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  1. Article ; Online: Vegan leather: a sustainable reality or a marketing gimmick?

    Tewari, Srishti / Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Bhatt, Latika / Kale, Ravindra D

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2023  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 3361–3375

    Abstract: The textile industry is the only one which has utilised all kinds of resources available in nature, and the evolution of textile materials has drastically hampered nature as well. Leather and fur are a few of the classic examples of materials derived ... ...

    Abstract The textile industry is the only one which has utilised all kinds of resources available in nature, and the evolution of textile materials has drastically hampered nature as well. Leather and fur are a few of the classic examples of materials derived from animals that have attracted dialogues about animal rights and ethical sourcing. To substitute animal-based leather, numerous materials have been manufactured synthetically and semi-synthetically. This review article discusses various types of leather, viz., bovine leather, poromerics, leatherette, plant-based vegan leather, and the sustainable alternatives available in the market as well as at the inductive research phase. The article is a comprehensive review of the leather and its commercially available alternatives along with their marketing strategy, and technical details. The article also compiles insight into the processing, and the components of vegan leather and the environmental issues related to them. The sustainability and circularity of processing in manufacturing vegan leather have also been discussed, with biodegradability as the focal point.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Humans ; Industrial Waste/analysis ; Vegans ; Commerce ; Marketing ; Textile Industry
    Chemical Substances Industrial Waste
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-023-31491-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Exploiting the NADPH pool for xylitol production using recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Lali, Arvind M

    Biotechnology progress

    2020  Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) e2972

    Abstract: ... when NADPH-dependent enzymes (Candida tropicalis XR and S. cerevisiae Gre3p aldose reductase) were expressed ...

    Abstract Xylitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol that has a variety of uses in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In xylose assimilating yeasts, NAD(P)H-dependent xylose reductase (XR) catalyzes the reduction of xylose to xylitol. In the present study, XR with varying cofactor specificities was overexpressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to screen for efficient xylitol production. Xylose consumption and xylitol yields were higher when NADPH-dependent enzymes (Candida tropicalis XR and S. cerevisiae Gre3p aldose reductase) were expressed, indicating that heterologous enzymes can utilize the intracellular NADPH pool more efficiently than the NADH pool, where they may face competition from native enzymes. This was confirmed by overexpression of a NADH-preferring C. tropicalis XR mutant, which led to decreased xylose consumption and lower xylitol yield. To increase intracellular NADPH availability for xylitol production, the promoter of the ZWF1 gene, coding for the first enzyme of the NADPH-generating pentose phosphate pathway, was replaced with the constitutive GPD promoter in a strain expressing C. tropicalis XR. This change led to a ~12% increase in xylitol yield. Deletion of XYL2 and SOR1, whose gene products can use xylitol as substrate, did not further increase xylitol yield. Using wheat stalk hydrolysate as source of xylose, the constructed strain efficiently produced xylitol, demonstrating practical relevance of this approach.
    MeSH term(s) Aldehyde Reductase/genetics ; Candida tropicalis/enzymology ; Ethanol/chemistry ; Fermentation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal/genetics ; Metabolic Engineering ; NAD/chemistry ; NADP/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Xylitol/biosynthesis ; Xylitol/genetics ; Xylose/biosynthesis ; Xylose/genetics
    Chemical Substances NAD (0U46U6E8UK) ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; NADP (53-59-8) ; Xylose (A1TA934AKO) ; Aldehyde Reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) ; Xylitol (VCQ006KQ1E)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 165657-0
    ISSN 1520-6033 ; 8756-7938
    ISSN (online) 1520-6033
    ISSN 8756-7938
    DOI 10.1002/btpr.2972
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Activation of alternative metabolic pathways diverts carbon flux away from isobutanol formation in an engineered Escherichia coli strain.

    Deb, Shalini S / Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Lali, Arvind M

