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Article ; Online: An ex vivo animal model to study the effect of transverse mechanical loading on skeletal muscle.

Sargent, Marisa / Wark, Alastair W / Day, Sarah / Buis, Arjan

Communications biology

2024 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 302

Abstract: In many populations like wheelchair and prosthetic users, the soft tissue is subject to excessive or repetitive loading, making it prone to Deep Tissue Injury (DTI). To study the skeletal muscle response to physical stress, numerous in vitro and in vivo ... ...

Abstract	In many populations like wheelchair and prosthetic users, the soft tissue is subject to excessive or repetitive loading, making it prone to Deep Tissue Injury (DTI). To study the skeletal muscle response to physical stress, numerous in vitro and in vivo models exist. Yet, accuracy, variability, and ethical considerations pose significant trade-offs. Here, we present an ex vivo approach to address these limitations and offer additional quantitative information on cellular damage. In this study, skeletal muscle tissue from Sprague Dawley rats was isolated and transversely loaded. Histological analysis and fluorescence staining demonstrated that the setup was suitable to keep the tissue alive throughout the experimental procedure. Mechanically induced cell damage was readily distinguishable through morphological changes and uptake of a membrane impermeable dye. Our comparably simple experimental setup can be adapted to different loading conditions and tissues to assess the cell response to mechanical loading in future studies.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Mechanical ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Models, Animal
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-024-05994-0
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Article ; Online: A universal polymer shell-isolated nanoparticle (SHIN) design for single particle spectro-electrochemical SERS sensing using different core shapes.

Boccorh, Delali K / Macdonald, Peter A / Boyle, Colm W / Wain, Andrew J / Berlouis, Leonard E A / Wark, Alastair W

Nanoscale advances

2021 Volume 3, Issue 22, Page(s) 6415–6426

Abstract: Shell-isolated nanoparticles (SHINs) have attracted increasing interest for non-interfering plasmonic enhanced sensing in fields such as materials science, biosensing, and in various electrochemical systems. The metallic core of these nanoparticles is ... ...

Abstract	Shell-isolated nanoparticles (SHINs) have attracted increasing interest for non-interfering plasmonic enhanced sensing in fields such as materials science, biosensing, and in various electrochemical systems. The metallic core of these nanoparticles is isolated from the surrounding environment preventing direct contact or chemical interaction with the metal surface, while still being close enough to enable localized surface plasmon enhancement of the Raman scattering signal from the analyte. This concept forms the basis of the shell isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) technique. To date, the vast majority of SHIN designs have focused on SiO
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2516-0230
ISSN (online)	2516-0230
DOI	10.1039/d1na00473e
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Article: Phenotypic analysis of extracellular vesicles: a review on the applications of fluorescence.

Panagopoulou, Maria S / Wark, Alastair W / Birch, David J S / Gregory, Christopher D

Journal of extracellular vesicles

2020 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 1710020

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have numerous potential applications in the field of healthcare and diagnostics, and research into their biological functions is rapidly increasing. Mainly because of their small size and heterogeneity, there are significant ... ...

Abstract	Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have numerous potential applications in the field of healthcare and diagnostics, and research into their biological functions is rapidly increasing. Mainly because of their small size and heterogeneity, there are significant challenges associated with their analysis and despite overt evidence of the potential of EVs in clinical diagnostic practice, guidelines for analytical procedures have not yet been properly established. Here, we present an overview of the main methods for studying the properties of EVs based on the principles of fluorescence. Setting aside the isolation, purification and physicochemical characterization strategies which answer questions about the size, surface charge and stability of EVs (reviewed elsewhere), we focus on available optical tools that enable the direct analysis of phenotype and mechanisms of interaction with tissues. In brief, the topics on which we elaborate range from the most popular approaches such as nanoparticle tracking analysis and flow cytometry, to less commonly used techniques such as fluorescence depolarization and microarrays as well as emerging areas such as fast fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). We highlight that understanding the strengths and limitations of each method is essential for choosing the most appropriate combination of analytical tools. Finally, future directions of this rapidly developing area of medical diagnostics are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2683797-3
ISSN	2001-3078
ISSN	2001-3078
DOI	10.1080/20013078.2019.1710020
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Article: Stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with spectral phasor analysis: applications in assessing drug-cell interactions.

