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  1. Article ; Online: Parallel Evolution of Asco- and Basidiomycete

    Schäfer, Tim / Haun, Fabian / Gressler, Markus / Spiteller, Peter / Hoffmeister, Dirk

    Journal of natural products

    2024  Volume 87, Issue 3, Page(s) 576–582

    Abstract: Prenyltransferases (PTs) are involved in the biosynthesis of a multitude of pharmaceutically and agriculturally important plant, bacterial, and fungal compounds. Although numerous prenylated compounds have been isolated from Basidiomycota (mushroom- ... ...

    Abstract Prenyltransferases (PTs) are involved in the biosynthesis of a multitude of pharmaceutically and agriculturally important plant, bacterial, and fungal compounds. Although numerous prenylated compounds have been isolated from Basidiomycota (mushroom-forming fungi), knowledge of the PTs catalyzing the transfer reactions in this group of fungi is scarce. Here, we report the biochemical characterization of an
    MeSH term(s) Dimethylallyltranstransferase/genetics ; Dimethylallyltranstransferase/metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Tyrosine ; Basidiomycota/genetics ; Basidiomycota/metabolism ; Prenylation
    Chemical Substances Dimethylallyltranstransferase (EC 2.5.1.1) ; Tyrosine (42HK56048U)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 304325-3
    ISSN 1520-6025 ; 0163-3864
    ISSN (online) 1520-6025
    ISSN 0163-3864
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01120
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  2. Article ; Online: Methyl transfer in psilocybin biosynthesis.

    Hudspeth, Jesse / Rogge, Kai / Dörner, Sebastian / Müll, Maximilian / Hoffmeister, Dirk / Rupp, Bernhard / Werten, Sebastiaan

    Nature communications

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 2709

    Abstract: Psilocybin, the natural hallucinogen produced by Psilocybe ("magic") mushrooms, holds great promise for the treatment of depression and several other mental health conditions. The final step in the psilocybin biosynthetic pathway, dimethylation of the ... ...

    Abstract Psilocybin, the natural hallucinogen produced by Psilocybe ("magic") mushrooms, holds great promise for the treatment of depression and several other mental health conditions. The final step in the psilocybin biosynthetic pathway, dimethylation of the tryptophan-derived intermediate norbaeocystin, is catalysed by PsiM. Here we present atomic resolution (0.9 Å) crystal structures of PsiM trapped at various stages of its reaction cycle, providing detailed insight into the SAM-dependent methylation mechanism. Structural and phylogenetic analyses suggest that PsiM derives from epitranscriptomic N
    MeSH term(s) Psilocybin/chemistry ; Phylogeny ; Hallucinogens ; Agaricales/genetics ; Psilocybe/genetics
    Chemical Substances Psilocybin (2RV7212BP0) ; Hallucinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-46997-z
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  3. Book ; Thesis: Familien psychisch kranker Kinder. Die Bedeutung intrafamiliärer Beziehungen - Eine transgenerationale Familienanalyse

    Hoffmeister, Dirk

    2019  

    Abstract: Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation befasst sich der Autor mit intrafamiliären Beziehungen von Familien psychisch erkrankter Kinder. Der Autor bezieht sich hierbei auf Familien, deren Kinder wegen einer psychischen Erkrankung in einer Kinder- und ... ...

