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Book ; Online: A regional pCO2 climatology of the Baltic Sea from in situ pCO2 observations and a model-based extrapolation approach

Bittig, Henry C. / Jacobs, Erik / Neumann, Thomas / Rehder, Gregor

eISSN: 1866-3516

2024

Abstract: ... are obtained without the need for or dependence on ancillary data (e.g. satellite sea surface ...

Abstract	Ocean surface p CO 2 estimates are of great interest for the calculation of air–sea CO 2 fluxes, oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO 2 , and eventually the Global Carbon Budget. They are accessible from direct observations, which are discrete in space and time and thus always sparse, or from biogeochemical models, which only approximate reality. Here, a combined method for the extrapolation of p CO 2 observations is presented that uses (1) model-based patterns of variability from an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of variability with (2) observational data to constrain EOF pattern amplitudes in (3) an ensemble approach, which locally adjusts the spatial scale of the mapping to the density of the observations. Thus, data-constrained, gap- and discontinuity-free mapped fields including local error estimates are obtained without the need for or dependence on ancillary data (e.g. satellite sea surface temperature maps). This extrapolation approach is generic in that it can be applied to any oceanic or coastal region covered by a suitable model and observations. It is used here to establish a regional p CO 2 climatology of the Baltic Sea ( Bittig et al. , 2023 : https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.961119 ), largely based on ICOS-DE ship of opportunity (SOOP) Finnmaid surface p CO 2 observations between Lübeck-Travemünde (Germany) and Helsinki (Finland). The climatology can serve as improved input for atmosphere–ocean CO 2 flux estimation in this coastal environment.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
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Book ; Online: The Duck's Brain

Schüle, Maximilian E. / Neumann, Thomas / Kemper, Alfons

Training and Inference of Neural Networks in Modern Database Engines

2023

Abstract: Although database systems perform well in data access and manipulation, their relational model hinders data scientists from formulating machine learning algorithms in SQL. Nevertheless, we argue that modern database systems perform well for machine ... ...

Abstract	Although database systems perform well in data access and manipulation, their relational model hinders data scientists from formulating machine learning algorithms in SQL. Nevertheless, we argue that modern database systems perform well for machine learning algorithms expressed in relational algebra. To overcome the barrier of the relational model, this paper shows how to transform data into a relational representation for training neural networks in SQL: We first describe building blocks for data transformation, model training and inference in SQL-92 and their counterparts using an extended array data type. Then, we compare the implementation for model training and inference using array data types to the one using a relational representation in SQL-92 only. The evaluation in terms of runtime and memory consumption proves the suitability of modern database systems for matrix algebra, although specialised array data types perform better than matrices in relational representation. Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures
Keywords	Computer Science - Databases ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; H.2.4
Subject code	004
Publishing date	2023-12-28
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: How many bones? Every bone in my body.

Neumann, Paul E / Gest, Thomas R

Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)

2019 Volume 33, Issue 2, Page(s) 187–191

Abstract: Textbooks frequently report that there are 206 human bones, or 200 bones and 6 auditory ossicles. The human bone counts in history and within adulthood were reviewed. Tallies of 197 to 307 bones have been reported over the past several centuries. The ... ...

Abstract	Textbooks frequently report that there are 206 human bones, or 200 bones and 6 auditory ossicles. The human bone counts in history and within adulthood were reviewed. Tallies of 197 to 307 bones have been reported over the past several centuries. The relatively low modern reckoning of 206 was due to exclusion of teeth and sesamoid ossicles, and to reassessments of the hyoid, sacrum, coccyx, and sternum as unitary bones. An audit of bone counts during adulthood failed to confirm a rational justification for the total of 206. The number is higher in young adults and lower in the elderly. Difficulties in establishing a definitive bone count include individual differences and the inconsistency of viewing the adult cranium as a collection of 21 bones. Clin. Anat. 33:187-191, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MeSH term(s)	Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology ; Ear Ossicles/anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Sesamoid Bones/anatomy & histology ; Skeleton/anatomy & histology ; Skull/anatomy & histology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1025505-9
ISSN	1098-2353 ; 0897-3806
ISSN (online)	1098-2353
ISSN	0897-3806
DOI	10.1002/ca.23425
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Article ; Online: Occupational Therapy: A Potential Solution to the Behavioral Health Workforce Shortage.

