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  1. Article ; Online: Indirect effects of emotion regulation in the relationship between pain and cannabis use in adults 18-64 years.

    Schepis, Ty S / Rogers, Andrew H / Munoz, Liliana / Zvolensky, Michael J

    Addictive behaviors

    2024  Volume 153, Page(s) 107983

    Abstract: Introduction: Individuals with chronic pain often receive prescription opioid medication, and they may use cannabis to treat pain as well, although the risks of cannabis-opioid co-use are significant. This study aimed to investigate whether two ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Individuals with chronic pain often receive prescription opioid medication, and they may use cannabis to treat pain as well, although the risks of cannabis-opioid co-use are significant. This study aimed to investigate whether two transdiagnostic factors, emotion regulation and distress tolerance, had significant indirect effects in the relationship between pain and cannabis use in adults with chronic pain and an opioid prescription.
    Methods: Participants (n = 450; mean age = 38.6 ± 11.09) were recruited using Qualtrics panel service and were 75 % female and 79 % White, non-Hispanic. Participants completed a 30-minute self-report survey capturing three-month cannabis use, the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS), and the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). The Graded Pain Scale (GCPS) assessed pain severity/intensity and disability. Analyses used the SPSS PROCESS macro, with both single (i.e., one transdiagnostic factor) and parallel indirect effects (i.e., both the DERS and DTS) examined.
    Results: There were statistically significant indirect effects for both the DERS and DTS in the relationship between pain intensity or disability and three-month cannabis use in single factor models. In the parallel indirect effect model, only the DERS was statistically significant (intensity indirect effect coefficient = 0.0195 % confidence interval [95 %CI] = 0.0065, 0.390; disability indirect effect coefficient = 0.0147, 95 %CI = 0.0055, 0.0274).
    Conclusions: When examining parallel indirect effects, only emotional regulation and not distress tolerance mediated the relationship between chronic pain and cannabis use among those with an opioid prescription. Clinically, interventions aimed at improving emotional regulation in individuals with chronic pain can help limit cannabis and opioid co-use.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Cannabis ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Chronic Pain/drug therapy ; Emotional Regulation ; Opioid-Related Disorders/psychology ; Hallucinogens
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Hallucinogens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 197618-7
    ISSN 1873-6327 ; 0306-4603
    ISSN (online) 1873-6327
    ISSN 0306-4603
    DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107983
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Is Early Onset of Nonmedical Prescription Stimulant Use Associated With Cocaine Use During Adolescence? Results From a National Study.

    McCabe, Sean Esteban / Schepis, Ty S / Schulenberg, John E / Wilens, Timothy E / Veliz, Philip T

    Substance use & addiction journal

    2024  Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 314–324

    Abstract: Background: To examine the associations between early onset of nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPSU) and cocaine use.: Methods: Nationally representative samples of high school seniors were surveyed annually. Data were collected via self- ... ...

    Abstract Background: To examine the associations between early onset of nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPSU) and cocaine use.
    Methods: Nationally representative samples of high school seniors were surveyed annually. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires in nationally representative public and private schools in the United States (1976-2020) as part of the Monitoring the Future Study. The sample consisted of 45 cohorts of 12th grade students (N = 121 909). The main outcome was lifetime, past-year, and past-month cocaine use.
    Results: An estimated one in every 10 (10.1%) individuals reported lifetime NPSU while 8.5% reported any cocaine use. The vast majority of youth (87.2%) initiated NPSU before cocaine among those who reported both substances. Cocaine use was most prevalent among youth who reported early onset of NPSU in 8th grade or earlier (51.7%) followed by those who reported later onset of NPSU in 12th grade (24.7%), and those who never initiated NPSU (3.7%). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that early onset of NPSU had greater adjusted odds of cocaine use compared to those with later onset of NPSU or those who never reported NPSU. Moreover, the adjusted odds of cocaine use were higher for adolescents who initiated NPSU before or after medical use of prescription stimulants compared to those with no history of medical use or NPSU. Similar results were found for lifetime, past-year, and past-month cocaine use as a function of NPSU onset; this association was stronger among more recent cohorts.
    Conclusions: Early onset of NPSU appears to be a signal of increased risk of cocaine use among US adolescents. NPSU should be included in screening and early prevention strategies among secondary school students. Health professionals, school officials, and families are encouraged to monitor youth for NPSU based on the increased risk of later cocaine use and related consequences.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; United States ; Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Cocaine ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/drug therapy ; Prescriptions
    Chemical Substances Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2976-7350
    ISSN (online) 2976-7350
    DOI 10.1177/29767342231219139
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Sources for prescription stimulant misuse: A person-centered approach to understanding links to substance use and psychiatric impairment.