    Biotechnology letters

    2019  Volume 41, Issue 6-7, Page(s) 823–836

    Abstract: Objective: Metabolic engineering efforts are guided by identifying gene targets for overexpression and/or deletion. Isobutanol, a biofuel candidate, is biosynthesized using the valine biosynthesis pathway and enzymes of the Ehrlich pathway. Most ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Metabolic engineering efforts are guided by identifying gene targets for overexpression and/or deletion. Isobutanol, a biofuel candidate, is biosynthesized using the valine biosynthesis pathway and enzymes of the Ehrlich pathway. Most reported studies for isobutanol production in Escherichia coli employ multicopy plasmids, an approach that suffers from disadvantages such as plasmid instability, increased metabolic burden, and use of antibiotics to maintain selection pressure. Cofactor imbalance is another issue that may limit production of isobutanol, as two enzymes of the pathway utilize NADPH as a cofactor.
    Results: To address these issues, we constructed E. coli strains with chromosomally-integrated, codon-optimized isobutanol pathway genes (ilvGM, ilvC, kivd, adh) selected on the basis of their cofactor preferences. Genes involved in diverting pyruvate flux toward fermentation byproducts were deleted. Metabolite analyses of the constructed strains revealed extracellular accumulation of significant amounts of isobutyraldehyde, a pathway intermediate, and the overflow metabolites 2,3-butanediol and acetol.
    Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the genetic modifications carried out led to activation of alternative pathways that diverted carbon flux toward formation of unwanted metabolites. The present study highlights how precursor metabolites can be metabolized through enzymatic routes that have not been considered important in previous studies due to the different strategies employed therein. The insights gained from the present study will allow rational genetic modification of host cells for production of metabolites of interest.
    MeSH term(s) Butanols/metabolism ; Carbon Cycle ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering/methods ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/genetics
    Chemical Substances Butanols ; isobutyl alcohol (56F9Z98TEM)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 423853-9
    ISSN 1573-6776 ; 0141-5492
    ISSN (online) 1573-6776
    ISSN 0141-5492
    DOI 10.1007/s10529-019-02683-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 nsp7 and nsp8 proteins and their predicted impact on replication/transcription complex structure.

    Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Likhite, Vishakha / Degani, Mariam S / Deb, Shalini S / Noronha, Santosh B

    Journal of medical virology

    2021  Volume 93, Issue 7, Page(s) 4616–4619

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) has been identified to be a mutation hot spot, with the P323L mutation being commonly observed in viral genomes isolated from North America. RdRp forms a ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) has been identified to be a mutation hot spot, with the P323L mutation being commonly observed in viral genomes isolated from North America. RdRp forms a complex with nonstructural proteins nsp7 and nsp8 to form the minimal replication/transcription machinery required for genome replication. As mutations in RdRp may affect formation of the RdRp-nsp7-nsp8 supercomplex, we analyzed viral genomes to identify mutations in nsp7 and nsp8 protein sequences. Based on in silico analysis of predicted structures of the supercomplex comprising of native and mutated proteins, we demonstrate that specific mutations in nsp7 and nsp8 proteins may have a role in stabilization of the replication/transcription complex.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Sequence ; Computer Simulation ; Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/chemistry ; Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/genetics ; Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase/metabolism ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Protein Stability ; SARS-CoV-2/chemistry ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/chemistry ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/metabolism ; Viral Replication Compartments/chemistry ; Viral Replication Compartments/metabolism
    Chemical Substances NS8 protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (EC 2.7.7.48) ; NSP12 protein, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 2.7.7.48) ; NSP7 protein, SARS-CoV-2 (EC 2.7.7.48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.26791
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Rewiring of metabolic pathways in yeasts for sustainable production of biofuels.

    Maurya, Rupesh / Gohil, Nisarg / Nixon, Snovia / Kumar, Nilesh / Noronha, Santosh B / Dhali, Debarun / Trabelsi, Heykel / Alzahrani, Khalid J / Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar / Ramakrishna, Suresh / Singh, Vijai

    Bioresource technology

    2023  Volume 372, Page(s) 128668

    Abstract: The ever-increasing global energy demand has led world towards negative repercussions such as depletion of fossil fuels, pollution, global warming and climate change. Designing microbial cell factories for the sustainable production of biofuels is ... ...

    Abstract The ever-increasing global energy demand has led world towards negative repercussions such as depletion of fossil fuels, pollution, global warming and climate change. Designing microbial cell factories for the sustainable production of biofuels is therefore an active area of research. Different yeast cells have been successfully engineered using synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches for the production of various biofuels. In the present article, recent advancements in genetic engineering strategies for production of bioalcohols, isoprenoid-based biofuels and biodiesels in different yeast chassis designs are reviewed, along with challenges that must be overcome for efficient and high titre production of biofuels.
    MeSH term(s) Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Biofuels ; Metabolic Engineering ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Terpenes/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Biofuels ; Terpenes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1065195-0
    ISSN 1873-2976 ; 0960-8524
    ISSN (online) 1873-2976
    ISSN 0960-8524
    DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128668
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A shortened, two-enzyme pathway for 2,3-butanediol production in Escherichia coli.

    Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Deb, Shalini S / Lali, Arvind M

    Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology

    2017  Volume 44, Issue 9, Page(s) 1273–1277

    Abstract: The platform chemical 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) is produced by a number of microorganisms via a three-enzyme pathway starting from pyruvate. Here, we report production of 2,3-BDO via a shortened, two-enzyme pathway in Escherichia coli. A synthetic operon ... ...

