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  1. Article ; Online: The organizer and neural induction in birds and mammals.

    Stern, Claudio D

    Current topics in developmental biology

    2024  Volume 157, Page(s) 43–65

    Abstract: In avian and mammalian embryos the "organizer" property associated with neural induction of competent ectoderm into a neural plate and its subsequent patterning into rostro-caudal domains resides at the tip of the primitive streak before neurulation ... ...

    Abstract In avian and mammalian embryos the "organizer" property associated with neural induction of competent ectoderm into a neural plate and its subsequent patterning into rostro-caudal domains resides at the tip of the primitive streak before neurulation begins, and before a morphological Hensen's node is discernible. The same region and its later derivatives (like the notochord) also have the ability to "dorsalize" the adjacent mesoderm, for example by converting lateral plate mesoderm into paraxial (pre-somitic) mesoderm. Both neural induction and dorsalization of the mesoderm involve inhibition of BMP, and the former also requires other signals. This review surveys the key experiments done to elucidate the functions of the organizer and the mechanisms of neural induction in amniotes. We conclude that the mechanisms of neural induction in amniotes and anamniotes are likely to be largely the same; apparent differences are likely to be due to differences in experimental approaches dictated by embryo topology and other practical constraints. We also discuss the relationships between "neural induction" assessed by grafts of the organizer and normal neural plate development, as well as how neural induction relates to the generation of neuronal cells from embryonic and other stem cells in vitro.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mesoderm ; Somites ; Embryonic Induction/physiology ; Birds ; Mammals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1557-8933 ; 0070-2153
    ISSN (online) 1557-8933
    ISSN 0070-2153
    DOI 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.02.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Reflections on the past, present and future of developmental biology.

    Stern, Claudio D

    Developmental biology

    2022  Volume 488, Page(s) 30–34

    Abstract: Developmental Biology embodies some of the most fundamental questions in Biology and can trace its roots back to several thousand years ago; the last 100 years have been particularly extraordinary. In part the advances have been fuelled by new technical ... ...

    Abstract Developmental Biology embodies some of the most fundamental questions in Biology and can trace its roots back to several thousand years ago; the last 100 years have been particularly extraordinary. In part the advances have been fuelled by new technical advances and knowledge in many other areas, which have contributed to shaping the field as truly interdisciplinary. During those 100 years some of our predecessors identified some key questions and a few important principles especially by trying to find general rules that govern what cells are able to do and how they choose between different options, as well as principles of experimental design that can be used to uncover those rules even before we know their physicochemical underpinnings. But the field has been changing rapidly in the last two decades. Here I present a brief overview of some of the changes that have taken place over the last Century and a personal view of current directions. The picture that emerges is of some dark clouds on the horizon, so this is also a call to arms for our colleagues to try to regain what the field has been losing.
    MeSH term(s) Developmental Biology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1114-9
    ISSN 1095-564X ; 0012-1606
    ISSN (online) 1095-564X
    ISSN 0012-1606
    DOI 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.05.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Reflections on the past, present and future of developmental biology

    Stern, Claudio D.

    Developmental biology. 2022 Aug., v. 488

    2022  

    Abstract: Developmental Biology embodies some of the most fundamental questions in Biology and can trace its roots back to several thousand years ago; the last 100 years have been particularly extraordinary. In part the advances have been fuelled by new technical ... ...

    Abstract Developmental Biology embodies some of the most fundamental questions in Biology and can trace its roots back to several thousand years ago; the last 100 years have been particularly extraordinary. In part the advances have been fuelled by new technical advances and knowledge in many other areas, which have contributed to shaping the field as truly interdisciplinary. During those 100 years some of our predecessors identified some key questions and a few important principles especially by trying to find general rules that govern what cells are able to do and how they choose between different options, as well as principles of experimental design that can be used to uncover those rules even before we know their physicochemical underpinnings. But the field has been changing rapidly in the last two decades. Here I present a brief overview of some of the changes that have taken place over the last Century and a personal view of current directions. The picture that emerges is of some dark clouds on the horizon, so this is also a call to arms for our colleagues to try to regain what the field has been losing.
    Keywords area ; experimental design ; fields ; fuels ; rooting ; roots ; shape
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-08
    Size p. 30-34.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1114-9
    ISSN 1095-564X ; 0012-1606
    ISSN (online) 1095-564X
    ISSN 0012-1606
    DOI 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.05.001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: The 'Omics Revolution: How an Obsession with Compiling Lists Is Threatening the Ancient Art of Experimental Design.

