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  1. Article ; Online: Geographic clusters of objectively measured physical activity and the characteristics of their built environment in a Swiss urban area.

    Vallarta-Robledo, Juan R / Joost, Stéphane / Vieira Ruas, Marco André / Gubelmann, Cédric / Vollenweider, Peter / Marques-Vidal, Pedro / Guessous, Idris

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 2, Page(s) e0252255

    Abstract: Introduction: Evidence suggests that the built environment can influence the intensity of physical activity. However, despite the importance of the geographic context, most of the studies do not consider the spatial framework of this association. We ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Evidence suggests that the built environment can influence the intensity of physical activity. However, despite the importance of the geographic context, most of the studies do not consider the spatial framework of this association. We aimed to assess individual spatial dependence of objectively measured moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and describe the characteristics of the built environment among spatial clusters of MVPA.
    Methods: Cross-sectional data from the second follow-up (2014-2017) of CoLaus|PsyCoLaus, a longitudinal population-based study of the Lausanne area (Switzerland), was used to objectively measure MVPA using accelerometers. Local Moran's I was used to assess the spatial dependence of MVPA and detect geographic clusters of low and high MVPA. Additionally, the characteristics of the built environment observed in the clusters based on raw MVPA and MVPA adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic factors were compared.
    Results: Data from 1,889 participants (median age 63, 55% women) were used. The geographic distribution of MVPA and the characteristics of the built environment among clusters were similar for raw and adjusted MVPA. In the adjusted model, we found a low concentration of individuals within spatial clusters of high MVPA (median: 38.5mins; 3% of the studied population) and low MVPA (median: 10.9 mins; 2% of the studied population). Yet, clear differences were found in both models between clusters regarding the built environment; high MVPA clusters were located in areas where specific compositions of the built environment favor physical activity.
    Conclusions: Our results suggest the built environment may influence local spatial patterns of MVPA independently of socioeconomic and demographic factors. Interventions in the built environment should be considered to promote physically active behaviors in urban areas.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Built Environment ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Residence Characteristics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Spatial Analysis ; Switzerland ; Urban Population ; Walking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0252255
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Bilateral asymmetry in arm anthropometric measurements according to laterality and nutritional status in children and adolescents from 6 to 12 years old.

    Salazar-Preciado, Laura Leticia / Vallarta-Robledo, Juan R / Chávez-Palencia, Clío / Lizárraga-Corona, Elizabeth / Larrosa-Haro, Alfredo

    American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council

    2021  Volume 34, Issue 1, Page(s) e23585

    Abstract: ... coefficients, with an adjusted R: Conclusions: Statistical but not clinically significant differences were ...

    Abstract Objective: To compare and correlate anthropometric measurements of the left arm versus the right arm and to establish their relation to laterality, sex, and nutritional status in children and adolescents from 6 to 12 years of age.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study included 605 children and adolescents (285 males; 320 females), with a middle socioeconomic status, that attended an urban elementary school. Anthropometric measurements were taken in both arms, along with height and weight, to assess nutritional status. Self-reported hand preference was recorded.
    Results: A total of 49.3% were females and 93% of the subjects were right-handed (n = 563). The mean comparison of right arm and left arm measurements and areas, according to laterality, showed differences in arm fat measurements, with higher values in the right arm. However, the mean difference in triceps skinfold and upper arm measurements between the right arm and left arm was smaller than the technical error of measurement. Significant differences were observed between arm measurements and areas. Upper arm and total upper arm areas of both arms had the highest regression coefficients, with an adjusted R
    Conclusions: Statistical but not clinically significant differences were found between some measurements and areas of both arms, discretely modified in models adjusted for age and BMI, so the measurements can be made on either arm.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Anthropometry ; Arm/anatomy & histology ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Skinfold Thickness
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1025339-7
    ISSN 1520-6300 ; 1042-0533
    ISSN (online) 1520-6300
    ISSN 1042-0533
    DOI 10.1002/ajhb.23585
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  3. Article ; Online: Negative Association Between Smoking and Positive SARS-CoV-2 Testing: Results From a Swiss Outpatient Sample Population.

    Vallarta-Robledo, Juan R / Sandoval, José Luis / Baggio, Stéphanie / Salamun, Julien / Jacquérioz, Frédérique / Spechbach, Hervé / Guessous, Idris

    Frontiers in public health

    2021  Volume 9, Page(s) 731981

    Abstract: To date, most of the evidence suggests that smoking is negatively associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. However, evidence has several methodological limitations. Using an outpatient sample population, we analyzed the association of testing ... ...

