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  1. Article ; Online: Pathway for the strain-driven two-dimensional to three-dimensional transition during growth of Ge on Si(001)

    Vailionis / Cho / Glass / Desjardins / Cahill / Greene

    Physical review letters

    2000  Volume 85, Issue 17, Page(s) 3672–3675

    Abstract: The two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) morphological transition in strained Ge layers ... which had previously been assumed to be the initial 3D islands. The "prepyramid" Ge islands have rounded ... bases with steps oriented along <110> and exist only over a narrow range of Ge coverages, 3.5-3.9 ...

    Abstract The two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) morphological transition in strained Ge layers grown on Si(001) is investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy. The initial step takes place via the formation of 2D islands which evolve into small ( approximately 180 A) 3D islands with a height to base diameter ratio of approximately 0.04, much smaller than the 0.1 aspect ratio of 105-faceted pyramids which had previously been assumed to be the initial 3D islands. The "prepyramid" Ge islands have rounded bases with steps oriented along <110> and exist only over a narrow range of Ge coverages, 3.5-3.9 monolayers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-10-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.3672
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  2. Article ; Online: Forecasting Outbreaks of Hantaviral Disease: Future Directions in Geospatial Modeling.

    Glass, Gregory E

    Viruses

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 7

    Abstract: Hantaviral diseases have been recognized as 'place diseases' from their earliest identification and, epidemiologically, are tied to single host species with transmission occurring from infectious hosts to humans. As such, human populations are most at ... ...

    Abstract Hantaviral diseases have been recognized as 'place diseases' from their earliest identification and, epidemiologically, are tied to single host species with transmission occurring from infectious hosts to humans. As such, human populations are most at risk when they are in physical proximity to suitable habitats for reservoir populations, when numbers of infectious hosts are greatest. Because of the lags between improving habitat conditions and increasing infectious host abundance and spillover to humans, it should be possible to anticipate (forecast) where and when outbreaks will most likely occur. Most mammalian hosts are associated with specific habitat requirements, so identifying these habitats and the ecological drivers that impact population growth and the dispersal of viral hosts should be markers of the increased risk for disease outbreaks. These regions could be targeted for public health and medical education. This paper outlines the rationale for forecasting zoonotic outbreaks, and the information that needs to be clarified at various levels of biological organization to make the forecasting of orthohantaviruses successful. Major challenges reflect the transdisciplinary nature of forecasting zoonoses, with needs to better understand the implications of the data collected, how collections are designed, and how chosen methods impact the interpretation of results.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Orthohantavirus ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Hantavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Mammals ; RNA Viruses
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v15071461
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  3. Article ; Online: Photobiomodulation: A Systematic Review of the Oncologic Safety of Low-Level Light Therapy for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation.

    Glass, Graeme Ewan

    Aesthetic surgery journal

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) NP357–NP371

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Low-Level Light Therapy/methods ; Rejuvenation ; Proteomics ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Skin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2087022-X
    ISSN 1527-330X ; 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    ISSN (online) 1527-330X
    ISSN 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    DOI 10.1093/asj/sjad018
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    Zs.A 5721: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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    Zs.MO 570: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: Correction to: Photobiomodulation: The Clinical Applications of Low-Level Light Therapy.

    Glass, Graeme Ewan

    Aesthetic surgery journal

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 5, Page(s) 566

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2087022-X
    ISSN 1527-330X ; 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    ISSN (online) 1527-330X
    ISSN 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    DOI 10.1093/asj/sjab396
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  5. Article ; Online: Commentary on: High-Dose Neuromodulators: A Roundtable on Making Sense of the Data in Real-World Clinical Practice.

    Glass, Graeme Ewan

    Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum

    2021  Volume 3, Issue 4, Page(s) ojab042

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2631-4797
    ISSN (online) 2631-4797
    DOI 10.1093/asjof/ojab042
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  6. Article ; Online: Photobiomodulation: The Clinical Applications of Low-Level Light Therapy.

    Glass, Graeme Ewan

    Aesthetic surgery journal

    2021  Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 723–738

    Abstract: Background: Low-level light therapy (LLLT) is a recent addition to the pantheon of light-based therapeutic interventions. The absorption of red/near-infrared light energy, a process termed "photobiomodulation," enhances mitochondrial ATP production, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Low-level light therapy (LLLT) is a recent addition to the pantheon of light-based therapeutic interventions. The absorption of red/near-infrared light energy, a process termed "photobiomodulation," enhances mitochondrial ATP production, cell signaling, and growth factor synthesis, and attenuates oxidative stress. Photobiomodulation is now highly commercialized with devices marketed directly to the consumer. In the gray area between the commercial and therapeutic sectors, harnessing the clinical potential in reproducible and scientifically measurable ways remains challenging.
    Objectives: The aim of this article was to summarize the clinical evidence for photobiomodulation and discuss the regulatory framework for this therapy.
    Methods: A review of the clinical literature pertaining to the use of LLLT for skin rejuvenation (facial rhytids and dyschromias), acne vulgaris, wound healing, body contouring, and androgenic alopecia was performed.
    Results: A reasonable body of clinical trial evidence exists to support the role of low-energy red/near-infrared light as a safe and effective method of skin rejuvenation, treatment of acne vulgaris and alopecia, and, especially, body contouring. Methodologic flaws, small patient cohorts, and industry funding mean there is ample scope to improve the quality of evidence. It remains unclear if light-emitting diode sources induce physiologic effects of compararable nature and magnitude to those of the laser-based systems used in most of the higher-quality studies.
    Conclusions: LLLT is here to stay. However, its ubiquity and commercial success have outpaced empirical approaches on which solid clinical evidence is established. Thus, the challenge is to prove its therapeutic utility in retrospect. Well-designed, adequately powered, independent clinical trials will help us answer some of the unresolved questions and enable the potential of this therapy to be realized.
    MeSH term(s) Alopecia ; Humans ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; Rejuvenation ; Skin ; Wound Healing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2087022-X
    ISSN 1527-330X ; 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    ISSN (online) 1527-330X
    ISSN 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    DOI 10.1093/asj/sjab025
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5721: Show issues Location:
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  7. Book ; Online: Entailment as Robust Self-Learner

    Ge, Jiaxin / Luo, Hongyin / Kim, Yoon / Glass, James

    2023  

    Abstract: Entailment has been recognized as an important metric for evaluating natural language understanding (NLU) models, and recent studies have found that entailment pretraining benefits weakly supervised fine-tuning. In this work, we design a prompting ... ...