Tipping, William J / Wilson, Liam T / An, Connie / Leventi, Aristea A / Wark, Alastair W / Wetherill, Corinna / Tomkinson, Nicholas C O / Faulds, Karen / Graham, Duncan

Chemical science

2022 Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) 3468–3476

Abstract: Statins have displayed significant, although heterogeneous, anti-tumour activity in breast cancer disease progression and recurrence. They offer promise as a class of drugs, normally used for cardiovascular disease control, that could have a significant ... ...

Abstract	Statins have displayed significant, although heterogeneous, anti-tumour activity in breast cancer disease progression and recurrence. They offer promise as a class of drugs, normally used for cardiovascular disease control, that could have a significant impact on the treatment of cancer. Understanding their mode of action and accurately assessing their efficacy on live cancer cells is an important and significant challenge. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a powerful, label-free imaging technique that can rapidly characterise the biochemical responses of live cell populations following drug treatment. Here, we demonstrate multi-wavelength SRS imaging together with spectral phasor analysis to characterise a panel of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 cells) treated with two clinically relevant statins, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. Label-free SRS imaging within the high wavenumber region of the Raman spectrum (2800-3050 cm
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2559110-1
ISSN	2041-6539 ; 2041-6520
ISSN (online)	2041-6539
ISSN	2041-6520
DOI	10.1039/d1sc06976d
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Article ; Online: Detection and quantification of warfarin in pharmaceutical dosage form and in spiked human plasma using surface enhanced Raman scattering.

Sultan, Maha A / Abou El-Alamin, Maha M / Wark, Alastair W / Azab, Marwa M

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

2019 Volume 228, Page(s) 117533

Abstract: Analytical approaches for the quantitation of warfarin in plasma are high in demand. In this study, a novel surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique for the quantification of the widely used anticoagulant warfarin sodium in pharmaceutical ... ...

Abstract	Analytical approaches for the quantitation of warfarin in plasma are high in demand. In this study, a novel surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique for the quantification of the widely used anticoagulant warfarin sodium in pharmaceutical dosage form and in spiked human plasma was developed. The colloidal-based SERS measurements were carefully optimized considering the laser wavelength, the type of metal nanoparticles, their surface functionalization and concentration as well as the time required for warfarin to associate with the metal surface. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) coated silver nanoparticles (PDDA-AgNPs) were established as a substrate which greatly enhanced the weak warfarin Raman signal with high reproducibility. The limit of detection was calculated in both water and human plasma to be 0.56 nM (0.17 ngmL
MeSH term(s)	Calibration ; Colloids/chemistry ; Dosage Forms ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Solutions ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; Time Factors ; Warfarin/blood ; Warfarin/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Colloids ; Dosage Forms ; Solutions ; Warfarin (5Q7ZVV76EI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210413-1
ISSN	1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
ISSN (online)	1873-3557
ISSN	0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
DOI	10.1016/j.saa.2019.117533
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Article ; Online: Femtomolar Detection of Tau Proteins in Undiluted Plasma Using Surface Plasmon Resonance.

Kim, Suhee / Wark, Alastair W / Lee, Hye Jin

Analytical chemistry

2016 Volume 88, Issue 15, Page(s) 7793–7799

Abstract: The ability to directly detect Tau protein and other neurodegenerative biomarkers in human plasma at clinically relevant concentrations continues to be a significant hurdle for the establishment of diagnostic tests for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this ... ...