    Stern, Claudio D

    BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology

    2019  Volume 41, Issue 12, Page(s) e1900168

    MeSH term(s) Genomics/methods ; Knowledge ; Proteomics/methods ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 50140-2
    ISSN 1521-1878 ; 0265-9247
    ISSN (online) 1521-1878
    ISSN 0265-9247
    DOI 10.1002/bies.201900168
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    Zs.A 2024: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Staging tables for avian embryos: a little history.

    Stern, Claudio D

    The International journal of developmental biology

    2018  Volume 62, Issue 1-2-3, Page(s) 43–48

    Abstract: Absolute time elapsed since fertilization, or hours' incubation, is not a good measure of the precise degree of development of an embryo because there is considerable variation. The chick embryo benefits from a detailed, well defined staging system ... ...

    Abstract Absolute time elapsed since fertilization, or hours' incubation, is not a good measure of the precise degree of development of an embryo because there is considerable variation. The chick embryo benefits from a detailed, well defined staging system introduced by Hamburger and Hamilton in 1951, perhaps the most precise and detailed available for any species. This paper briefly reviews the background and legacy of this table, including the remarkable work of its predecessors, Mathias Duval and Franz Keibel. It also begs the question of why the mouse embryo still lacks a similarly precise classification.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Birds ; Chick Embryo ; Developmental Biology/history ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Embryology/history ; Embryonic Development ; Fertilization ; History, 17th Century ; History, 19th Century ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Mice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-04
    Publishing country Spain
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1036070-0
    ISSN 1696-3547 ; 0214-6282
    ISSN (online) 1696-3547
    ISSN 0214-6282
    DOI 10.1387/ijdb.170299cs
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3202: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Molecular characteristics of the edge cells responsible for expansion of the chick embryo on the vitelline membrane.

    Lee, Hyung Chul / Fadaili, Yara / Stern, Claudio D

    Open biology

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 9, Page(s) 220147

    Abstract: During early avian development, only a narrow band of cells (the edge cells, also called 'margin of overgrowth') at the rim of the embryo is responsible for blastoderm expansion by crawling over the vitelline membrane (VM) to cover the whole egg yolk in ... ...

    Abstract During early avian development, only a narrow band of cells (the edge cells, also called 'margin of overgrowth') at the rim of the embryo is responsible for blastoderm expansion by crawling over the vitelline membrane (VM) to cover the whole egg yolk in just 4 days (a process called epiboly). Surprisingly, this has not yet been studied in detail. Here we explore the edge cells of the chick embryo using
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blastoderm ; Cell Movement ; Chick Embryo ; Epithelial Cells ; Vitelline Membrane ; Wound Healing
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2630944-0
    ISSN 2046-2441 ; 2046-2441
    ISSN (online) 2046-2441
    ISSN 2046-2441
    DOI 10.1098/rsob.220147
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Some Thoughts on Experimental Design.

    Stern, Claudio D

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2017  Volume 1650, Page(s) 1–8

    Abstract: Perhaps even more important than the techniques themselves are the quality of the biological questions asked and the design of the experiments devised to answer them. This chapter summarizes some of the key issues and also touches on how the same ... ...

    Abstract Perhaps even more important than the techniques themselves are the quality of the biological questions asked and the design of the experiments devised to answer them. This chapter summarizes some of the key issues and also touches on how the same principles affect scholarly use of the scientific literature and good peer-reviewing practices.
    MeSH term(s) Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Peer Review, Research/standards ; Research Design/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-7216-6_1
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  8. Article ; Online: The extra-embryonic area opaca plays a role in positioning the primitive streak of the early chick embryo.

    Lee, Hyung Chul / Hastings, Cato / Stern, Claudio D

    Development (Cambridge, England)

    2022  Volume 149, Issue 12

    Abstract: Classical studies have established that the marginal zone, a ring of extra-embryonic epiblast immediately surrounding the embryonic epiblast (area pellucida) of the chick embryo, is important in setting embryonic polarity by positioning the primitive ... ...

