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Article ; Online: Early-Life Stress as a Probe to Study the Opioid System in Developing Rodents.

Loizzo, Stefano / Loizzo, Alberto

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2020 Volume 2201, Page(s) 253–258

Abstract: The developmental origins of disease or fetal programming model predict that early (intrauterine and/or postnatal) exposures to external insults of sufficient length and intensity may have enduring or lifelong consequences for physical and psychological ... ...

Abstract	The developmental origins of disease or fetal programming model predict that early (intrauterine and/or postnatal) exposures to external insults of sufficient length and intensity may have enduring or lifelong consequences for physical and psychological health. The method described in this chapter considers an animal model to study the pathophysiological alterations connected to an HPA axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) hyperactivity that are induced by an early-life stressful procedure involving the opioid system.
MeSH term(s)	Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism ; Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; Hypothalamus ; Mice ; Pituitary Gland ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/physiopathology ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/metabolism ; Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid ; Receptors, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-0716-0884-5_23
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Article ; Online: Etiopathogenesis and Pharmacological Prevention of a Type-2 Diabetes Model in Male Mice.

Loizzo, Alberto / Spampinato, Santi M / Campana, Gabriele / Loizzo, Stefano

The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics

2017 Volume 364, Issue 2, Page(s) 347–358

Abstract: We describe a stress-derived type-2 diabetes model in male mice, and formulate new hypotheses on how the model was induced, how diabetes-like alterations were prevented through specific pharmacological treatments, and how its possible neuroendocrine ... ...

Abstract	We describe a stress-derived type-2 diabetes model in male mice, and formulate new hypotheses on how the model was induced, how diabetes-like alterations were prevented through specific pharmacological treatments, and how its possible neuroendocrine pathogenesis could be hypothesized. Pregnant females arrived in our laboratory on their 14th day of conceptional age. After birth, control mice never showed any apparent behavioral-metabolic-endocrine alterations. However, application of postnatal stress (brief mother deprivation, plus sham injection, daily from birth to weaning), was followed in adult male mice by two series of diabetes-like alterations. Some alterations (e.g., body overweight, immune, neurophysiologic, neurobehavioral alterations) were selectively prevented by opioid antagonist naloxone daily administered during nursing period. The aforementioned alterations plus several others (e.g., hyperglycemia, neuroendocrine alterations) were prevented by administration of specific antisense oligodeoxinucleotide, which modulated synthesis-hyperfunction of proopiomelanocortin-derived corticotropin (ACTH)-corticosterone and endorphins in the pituitary. Surprisingly, together with metabolic alterations, enduring increment of neurophysiologic/neurobehavioral brain performances were observed, accompanied by energy compensative reactions, and brain mitochondria hyperfunction. Thus, increased glycemia/lipidemia appeared to furnish fuel necessary to cope with increased request of energy. Diabetes-like alterations were accompanied by enduring hyperfunction of opioid- and ACTH-corticosterone-endogenous structures in the brain, which were apparently due to failure of negative feedback hormone mechanisms in the pituitary, for the control of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. In conclusion, for the first time we can hypothesize that a diabetes-like syndrome is produced by enduring hyperfunction of two proopiomelanocortin-dependent endogenous systems (brain opioid- and ACTH-corticosterone systems), following failure of pituitary feedback hormonal control, after complex stress procedures.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Stress, Psychological/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	3106-9
ISSN	1521-0103 ; 0022-3565
ISSN (online)	1521-0103
ISSN	0022-3565
DOI	10.1124/jpet.117.244707
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Article ; Online: Comment on: "Emerging minimally invasive transurethral treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review with meta-analysis of functional outcomes and description of complications".

Checcucci, Enrico / Volpi, Gabriele / DE Cillis, Sabrina / Piramide, Federico / Piana, Alberto / Veccia, Alessandro / Falagario, Ugo / Loizzo, Davide / Pandolfo, Savio D / Autorino, Riccardo / Amparore, Daniele

Minerva urology and nephrology

2022 Volume 74, Issue 4, Page(s) 475–478

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-16
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3062840-4
ISSN	2724-6442
ISSN (online)	2724-6442
DOI	10.23736/S2724-6051.22.04946-1
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Article ; Online: Group B streptococcus late-onset disease,contaminated breast milk and mothers persistently GBS negative: report of 3cases.

Nicolini, Giangiacomo / Borellini, Martina / Loizzo, Vitaliana / Creti, Roberta / Memo, Luigi / Berardi, Alberto

BMC pediatrics

2018 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 214

Abstract: Background: Human milk is fundamental for its nutritional properties and to protect newborns, but it is not sterile and can sometime transmit bacteria. Few anecdotal cases suggest that breast milk could be a possible source of group B Streptococcus (GBS) ...