Read, Halley / Zagorac, Sarah / Neumann, Nuriya / Kramer, Ilyse / Walker, Lauren / Thomas, Elizabeth

Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)

2024 , Page(s) appips20230298

Abstract: Occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) are clinically prepared to treat patients with behavioral health conditions. Yet, many state and national policies defining qualified behavioral health providers do not include occupational therapy. In this Open ... ...

Abstract	Occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) are clinically prepared to treat patients with behavioral health conditions. Yet, many state and national policies defining qualified behavioral health providers do not include occupational therapy. In this Open Forum, the authors argue that OTPs should be considered qualified to work as behavioral health professionals, especially given the severe behavioral health workforce shortage in the United States. The authors summarize policy barriers preventing OTPs from working on behavioral health teams and the evidence to support their presence. They also propose a policy and advocacy agenda to include and recognize OTPs as members of the behavioral health workforce.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1220173-x
ISSN	1557-9700 ; 1075-2730
ISSN (online)	1557-9700
ISSN	1075-2730
DOI	10.1176/appi.ps.20230298
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Article ; Online: Deoxygenation of the Baltic Sea during the last millennium

Florian Börgel / Thomas Neumann / Jurjen Rooze / Hagen Radtke / Leonie Barghorn / H. E. Markus Meier

Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: Over the last 1,000 years, changing climate strongly influenced the ecosystem of coastal oceans such as the Baltic Sea. Sedimentary records revealed that changing temperatures could be linked to changing oxygen levels, spreading anoxic, oxygen-free areas ...

Abstract	Over the last 1,000 years, changing climate strongly influenced the ecosystem of coastal oceans such as the Baltic Sea. Sedimentary records revealed that changing temperatures could be linked to changing oxygen levels, spreading anoxic, oxygen-free areas in the Baltic Sea. However, the attribution of changing oxygen levels remains to be challenging. This work simulates a preindustrial period of 850 years, covering the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age using a coupled physical-biogeochemical model. We conduct a set of sensitivity studies that allow us to disentangle the contributions of different biogeochemical processes to increasing hypoxia during the last millennium. We find that the temperature-dependent mineralization rate is a key process contributing to hypoxia formation during the MCA. Faster mineralization enhances the vertical phosphorus flux leading to higher primary production. Our results question the hypothesis that increased cyanobacteria blooms are the reason for increased hypoxia in the Baltic Sea during the MCA. Moreover, the strong contribution of the mineralization rate suggests that the role of temperature-dependent mineralization in current projections should be revisited.
Keywords	Baltic Sea ; oxygen ; last millennium ; variability ; Little Ice Age ; medieval climate anomaly ; Science ; Q ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Tlr5

Alajoleen, Razan M / Oakland, David N / Estaleen, Rana / Shakeri, Aida / Lu, Ran / Appiah, Michael / Sun, Sha / Neumann, Jonathan / Kawauchi, Shimako / Cecere, Thomas E / McMillan, Ryan P / Reilly, Christopher M / Luo, Xin M

Frontiers in immunology

2024 Volume 15, Page(s) 1359534

Abstract: Introduction: Leaky gut has been linked to autoimmune disorders including lupus. We previously reported upregulation of anti-flagellin antibodies in the blood of lupus patients and lupus-prone mice, which led to our hypothesis that a leaky gut drives ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Leaky gut has been linked to autoimmune disorders including lupus. We previously reported upregulation of anti-flagellin antibodies in the blood of lupus patients and lupus-prone mice, which led to our hypothesis that a leaky gut drives lupus through bacterial flagellin-mediated activation of toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). Methods: We created MRL/ Result: Contrary to our hypothesis that the deletion of Conclusion: Global deletion of
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Glomerulonephritis/pathology ; Kidney/pathology ; Mice, Inbred MRL lpr ; Proteinuria ; Toll-Like Receptor 5
Chemical Substances	Toll-Like Receptor 5 ; Tlr5 protein, mouse
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359534
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Article ; Online: Three-dimensional electron diffraction on clinkers: the belite α'

Plana-Ruiz, Sergi / Götz, Emilia / Neumann, Thomas / Schwesig, Peter / Kolb, Ute

Acta crystallographica Section B, Structural science, crystal engineering and materials

2024 Volume 80, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 105–116

Abstract: Traditional X-ray methods are extensively applied to commercial cement samples in order to determine their physical and chemical properties. Powder patterns are routinely used to quantify the composition of these phase mixtures, but structure ... ...

