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Article ; Online: Ethical and Clinical Considerations During the Coronavirus Era.

McGee, Maria E / Edelsohn, Gail A / Keener, Matthew T / Madaan, Vishal / Soda, Takahiro / Bacewicz, Aleksandra / Dell, Mary Lynn

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

2020 Volume 60, Issue 3, Page(s) 332–335

Abstract: The practice of child and adolescent psychiatry is evolving during an unprecedented global health catastrophe, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As child and adolescent psychiatrists grapple with COVID-19's enormous medical, educational, ... ...

Abstract	The practice of child and adolescent psychiatry is evolving during an unprecedented global health catastrophe, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As child and adolescent psychiatrists grapple with COVID-19's enormous medical, educational, social, and economic toll, a mental health crisis is co-occurring. Pre-existing disparities are recognized as contributors to the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on racial and ethnic minorities.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adolescent Psychiatry/ethics ; COVID-19/psychology ; Child ; Child Psychiatry/ethics ; Family Health ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Pandemics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	392535-3
ISSN	1527-5418 ; 0890-8567
ISSN (online)	1527-5418
ISSN	0890-8567
DOI	10.1016/j.jaac.2020.12.010
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Article: Neuroimaging in bipolar disorder: a critical review of current findings.

Keener, Matthew T / Phillips, Mary L

Current psychiatry reports

2008 Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) 512–520

Abstract: Bipolar I disorder (BPI) is among the top 10 most debilitating illnesses globally. In this critical review, we first review recent functional neuroimaging findings in two core domains of pathology in BPI: emotion processing and executive control. These ... ...

Abstract	Bipolar I disorder (BPI) is among the top 10 most debilitating illnesses globally. In this critical review, we first review recent functional neuroimaging findings in two core domains of pathology in BPI: emotion processing and executive control. These abnormalities in core domains represent potential endophenotypes of the illness. We then show that an emerging number of studies have demonstrated that neuroimaging can help to identify endophenotypic markers whose identification would help to clarify diagnosis and discriminate the depression in BPI from that of unipolar depression and identify at-risk individuals who will subsequently develop the illness (to facilitate early intervention). We end by reviewing the new directions in neuroimaging in BPI, including studies of children with bipolar disorder, potential medication effects, and the use of newer neuroimaging techniques to help us achieve the previously mentioned goals of improving BPI patients' mental well-being.
MeSH term(s)	Bipolar Disorder/diagnosis ; Bipolar Disorder/epidemiology ; Bipolar Disorder/physiopathology ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/physiopathology ; Cognition Disorders/epidemiology ; Expressed Emotion ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetoencephalography ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Remission Induction
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-01-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2055376-6
ISSN	1523-3812
ISSN	1523-3812
DOI	10.1007/s11920-007-0070-2
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Zs.A 5520: Show issues

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Book ; Online: Incorporating Crowdsourced Annotator Distributions into Ensemble Modeling to Improve Classification Trustworthiness for Ancient Greek Papyri

West, Graham / Swindall, Matthew I. / Keener, Ben / Player, Timothy / Williams, Alex C. / Brusuelas, James H. / Wallin, John F.

2022

Abstract: Performing classification on noisy, crowdsourced image datasets can prove challenging even for the best neural networks. Two issues which complicate the problem on such datasets are class imbalance and ground-truth uncertainty in labeling. The AL-ALL and ...

Abstract	Performing classification on noisy, crowdsourced image datasets can prove challenging even for the best neural networks. Two issues which complicate the problem on such datasets are class imbalance and ground-truth uncertainty in labeling. The AL-ALL and AL-PUB datasets - consisting of tightly cropped, individual characters from images of ancient Greek papyri - are strongly affected by both issues. The application of ensemble modeling to such datasets can help identify images where the ground-truth is questionable and quantify the trustworthiness of those samples. As such, we apply stacked generalization consisting of nearly identical ResNets with different loss functions: one utilizing sparse cross-entropy (CXE) and the other Kullback-Liebler Divergence (KLD). Both networks use labels drawn from a crowd-sourced consensus. This consensus is derived from a Normalized Distribution of Annotations (NDA) based on all annotations for a given character in the dataset. For the second network, the KLD is calculated with respect to the NDA. For our ensemble model, we apply a k-nearest neighbors model to the outputs of the CXE and KLD networks. Individually, the ResNet models have approximately 93% accuracy, while the ensemble model achieves an accuracy of > 95%, increasing the classification trustworthiness. We also perform an analysis of the Shannon entropy of the various models' output distributions to measure classification uncertainty. Our results suggest that entropy is useful for predicting model misclassifications.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2022-10-28
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Intraoperative Topical Antibiotics for Infection Prophylaxis in Pelvic and Acetabular Surgery.