Abstract	Background: Human milk is fundamental for its nutritional properties and to protect newborns, but it is not sterile and can sometime transmit bacteria. Few anecdotal cases suggest that breast milk could be a possible source of group B Streptococcus (GBS) late onset disease, although the pathogenesis is not entirely understood. Case presentation: We report 3 cases of GBS late onset disease in full-term newborns. Fresh breast milk cultures yielded GBS, but mothers of neonates had no signs of mastitis and remained persistently GBS negative at rectovaginal site. Conclusions: Breast milk containing group B Streptococcus can be a risk factor for late onset disease. The persistent negative maternal GBS status supports the assumption that newborns, colonised in the throat, could be the initial source of GBS, while the mammary gland could act as a GBS replication site. It is unclear whether a low bacterial load may represent only contamination rather than true milk infection.
MeSH term(s)	Age of Onset ; Ampicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Breast Feeding/adverse effects ; Female ; Gentamicins/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Milk, Human/microbiology ; Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis ; Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Streptococcal Infections/transmission ; Streptococcus agalactiae/isolation & purification
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Gentamicins ; Ampicillin (7C782967RD)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041342-7
ISSN	1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
ISSN (online)	1471-2431
ISSN	1471-2431
DOI	10.1186/s12887-018-1192-x
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Article ; Online: Early post-natal life stress induces permanent adrenocorticotropin-dependent hypercortisolism in male mice.

Campana, Gabriele / Loizzo, Stefano / Fortuna, Andrea / Rimondini, Roberto / Maroccia, Zaira / Scillitani, Alfredo / Falchetti, Alberto / Spampinato, Santi Mario / Persani, Luca / Chiodini, Iacopo

Endocrine

2021 Volume 73, Issue 1, Page(s) 186–195

Abstract: Purpose: It has been hypothesized that specific early-life stress (ES) procedures on CD-1 male mice produce diabetes-like alterations due to the failure of negative feedback of glucocorticoid hormone in the pituitary. The aim of this study is to ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: It has been hypothesized that specific early-life stress (ES) procedures on CD-1 male mice produce diabetes-like alterations due to the failure of negative feedback of glucocorticoid hormone in the pituitary. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible mechanism that leads to this pathological model, framing it in a more specific clinical condition. Methods: Metabolic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-related hormones of stressed mice (SM) have been analyzed immediately after stress procedures (21 postnatal days, PND) and after 70 days of a peaceful (unstressed) period (90 PND). These data have been compared to parameters from age-matched controls (CTR), and mice treated during ES procedures with oligonucleotide antisense for pro-opiomelanocortin (AS-POMC). Results: At 21 PND, SM presented an increased secretion of hypothalamic CRH and pituitary POMC-derived peptides, as well as higher plasmatic levels of ACTH and corticosterone vs. CTR. At 90 PND, SM showed hyperglycemia, with suppression of hypothalamic CRH, while pituitary and plasmatic ACTH levels, as well as plasma corticosterone, were constantly higher than in CTR. These values are accompanied by a progressive acceleration in gaining total body weight, which became significant vs. CTR at 90 PND together with a higher pituitary weight. Treatment with AS-POMC prevented all hormonal and metabolic alterations observed in SM, both at 21 and 90 PND. Conclusions: These findings show that these specific ES procedures affect the negative glucocorticoid feedback in the pituitary, but not in the hypothalamus, suggesting a novel model of ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism that can be prevented by silencing the POMC gene.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Adverse Childhood Experiences ; Animals ; Corticosterone ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Cushing Syndrome ; Male ; Mice ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin/genetics ; Stress, Psychological/complications
Chemical Substances	Pro-Opiomelanocortin (66796-54-1) ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (9002-60-2) ; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (9015-71-8) ; Corticosterone (W980KJ009P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1194484-5
ISSN	1559-0100 ; 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
ISSN (online)	1559-0100
ISSN	1355-008X ; 0969-711X
DOI	10.1007/s12020-021-02659-4
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Article ; Online: Neurobiology of pain in children: an overview.

Loizzo, Alberto / Loizzo, Stefano / Capasso, Anna

The open biochemistry journal

2009 Volume 3, Page(s) 18–25

Abstract: The evaluation of pain in the newborn and the infant is difficult because pain is mainly a subjective phenomenon. Until a few years ago, several myths persisted. First, the myth that children, especially infants, do not feel pain the way adults do, ... ...

