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Article ; Online: Mpox in Children: 3 Cases.

Frantzis, Irene / Ungar, Stephanie P / Soma, Vijaya L / Knutsen, Dorothy / Mazo, Dana / Zucker, Jason

2024 Volume 153, Issue 2

Abstract: Although the 2022 mpox outbreak mostly affected adults, its effect on children and adolescents was also substantial. In this report, we describe the clinical course and treatment of the first 3 known cases of mpox in children in New York City. These ... ...

Abstract	Although the 2022 mpox outbreak mostly affected adults, its effect on children and adolescents was also substantial. In this report, we describe the clinical course and treatment of the first 3 known cases of mpox in children in New York City. These cases are instructive because they illustrate various routes of transmission, clinical presentations, and diagnostic challenges that differ from previous reports of mpox in endemic countries and previous mpox outbreaks. Of note is that each of the 3 patients received treatment with tecovirimat under an US Food and Drug Administration expanded access investigational new drug application and improved without exhibiting adverse reactions.
MeSH term(s)	United States ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Mpox (monkeypox) ; Benzamides ; Disease Outbreaks ; New York City ; United States Food and Drug Administration
Chemical Substances	Benzamides
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207677-9
ISSN	1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
ISSN (online)	1098-4275
ISSN	0031-4005
DOI	10.1542/peds.2022-061047
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Article: Under-utilization of Narrow-Spectrum Antibiotics in the Ambulatory Management of Pediatric UTI: A Single-Center Experience.

Lee, Philip / Kim, Mimi / Herold, Betsy C / Soma, Vijaya L

Frontiers in pediatrics

2021 Volume 9, Page(s) 675759

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711999-3
ISSN	2296-2360
ISSN	2296-2360
DOI	10.3389/fped.2021.675759
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Article ; Online: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Shust, Gail F / Soma, Vijaya L / Kahn, Philip / Ratner, Adam J

Pediatrics in review

2021 Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 399–401

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/complications ; Child ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Syndrome ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	774515-1
ISSN	1526-3347 ; 0191-9601
ISSN (online)	1526-3347
ISSN	0191-9601
DOI	10.1542/pir.2020-004770
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Article ; Online: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Soma, Vijaya L / Shust, Gail F / Ratner, Adam J

Current opinion in pediatrics

2020 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 152–158

Abstract: Purpose of review: Here we summarize current knowledge about multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a presumed postinfectious inflammatory condition that has emerged as an important COVID-19-associated complication, to help clinicians ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Here we summarize current knowledge about multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a presumed postinfectious inflammatory condition that has emerged as an important COVID-19-associated complication, to help clinicians identify and manage cases. Recent findings: Clinical presentation of MIS-C is dominated by significant inflammation. Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, cardiac dysfunction, and hypotension are common features. Kawasaki disease-like findings are common, but epidemiologic data and recent mechanistic studies suggest that distinct inflammatory pathways mediate Kawasaki disease and MIS-C. A broad diagnostic approach is recommended, given overlapping presentations between MIS-C and many other disease processes. Current management of MIS-C is highly variable, depending on illness severity, and can range from supportive care to aggressive immune modulation. A multidisciplinary approach with early involvement of multiple pediatric subspecialists is recommended for complicated cases. Summary: Several studies have described the clinical manifestations of MIS-C, but definitive diagnosis remains challenging. Robust information about long-term outcomes awaits further study, as do immunologic data to refine diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Child ; Fever ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/diagnosis ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/therapy ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1049374-8
ISSN	1531-698X ; 1040-8703
ISSN (online)	1531-698X
ISSN	1040-8703
DOI	10.1097/MOP.0000000000000974
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Article: Differences in Gut Microbiome in Hospitalized Immunocompetent vs. Immunocompromised Children, Including Those With Sickle Cell Disease.

Mohandas, Sindhu / Soma, Vijaya L / Tran, Thi Dong Binh / Sodergren, Erica / Ambooken, Tresa / Goldman, David L / Weinstock, George / Herold, Betsy C

Frontiers in pediatrics

2020 Volume 8, Page(s) 583446

Abstract: Background: ...

Abstract	Background:
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711999-3
ISSN	2296-2360
ISSN	2296-2360
DOI	10.3389/fped.2020.583446
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Article ; Online: Guidance for prevention and management of COVID-19 in children and adolescents: A consensus statement from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society Pediatric COVID-19 Therapies Taskforce.

Willis, Zachary I / Oliveira, Carlos R / Abzug, Mark J / Anosike, Brenda I / Ardura, Monica I / Bio, Laura L / Boguniewicz, Juri / Chiotos, Kathleen / Downes, Kevin / Grapentine, Steven P / Hersh, Adam L / Heston, Sarah M / Hijano, Diego R / Huskins, W Charles / James, Scott H / Jones, Sarah / Lockowitz, Christine R / Lloyd, Elizabeth C / MacBrayne, Christine /

Maron, Gabriela M / Hayes McDonough, Molly / Miller, Christine M / Morton, Theodore H / Olivero, Rosemary M / Orscheln, Rachel C / Schwenk, Hayden T / Singh, Prachi / Soma, Vijaya L / Sue, Paul K / Vora, Surabhi B / Nakamura, Mari M / Wolf, Joshua

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

2024 Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 159–185

Abstract: Background: Since November 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has created challenges for preventing and managing COVID-19 in children and adolescents. Most research to develop new therapeutic interventions or to repurpose existing ones has been undertaken in ...