    Abstract To date, most of the evidence suggests that smoking is negatively associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. However, evidence has several methodological limitations. Using an outpatient sample population, we analyzed the association of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and smoking considering comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors. Baseline data were obtained from a cohort during the first wave of the pandemic in Geneva, Switzerland (March-April 2020). RT-PCR tests were carried out on individuals suspected of having SARS-CoV-2 according to the testing strategy at that time. Logistic regressions were performed to test the association of smoking and testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and further adjusted for comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors. The sample included 5,169 participants; 60% were women and the mean age was 41 years. The unadjusted OR for testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 was 0.46 (CI: 0.38-0.54). After adjustment for comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors, smoking was still negatively associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (OR: 0.44; CI: 0.35-0.77). Women (OR: 0.79; CI: 0.69-0.91), higher postal income (OR: 0.97; CI: 0.95-0.99), having respiratory (OR: 0.68; CI: 0.55-0.84) and immunosuppressive disorders (OR: 0.63; CI: 0.44-0.88) also showed independent negative associations with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2. Smoking was negatively associated with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 independently of comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors. Since having respiratory or immunosuppressive conditions and being females and healthcare workers were similarly negatively associated with SARS-CoV-2 positive testing, we hypothesize that risk factor-related protective or testing behaviors could have induced a negative association with SARS-CoV-2.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19 ; Female ; Humans ; Outpatients ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Switzerland/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2021.731981
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  4. Article ; Online: Geographic footprints of life expectancy inequalities in the state of Geneva, Switzerland.

    Ladoy, Anaïs / Vallarta-Robledo, Juan R / De Ridder, David / Sandoval, José Luis / Stringhini, Silvia / Da Costa, Henrique / Guessous, Idris / Joost, Stéphane

    Scientific reports

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 23326

    Abstract: Though Switzerland has one of the highest life expectancies in the world, this global indicator may mask significant disparities at a local level. The present study used a spatial cluster detection approach based on individual death records to ... ...

    Abstract Though Switzerland has one of the highest life expectancies in the world, this global indicator may mask significant disparities at a local level. The present study used a spatial cluster detection approach based on individual death records to investigate the geographical footprint of life expectancy inequalities in the state of Geneva, Switzerland. Individual-level mortality data (n = 22,751) were obtained from Geneva's official death notices (2009-2016). We measured life expectancy inequalities using the years of potential life lost or gained (YPLLG) metric, defined as the difference between an individual's age at death and their life expectancy at birth. We assessed the spatial dependence of YPLLG across the state of Geneva using spatial autocorrelation statistics (Local Moran's I). To ensure the robustness of the patterns discovered, we ran the analyses for ten random subsets of 10,000 individuals taken from the 22,751 deceased. We also repeated the spatial analysis for YPLLG before and after controlling for individual-level and neighborhood-level covariates. The results showed that YPLLG was not randomly distributed across the state of Geneva. The ten random subsets revealed no significant difference with the geographic footprint of YPLLG and the population characteristics within Local Moran cluster types, suggesting robustness for the observed spatial structure. The proportion of women, the proportion of Swiss, the neighborhood median income, and the neighborhood median age were all significantly lower for populations in low YPLLG clusters when compared to populations in high YPLLG clusters. After controlling for individual-level and neighborhood-level covariates, we observed a reduction of 43% and 39% in the size of low and high YPLLG clusters, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Switzerland using spatial cluster detection methods to investigate inequalities in life expectancy at a local scale and based on individual data. We identified clear geographic footprints of YPLLG, which may support further investigations and guide future public health interventions at the local level.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Geography ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality/trends ; Residence Characteristics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Spatial Analysis ; Switzerland
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-02733-x
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  5. Article ; Online: Geographic clusters of objectively measured physical activity and the characteristics of their built environment in a Swiss urban area.

    Juan R Vallarta-Robledo / Stéphane Joost / Marco André Vieira Ruas / Cédric Gubelmann / Peter Vollenweider / Pedro Marques-Vidal / Idris Guessous

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 2, p e

    2022  Volume 0252255

    Abstract: Introduction Evidence suggests that the built environment can influence the intensity of physical activity. However, despite the importance of the geographic context, most of the studies do not consider the spatial framework of this association. We aimed ...