Abstract	The evaluation of pain in the newborn and the infant is difficult because pain is mainly a subjective phenomenon. Until a few years ago, several myths persisted. First, the myth that children, especially infants, do not feel pain the way adults do, therefore there is no untoward consequences for them. Second, lack of assessment and reassessment for the presence of pain. Third, misunderstanding of how to conceptualise and quantify a subjective experience. Fourth, lack of knowledge of pain treatment. Fifth, the notion that addressing pain in children takes too much time and effort, in ultimate analysis resulting in wasting time. Sixth, fears of hidden -and not easy to diagnose or prevent- adverse effects of analgesic medications, including respiratory depression and addiction. Finally, from a conceptual point of view, high thresholds of pain in neonates and infants were considered to be present by natural character, and useful in protecting infant from pain during birth and transit through the narrow vaginal channel.The present review is focused on the description of different theories on the pain pathogenesis in children.
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-02-24
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2396170-3
ISSN	1874-091X ; 1874-091X
ISSN (online)	1874-091X
ISSN	1874-091X
DOI	10.2174/1874091X00903010018
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Article: Flower and Leaf Extracts of

Tundis, Rosa / Ursino, Claudia / Bonesi, Marco / Loizzo, Monica R / Sicari, Vincenzo / Pellicanò, Teresa / Manfredi, Ilaria L / Figoli, Alberto / Cassano, Alfredo

Membranes

2019 Volume 9, Issue 10

Abstract: This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the chemical profile as well as the antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of ethanol (EtOH) and methanol (MeOH) extracts ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the chemical profile as well as the antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of ethanol (EtOH) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2077-0375
ISSN	2077-0375
DOI	10.3390/membranes9100127
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Article: Antisense versus proopiomelanocortin mRNA reduces vascular risk in a murine model of type-2 diabetes following stress exposure in early post-natal life

Loizzo, Alberto / Andrea Fortuna / Fulvia Fabi / Gabriele Campana / Paola Del Basso / Santi M. Spampinato / Stefano Loizzo / Stefano Vella

Peptides. 2015 Feb., v. 64

2015

Abstract: Mechanisms of vascular complications in type-2 diabetes patients and animal models are matter of debate. We previously demonstrated that a double-stress model applied to male mice during nursing period produces enduring hyperfunction of endogenous opioid ...

Abstract	Mechanisms of vascular complications in type-2 diabetes patients and animal models are matter of debate. We previously demonstrated that a double-stress model applied to male mice during nursing period produces enduring hyperfunction of endogenous opioid and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-corticosteroid systems, accompanied by type-2 diabetes-like alterations in adult animals. Administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, or of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide versus proopiomelanocortin mRNA, capable to block the pro-opiomelanocortin-derived peptides β-endorphin and ACTH, selectively prevent these alterations. Here, we investigated alterations produced by our stress model on aorta endothelium-dependent relaxation and contractile responses. Mice, stressed during nursing period, showed in the adulthood hormonal and metabolic type-2 diabetes-like alterations, including hyperglycemia, increased body weight and increased plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels. Ex vivo isolated aorta rings, gathered from stressed mice, were less sensitive to noradrenaline-induced contractions versus controls. This effect was blocked by nitric-oxide synthase-inhibitor l-NG-nitroarginine added to bath organ solution. Aorta rings relaxation caused by acetylcholine was enhanced in stressed mice versus controls, but following treatment with the nitric-oxide donor sodium nitroprusside, concentration-relaxation curves in aorta from stressed groups were similar to controls. Therefore, vascular response alterations to physiologic-pharmacologic stimuli were apparently due to nitric-oxide hyperfunction-dependent mechanisms. Aorta functional alterations, and plasma stress hormones enhancement, were prevented in mice stressed and treated with antisense oligodeoxinucleotide, addressed to reduce ACTH- and corticosteroid-mediated hyperfunction. This study demonstrates the key role of ACTH-corticosteroid axis hyperfunction for the triggering of vascular conditions in male adult rodents following postnatal stress in a type-2 diabetes model.
Keywords	acetylcholine ; adulthood ; adults ; animal models ; antagonists ; aorta ; body weight ; corticosterone ; corticotropin ; endorphins ; enzyme inhibitors ; hyperglycemia ; males ; messenger RNA ; mice ; naloxone ; nitric oxide ; nitroprusside ; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; patients ; risk
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-02
Size	p. 34-39.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	769028-9
ISSN	1873-5169 ; 0196-9781
ISSN (online)	1873-5169
ISSN	0196-9781
DOI	10.1016/j.peptides.2014.12.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A survey on preferences, attitudes, and perspectives of Italian urology trainees: implications of the novel national residency matching program.