    Abstract The platform chemical 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) is produced by a number of microorganisms via a three-enzyme pathway starting from pyruvate. Here, we report production of 2,3-BDO via a shortened, two-enzyme pathway in Escherichia coli. A synthetic operon consisting of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) and acetoin reductase (AR) genes from Enterobacter under control of the T7 promoter was cloned in an episomal plasmid. E. coli transformed with this plasmid produced 2,3-BDO and the pathway intermediate acetoin, demonstrating that the shortened pathway was functional. To assemble a synthetic operon for inducer- and plasmid-free production of 2,3-BDO, ALS and AR genes were integrated in the E. coli genome under control of the constitutive ackA promoter. Shake flask-level cultivation led to accumulation of ~1 g/L acetoin and ~0.66 g/L 2,3-BDO in the medium. The novel biosynthetic route for 2,3-BDO biosynthesis described herein provides a simple and cost-effective approach for production of this important chemical.
    MeSH term(s) Acetoin/metabolism ; Acetolactate Synthase/genetics ; Acetolactate Synthase/metabolism ; Alcohol Oxidoreductases/genetics ; Alcohol Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Bioreactors ; Butylene Glycols/metabolism ; Enterobacter/enzymology ; Enterobacter/genetics ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli/metabolism ; Genetic Engineering ; Operon/genetics ; Plasmids/genetics
    Chemical Substances Butylene Glycols ; 2,3-butylene glycol (45427ZB5IJ) ; Acetoin (BG4D34CO2H) ; Alcohol Oxidoreductases (EC 1.1.-) ; butanediol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.4) ; Acetolactate Synthase (EC 2.2.1.6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05-25
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1482484-x
    ISSN 1476-5535 ; 1367-5435
    ISSN (online) 1476-5535
    ISSN 1367-5435
    DOI 10.1007/s10295-017-1957-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Rebooting life: engineering non-natural nucleic acids, proteins and metabolites in microorganisms.

    Hans, Shriya / Kumar, Nilesh / Gohil, Nisarg / Khambhati, Khushal / Bhattacharjee, Gargi / Deb, Shalini S / Maurya, Rupesh / Kumar, Vinod / Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Singh, Vijai

    Microbial cell factories

    2022  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 100

    Abstract: The surging demand of value-added products has steered the transition of laboratory microbes to microbial cell factories (MCFs) for facilitating production of large quantities of important native and non-native biomolecules. This shift has been possible ... ...

    Abstract The surging demand of value-added products has steered the transition of laboratory microbes to microbial cell factories (MCFs) for facilitating production of large quantities of important native and non-native biomolecules. This shift has been possible through rewiring and optimizing different biosynthetic pathways in microbes by exercising frameworks of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology principles. Advances in genome and metabolic engineering have provided a fillip to create novel biomolecules and produce non-natural molecules with multitude of applications. To this end, numerous MCFs have been developed and employed for production of non-natural nucleic acids, proteins and different metabolites to meet various therapeutic, biotechnological and industrial applications. The present review describes recent advances in production of non-natural amino acids, nucleic acids, biofuel candidates and platform chemicals.
    MeSH term(s) Biosynthetic Pathways/genetics ; Biotechnology ; Metabolic Engineering ; Nucleic Acids ; Synthetic Biology
    Chemical Substances Nucleic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2091377-1
    ISSN 1475-2859 ; 1475-2859
    ISSN (online) 1475-2859
    ISSN 1475-2859
    DOI 10.1186/s12934-022-01828-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Rewiring of metabolic pathways in yeasts for sustainable production of biofuels

    Maurya, Rupesh / Gohil, Nisarg / Nixon, Snovia / Kumar, Nilesh / Noronha, Santosh B. / Dhali, Debarun / Trabelsi, Heykel / Alzahrani, Khalid J. / Reshamwala, Shamlan M.S. / Awasthi, Mukesh Kumar / Ramakrishna, Suresh / Singh, Vijai

    Bioresource Technology. 2023 Mar., v. 372 p.128668-

    2023  

    Abstract: The ever-increasing global energy demand has led world towards negative repercussions such as depletion of fossil fuels, pollution, global warming and climate change. Designing microbial cell factories for the sustainable production of biofuels is ... ...