    Title translation Families of Mentally Ill Children. The importance of intrafamilial relationships - A transgenerational family analysis
    Abstract Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation befasst sich der Autor mit intrafamiliären Beziehungen von Familien psychisch erkrankter Kinder. Der Autor bezieht sich hierbei auf Familien, deren Kinder wegen einer psychischen Erkrankung in einer Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie teilstationär behandelt werden. Den Autor interessiert, welche Beziehungskonstellationen in den Familien vorgefunden werden und wie diese aussehen. Er geht der Frage nach, inwieweit in intrafamiliären, transgenerationalen Beziehungen Phänomene und Interaktionen auffindbar sind, die eventuell Einfluss auf die Entwicklung, Gestaltung und Aufrechterhaltung von familiären aber auch partnerschaftlichen Beziehungen haben können. Hier geht es vor allem um das Thema der Weitergabe von Beziehungsmustern (vgl. Olsen, 1979; Stierlin, 1974; Cierpka, 2003 et al.) von einer Generation an die nächste, sowie die Klärung der Frage nach der Qualität und der Bedeutung von Beziehungen in sog. pathologischen Familienkonstellationen. Durch einen multiprofessionellen Blick (psychoanalytisch, psychodynamisch, systemisch, zeitgeschichtlich-soziologisch) versucht der Autor, die Mehrgenerationenperspektive dieser Arbeit zu veranschaulichen und individuelle Erlebnisse vor dem Hintergrund familienhistorischer Beziehungserlebnisse zu beleuchten. Theoretisch wird die Arbeit durch die Konzepte der Bindungsforschung (vgl. Bowlby, 1973; Main, 1997 et al.) und der Entwicklungspsychologie (vgl. Kernberg, 1982; Fonagy, 2003 et al.) begleitet sowie reflektiert. Die qualitative Forschungsarbeit, die im Kontext der sozialwissenschaftlichen Hermeneutik einzuordnen ist, wird methodisch durch die Grounded Theory aufbereitet. Ziel der Verwendung der Grounded Theory in dieser Arbeit (vgl. Glaser, 1978; Strauß, 1987; Stauss/Cobin, 1990) ist, die Entwicklung einer gegenstandsbezogenen Theorie sowie das Aufdecken sozialer und familiärer Phänomene. Durch offene und halbstrukturierte Interviews sowie die Verwendung von Genogrammen beschäftigt sich der Autor mit dem Narrativ familiärer Biographien. Schwerpunkt seiner Arbeit ist die Betrachtung und Deutung pathogener Faktoren in den genannten Familien. Die Forschung liegt damit in dem Spannungsfeld der objektivierbaren Wahrnehmungswelt der medizinisch/psychologischen Quantifizierung und der hermeneutisch subjektivierbaren Sozialwissenschaft. Ziel dieser Forschungsarbeit ist es, im Sinne der transgenerationalen Familienforschung, einen erweiterten Blick auf das ganzheitliche Verständnis familiärer/pathogener Familienbeziehungen zu erhalten.
    Keywords Attachment Behavior ; Bindungsverhalten ; Child Psychopathology ; Dysfunctional Family ; Eltern ; Externalisierende Symptome ; Externalizing Symptoms ; Familienbeziehungen ; Familienstruktur ; Family Relations ; Family Structure ; Gestörte Familie ; Grandparents ; Großeltern ; Internalisierende Symptome ; Internalizing Symptoms ; Kinderpsychopathologie ; Parents ; Transgenerational Patterns ; Transgenerationale Verhaltensmuster
    Language German
    Size 256 S., 8 S. Anhang
    Publisher Universität, Fachbereich Sozialwissenschaften, Medien und Sport
    Publishing place Mainz
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    DOI 10.25358/openscience-3732
    Database PSYNDEX

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  4. Article ; Online: Genetic regulation of L-tryptophan metabolism in Psilocybe mexicana supports psilocybin biosynthesis.

    Seibold, Paula Sophie / Dörner, Sebastian / Fricke, Janis / Schäfer, Tim / Beemelmanns, Christine / Hoffmeister, Dirk