Abstract	Traditional X-ray methods are extensively applied to commercial cement samples in order to determine their physical and chemical properties. Powder patterns are routinely used to quantify the composition of these phase mixtures, but structure determination becomes difficult because of reflection overlapping caused by the high number of different crystal structures. The fast-growing 3D electron diffraction technique and its related automated acquisition protocols arise as a potentially very interesting tool for the cement industry, since they enable the fast and systematic acquisition of diffraction data from individual particles. In this context, electron diffraction has been used in the investigation of the different crystalline phases present in various commercial clinkers for cement. Automated data collection procedures and subsequent data processing have enabled the structural characterization of the different crystal structures from which the α'
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2020841-8
ISSN	2052-5206 ; 1600-5740 ; 1600-8650 ; 2052-5192
ISSN (online)	2052-5206 ; 1600-5740 ; 1600-8650
ISSN	2052-5192
DOI	10.1107/S205252062400146X
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Article ; Online: Comparative transcriptomic analyses reveal activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition program in non-metastasizing low grade pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Pretzsch, Elise / Neumann, Jens / Nieß, Hanno / Pretzsch, Charlotte M / Hofmann, F O / Kirchner, Thomas / Klauschen, Frederick / Werner, Jens / Angele, Martin / Kumbrink, Jörg

Pathology, research and practice

2024 Volume 254, Page(s) 155129

Abstract: ... markers were significantly upregulated (Vimentin, TWIST1, N-Cadherin) or downregulated (E ...

Abstract	Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction are essential for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Low grade mucinous neoplasia of the appendix (LAMN) and its advanced state low grade pseudomyxoma peritonei (lgPMP) show local aggressiveness with very limited metastatic potential as opposed to CRC. To better understand the underlying processes that foster or impede metastatic spread, we compared LAMN, lgPMP, and CRC with respect to their molecular profile with subsequent pathway analysis. LAMN, lgPMP and (mucinous) CRC cases were subjected to transcriptomic analysis utilizing Poly(A) RNA sequencing. Successfully sequenced cases (LAMN n = 10, 77%, lgPMP n = 13, 100% and CRC n = 8, 100%) were investigated using bioinformatic and statistical tests (differential expression analysis, hierarchical clustering, principal component analysis and gene set enrichment analysis). We identified a gene signature of 28 genes distinguishing LAMN, lgPMP and CRC neoplasias. Ontology analyses revealed that multiple pathways including EMT, ECM interaction and angiogenesis are differentially regulated. Fifty-three significantly differentially regulated gene sets were identified between lgPMP and CRC followed by CRC vs. LAMN (n = 21) and lgPMP vs. LAMN (n = 16). Unexpectedly, a substantial enrichment of the EMT gene set was observed in lgPMP vs. LAMN (FDR=0.011) and CRC (FDR=0.004). Typical EMT markers were significantly upregulated (Vimentin, TWIST1, N-Cadherin) or downregulated (E-Cadherin) in lgPMP. However, MMP1 and MMP3 levels, associated with EMT, ECM and metastasis, were considerably higher in CRC. We show that the different tumor biological behaviour and metastatic spread pattern of midgut malignancies is reflected in a different gene expression profile. We revealed a strong activation of the EMT program in non-metastasizing lgPMP vs. CRC. Hence, although EMT is considered a key step in hematogenous spread, successful EMT does not necessarily lead to hematogenous dissemination. This emphasizes the need for further pathway analyses and forms the basis for mechanistic and therapy-targeting research.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei/genetics ; Transcriptome ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/genetics ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/pathology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-14
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391889-0
ISSN	1618-0631 ; 0344-0338
ISSN (online)	1618-0631
ISSN	0344-0338
DOI	10.1016/j.prp.2024.155129
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Book ; Online: Flux coupling approach on an exchange grid for the IOW Earth System Model (version 1.04.00) of the Baltic Sea region

Karsten, Sven / Radtke, Hagen / Gröger, Matthias / Ho-Hagemann, Ha T. M. / Mashayekh, Hossein / Neumann, Thomas / Meier, H. E. Markus

eISSN: 1991-9603

2024

Abstract: ... marine environmental problems (e.g., eutrophication and oxygen depletion), the ocean model is internally coupled ...