    Holt, Laura J / Looby, Alison / Schepis, Ty S

    Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 498–506

    Abstract: ... ethnically diverse sample of U.S. undergraduates ( ...

    Abstract Prescription stimulant misuse (PSM) is most prevalent among college students and is associated with numerous negative academic and psychosocial outcomes. A large body of literature has identified predictors of PSM in this population, however few studies have utilized a person-centered approach to examine how the sources from which students procure prescription stimulants are associated with substance-related and psychiatric impairment. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to classify a geographically and racially/ethnically diverse sample of U.S. undergraduates (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Prescription Drug Misuse/psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Students/psychology ; Prescriptions ; Universities
    Chemical Substances Central Nervous System Stimulants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1209960-0
    ISSN 1936-2293 ; 1064-1297
    ISSN (online) 1936-2293
    ISSN 1064-1297
    DOI 10.1037/pha0000586
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Prescription Drug Misuse with Alcohol Coingestion among US Adolescents: Youth Experiences, Health-related Factors, and Other Substance Use Behaviors.

    Ford, Jason A / McCabe, Sean Esteban / Schepis, Ty S

    Journal of addiction medicine

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 379–386

    Abstract: Background: While alcohol use and prescription drug misuse (PDM) are common among adolescents, there is relatively little research on coingestion. This is disquieting as polysubstance use has become a major contributing factor in drug overdose deaths ... ...

    Abstract Background: While alcohol use and prescription drug misuse (PDM) are common among adolescents, there is relatively little research on coingestion. This is disquieting as polysubstance use has become a major contributing factor in drug overdose deaths among young people in the United States.
    Methods: The current research uses multiple years of data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015-2019) to assess characteristics associated with coingestion among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years ( N = 57,352). Multinomial logistic regression analysis is used to identify characteristics associated with past 30-day PDM with and without alcohol coingestion. The primary objective is to determine how youth experiences with parents, involvement in conventional activities, religiosity, social support, and school status are associated with coingestion.
    Results: Among adolescents who report past 30-day PDM, 18.6% coingest with alcohol and 77.5% of adolescents who coingest report at least one substance use disorder. Several youth experiences were significantly associated with opioid coingestion including increased conflict with parents (relative risk ratio [RRR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.48), lower levels of religiosity (RRR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52-0.98), less social support (RRR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18-0.69), and not being in school (RRR, 3.86; 95% CI, 1.33-11.17). In addition, emergency department visits, depression, and other substance use behaviors were also significantly associated with coingestion.
    Conclusions: Findings demonstrate a strong connection between coingestion and substance use disorder among US adolescents. The findings from the current study can inform prevention and intervention efforts by identifying youth experiences and health-related factors that are associated with coingestion.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; United States/epidemiology ; Prescription Drug Misuse ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Substance-Related Disorders/drug therapy ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Ethanol ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1935-3227
    ISSN (online) 1935-3227
    DOI 10.1097/ADM.0000000000001131
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Family history of substance use disorder and likelihood of prescription drug misuse in adults 50 and older.

    Schepis, Ty S / Wastila, Linda / McCabe, Sean Esteban

    Aging & mental health

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 1020–1027

    Abstract: Objective: Individuals who are family history positive (FHP) for substance use problems have increased risk for substance use, substance use disorders (SUDs), and psychopathology. Links between FHP status and prescription drug misuse (PDM) have not been ...

    Abstract Objective: Individuals who are family history positive (FHP) for substance use problems have increased risk for substance use, substance use disorders (SUDs), and psychopathology. Links between FHP status and prescription drug misuse (PDM) have not been well investigated; this study examined PDM in adults 50 and older by FHP status.
    Methods: Data were from the US NESARC-III (
    Results: FHP status was associated with significantly higher rates of PDM (e.g. past-year opioid PDM, FHP: 3.8%, FHN: 1.5%) and SUD from PDM (e.g. past-year SUD, FHP: 1.2%, FHN: 0.2%); also, prevalence varied by family history density, with the highest rates in those with three or more relatives with substance use problems (e.g. past-year opioid PDM: 5.5%). Overall, 32.2% of FHP individuals with past-year PDM had past-year co-occurring SUD and psychopathology diagnoses, versus 11.0% of FHN individuals.
    Conclusion: FHP status could inform treatment decisions in adults 50 and older with conditions for which prescription opioids or tranquilizer/sedatives are indicated.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Prescription Drug Misuse ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use ; Tranquilizing Agents/adverse effects ; Alcoholism
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Tranquilizing Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1474804-6
    ISSN 1364-6915 ; 1360-7863
    ISSN (online) 1364-6915
    ISSN 1360-7863
    DOI 10.1080/13607863.2022.2084711
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Stimulant Therapy and Prescription Drug Misuse During Transition to Young Adulthood.