Abstract	The ability to directly detect Tau protein and other neurodegenerative biomarkers in human plasma at clinically relevant concentrations continues to be a significant hurdle for the establishment of diagnostic tests for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this article, we introduce a new DNA aptamer/antibody sandwich assay pairing and apply it for the detection of human Tau 381 in undiluted plasma at concentrations as low as 10 fM. This was achieved on a multichannel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) platform with the challenge of working in plasma overcome through the development of a tailored mixed monolayer surface chemistry. In addition, a robust methodology was developed involving various same chip control measurements on reference channels to which the detection signal was normalized. Comparative measurements in plasma between SPR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements were also performed to highlight both the 1000-fold performance enhancement of SPR and the ability to measure both spiked and native concentrations that are not achievable with ELISA.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-07-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1508-8
ISSN	1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
ISSN (online)	1520-6882
ISSN	0003-2700
DOI	10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01825
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Article ; Online: Stability-indicating micellar enhanced spectro-fluorometric determination of Daclatasvir in its tablet and spiked human plasma.

Sultan, Maha A / Abou El-Alamin, Maha M / Wark, Alastair W / Azab, Marwa M

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

2018 Volume 211, Page(s) 52–58

Abstract: A fast, simple and sensitive micellar enhanced spectrofluorimetric method is performed for the determination of Daclatasvir dihydrochloride (DAC) in its pharmaceutical dosage form and in spiked human plasma. The fluorescence intensity (FI) was measured ... ...

Abstract	A fast, simple and sensitive micellar enhanced spectrofluorimetric method is performed for the determination of Daclatasvir dihydrochloride (DAC) in its pharmaceutical dosage form and in spiked human plasma. The fluorescence intensity (FI) was measured at 367 nm after excitation at 300 nm. In aqueous solution, the FI of DAC was greatly enhanced by >110% in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The detection method was linear over the range of 12.93 to 161.60 ng/mL, with a limit of detection of 1.75 ng/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of DAC in its pharmaceutical dosage form and the mean % recovery of DAC in spiked human plasma was 95.42 ± 2.52. The developed methodology was also extended to stress studies of DAC after exposure to different forced degradation conditions including acidic, alkaline, photolytic, thermal and oxidative environments.
MeSH term(s)	Calibration ; Drug Stability ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Imidazoles/analysis ; Imidazoles/blood ; Limit of Detection ; Micelles ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/chemistry ; Solvents/chemistry ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods ; Surface-Active Agents/chemistry ; Tablets/analysis ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	BMS-790052 ; Imidazoles ; Micelles ; Solvents ; Surface-Active Agents ; Tablets ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (368GB5141J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210413-1
ISSN	1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
ISSN (online)	1873-3557
ISSN	0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
DOI	10.1016/j.saa.2018.11.023
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Article ; Online: Light-Triggered Inactivation of Enzymes with Photothermal Nanoheaters.

Thompson, Sebastian A / Paterson, Sureyya / Azab, Marwa M M / Wark, Alastair W / de la Rica, Roberto

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2017 Volume 13, Issue 15

Abstract: A universal method for inactivating enzymes on demand is introduced, which involves irradiating nanorod-bound enzymes with near-infrared light. The subsequent generation of plasmonic heat denatures the enzymes selectively without damaging other proteins ... ...

Abstract	A universal method for inactivating enzymes on demand is introduced, which involves irradiating nanorod-bound enzymes with near-infrared light. The subsequent generation of plasmonic heat denatures the enzymes selectively without damaging other proteins or cell membranes present in the same solution.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; CHO Cells ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Enzyme Activation/radiation effects ; Glucose Oxidase/metabolism ; Horseradish Peroxidase/metabolism ; Light ; Nanotubes/chemistry ; Temperature
Chemical Substances	Glucose Oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) ; Horseradish Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1613-6829
ISSN (online)	1613-6829
DOI	10.1002/smll.201603195
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Article ; Online: Covalent co-assembly between resilin-like polypeptide and peptide amphiphile into hydrogels with controlled nanostructure and improved mechanical properties.