Owen, Matthew T / Keener, Emily M / Hyde, Zane B / Crabtree, Reaves M / Hudson, Parke W / Griffin, Russell L / Lowe, Jason A

Journal of orthopaedic trauma

2017 Volume 31, Issue 11, Page(s) 589–594

Abstract: Objectives: To determine if topical vancomycin and tobramycin powder reduces the incidence of surgical site infection after pelvic ring and acetabulum fracture surgery.: Design: Retrospective cohort study.: Setting: University of Alabama at ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To determine if topical vancomycin and tobramycin powder reduces the incidence of surgical site infection after pelvic ring and acetabulum fracture surgery. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Academic Level I Trauma Center. Patients/participants: Two hundred nineteen patients (140 meeting inclusion criteria) with pelvic and acetabular fractures who underwent open reduction and internal fixation from March 2012 to November 2013. Intervention: One gram vancomycin and 1.2 g tobramycin powder applied deep in the surgical wound of the treatment group. Main outcome measurements: Postoperative infection rate. Results: One hundred forty patients were included. Control group (n = 69) and treatment group (n = 71) were similar for sex, age, ethnicity, and body mass index. There was no difference between groups with regards to renal function postoperative day 2 (P = 0.24). The risk of infection was 14.5% and 4.2% (P = 0.04) for the control and treatment groups, respectively. No significant effect of antibiotic treatment was observed overall after adjusting for EBL (odds ratio 0.20, 95% confidence interval, 0.02-1.06). Of note, a nonsignificant 71% increase was observed among those with ≥1 L EBL (odds ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval, 0.02-147.02). Conclusions: Topical antibiotics possibly reduce the incidence of surgical site infection after open pelvic and acetabulum fixation without increasing risk of renal impairment. The protective effect of topical antibiotics may be limited to patients with minimal intraoperative blood loss. Level of evidence: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
MeSH term(s)	Academic Medical Centers ; Acetabulum/injuries ; Acetabulum/surgery ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis/methods ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Confidence Intervals ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/adverse effects ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods ; Fracture Healing/physiology ; Humans ; Intraoperative Care/methods ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Pelvic Bones/injuries ; Pelvic Bones/surgery ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639099-7
ISSN	1531-2291 ; 0890-5339
ISSN (online)	1531-2291
ISSN	0890-5339
DOI	10.1097/BOT.0000000000000941
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Article ; Online: Amygdala and whole-brain activity to emotional faces distinguishes major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.

Fournier, Jay C / Keener, Matthew T / Almeida, Jorge / Kronhaus, Dina M / Phillips, Mary L

Bipolar disorders

2013 Volume 15, Issue 7, Page(s) 741–752

Abstract: Objectives: It can be clinically difficult to distinguish depressed individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). To examine potential biomarkers of difference between the two disorders, the current study examined ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: It can be clinically difficult to distinguish depressed individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). To examine potential biomarkers of difference between the two disorders, the current study examined differences in the functioning of emotion-processing neural regions during a dynamic emotional faces task. Methods: During functional magnetic resonance imaging, healthy control adults (HC) (n = 29) and depressed adults with MDD (n = 30) and BD (n = 22) performed an implicit emotional-faces task in which they identified a color label superimposed on neutral faces that dynamically morphed into one of four emotional faces (angry, fearful, sad, happy). We compared neural activation between the groups in an amygdala region-of-interest and at the whole-brain level. Results: Adults with MDD showed significantly greater activity than adults with BD in the left amygdala to the anger condition (p = 0.01). Results of whole-brain analyses (at p < 0.005, k ≥ 20) revealed that adults with BD showed greater activity to sad faces in temporoparietal regions, primarily in the left hemisphere, whereas individuals with MDD demonstrated greater activity than those with BD to displays of anger, fear, and happiness. Many of the observed BD-MDD differences represented abnormalities in functioning compared to HC. Conclusions: We observed a dissociation between depressed adults with BD and MDD in the processing of emerging emotional faces. Those with BD showed greater activity during mood-congruent (i.e., sad) faces, whereas those with MDD showed greater activity for mood-incongruent (i.e., fear, anger, and happy) faces. Such findings may reflect markers of differences between BD and MDD depression in underlying pathophysiological processes.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Amygdala/blood supply ; Amygdala/pathology ; Analysis of Variance ; Bipolar Disorder/diagnosis ; Brain/blood supply ; Brain/pathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Emotions/physiology ; Facial Expression ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Oxygen/blood ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Photic Stimulation ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Oxygen (S88TT14065)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08-01
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1472242-2
ISSN	1399-5618 ; 1398-5647
ISSN (online)	1399-5618
ISSN	1398-5647
DOI	10.1111/bdi.12106
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Zs.A 5604: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Functional neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder: examining the wide clinical spectrum in the search for disease endophenotypes.