    Abstract The ever-increasing global energy demand has led world towards negative repercussions such as depletion of fossil fuels, pollution, global warming and climate change. Designing microbial cell factories for the sustainable production of biofuels is therefore an active area of research. Different yeast cells have been successfully engineered using synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches for the production of various biofuels. In the present article, recent advancements in genetic engineering strategies for production of bioalcohols, isoprenoid-based biofuels and biodiesels in different yeast chassis designs are reviewed, along with challenges that must be overcome for efficient and high titre production of biofuels.
    Keywords biodiesel ; climate change ; energy ; pollution ; synthetic biology ; technology ; yeasts ; Biofuels ; Microbial cell factories ; Metabolic engineering ; Yeast ; Fatty acids
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1065195-0
    ISSN 1873-2976 ; 0960-8524
    ISSN (online) 1873-2976
    ISSN 0960-8524
    DOI 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128668
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: A series of template plasmids for Escherichia coli genome engineering.

    Deb, Shalini S / Reshamwala, Shamlan M S / Lali, Arvind M

    Journal of microbiological methods

    2016  Volume 125, Page(s) 49–57

    Abstract: Metabolic engineering strategies often employ multi-copy episomal vectors to overexpress genes. However, chromosome-based overexpression is preferred as it avoids the use of selective pressure and reduces metabolic burden on the cell. We have constructed ...

    Abstract Metabolic engineering strategies often employ multi-copy episomal vectors to overexpress genes. However, chromosome-based overexpression is preferred as it avoids the use of selective pressure and reduces metabolic burden on the cell. We have constructed a series of template plasmids for λ Red-mediated Escherichia coli genome engineering. The template plasmids allow construction of genome integrating cassettes that can be used to integrate single copies of DNA sequences at predetermined sites or replace promoter regions. The constructed cassettes provide flexibility in terms of expression levels achieved and antibiotics used for selection, as well as allowing construction of marker-free strains. The modular design of the template plasmids allows replacement of genetic parts to construct new templates. Gene integration and promoter replacement using the template plasmids are illustrated.
    MeSH term(s) Chromosomes ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gene Targeting/methods ; Genetic Engineering/methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Genome, Bacterial ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Plasmids/genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Red Fluorescent Protein
    Chemical Substances Luminescent Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604916-3
    ISSN 1872-8359 ; 0167-7012
    ISSN (online) 1872-8359
    ISSN 0167-7012
    DOI 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.04.006
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  10. Article: Activation of alternative metabolic pathways diverts carbon flux away from isobutanol formation in an engineered Escherichia coli strain

    Deb, Shalini S / Lali, Arvind M / Reshamwala, Shamlan M. S

    Biotechnology letters. 2019 July, v. 41, no. 6-7

    2019  

    Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Metabolic engineering efforts are guided by identifying gene targets for overexpression and/or deletion. Isobutanol, a biofuel candidate, is biosynthesized using the valine biosynthesis pathway and enzymes of the Ehrlich pathway. Most reported ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVE: Metabolic engineering efforts are guided by identifying gene targets for overexpression and/or deletion. Isobutanol, a biofuel candidate, is biosynthesized using the valine biosynthesis pathway and enzymes of the Ehrlich pathway. Most reported studies for isobutanol production in Escherichia coli employ multicopy plasmids, an approach that suffers from disadvantages such as plasmid instability, increased metabolic burden, and use of antibiotics to maintain selection pressure. Cofactor imbalance is another issue that may limit production of isobutanol, as two enzymes of the pathway utilize NADPH as a cofactor. RESULTS: To address these issues, we constructed E. coli strains with chromosomally-integrated, codon-optimized isobutanol pathway genes (ilvGM, ilvC, kivd, adh) selected on the basis of their cofactor preferences. Genes involved in diverting pyruvate flux toward fermentation byproducts were deleted. Metabolite analyses of the constructed strains revealed extracellular accumulation of significant amounts of isobutyraldehyde, a pathway intermediate, and the overflow metabolites 2,3-butanediol and acetol. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that the genetic modifications carried out led to activation of alternative pathways that diverted carbon flux toward formation of unwanted metabolites. The present study highlights how precursor metabolites can be metabolized through enzymatic routes that have not been considered important in previous studies due to the different strategies employed therein. The insights gained from the present study will allow rational genetic modification of host cells for production of metabolites of interest.
    Keywords antibiotics ; biochemical pathways ; biofuels ; biosynthesis ; byproducts ; carbon ; enzymes ; Escherichia coli ; fermentation ; gene overexpression ; genes ; genetic engineering ; metabolic engineering ; metabolites ; NADP (coenzyme) ; plasmids ; pyruvic acid ; selection pressure ; valine
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-07
    Size p. 823-836.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 423853-9
    ISSN 1573-6776 ; 0141-5492
    ISSN (online) 1573-6776
    ISSN 0141-5492
    DOI 10.1007/s10529-019-02683-5
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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