Okesola, Babatunde O / Lau, Hang K / Derkus, Burak / Boccorh, Delali K / Wu, Yuanhao / Wark, Alastair W / Kiick, Kristi L / Mata, Alvaro

Biomaterials science

2019 Volume 8, Issue 3, Page(s) 846–857

Abstract: Covalent co-assembly holds great promise for the fabrication of hydrogels with controllable nanostructure, versatile chemical composition, and enhanced mechanical properties given its relative simplicity, high efficiency, and bond stability. This report ... ...

Abstract	Covalent co-assembly holds great promise for the fabrication of hydrogels with controllable nanostructure, versatile chemical composition, and enhanced mechanical properties given its relative simplicity, high efficiency, and bond stability. This report describes our approach to designing functional multicomponent hydrogels based on photo-induced chemical interactions between an acrylamide-functionalized resilin-like polypeptide (RLP) and a peptide amphiphile (PA). Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and amplitude sweep rheology were used to demonstrate that the co-assembled hydrogel systems acquired distinct structural conformations, tunable nanostructures, and enhanced elasticity in a PA concentration-dependent manner. We envisage the use of these materials in numerous biomedical applications such as controlled drug release systems, microfluidic devices, and scaffolds for tissue engineering.
MeSH term(s)	Biomechanical Phenomena ; Circular Dichroism ; Elasticity ; Hydrogels/chemistry ; Insect Proteins/chemistry ; Nanostructures/chemistry ; Peptides/chemistry ; Rheology
Chemical Substances	Hydrogels ; Insect Proteins ; Peptides ; resilin (61790-52-1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2693928-9
ISSN	2047-4849 ; 2047-4830
ISSN (online)	2047-4849
ISSN	2047-4830
DOI	10.1039/c9bm01796h
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Article ; Online: Dual nanoparticle amplified surface plasmon resonance detection of thrombin at subattomolar concentrations.

Baek, Seung Hee / Wark, Alastair W / Lee, Hye Jin

Analytical chemistry

2014 Volume 86, Issue 19, Page(s) 9824–9829

Abstract: A novel dual nanoparticle amplification approach is introduced for the enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection of a target protein at subattomolar concentrations. Thrombin was used as a model target protein as part of a sandwich assay ... ...

Abstract	A novel dual nanoparticle amplification approach is introduced for the enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection of a target protein at subattomolar concentrations. Thrombin was used as a model target protein as part of a sandwich assay involving an antithrombin (anti-Th) modified SPR chip surface and a thrombin specific DNA aptamer (Th-aptamer) whose sequence also includes a polyadenine (A30) tail. Dual nanoparticle (NP) enhancement was achieved with the controlled hybridization adsorption of first polythymine-NP conjugates (T20-NPs) followed by polyadenine-NPs (A30-NPs). Two different nanoparticle shapes (nanorod and quasi-spherical) were explored resulting in four different NP pair combinations being directly compared. It was found that both the order and NP shape were important in optimizing the assay performance. The use of real-time SPR measurements to detect target concentrations as low as 0.1 aM is a 10-fold improvement compared to single NP-enhanced SPR detection methods.
MeSH term(s)	Antithrombin III/chemistry ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/chemistry ; Biological Assay ; Gold/chemistry ; Humans ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Poly A/chemistry ; Protein Array Analysis/instrumentation ; Protein Array Analysis/methods ; Solutions ; Surface Plasmon Resonance ; Thrombin/analysis
Chemical Substances	Aptamers, Nucleotide ; Solutions ; thrombin aptamer (145563-68-4) ; Poly A (24937-83-5) ; Gold (7440-57-5) ; Antithrombin III (9000-94-6) ; Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-10-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1508-8
ISSN	1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
ISSN (online)	1520-6882
ISSN	0003-2700
DOI	10.1021/ac5024183
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