Pan, Lisa / Keener, Matthew T / Hassel, Stefanie / Phillips, Mary L

International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England)

2009 Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 368–379

Abstract: Bipolar disorder (BP) is among the top ten most disabling illnesses worldwide. This review includes findings from recent studies employing functional neuroimaging to examine functional abnormalities in neural systems underlying core domains of the ... ...

Abstract	Bipolar disorder (BP) is among the top ten most disabling illnesses worldwide. This review includes findings from recent studies employing functional neuroimaging to examine functional abnormalities in neural systems underlying core domains of the psychopathology in BP: emotion processing, emotion regulation and executive control, and common comorbid features of BP, that are relevant to the wide spectrum of BP rather than focused on the more traditional BPI subtype, and that may facilitate future identification of diagnostically-relevant biomarkers of the disorder. In addition, an emerging number of studies are reviewed that demonstrate the use of neuroimaging to elucidate biomarkers whose identification may help to (1) identify at-risk individuals who will subsequently develop the illness to facilitate early intervention, (2) identify targets for treatment and markers of treatment response. The use of newer neuroimaging techniques and potential confounds of psychotropic medication upon neuroimaging findings in BP are also examined. These approaches will help to improve diagnosis and the mental well-being of all individuals with BP.
MeSH term(s)	Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use ; Antimanic Agents/therapeutic use ; Bipolar Disorder/diagnosis ; Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy ; Bipolar Disorder/physiopathology ; Bipolar Disorder/psychology ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dominance, Cerebral/physiology ; Emotions/physiology ; Executive Function/physiology ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetoencephalography ; Nerve Net/physiopathology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Phenotype ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Anticonvulsants ; Antimanic Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2009
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1018090-4
ISSN	1369-1627 ; 0954-0261
ISSN (online)	1369-1627
ISSN	0954-0261
DOI	10.1080/09540260902962164
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Zs.A 2819: Show issues

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Article: Evaluating Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis: The Relative Impact of Patient Age, Activity Level, Symptoms, and Kellgren-Lawrence Grade on Treatment.

Schumaier, Adam / Abboud, Joseph / Grawe, Brian / Horneff, J Gabriel / Getz, Charles / Romeo, Anthony / Keener, Jay / Friedman, Richard / Yian, Ed / Muh, Stephanie / Nicholson, Gregory / Delaney, Ruth / Otto, Randall / William, William / Tokish, J T / Williams, Gerald / Kazanjian, Jack / Dines, Joshua / Ramsey, Matthew /

Green, Andrew / Paxton, Scott / Namdari, Surena / Flanagin, Brody / Hasan, Samer / Kaar, Scott / Miniaci, Anthony / Cuomo, Frances

The archives of bone and joint surgery

2019 Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) 151–160

Abstract: Background: It is not always clear how to treat glenohumeral osteoarthritis, particularly in young patients. The goals of this study were to 1) quantify how patient age, activity level, symptoms, and radiographic findings impact the decision-making of ... ...

Abstract	Background: It is not always clear how to treat glenohumeral osteoarthritis, particularly in young patients. The goals of this study were to 1) quantify how patient age, activity level, symptoms, and radiographic findings impact the decision-making of shoulder specialists and 2) evaluate the observer reliability of the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system for primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder. Methods: Twenty-six shoulder surgeons were each sent 54 simulated patient cases. Each patient had a different combination of age, symptoms, activity level, and radiographs. Responders graded the radiographs and chose a treatment (non-operative, arthroscopy, hemiarthroplasty, or total shoulder arthroplasty). Spearman correlations and chi square tests were used to assess the relationship between factors and treatments. Sub-analysis was performed on surgical cases. An intra-class correlation (ICC) was used to assess observer agreement. Results: The significant correlations ( Conclusion: When evaluating glenohumeral osteoarthritis, patient symptoms and KL grade are the factors most strongly associated with treatment. In operative cases, the factors most strongly associated with the choice of operation were the patient's KL grade and age. Additionally, the KL classification demonstrated excellent observer reliability. However, there was only moderate agreement among shoulder specialists regarding treatment, indicating that this remains a controversial topic.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-21
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2782053-1
ISSN	2345-461X ; 2345-4644
ISSN (online)	2345-461X
ISSN	2345-4644
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Article: Differences in word associations to pictures and words.

Saffran, Eleanor M / Coslett, H Branch / Keener, Matthew T

Neuropsychologia

2003 Volume 41, Issue 11, Page(s) 1541–1546

Abstract: Normal subjects were asked to produce the "first word that comes to mind" in response to pictures or words that differed with respect to manipulability and animacy. In separate analyses across subjects and items, normal subjects produced a significantly ... ...