Abstract	Background: Since November 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has created challenges for preventing and managing COVID-19 in children and adolescents. Most research to develop new therapeutic interventions or to repurpose existing ones has been undertaken in adults, and although most cases of infection in pediatric populations are mild, there have been many cases of critical and fatal infection. Understanding the risk factors for severe illness and the evidence for safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of therapies for COVID-19 in children is necessary to optimize therapy. Methods: A panel of experts in pediatric infectious diseases, pediatric infectious diseases pharmacology, and pediatric intensive care medicine from 21 geographically diverse North American institutions was re-convened. Through a series of teleconferences and web-based surveys and a systematic review with meta-analysis of data for risk factors, a guidance statement comprising a series of recommendations for risk stratification, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19 was developed and refined based on expert consensus. Results: There are identifiable clinical characteristics that enable risk stratification for patients at risk for severe COVID-19. These risk factors can be used to guide the treatment of hospitalized and non-hospitalized children and adolescents with COVID-19 and to guide preventative therapy where options remain available.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Consensus ; Communicable Diseases ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2668791-4
ISSN	2048-7207 ; 2048-7193
ISSN (online)	2048-7207
ISSN	2048-7193
DOI	10.1093/jpids/piad116
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Article ; Online: Very low incidence of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection in pediatric sickle cell disease patients.

Lee, Philip / Sinha, Arpan A / Soma, Vijaya L / Cruz, Carlos / Wang, Tao / Aroniadis, Olga / Herold, Betsy C / Frenette, Paul S / Goldman, David L / Manwani, Deepa

Haematologica

2020 Volume 106, Issue 5, Page(s) 1489–1490

MeSH term(s)	Anemia, Sickle Cell/epidemiology ; Child ; Clostridioides ; Clostridium Infections/diagnosis ; Clostridium Infections/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Vancomycin
Chemical Substances	Vancomycin (6Q205EH1VU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-14
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2333-4
ISSN	1592-8721 ; 0017-6567 ; 0390-6078
ISSN (online)	1592-8721
ISSN	0017-6567 ; 0390-6078
DOI	10.3324/haematol.2019.244582
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Article: Epidemiology of and Risk Factors for Harmful Anti-Infective Medication Errors in a Pediatric Hospital.

Modi, Anjali / Germain, Ellen / Soma, Vijaya / Munjal, Iona / Rinke, Michael L

Joint Commission journal on quality and patient safety

2018 Volume 44, Issue 10, Page(s) 599–604

Abstract: Background: Literature is limited on pediatric anti-infective medication errors. There is a pressing need for additional research, as studies suggest high rates of overall pediatric medication errors and known harmful side effect profiles for anti- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Literature is limited on pediatric anti-infective medication errors. There is a pressing need for additional research, as studies suggest high rates of overall pediatric medication errors and known harmful side effect profiles for anti-infective medications with narrow dosing ranges. This study aimed to identify risk factors related to harmful anti-infective medication errors in pediatric patients. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all voluntary error reports involving anti-infective medication errors and pediatric patients (0 to < 22 years old) reported June 2014-December 2015 was conducted. Error reports were generated using the hospital's general error reporting system and a pharmacy-based patient surveillance reporting system and were stratified based on the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCC MERP) Medication Error Index. Harmful errors were compared to nonharmful errors using Fisher's exact test. Results: Of 338 anti-infective medication-related error reports, 13.6% of voluntarily reported errors reached the patient and 1.5% resulted in harm to the patient and required additional monitoring, interventions, and/or prolonged hospitalization. Antibacterials comprised 93.8% of all error reports, with beta-lactams (63.0%), macrolides (6.5%) and glycopeptides (6.2%) the most common classes. When using Fisher's exact test to compare harmful and nonharmful medication errors, the risk factor significantly associated with harmful errors was anti-infective class (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Voluntarily reported anti-infective medication errors within the pediatric patient population often reached the patient, and specific anti-infective medications are potentially of higher risk. Further investigation and additional quality and patient safety strategies may be needed for these higher-risk profile medications.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Hospitals, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Medication Errors/classification ; Medication Errors/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Risk Management/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Anti-Infective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1189890-2
ISSN	1938-131X ; 1549-425X ; 1553-7250 ; 1070-3241 ; 1549-3741
ISSN (online)	1938-131X ; 1549-425X
ISSN	1553-7250 ; 1070-3241 ; 1549-3741
DOI	10.1016/j.jcjq.2018.03.001
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Article ; Online: Similar proportions of stool specimens from hospitalized children with and without diarrhea test positive for Clostridium difficile.