    Abstract Introduction Evidence suggests that the built environment can influence the intensity of physical activity. However, despite the importance of the geographic context, most of the studies do not consider the spatial framework of this association. We aimed to assess individual spatial dependence of objectively measured moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and describe the characteristics of the built environment among spatial clusters of MVPA. Methods Cross-sectional data from the second follow-up (2014-2017) of CoLaus|PsyCoLaus, a longitudinal population-based study of the Lausanne area (Switzerland), was used to objectively measure MVPA using accelerometers. Local Moran's I was used to assess the spatial dependence of MVPA and detect geographic clusters of low and high MVPA. Additionally, the characteristics of the built environment observed in the clusters based on raw MVPA and MVPA adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic factors were compared. Results Data from 1,889 participants (median age 63, 55% women) were used. The geographic distribution of MVPA and the characteristics of the built environment among clusters were similar for raw and adjusted MVPA. In the adjusted model, we found a low concentration of individuals within spatial clusters of high MVPA (median: 38.5mins; 3% of the studied population) and low MVPA (median: 10.9 mins; 2% of the studied population). Yet, clear differences were found in both models between clusters regarding the built environment; high MVPA clusters were located in areas where specific compositions of the built environment favor physical activity. Conclusions Our results suggest the built environment may influence local spatial patterns of MVPA independently of socioeconomic and demographic factors. Interventions in the built environment should be considered to promote physically active behaviors in urban areas.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 720
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Geographic clusters of objectively measured physical activity and the characteristics of their built environment in a Swiss urban area

    Juan R. Vallarta-Robledo / Stéphane Joost / Marco André Vieira Ruas / Cédric Gubelmann / Peter Vollenweider / Pedro Marques-Vidal / Idris Guessous

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss

    2022  Volume 2

    Abstract: Introduction Evidence suggests that the built environment can influence the intensity of physical activity. However, despite the importance of the geographic context, most of the studies do not consider the spatial framework of this association. We aimed ...

    Abstract Introduction Evidence suggests that the built environment can influence the intensity of physical activity. However, despite the importance of the geographic context, most of the studies do not consider the spatial framework of this association. We aimed to assess individual spatial dependence of objectively measured moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and describe the characteristics of the built environment among spatial clusters of MVPA. Methods Cross-sectional data from the second follow-up (2014–2017) of CoLaus|PsyCoLaus, a longitudinal population-based study of the Lausanne area (Switzerland), was used to objectively measure MVPA using accelerometers. Local Moran’s I was used to assess the spatial dependence of MVPA and detect geographic clusters of low and high MVPA. Additionally, the characteristics of the built environment observed in the clusters based on raw MVPA and MVPA adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic factors were compared. Results Data from 1,889 participants (median age 63, 55% women) were used. The geographic distribution of MVPA and the characteristics of the built environment among clusters were similar for raw and adjusted MVPA. In the adjusted model, we found a low concentration of individuals within spatial clusters of high MVPA (median: 38.5mins; 3% of the studied population) and low MVPA (median: 10.9 mins; 2% of the studied population). Yet, clear differences were found in both models between clusters regarding the built environment; high MVPA clusters were located in areas where specific compositions of the built environment favor physical activity. Conclusions Our results suggest the built environment may influence local spatial patterns of MVPA independently of socioeconomic and demographic factors. Interventions in the built environment should be considered to promote physically active behaviors in urban areas.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 720
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: The neighborhood environment and its association with the spatio-temporal footprint of tobacco consumption and changes in smoking-related behaviors in a Swiss urban area.

    Vallarta-Robledo, Juan R / Marques-Vidal, Pedro / Sandoval, José Luis / De Ridder, David / Schaffner, Emmanuel / Humair, Jean-Paul / Cornuz, Jacques / Probst-Hensch, Nicole / Joost, Stéphane / Guessous, Idris

    Health & place

    2022  Volume 76, Page(s) 102845

    Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the association of the neighborhood environment with the spatio-temporal dependence of tobacco consumption and changes in smoking-related behaviors in a Swiss urban area. Data were obtained from the CoLaus cohort (2003-2006, ... ...

    Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the association of the neighborhood environment with the spatio-temporal dependence of tobacco consumption and changes in smoking-related behaviors in a Swiss urban area. Data were obtained from the CoLaus cohort (2003-2006, 2009-2012, and 2014-2017) in Lausanne, Switzerland. Local Moran's I was performed to assess the spatial dependence of tobacco consumption. Prospective changes in tobacco consumption and the location of residence of participants were assessed through Cox regressions. Analyses were adjusted by individual and neighborhood data. The neighborhood environment was spatially associated with tobacco consumption and changes in smoking-related behaviors independently of individual factors.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Residence Characteristics ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Switzerland/epidemiology ; Tobacco Use
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1262540-1
    ISSN 1873-2054 ; 1353-8292
    ISSN (online) 1873-2054
    ISSN 1353-8292
    DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102845
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  8. Article ; Online: Negative Association Between Smoking and Positive SARS-CoV-2 Testing

    Juan R. Vallarta-Robledo / José Luis Sandoval / Stéphanie Baggio / Julien Salamun / Frédérique Jacquérioz / Hervé Spechbach / Idris Guessous

    Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

    Results From a Swiss Outpatient Sample Population

    2021  Volume 9

    Abstract: To date, most of the evidence suggests that smoking is negatively associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. However, evidence has several methodological limitations. Using an outpatient sample population, we analyzed the association of testing ... ...

