction, distal main pancreatic duct, cystic duct, and right and left hepatic ducts. Artifacts and overall image quality were also rated. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), contrast ratios, and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of the CBD images were calculated for quantitative analysis. Results: BH-MRCP was successfully performed in a single BH. The qualitative and quantitative measurements for BH-dDLR-MRCP were significantly higher than for BH-MRCP (P < 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively), and the qualitative measurements for BH-dDLR-MRCP were equivalent to or higher than for Resp-MRCP (P = 0.048-1.000). The SNRs and CNRs for BH-dDLR-MRCP were significantly higher than for Resp-MRCP (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: dDLR is useful and clinically feasible for BH-MRCP at 1.5 T MRI, and enables rapid imaging without loss of image quality compared to conventional Resp-MRCP.
MeSH term(s)	Breath Holding ; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance ; Deep Learning ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Pancreatic Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-05
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	138815-0
ISSN	1872-7727 ; 0720-048X
ISSN (online)	1872-7727
ISSN	0720-048X
DOI	10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109994
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Article ; Online: Activation of RHOA-VAV1 signaling in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.

Fujisawa, M / Sakata-Yanagimoto, M / Nishizawa, S / Komori, D / Gershon, P / Kiryu, M / Tanzima, S / Fukumoto, K / Enami, T / Muratani, M / Yoshida, K / Ogawa, S / Matsue, K / Nakamura, N / Takeuchi, K / Izutsu, K / Fujimoto, K / Teshima, T / Miyoshi, H /

Gaulard, P / Ohshima, K / Chiba, S

Leukemia

2017 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 694–702

Abstract: Somatic G17V RHOA mutations were found in 50-70% of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL ... function through phosphorylation of 174Tyr, resulting in acceleration of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling ...

Abstract	Somatic G17V RHOA mutations were found in 50-70% of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). The mutant RHOA lacks GTP binding capacity, suggesting defects in the classical RHOA signaling. Here, we discovered the novel function of the G17V RHOA: VAV1 was identified as a G17V RHOA-specific binding partner via high-throughput screening. We found that binding of G17V RHOA to VAV1 augmented its adaptor function through phosphorylation of 174Tyr, resulting in acceleration of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Enrichment of cytokine and chemokine-related pathways was also evident by the expression of G17V RHOA. We further identified VAV1 mutations and a new translocation, VAV1-STAP2, in seven of the 85 RHOA mutation-negative samples (8.2%), whereas none of the 41 RHOA mutation-positive samples exhibited VAV1 mutations. Augmentation of 174Tyr phosphorylation was also demonstrated in VAV1-STAP2. Dasatinib, a multikinase inhibitor, efficiently blocked the accelerated VAV1 phosphorylation and the associating TCR signaling by both G17V RHOA and VAV1-STAP2 expression. Phospho-VAV1 staining was demonstrated in the clinical specimens harboring G17V RHOA and VAV1 mutations at a higher frequency than those without. Our findings indicate that the G17V RHOA-VAV1 axis may provide a new therapeutic target in AITL.
MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cytokines/metabolism ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy/genetics ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy/metabolism ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/genetics ; Lymphoma, T-Cell/metabolism ; Mutation ; NFATC Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Cytokines ; NFATC Transcription Factors ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; VAV1 protein, human ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein (EC 3.6.5.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	807030-1
ISSN	1476-5551 ; 0887-6924
ISSN (online)	1476-5551
ISSN	0887-6924
DOI	10.1038/leu.2017.273
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive validation of T- and B-cell deficiency in rag1-null zebrafish: Implication for the robust innate defense mechanisms of teleosts.

Tokunaga, Yumie / Shirouzu, Masamichi / Sugahara, Ryota / Yoshiura, Yasutoshi / Kiryu, Ikunari / Ototake, Mitsuru / Nagasawa, Takahiro / Somamoto, Tomonori / Nakao, Miki

Scientific reports

2017 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 7536

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	rag1
MeSH term(s)	Adaptive Immunity/genetics ; Adaptive Immunity/immunology ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; B-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Disease Resistance/genetics ; Disease Resistance/immunology ; Fish Diseases/genetics ; Fish Diseases/immunology ; Fish Diseases/virology ; Hepatopancreas/immunology ; Hepatopancreas/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins/immunology ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Homeostasis/genetics ; Homeostasis/immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate/genetics ; Immunity, Innate/immunology ; Mice ; Spleen/immunology ; Spleen/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Zebrafish/genetics ; Zebrafish/immunology ; Zebrafish/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Homeodomain Proteins ; RAG-1 protein (128559-51-3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-017-08000-2
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Article ; Online: Frequent expression of CD30 in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: Potential therapeutic target for anti-CD30 antibody-based therapy.

Kawamoto, Keisuke / Miyoshi, Hiroaki / Suzuki, Takaharu / Sasaki, Yuya / Yamada, Kyohei / Yanagida, Eriko / Muto, Reiji / Kiryu, Maiko / Sone, Hirohito / Seto, Masao / Ohshima, Koichi / Takizawa, Jun

Hematological oncology

2017

Abstract: Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a poor ... to be effective for Hodgkin lymphoma and mature T-cell lymphoma. However, the efficacy of BV ...