    McCabe, Sean Esteban / Schulenberg, John E / Wilens, Timothy E / Schepis, Ty S / Werner, Kennedy S / McCabe, Vita V / Veliz, Philip T

    Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)

    2024  , Page(s) appips20230418

    Abstract: ... years 2005-2017) of U.S. 12th grade students (N=11,066; ages 17 and 18 years) from the Monitoring ...

    Abstract Objective: Limited prospective data exist about the impact of stimulant therapy for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during adolescence on the risk for later prescription drug misuse (PDM; i.e., of benzodiazepines, opioids, and stimulants).
    Methods: National longitudinal multicohort panels (baseline cohort years 2005-2017) of U.S. 12th grade students (N=11,066; ages 17 and 18 years) from the Monitoring the Future study were surveyed via self-administered questionnaires and followed up biennially during young adulthood (ages 19-24). A multivariable analysis was used to assess whether adolescents' lifetime history of stimulant therapy for ADHD was associated with subsequent PDM.
    Results: Overall, 9.9% of adolescents reported lifetime stimulant therapy for ADHD at ages 17 and 18. No significant differences were found in the adjusted odds of later incidence or prevalence of past-year PDM during young adulthood between adolescents with lifetime stimulant therapy and adolescents with no stimulant therapy. Over the 5-year follow-up, past-year PDM during young adulthood was most prevalent among adolescents who reported both stimulant therapy and prescription stimulant misuse (53.1%) and those who reported prescription stimulant misuse only (51.5%). Compared with adolescents in a control group without lifetime stimulant therapy or misuse, adolescents reporting prescription stimulant misuse had significantly higher adjusted odds of later incidence and prevalence of PDM during young adulthood.
    Conclusions: Adolescents' stimulant therapy for ADHD was not significantly associated with increased risk for later PDM during young adulthood. In contrast, adolescents' misuse of prescription stimulants strongly predicted later PDM. Monitoring adolescents for prescription stimulant misuse may help identify and mitigate the risk for future PDM.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1220173-x
    ISSN 1557-9700 ; 1075-2730
    ISSN (online) 1557-9700
    ISSN 1075-2730
    DOI 10.1176/appi.ps.20230418
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Adolescents' Use of Medications for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Subsequent Risk of Nonmedical Stimulant Use.

    McCabe, Vita V / Veliz, Philip T / Wilens, Timothy E / Schepis, Ty S / Pasman, Emily / Evans-Polce, Rebecca J / McCabe, Sean Esteban

    The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose: This national prospective multicohort study examined the relationship between US adolescents' use of stimulant therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequent risk of nonmedical stimulant use (i.e., nonmedical use of ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This national prospective multicohort study examined the relationship between US adolescents' use of stimulant therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequent risk of nonmedical stimulant use (i.e., nonmedical use of prescription stimulants and cocaine use) during young adulthood, relative to nonstimulant therapy and population controls.
    Methods: Nationally representative multicohort panels of 11,905 US 12th-grade students were surveyed via self-administered questionnaires at baseline (age 18) and followed prospectively over six years into young adulthood (ages 19‒24).
    Results: There were no statistically significant differences between adolescents who used stimulant therapy for ADHD compared to those who used only nonstimulant medications and population controls in their adjusted odds of nonmedical stimulant use incidence or prevalence during young adulthood, after adjusting for baseline covariates.
    Discussion: The findings offer preliminary support that adolescents who use prescription stimulant or nonstimulant medications for ADHD when clinically indicated are not at greater risk for nonmedical stimulant use during young adulthood.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1063374-1
    ISSN 1879-1972 ; 1054-139X
    ISSN (online) 1879-1972
    ISSN 1054-139X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.01.024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Posttraumatic stress disorder in diverse populations: Testing for assessment bias in a nationally representative sample.

    Gutierrez, Carolina I / Arteaga, Katherina / Schepis, Ty S / De Nadai, Alessandro S

    Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy

    2023  

    Abstract: Objective: A growing body of research has emerged to characterize differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom presentations in individuals from diverse racial and ethnic groups. However, less research has examined if these observed ... ...