Leibowitz, Jill / Soma, Vijaya L / Rosen, Lisa / Ginocchio, Christine C / Rubin, Lorry G

The Pediatric infectious disease journal

2015 Volume 34, Issue 3, Page(s) 261–266

Abstract: Background: Many laboratories use polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays to detect the Clostridium difficile toxin B gene (tcdB) in stool. However, PCR testing experience in pediatric patients is limited. We compared the detection of C. difficile ... ...

Abstract	Background: Many laboratories use polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays to detect the Clostridium difficile toxin B gene (tcdB) in stool. However, PCR testing experience in pediatric patients is limited. We compared the detection of C. difficile by PCR in hospitalized children with and without diarrhea. Methods: Stool samples from patients aged 1-18 years with diarrhea (symptomatic) and from patients without diarrhea (asymptomatic) were tested for C. difficile tcdB using a commercial PCR assay. Samples were cultured for C. difficile using standard techniques with tcdB PCR and cytotoxicity assays performed on C. difficile isolates. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were abstracted. Categorical and continuous variables were compared between the 2 groups using Fisher Exact test and the Mann-Whitney test, respectively. Results: Thirty-five of 188 (19%) stool samples from symptomatic patients and 18 of 74 (24%) samples from asymptomatic patients were positive by PCR (P=0.31). Among PCR-positive patients, symptomatic patients had a significantly higher proportion of subjects who received antimicrobials in the preceding 30 days (P=0.04) and a greater number of preceding antimicrobial days than did asymptomatic patients (P=0.02) but were comparable with respect to the other variables analyzed. Conclusions: C. difficile PCR assays are frequently positive in hospitalized children both with and without diarrhea. As we observed a high level of toxigenic C. difficile colonization in children, our findings suggest that a positive C. difficile PCR result in a child with diarrhea should be interpreted with caution.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clostridium difficile/classification ; Clostridium difficile/genetics ; Clostridium difficile/isolation & purification ; Diarrhea/diagnosis ; Diarrhea/drug therapy ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Diarrhea/microbiology ; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/diagnosis ; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/drug therapy ; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/epidemiology ; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/microbiology ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	392481-6
ISSN	1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
ISSN (online)	1532-0987
ISSN	0891-3668
DOI	10.1097/INF.0000000000000556
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Article ; Online: Updated Guidance on Use and Prioritization of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Treatment of COVID-19 in Adolescents.

Wolf, Joshua / Abzug, Mark J / Anosike, Brenda I / Vora, Surabhi B / Waghmare, Alpana / Sue, Paul K / Olivero, Rosemary M / Oliveira, Carlos R / James, Scott H / Morton, Theodore H / Maron, Gabriela M / Young, Jennifer L / Orscheln, Rachel C / Schwenk, Hayden T / Bio, Laura L / Willis, Zachary I / Lloyd, Elizabeth C / Hersh, Adam L / Huskins, Charles W /

Soma, Vijaya L / Ratner, Adam J / Hayes, Molly / Downes, Kevin / Chiotos, Kathleen / Grapentine, Steven P / Wattier, Rachel L / Lamb, Gabriella S / Zachariah, Philip / Nakamura, Mari M

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

2022 Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 177–185

Abstract: Background: Starting in November 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for multiple novel virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapies, including bamlanivimab monotherapy (now revoked), ... ...

Abstract	Background: Starting in November 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for multiple novel virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapies, including bamlanivimab monotherapy (now revoked), bamlanivimab and etesivimab, casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN-COV), and sotrovimab, for treatment or postexposure prophylaxis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adolescents (≥12 years of age) and adults with certain high-risk conditions. Previous guidance is now updated based on new evidence and clinical experience. Methods: A panel of experts in pediatric infectious diseases, pediatric infectious diseases pharmacotherapy, and pediatric critical care medicine from 18 geographically diverse US institutions was convened. Through a series of teleconferences and web-based surveys, a guidance statement was developed and refined based on a review of the best available evidence and expert opinion. Results: The course of COVID-19 in children and adolescents is typically mild, though more severe disease is occasionally observed. Evidence supporting risk stratification is incomplete. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the benefit of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific monoclonal antibody therapies in adults, but data on safety and efficacy in children or adolescents are limited. Potential harms associated with infusion reactions or anaphylaxis are reportedly low in adults. Conclusions: Based on evidence available as of August 31, 2021, the panel suggests a risk-based approach to administration of SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody therapy. Therapy is suggested for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in adolescents (≥12 years of age) at the highest risk of progression to hospitalization or severe disease. Therapeutic decision-making about those at moderate risk of severe disease should be individualized. Use as postexposure prophylaxis could be considered for those at the highest risk who have a high-risk exposure but are not yet diagnosed with COVID-19. Clinicians and health systems should ensure safe and timely implementation of these therapeutics that does not exacerbate existing healthcare disparities.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Child ; Drug Combinations ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Drug Combinations ; casirivimab and imdevimab drug combination ; sotrovimab (1MTK0BPN8V) ; imdevimab (2Z3DQD2JHM) ; bamlanivimab (45I6OFJ8QH) ; casirivimab (J0FI6WE1QN)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2668791-4
ISSN	2048-7207 ; 2048-7193
ISSN (online)	2048-7207
ISSN	2048-7193
DOI	10.1093/jpids/piab124
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