Abstract	Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Although first-line treatments for patients with localized ENKTL have been established, there is no gold standard treatment for patients with advanced ENKTL and refractory and/or relapsed disease. Anti-CD30 antibody-based therapy, including brentuximab vedotin (BV), has been shown to target malignant lymphomas with CD30 expression. In particular, this therapeutic agent has recently been suggested to be effective for Hodgkin lymphoma and mature T-cell lymphoma. However, the efficacy of BV toward ENKTL has not yet been established. Therefore, we investigated the expression of CD30 in a large cohort to evaluate BV as a potential treatment for ENKTL. In this study, 97 Japanese patients with newly diagnosed ENKTL between January 2007 and December 2015 were enrolled. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were performed for the evaluation of CD30 expression. If the cut-off value of CD30 expression is 1% or more, there were 55 positive cases (56.5%). According to the localization of lesion, the frequency of CD30 expression was significantly higher in the non-nasal type than in the nasal type (P = .0394). No differences were observed in almost all clinical characteristics between CD30-positive cases and CD30-negative cases. In addition, the expression of CD30 was not a prognostic factor for either overall survival or progression-free survival. In conclusion, frequent expression of CD30 in ENKTL suggests anti-CD30 antibody-based therapy may be an effective treatment.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604884-5
ISSN	1099-1069 ; 0278-0232
ISSN (online)	1099-1069
ISSN	0278-0232
DOI	10.1002/hon.2482
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Article ; Online: Factors associated with the size of the adhesio interthalamica based on 3.0-T magnetic resonance images.

Yasaka, Koichiro / Akai, Hiroyuki / Kunimatsu, Akira / Kiryu, Shigeru / Abe, Osamu

Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987)

2018 Volume 60, Issue 1, Page(s) 113–119

Abstract: ... with 3.0-T scanners.: Material and methods: This clinical retrospective study included images of 153 ... patients who underwent MR examination using 3.0-T scanners. The long diameter of the AI and lateral ...

Abstract	Background: Adhesio interthalamica (AI) is a small structure connecting bilateral thalami. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of patient age, sex, and lateral diameter of the third ventricle on the long diameter of the AI using multivariate analyses based on magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained with 3.0-T scanners. Material and methods: This clinical retrospective study included images of 153 patients who underwent MR examination using 3.0-T scanners. The long diameter of the AI and lateral diameter of the third ventricle were measured on images in the mid-sagittal plane and axial plane at the anterior commissure, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: AI was observed in 138 patients (70 men, 68 women; mean age = 63.7 ± 13.7 years; mean AI size =5.34 ± 1.63 mm). By univariate analyses, patient age (r = -0.262, P = 0.002), sex ( P = 0.010), and lateral diameter of the third ventricle (r = -0.642, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the long diameter of the AI. With multiple linear regression analyses with a stepwise selection of parameters, only the lateral diameter of the third ventricle (estimate = -0.432, P < 0.001) was significantly associated with the long diameter of the AI. The lateral diameter of the third ventricle was longer in patients without AI (15 patients) than in those with AI ( P = 0.006). Conclusion: The lateral diameter of the third ventricle was a major factor negatively associated with the long diameter of the AI.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Body Weights and Measures/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Thalamus/anatomy & histology
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	105-3
ISSN	1600-0455 ; 0284-1851 ; 0349-652X
ISSN (online)	1600-0455
ISSN	0284-1851 ; 0349-652X
DOI	10.1177/0284185118774952
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive validation of T- and B-cell deficiency in rag1-null zebrafish

Yumie Tokunaga / Masamichi Shirouzu / Ryota Sugahara / Yasutoshi Yoshiura / Ikunari Kiryu / Mitsuru Ototake / Takahiro Nagasawa / Tomonori Somamoto / Miki Nakao

Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

Implication for the robust innate defense mechanisms of teleosts

2017 Volume 10

Abstract: ... zebrafish, we obtained further functional evidence on T- and B-cell deficiency in the fish at the protein ... to the hepatopancreas due to the absence of T- and B-cell function, implying that immune homeostasis may change ...

Abstract	Abstract rag1 −/− zebrafish have been employed in immunological research as a useful immunodeficient vertebrate model, but with only fragmentary evidence for the lack of functional adaptive immunity. rag1-null zebrafish exhibit differences from their human and murine counterparts in that they can be maintained without any specific pathogen-free conditions. To define the immunodeficient status of rag1 −/− zebrafish, we obtained further functional evidence on T- and B-cell deficiency in the fish at the protein, cellular, and organism levels. Our developed microscale assays provided evidence that rag1 −/− fish do not possess serum IgM protein, that they do not achieve specific protection even after vaccination, and that they cannot induce antigen-specific CTL activity. The mortality rate in non-vaccinated fish suggests that rag1 −/− fish possess innate protection equivalent to that of rag1 +/− fish. Furthermore, poly(I:C)-induced immune responses revealed that the organ that controls anti-viral immunity is shifted from the spleen to the hepatopancreas due to the absence of T- and B-cell function, implying that immune homeostasis may change to an underside mode in rag-null fish. These findings suggest that the teleost relies heavily on innate immunity. Thus, this model could better highlight innate immunity in animals that lack adaptive immunity than mouse models.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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