    Abstract Entailment has been recognized as an important metric for evaluating natural language understanding (NLU) models, and recent studies have found that entailment pretraining benefits weakly supervised fine-tuning. In this work, we design a prompting strategy that formulates a number of different NLU tasks as contextual entailment. This approach improves the zero-shot adaptation of pretrained entailment models. Secondly, we notice that self-training entailment-based models with unlabeled data can significantly improve the adaptation performance on downstream tasks. To achieve more stable improvement, we propose the Simple Pseudo-Label Editing (SimPLE) algorithm for better pseudo-labeling quality in self-training. We also found that both pretrained entailment-based models and the self-trained models are robust against adversarial evaluation data. Experiments on binary and multi-class classification tasks show that SimPLE leads to more robust self-training results, indicating that the self-trained entailment models are more efficient and trustworthy than large language models on language understanding tasks.

    Comment: Accepted by ACL 2023 main conference
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-05-26
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Cosmeceuticals: The Principles and Practice of Skin Rejuvenation by Nonprescription Topical Therapy.

    Glass, Graeme Ewan

    Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum

    2020  Volume 2, Issue 4, Page(s) ojaa038

    Abstract: Background: Aesthetic practice relies on a harmonious relationship between medicine and commerce. Bridging the gap is a large number of skincare products that make therapeutic claims while avoiding the regulatory framework of pharmaceuticals. In this ... ...

    Abstract Background: Aesthetic practice relies on a harmonious relationship between medicine and commerce. Bridging the gap is a large number of skincare products that make therapeutic claims while avoiding the regulatory framework of pharmaceuticals. In this gray area, clinicians find themselves poorly disposed to counsel patients wisely as the industry is expanding faster than empirical evidence of efficacy and safety can be acquired. To serve our patients and engage with industry, we must understand the theoretical principles and evaluate the clinical evidence in practice.
    Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to classify cosmeceuticals by method of action, explain how they work in principle with reference to skin aging, and evaluate the clinical evidence for them.
    Methods: A literature and cosmetic clinic website search was conducted to establish a list of the most commonly advertised cosmeceuticals, and a peer-reviewed literature search was then conducted to establish the clinical evidence for them.
    Results: A huge number of cosmeceuticals are marketed for skin rejuvenation but almost invariably they fall into 1 of 4 categories. These include the induction of tissue repair mechanisms, inflammatory modulation, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, or a combination of the 3. With the exception of retinol derivatives and hydroxy acids, the clinical evidence is limited, despite promising preclinical evidence for several cosmeceuticals.
    Conclusions: Cosmeceuticals reside within a highly competitive ecosystem and are often brought to market based on preclinical, not clinical evidence. Success and failure will largely be governed by the establishment of clinical evidence in retrospect.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ISSN 2631-4797
    ISSN (online) 2631-4797
    DOI 10.1093/asjof/ojaa038
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  9. Article ; Online: Photobiomodulation: A review of the molecular evidence for low level light therapy.

    Glass, Graeme E

    Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

    2020  Volume 74, Issue 5, Page(s) 1050–1060

    Abstract: Light energy is harnessed for therapeutic use in a number of ways, most recently by way of photobiomodulation (PBM). This phenomenon is a cascade of physiological events induced by the nonthermal exposure of tissue to light at the near infrared end of ... ...

    Abstract Light energy is harnessed for therapeutic use in a number of ways, most recently by way of photobiomodulation (PBM). This phenomenon is a cascade of physiological events induced by the nonthermal exposure of tissue to light at the near infrared end of the visible spectrum. Therapeutic PBM has become a highly commercialized interest, marketed for everything from facial rejuvenation to fat loss, and diode-based devices are popular in both the clinic setting and for use at home. The lack of regulatory standards makes it difficult to draw clear conclusions about efficacy and safety but it is crucial that we understand the theoretical basis for PBM, so that we can engage in an honest dialogue with our patients and design better clinical studies to put claims of efficacy to the test. This article presents a summary of the science of PBM and examines the differences between laser light, on which much of the preclinical evidence is based and light from diodes, which are typically used in a clinical setting.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Proliferation/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Lasers, Semiconductor/therapeutic use ; Low-Level Light Therapy/methods ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/radiation effects ; Oxidative Stress ; Rejuvenation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2217750-4
    ISSN 1878-0539 ; 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
    ISSN (online) 1878-0539
    ISSN 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.12.059
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    Uk I Zs.157: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Commentary on: Fibroblasts Derived From Human Adipose Stem Cells Produce More Effective Extracellular Matrix and Migrate Faster Compared to Primary Dermal Fibroblasts.

    Glass, Graeme Ewan

    Aesthetic surgery journal

    2019  Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 118–119

    MeSH term(s) Adipocytes ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Stem Cells
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2087022-X
    ISSN 1527-330X ; 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    ISSN (online) 1527-330X
    ISSN 1090-820X ; 1084-0761
    DOI 10.1093/asj/sjz115
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