    Abstract Classical studies have established that the marginal zone, a ring of extra-embryonic epiblast immediately surrounding the embryonic epiblast (area pellucida) of the chick embryo, is important in setting embryonic polarity by positioning the primitive streak, the site of gastrulation. The more external extra-embryonic region (area opaca) was thought to have only nutritive and support functions. Using experimental embryology approaches, this study reveals three separable functions for this outer region. First, juxtaposition of the area opaca directly onto the area pellucida induces a new marginal zone from the latter; this induced domain is entirely posterior in character. Second, ablation and grafting experiments using an isolated anterior half of the blastoderm and pieces of area opaca suggest that the area opaca can influence the polarity of the adjacent marginal zone. Finally, we show that the loss of the ability of such isolated anterior half-embryos to regulate (re-establish polarity spontaneously) at the early primitive streak stage can be rescued by replacing the area opaca by one from a younger stage. These results uncover new roles of chick extra-embryonic tissues in early development.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blastoderm ; Chick Embryo ; Gastrula/physiology ; Primitive Streak
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 90607-4
    ISSN 1477-9129 ; 0950-1991
    ISSN (online) 1477-9129
    ISSN 0950-1991
    DOI 10.1242/dev.200303
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ub I Zs.183: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: A niche for axial stem cells - A cellular perspective in amniotes.

    Solovieva, Tatiana / Wilson, Valerie / Stern, Claudio D

    Developmental biology

    2022  Volume 490, Page(s) 13–21

    Abstract: The head-tail axis in birds and mammals develops from a growth zone in the tail-end, which contains the node. This growth zone then forms the tailbud. Labelling experiments have shown that while many cells leave the node and tailbud to contribute to ... ...

    Abstract The head-tail axis in birds and mammals develops from a growth zone in the tail-end, which contains the node. This growth zone then forms the tailbud. Labelling experiments have shown that while many cells leave the node and tailbud to contribute to axial (notochord, floorplate) and paraxial (somite) structures, some cells remain resident in the node and tailbud. Could these cells be resident axial stem cells? If so, do the node and tailbud represent an instructive stem cell niche that specifies and maintains these stem cells? Serial transplantation and single cell labelling studies support the existence of self-renewing stem cells and heterotopic transplantations suggest that the node can instruct such self-renewing behaviour. However, only single cell manipulations can reveal whether self-renewing behaviour occurs at the level of a cell population (asymmetric or symmetric cell divisions) or at the level of single cells (asymmetric divisions only). We combine data on resident cells in the node and tailbud and review it in the context of axial development in chick and mouse, summarising our current understanding of axial stem cells and their niche and highlighting future directions of interest.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Division ; Mammals ; Mesoderm ; Mice ; Notochord ; Somites ; Stem Cells
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1114-9
    ISSN 1095-564X ; 0012-1606
    ISSN (online) 1095-564X
    ISSN 0012-1606
    DOI 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.06.015
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  10. Article ; Online: Exploring the roles of FGF/MAPK and cVG1/GDF signalling on mesendoderm induction and convergent extension during chick primitive streak formation.

    Lee, Hyung Chul / Oliveira, Nidia M M / Stern, Claudio D

    Development genes and evolution

    2022  Volume 232, Issue 5-6, Page(s) 115–123

    Abstract: During primitive streak formation in the chick embryo, cells undergo mesendoderm specification and convergent extension at the same time and in the same cells. Previous work has implicated cVG1 (GDF3) as a key factor for induction of primitive streak ... ...

    Abstract During primitive streak formation in the chick embryo, cells undergo mesendoderm specification and convergent extension at the same time and in the same cells. Previous work has implicated cVG1 (GDF3) as a key factor for induction of primitive streak identity and positioning the primitive streak, whereas FGF signalling was implicated in regulating cell intercalation via regulation of components of the WNT-planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. FGF has also been reported to be able to induce a primitive streak (but lacking the most axial derivatives such as notochord/prechordal mesendoderm). These signals emanate from different cell populations in the embryo, so how do they interact to ensure that the same cells undergo both cell intercalation and acquire primitive streak identity? Here we begin to address this question by examining in more detail the ability of the two classes of signals in regulating the two developmental events. Using misexpression of inducers and/or exposure to inhibitors and in situ hybridisation, we study how these two signals regulate expression of Brachyury (TBXT) and PRICKLE1 as markers for the primitive streak and the PCP, respectively. We find that both signals can induce both properties, but while FGF seems to be required for induction of the streak by cVG1, it is not necessary for induction of PRICKLE1. The results are consistent with cVG1 being a common regulator for both primitive streak identity and the initiation of convergent extension that leads to streak elongation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Primitive Streak ; Gastrulation ; Signal Transduction ; Cell Polarity ; Gastrula
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-23
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1327962-2
    ISSN 1432-041X ; 0949-944X
    ISSN (online) 1432-041X
    ISSN 0949-944X
    DOI 10.1007/s00427-022-00696-1
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