Abstract	Normal subjects were asked to produce the "first word that comes to mind" in response to pictures or words that differed with respect to manipulability and animacy. In separate analyses across subjects and items, normal subjects produced a significantly higher proportion of action words (that is, verbs) to pictures as compared to words, to manipulable as compared to non-manipulable stimuli and to inanimate as compared to animate stimuli. The largest proportion of action words was elicited by pictures of non-living, manipulable objects. Furthermore, associates to words matched standard word associates significantly more often than those elicited by pictures. These data suggest that pictures and words initially contact different forms of conceptual information and are consistent with an account of semantic organization that assumes that information is distributed across different domains reflecting the mode of acquisition of that knowledge.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Association Learning ; Female ; Form Perception ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Processes/physiology ; Mental Recall ; Middle Aged ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Reaction Time ; Reading ; Reference Values ; Semantics ; Verbal Behavior ; Word Association Tests
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-05-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	207151-4
ISSN	1873-3514 ; 0028-3932
ISSN (online)	1873-3514
ISSN	0028-3932
DOI	10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00080-0
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Zs.A 524: Show issues

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Article: Nanoscale adhesion, friction and wear studies of biomolecules on silicon based surfaces.

Bhushan, Bharat / Tokachichu, Dharma R / Keener, Matthew T / Lee, Stephen C

Acta biomaterialia

2006 Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–49

Abstract: Protein layers are deployed over the surfaces of microdevices such as biological microelectromechanical systems (bioMEMS) and bioimplants as functional layers that confer specific molecular recognition or binding properties or to facilitate ... ...

Abstract	Protein layers are deployed over the surfaces of microdevices such as biological microelectromechanical systems (bioMEMS) and bioimplants as functional layers that confer specific molecular recognition or binding properties or to facilitate biocompatibility with biological tissue. When a microdevice comes in contact with any exterior environment, like tissues and/or fluids with a variable pH, the biomolecules on its surface may get abraded. Silicon based bioMEMS are an important class of devices. Adhesion, friction and wear properties of biomolecules (e.g., proteins) on silicon based surfaces are therefore important. Adhesion was studied between streptavidin and a thermally grown silica substrate in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution with various pH values as a function of the concentration of biomolecules in the solution. Friction and wear properties of streptavidin (protein) biomolecules coated on silica by direct physical adsorption and a chemical linker method were studied in PBS using the tapping mode atomic force microscopy at a range of free amplitude voltages. Fluorescence microscopy was used to study the detailed wear mechanism of the biomolecules. Based on this study, adhesion, friction and wear mechanisms of biomolecules on silicon based surfaces are discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Adhesiveness ; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; In Vitro Techniques ; Materials Testing ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Nanostructures ; Proteins/chemistry ; Silicon ; Sodium Chloride ; Streptavidin/chemistry ; Surface Properties
Chemical Substances	Biocompatible Materials ; Proteins ; Sodium Chloride (451W47IQ8X) ; Streptavidin (9013-20-1) ; Silicon (Z4152N8IUI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2173841-5
ISSN	1878-7568 ; 1742-7061
ISSN (online)	1878-7568
ISSN	1742-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.actbio.2005.08.010
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Article: Morphology and adhesion of biomolecules on silicon based surfaces.

Bhushan, Bharat / Tokachichu, Dharma R / Keener, Matthew T / Lee, Stephen C

Acta biomaterialia

2005 Volume 1, Issue 3, Page(s) 327–341

Abstract: Biomolecules such as proteins, on silicon based surfaces are of extreme importance in various applications including microfabricated silicon implants, in the fabrication of microdevices with protein compounds (e.g., biosensors), and therapeutics. ... ...

Abstract	Biomolecules such as proteins, on silicon based surfaces are of extreme importance in various applications including microfabricated silicon implants, in the fabrication of microdevices with protein compounds (e.g., biosensors), and therapeutics. Morphology of silicon based surfaces with and without biomolecules and their adhesion with the substrate govern performance and reliability of the biological application. In this research, step by step morphological changes of silicon as well as adhesion during its surface modification have been studied using atomic force microscopy. To improve adhesion between biomolecules and the silicon based surfaces, chemical conjugation as well as surface patterning have been used. Changes in adhesion as a result of surface modification have been analyzed with the help of contact angle measurements. Phase imaging technique was used to confirm the presence of biomolecules on the surface. To understand the relationship between morphology and local values of adhesion, adhesion mapping and local stiffness mapping were carried out.
MeSH term(s)	Cells, Cultured ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Proteins/chemistry ; Silicon/chemistry ; Surface Properties
Chemical Substances	Proteins ; Silicon (Z4152N8IUI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2173841-5
ISSN	1878-7568 ; 1742-7061
ISSN (online)	1878-7568
ISSN	1742-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.actbio.2005.01.002
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