    Fungal biology and biotechnology

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

    Abstract: Background: Although Basidiomycota produce pharmaceutically and ecologically relevant natural products, knowledge of how they coordinate their primary and secondary metabolism is virtually non-existent. Upon transition from vegetative mycelium to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Although Basidiomycota produce pharmaceutically and ecologically relevant natural products, knowledge of how they coordinate their primary and secondary metabolism is virtually non-existent. Upon transition from vegetative mycelium to carpophore formation, mushrooms of the genus Psilocybe use L-tryptophan to supply the biosynthesis of the psychedelic tryptamine alkaloid psilocybin with the scaffold, leading to a strongly increased demand for this particular amino acid as this alkaloid may account for up to 2% of the dry mass. Using Psilocybe mexicana as our model and relying on genetic, transcriptomic, and biochemical methods, this study investigated if L-tryptophan biosynthesis and degradation in P. mexicana correlate with natural product formation.
    Results: A comparative transcriptomic approach of gene expression in P. mexicana psilocybin non-producing vegetative mycelium versus producing carpophores identified the upregulation of L-tryptophan biosynthesis genes. The shikimate pathway genes trpE1, trpD, and trpB (encoding anthranilate synthase, anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase, and L-tryptophan synthase, respectively) were upregulated in carpophores. In contrast, genes idoA and iasA, encoding indole-2,3-dioxygenase and indole-3-acetaldehyde synthase, i.e., gateway enzymes for L-tryptophan-consuming pathways, were massively downregulated. Subsequently, IasA was heterologously produced in Escherichia coli and biochemically characterized in vitro. This enzyme represents the first characterized microbial L-tryptophan-preferring acetaldehyde synthase. A comparison of transcriptomic data collected in this study with prior data of Psilocybe cubensis showed species-specific differences in how L-tryptophan metabolism genes are regulated, despite the close taxonomic relationship.
    Conclusions: The upregulated L-tryptophan biosynthesis genes and, oppositely, the concomitant downregulated genes encoding L-tryptophan-consuming enzymes reflect a well-adjusted cellular system to route this amino acid toward psilocybin production. Our study has pilot character beyond the genus Psilocybe and provides, for the first time, insight in the coordination of mushroom primary and secondary metabolism.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2806612-1
    ISSN 2054-3085 ; 2054-3085
    ISSN (online) 2054-3085
    ISSN 2054-3085
    DOI 10.1186/s40694-024-00173-6
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  5. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Familien psychisch kranker Kinder

    Hoffmeister, Dirk [Verfasser]

    die Bedeutung intrafamiliärer Beziehungen – eine transgenerationale Familienanalyse

    2019  

    Author's details Dirk Hoffmeister
    Keywords Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ; Education
    Subject code sg370
    Language German
    Publisher Universitätsbibliothek Mainz
    Publishing place Mainz
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
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  6. Article ; Online: Comprehensive vertical accuracy analysis of freely available DEMs for different landscape types of the Rur catchment, Germany

    Kramm, Tanja / Hoffmeister, Dirk

    Geocarto International. 2022 Dec. 13, v. 37, no. 25 p.7774-7799

    2022  

    Abstract: This study evaluates the vertical accuracy of nine freely available digital elevation models (DEMs) with a medium spatial resolution for a typical mid-latitude flat to hilly landscape in the Rur catchment in Germany. All datasets were evaluated with two ... ...

    Abstract This study evaluates the vertical accuracy of nine freely available digital elevation models (DEMs) with a medium spatial resolution for a typical mid-latitude flat to hilly landscape in the Rur catchment in Germany. All datasets were evaluated with two reference datasets, a 1 m DEM and a highly precise set of elevation control points. The accuracy was evaluated with regard to different slopes, landforms and land use. The results reveal in flat areas an average error of 2–4 m which increases about two to three times in undulated terrain. Areas with dense tree cover show a mean error of 6–10 m. The highest accuracies were achieved by the SRTM DEM, followed by other DEMs that mainly implemented SRTM data. TanDEM-X and Copernicus DEM showed ambivalent results showing a higher ratio of existing errors in the elevation product for vegetation and water areas that prevent a higher overall accuracy of these DEMs.
    Keywords data collection ; land use ; landforms ; landscapes ; latitude ; trees ; vegetation ; watersheds ; Germany ; Accuracy assessment ; digital terrain model ; topography ; slope
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-1213
    Size p. 7774-7799.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 1752-0762
    DOI 10.1080/10106049.2021.1984588
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Untersuchung des sekundären Metaboloms des Basidiomyceten BY1

    Schwenk, Daniel Verfasser] / [Hoffmeister, Dirk [Gutachter] / Bechthold, Andreas [Gutachter] / Stallforth, Pierre [Gutachter]

    2023  

    Author's details Daniel Schwenk ; Gutachter: Dirk Hoffmeister, Andreas Bechthold, Pierre Stallforth
    Keywords Biowissenschaften, Biologie ; Life Science, Biology
    Subject code sg570
    Language German
    Publisher Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
    Publishing place Jena
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

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  8. Article ; Online: Ectomycorrhizal Influence on the Dynamics of Sesquiterpene Release by

    Ezediokpu, Marycolette Ndidi / Krause, Katrin / Kunert, Maritta / Hoffmeister, Dirk / Boland, Wilhelm / Kothe, Erika

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 6

    Abstract: Tricholoma ... ...