Abstract	In this article the development of a high-resolution Earth System Model (ESM) for the Baltic Sea region is described. In contrast to conventional coupling approaches, the presented model features an additional (technical) component, the flux calculator , which calculates fluxes between the model components on a common exchange grid . This approach naturally ensures conservation of exchanged quantities, a locally consistent treatment of the fluxes, and facilitates interchanging model components in a straightforward manner. The main purpose of this model is to downscale global reanalysis or climate model data to the Baltic Sea region as typically, global model grids are too coarse to resolve the region of interest sufficiently. The regional ESM consists of the Modular Ocean Model 5 (MOM5) for the ocean and the COSMO model in CLimate Mode (CCLM, version 5.0_clm3) for the atmosphere. The bi-directional ocean–atmosphere coupling allows for a realistic air–sea feedback that outperforms the traditional approach of using uncoupled standalone models, as typically pursued with the EURO-CORDEX protocol. In order to address marine environmental problems (e.g., eutrophication and oxygen depletion), the ocean model is internally coupled with the marine biogeochemistry model, ERGOM, set up for the Baltic Sea's hydrographic conditions. The regional ESM can be used for various scientific questions such as climate sensitivity experiments, reconstruction of ocean dynamics, study of past climates, and natural variability, as well as investigation of ocean–atmosphere interactions. Therefore, it can serve for a better understanding of natural processes via attribution experiments that relate observed changes to mechanistic causes.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-26
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article: Sensitivity of the Baltic Sea Overturning Circulation to Long‐Term Atmospheric and Hydrological Changes

Placke, Manja / Meier, H. E. Markus / Neumann, Thomas

Journal of geophysical research. 2021 Mar., v. 126, no. 3

2021

Abstract: The sensitivity of the overturning circulation in the Baltic Sea is analyzed with respect to long‐term changes in atmospheric and hydrological conditions by using two state‐of‐the‐art ocean circulation models: RCO (Rossby Centre Ocean model) with a ... ...

Abstract	The sensitivity of the overturning circulation in the Baltic Sea is analyzed with respect to long‐term changes in atmospheric and hydrological conditions by using two state‐of‐the‐art ocean circulation models: RCO (Rossby Centre Ocean model) with a reference simulation and various sensitivity experiments as well as MOM (Modular Ocean Model). Historical reconstructions since 1850 lasting for >150 years are considered in order to identify coherences between the overturning stream function and surface wind, river runoff, major Baltic inflows, salinity, and water temperature. Long‐term time series are evaluated statistically for several subbasins of the Baltic Sea for the two different models and for the sensitivity experiments concerning the interannual, multidecadal, and centennial variability. We found that the simulated overturning circulation has a response time scale with respect to wind or runoff of around 30 years. The overturning circulation will decrease basin‐wide under anomalous wind conditions which hamper the deep water flow within the Baltic Sea, under a warmer climate or when river runoff increases. However, a global sea level rise would reinforce the overturning circulation. Overall, multidecadal variations of the overturning circulation are anticorrelated to and caused by the wind parallel to the cross‐section of the overturning circulation. They are not caused by river runoff and the coherence with major Baltic inflows is small. Hence, the overturning circulation does not act as a good proxy for major Baltic inflows.
Keywords	climate ; geophysics ; models ; research ; rivers ; runoff ; salinity ; sea level ; time series analysis ; water flow ; water temperature ; wind ; Baltic Sea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-03
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	161667-5
ISSN	2169-9291 ; 2169-9275 ; 0148-0227 ; 0196-2256
ISSN (online)	2169-9291
ISSN	2169-9275 ; 0148-0227 ; 0196-2256
DOI	10.1029/2020JC016079
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