    Abstract Objective: A growing body of research has emerged to characterize differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom presentations in individuals from diverse racial and ethnic groups. However, less research has examined if these observed differences can be attributed to bias within PTSD assessments. Knowledge about potential bias in PTSD assessment is essential for interpreting group differences. If PTSD assessments do not perform similarly across diverse demographic groups, then observed differences may be artificial products of inaccurate measurement, new assessments could be required for individuals from different demographic groups, and we would be unable to accurately detect PTSD treatment effects in patients from diverse groups.
    Method: We evaluated PTSD assessment bias through tests of measurement invariance for the semistructured, clinician-administered AUDADIS-5 diagnostic assessment of participants in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III. Participants included those who reported having experienced at least one potentially traumatic event in their lifetime (
    Results: Overall, PTSD assessment was largely invariant across groups, while small amounts of measurement invariance were detected that can inform future research and clinical adaptations.
    Conclusions: This work validates prior research that relies on a common conceptualization of PTSD, and it provides several paths for future improvement in research and clinical practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2497028-1
    ISSN 1942-969X ; 1942-9681
    ISSN (online) 1942-969X
    ISSN 1942-9681
    DOI 10.1037/tra0001492
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Recent trends in prescription drug misuse in the United States by age, race/ethnicity, and sex.

    Schepis, Ty S / McCabe, Sean E / Ford, Jason A

    The American journal on addictions

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 5, Page(s) 396–402

    Abstract: Background and objectives: To examine changes in United States past-year opioid, stimulant, and benzodiazepine prescription drug misuse (PDM) and poly-PDM by demographics.: Methods: Data were from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health ( ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: To examine changes in United States past-year opioid, stimulant, and benzodiazepine prescription drug misuse (PDM) and poly-PDM by demographics.
    Methods: Data were from the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 282,768), examining annualized PDM change by demographics.
    Results: Opioid and poly-PDM significantly declined among those under 35 years, White, and multiracial residents.
    Discussion and conclusions: Age and race/ethnicity are important moderators of recent PDM trends, warranting investigation of mechanisms.
    Scientific significance: Results highlight ongoing PDM declines in younger groups but expand the literature by showing limited changes in adults 35 and older and non-opioid PDM.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Drug Misuse ; Ethnicity ; Humans ; Prescription Drug Misuse ; Substance-Related Disorders/drug therapy ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; United States/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1141440-6
    ISSN 1521-0391 ; 1055-0496
    ISSN (online) 1521-0391
    ISSN 1055-0496
    DOI 10.1111/ajad.13289
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  10. Article ; Online: How a "Something Else" Response Option for Sexual Identity Affects National Survey Estimates of Associations Between Sexual Identity, Reproductive Health, and Substance Use.

    West, Brady T / Engstrom, Curtiss W / Schepis, Ty S / Tani, Ilmul J / McCabe, Sean Esteban

    Archives of sexual behavior

    2023  Volume 53, Issue 1, Page(s) 107–126

    Abstract: This randomized experiment tested whether the inclusion of a "something else" response option for a question about sexual identity in a national health survey would significantly moderate estimated differences between sexual identity subgroups in terms ... ...

    Abstract This randomized experiment tested whether the inclusion of a "something else" response option for a question about sexual identity in a national health survey would significantly moderate estimated differences between sexual identity subgroups in terms of various health outcomes, including substance use and reproductive health. We conducted secondary analyses of data from five consecutive years of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG; 2015-2019), where two large national half-samples were randomly assigned to receive one of two different versions of a question about sexual identity (a four-category version that included a "something else" response option or a three-category version omitting this option). We focused on national estimates of differences between subgroups defined by sexual identity. Multivariable models indicated that the estimated subgroup differences changed in a statistically significant fashion when using the four-category version of the sexual identity question for several measures, including 16% of male measures (household size, past-year cigarette use, and past-year illicit drug use) and 15% of female measures (wanting a/another child, ever had a sexually transmitted disease, and past-year marijuana use). The absence of a "something else" response option for questions about sexual identity in national health surveys may cause respondents to select options that do not accurately describe their identities, and this can have a significant effect on national estimates of differences between sexual identity subgroups in terms of selected health outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Reproductive Health ; Gender Identity ; Sexual Behavior ; Sexuality ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Sexual and Gender Minorities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 184221-3
    ISSN 1573-2800 ; 0004-0002
    ISSN (online) 1573-2800
    ISSN 0004-0002
    DOI 10.1007/s10508-023-02710-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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