    Abstract Tricholoma vaccinum
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof8060555
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  9. Article ; Online: Characterization of the Gateway Decarboxylase for Psilocybin Biosynthesis.

    Schäfer, Tim / Kramer, Kristina / Werten, Sebastiaan / Rupp, Bernhard / Hoffmeister, Dirk

    Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 24, Page(s) e202200551

    Abstract: The l-tryptophan decarboxylase PsiD catalyzes the initial step of the metabolic cascade to psilocybin, the major indoleethylamine natural product of the "magic" mushrooms and a candidate drug against major depressive disorder. Unlike numerous pyridoxal ... ...

    Abstract The l-tryptophan decarboxylase PsiD catalyzes the initial step of the metabolic cascade to psilocybin, the major indoleethylamine natural product of the "magic" mushrooms and a candidate drug against major depressive disorder. Unlike numerous pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent decarboxylases for natural product biosyntheses, PsiD is PLP-independent and resembles type II phosphatidylserine decarboxylases. Here, we report on the in vitro biochemical characterization of Psilocybe cubensis PsiD along with in silico modeling of the PsiD structure. A non-canonical serine protease triad for autocatalytic cleavage of the pro-protein was predicted and experimentally verified by site-directed mutagenesis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Psilocybin ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Carboxy-Lyases/genetics ; Biological Products ; Pyridoxal Phosphate
    Chemical Substances Psilocybin (2RV7212BP0) ; Carboxy-Lyases (EC 4.1.1.-) ; Biological Products ; Pyridoxal Phosphate (5V5IOJ8338)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2020469-3
    ISSN 1439-7633 ; 1439-4227
    ISSN (online) 1439-7633
    ISSN 1439-4227
    DOI 10.1002/cbic.202200551
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  10. Article ; Online: Basidiomycete non-reducing polyketide synthases function independently of SAT domains.

    Löhr, Nikolai A / Rakhmanov, Malik / Wurlitzer, Jacob M / Lackner, Gerald / Gressler, Markus / Hoffmeister, Dirk

    Fungal biology and biotechnology

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 17

    Abstract: Background: Non-reducing polyketide synthases (NR-PKSs) account for a major share of natural product diversity produced by both Asco- and Basidiomycota. The present evolutionary diversification into eleven clades further underscores the relevance of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Non-reducing polyketide synthases (NR-PKSs) account for a major share of natural product diversity produced by both Asco- and Basidiomycota. The present evolutionary diversification into eleven clades further underscores the relevance of these multi-domain enzymes. Following current knowledge, NR-PKSs initiate polyketide assembly by an N-terminal starter unit:acyl transferase (SAT) domain that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl starter from the acetyl-CoA thioester onto the acyl carrier protein (ACP).
    Results: A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of NR-PKSs established a twelfth clade from which three representatives, enzymes CrPKS1-3 of the webcap mushroom Cortinarius rufoolivaceus, were biochemically characterized. These basidiomycete synthases lack a SAT domain yet are fully functional hepta- and octaketide synthases in vivo. Three members of the other clade of basidiomycete NR-PKSs (clade VIII) were produced as SAT-domainless versions and analyzed in vivo and in vitro. They retained full activity, thus corroborating the notion that the SAT domain is dispensable for many basidiomycete NR-PKSs. For comparison, the ascomycete octaketide synthase atrochrysone carboxylic acid synthase (ACAS) was produced as a SAT-domainless enzyme as well, but turned out completely inactive. However, a literature survey revealed that some NR-PKSs of ascomycetes carry mutations within the catalytic motif of the SAT domain. In these cases, the role of the domain and the origin of the formal acetate unit remains open.
    Conclusions: The role of SAT domains differs between asco- and basidiomycete NR-PKSs. For the latter, it is not part of the minimal set of NR-PKS domains and not required for function. This knowledge may help engineer compact NR-PKSs for more resource-efficient routes. From the genomic standpoint, seemingly incomplete or corrupted genes encoding SAT-domainless NR-PKSs should not automatically be dismissed as non-functional pseudogenes, but considered during genome analysis to decipher the potential arsenal of natural products of a given fungus.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2806612-1
    ISSN 2054-3085 ; 2054-3085
    ISSN (online) 2054-3085
    ISSN 2054-3085
    DOI 10.1186/s40694-023-00164-z
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