Napolitano, Luigi / Maggi, Martina / Sampogna, Gianluca / Bianco, Marta / Campetella, Marco / Carilli, Marco / Lucci Chiarissi, Marco / Civitella, Angelo / DE Vita, Francesco / DI Maida, Fabrizio / DI Mauro, Marina / Ercolino, Amelio / Fasulo, Vittorio / Felici, Graziano / Gheza, Alberto / Guzzardo, Calogero / Loizzo, Davide / Mazzone, Elio / Parodi, Stefano /

Piramide, Federico / Rabito, Salvatore / Rizzetto, Riccardo / Romantini, Federico / Scarcella, Simone / Tedde, Matteo / Checcucci, Enrico / Esperto, Francesco / Claps, Francesco / Falagario, Ugo

Minerva urology and nephrology

2023 Volume 75, Issue 6, Page(s) 718–728

Abstract: Background: Since 2014, a new residency program selection process has been established with a national examination. The aim of this study was to assess characteristics, career goals, and practice preferences of current Italian urology residents.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Since 2014, a new residency program selection process has been established with a national examination. The aim of this study was to assess characteristics, career goals, and practice preferences of current Italian urology residents. Methods: A web-based survey of 25 items performed from May 2021 to September 2021 was sent to 585 Italian urology residents. Descriptive analyses were conducted to describe the surveys' domains: demographics characteristics, studies, plans for fellowship training, interest in the urology field, and career expectations. Results: Four hundred and one residents completed the online survey (response rate 68.5%). Most residents were male (70.3%), with a median of 29 (IQR 28-31) years. Urology was the first chosen School in 325 (81.0%) cases, and 174 (43.4%) trainees have chosen to remain in the same University. Uro-oncology was the main field, and endourology the main subspeciality of interest, respectively. More than 40.0% of residents expressed a good level of satisfaction for the training urological course. 232 (57.2%) residents were strongly interested in seeking a hospital career, followed by private career (43.4%) and academic career (20%). Conclusions: After the introduction of the novel national residency matching program the Italian Urology trainees showed a good satisfaction level. Further improvements of the Italian residency programs should be focused on the training network within and outside the main School of Urology.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Urology/education ; Internship and Residency ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Attitude ; Italy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3062840-4
ISSN	2724-6442
ISSN (online)	2724-6442
DOI	10.23736/S2724-6051.23.05257-6
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Article: Functional interference of dexamethasone on some morphine effects: hypothesis for the steroid-opioid interaction.

Capasso, Anna / Loizzo, Alberto

Recent patents on CNS drug discovery

2008 Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) 138–150

Abstract: The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) and its interaction with morphine has been studied on transmurally-stimulated guinea-pig ileum preparation, gastrointestinal transit and analgesia. TRANSMURALLY-STIMULATED GUINEA-PIG ILEUM PREPARATION: DEX dose- ... ...

Abstract	The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) and its interaction with morphine has been studied on transmurally-stimulated guinea-pig ileum preparation, gastrointestinal transit and analgesia. TRANSMURALLY-STIMULATED GUINEA-PIG ILEUM PREPARATION: DEX dose-dependently reduced the contractions of the ileum. Proteic synthesis inhibitors did not modify the inhibition induced by DEX whereas RU-38486, a glucocorticoid antagonist receptor, antagonized completely the inhibitory effect of DEX. GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT: DEX was found to antagonize morphine-, atropine- and verapamil-induced constipation. Cycloheximide does not modify the DEX effects. RU-38486 reverses both the inhibitory action of DEX on gastrointestinal transit and its reducing effect on morphine-induced constipation. Analgesia: DEX reduced the antinociception induced by mu agonists, morphine, DAMGO and beta endorphin whereas the steroid exerted little or no influence on the antinociception induced by a delta1 agonist, DPDPE and delta2 agonist deltorphin II. DEX potentiated the antinociception induced by the K agonist, U50,488. Cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, prevented the antagonism by DEX of responses to the mu opioid agonists. Finally, i.c.v. injection of DEX significantly reduced morphine analgesia in Swiss mice whereas no effects were observed in DBA/2J and C57BL/6 mice. In addition, i.p. injection of DEX significantly reduced morphine analgesia in all three strains. Our data indicate that in the rodent brain there is an important functional interaction between the corticosteroid and the opioid systems at least at the mu. receptor level, while delta and K receptors are modulated in different ways. These results, particularly the effects of drug interaction for i.c.v. administration, strongly confirm a central site for DEX and RU 38486 action as well as the use of different genetic strains may provide a useful approach for studying DEX-morphine analgesia interaction.
MeSH term(s)	Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Dexamethasone/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Interactions ; Gastrointestinal Transit/drug effects ; Glucocorticoids/pharmacology ; Guinea Pigs ; Hormone Antagonists/pharmacology ; Ileum/drug effects ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mice ; Mifepristone/pharmacology ; Morphine/pharmacology ; Narcotics/pharmacology ; Pain Measurement/methods ; Pain Threshold/drug effects ; Reaction Time/drug effects ; Statistics, Nonparametric
Chemical Substances	Glucocorticoids ; Hormone Antagonists ; Narcotics ; Mifepristone (320T6RNW1F) ; Morphine (76I7G6D29C) ; Dexamethasone (7S5I7G3JQL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-05-31
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2253602-4
ISSN	2212-3954 ; 1574-8898
ISSN (online)	2212-3954
ISSN	1574-8898
DOI	10.2174/157488908784534612
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