    Abstract To date, most of the evidence suggests that smoking is negatively associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. However, evidence has several methodological limitations. Using an outpatient sample population, we analyzed the association of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and smoking considering comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors. Baseline data were obtained from a cohort during the first wave of the pandemic in Geneva, Switzerland (March-April 2020). RT-PCR tests were carried out on individuals suspected of having SARS-CoV-2 according to the testing strategy at that time. Logistic regressions were performed to test the association of smoking and testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and further adjusted for comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors. The sample included 5,169 participants; 60% were women and the mean age was 41 years. The unadjusted OR for testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 was 0.46 (CI: 0.38–0.54). After adjustment for comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors, smoking was still negatively associated with testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (OR: 0.44; CI: 0.35–0.77). Women (OR: 0.79; CI: 0.69–0.91), higher postal income (OR: 0.97; CI: 0.95–0.99), having respiratory (OR: 0.68; CI: 0.55–0.84) and immunosuppressive disorders (OR: 0.63; CI: 0.44–0.88) also showed independent negative associations with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2. Smoking was negatively associated with a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 independently of comorbidities, socioeconomic and demographic factors. Since having respiratory or immunosuppressive conditions and being females and healthcare workers were similarly negatively associated with SARS-CoV-2 positive testing, we hypothesize that risk factor-related protective or testing behaviors could have induced a negative association with SARS-CoV-2.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; outpatient testing ; smoking ; public health ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Spatial clusters of daily tobacco consumption before and after a smoke-free policy implementation.

    Vallarta-Robledo, Juan R / Sandoval, José Luis / De Ridder, David / Ladoy, Anaïs / Marques-Vidal, Pedro / Humair, Jean-Paul / Cornuz, Jacques / Probst-Hensch, Nicole / Schaffner, Emmanuel / Stringhini, Silvia / Joost, Stéphane / Guessous, Idris

    Health & place

    2021  Volume 70, Page(s) 102616

    Abstract: This study assessed the spatial dependence of daily tobacco consumption and how it is spatially impacted by individual and neighborhood socioeconomic determinants, and tobacco consumption facilities before and after a smoke-free implementation. ... ...

    Abstract This study assessed the spatial dependence of daily tobacco consumption and how it is spatially impacted by individual and neighborhood socioeconomic determinants, and tobacco consumption facilities before and after a smoke-free implementation. Individual data was obtained from the Bus Santé, a cross-sectional survey in Geneva. Spatial clusters of high and low tobacco consumption were assessed using Getis-Ord Gi*. Daily tobacco consumption was not randomly clustered in Geneva and may be impacted by tobacco consumption facilities independently of socioeconomic factors and a smoking ban. Spatial analysis should be considered to highlight the impact of smoke-free policies and guide public health interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Public Health ; Smoke-Free Policy ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; Tobacco Use
    Chemical Substances Tobacco Smoke Pollution
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1262540-1
    ISSN 1873-2054 ; 1353-8292
    ISSN (online) 1873-2054
    ISSN 1353-8292
    DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102616
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  10. Article: Percentile Reference Values for the Neck Circumference of Mexican Children.

    Valencia-Sosa, Evelyn / Chávez-Palencia, Clío / Vallarta-Robledo, Juan R / Romero-Velarde, Enrique / Larrosa-Haro, Alfredo / Vásquez-Garibay, Edgar Manuel / Ramos-García, César Octavio

    Children (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 8, Issue 5

    Abstract: Neck circumference was studied for the first time in a pediatric population in 2010. Since then, various countries have proposed cutoff values to identify overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, no reference values have been established for ...

    Abstract Neck circumference was studied for the first time in a pediatric population in 2010. Since then, various countries have proposed cutoff values to identify overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, no reference values have been established for the Mexican child population. The aim of this study is to provide percentile reference values for the neck circumference of Mexican schoolchildren. Only normal-weight schoolchildren aged 6-11 years were included. Percentiles and growth charts were constructed based on the "Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale and Shape" (GAMLSS). A total of 1059 schoolchildren (52.9% female) was evaluated. Weight, height, and BMI values were higher for males; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The 50th percentile for females was 24.6 cm at six years old and 28.25 cm at 11 years old, and for males, it was 25.75 cm and 28.76 cm, respectively. Both males and females displayed a pronounced increase in neck circumference between 10 and 11 years of age. The greatest variability was found in the 11-year-old group, with an increase of 5.5 cm for males and 5.4 cm for females. This study presents the first reference values for neck circumference for a Mexican child population.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2732685-8
    ISSN 2227-9067
    ISSN 2227-9067
    DOI 10.3390/children8050407
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