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  1. Book ; Online: Aging with GRACE

    Hartvigsen, Thomas / Sankaranarayanan, Swami / Palangi, Hamid / Kim, Yoon / Ghassemi, Marzyeh

    Lifelong Model Editing with Discrete Key-Value Adaptors

    2022  

    Abstract: ... degrade model performance quickly across multiple, sequential edits. We propose GRACE, a lifelong model ... impact on unrelated inputs. GRACE writes new mappings into a pre-trained model's latent space, creating ... Our code is available at https://www.github.com/thartvigsen/grace}. ...

    Abstract Deployed language models decay over time due to shifting inputs, changing user needs, or emergent world-knowledge gaps. When such problems are identified, we want to make targeted edits while avoiding expensive retraining. However, current model editors, which modify such behaviors of pre-trained models, degrade model performance quickly across multiple, sequential edits. We propose GRACE, a lifelong model editing method, which implements spot-fixes on streaming errors of a deployed model, ensuring minimal impact on unrelated inputs. GRACE writes new mappings into a pre-trained model's latent space, creating a discrete, local codebook of edits without altering model weights. This is the first method enabling thousands of sequential edits using only streaming errors. Our experiments on T5, BERT, and GPT models show GRACE's state-of-the-art performance in making and retaining edits, while generalizing to unseen inputs. Our code is available at https://www.github.com/thartvigsen/grace}.

    Comment: Accepted to NeurIPS 2023
    Keywords Computer Science - Machine Learning
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2022-11-20
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Utility of GRACE and ACUITY-HORIZONS risk scores to guide dual antiplatelet therapy in Korean patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing drug-eluting stenting.

    Sim, Doo Sun / Jeong, Myung Ho / Kim, Hyo Soo / Gwon, Hyeon Cheol / Seung, Ki Bae / Rha, Seung Woon / Chae, Shung Chull / Kim, Chong Jin / Cha, Kwang Soo / Park, Jong Sun / Yoon, Jung Han / Chae, Jei Keon / Joo, Seung Jae / Choi, Dong Ju / Hur, Seung Ho / Seong, In Whan / Cho, Myeong Chan / Kim, Doo Il / Oh, Seok Kyu /
    Ahn, Tae Hoon / Hwang, Jin Yong

    Journal of cardiology

    2018  Volume 72, Issue 5, Page(s) 411–419

    Abstract: ... drug-eluting stents (DES). However, bleeding risk should be weighed against ischemic risk. Utility of GRACE risk score ... compared according to GRACE and ACUITY-HORIZONS scores. Patients who received thrombolysis, prasugrel or ... to low-to-moderate risk GRACE score (5.1% vs. 7.9%, p=0.04). When combined with ACUITY-HORIZONS bleeding ...

    Abstract Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is recommended in patients receiving drug-eluting stents (DES). However, bleeding risk should be weighed against ischemic risk. Utility of GRACE risk score and ACUITY-HORIZONS bleeding risk score was assessed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) according to use of P2Y12 blocker.
    Methods: From the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health database, 7791 patients with acute MI receiving DES were divided into ticagrelor (n=1554) and clopidogrel (n=6237) groups. Propensity-matched 12-month mortality and bleeding event rates were compared according to GRACE and ACUITY-HORIZONS scores. Patients who received thrombolysis, prasugrel or anticoagulants, or who discontinued or switched DAPT were excluded.
    Results: In all patients, high-risk patients more often received clopidogrel. After propensity score matching (n=1553 in each group), 12-month mortality was not different, but TIMI major bleeding rate was higher with ticagrelor (2.8% vs. 1.4%, p=0.007). On subgroup analysis, 12-month mortality was lower with ticagrelor in patients with high (>140) compared to low-to-moderate risk GRACE score (5.1% vs. 7.9%, p=0.04). When combined with ACUITY-HORIZONS bleeding score, 12-month mortality was lower with ticagrelor in patients with high GRACE score but without very high (≥20) ACUITY-HORIZONS score (2.4% vs. 5.3%, p=0.03).
    Conclusions: In patients with acute MI receiving DES, GRACE and ACUITY-HORIZONS scores may help guide DAPT. In patients with high GRACE score, a more potent P2Y12 blocker may be considered, particularly in the subset not at very high risk of bleeding.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Clopidogrel/adverse effects ; Decision Support Techniques ; Drug-Eluting Stents/adverse effects ; Female ; Hemorrhage/chemically induced ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/mortality ; Myocardial Infarction/therapy ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/mortality ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Propensity Score ; Registries ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data ; Ticagrelor/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Clopidogrel (A74586SNO7) ; Ticagrelor (GLH0314RVC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639364-0
    ISSN 1876-4738 ; 0386-2887 ; 0914-5087
    ISSN (online) 1876-4738
    ISSN 0386-2887 ; 0914-5087
    DOI 10.1016/j.jjcc.2018.04.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Eyelid reconstruction

    Freitag, Suzanne K. / Lee, N. Grace / Lefebvre, Daniel R. / Yoon, Michael K.

    2020  

    Author's details Suzanne K. Freitag, N. Grace Lee, Daniel R. Lefebvre, Michael K. Yoon
    Keywords Electronic books
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 120 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Publisher Thieme
    Publishing place New York
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT020355332
    ISBN 978-1-62623-824-4 ; 9781626238237 ; 1-62623-824-3 ; 1626238235
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  4. Book ; Online ; E-Book: Ophthalmic plastic surgery

    Freitag, Suzanne K. / Lee, N. Grace / Lefebvre, Daniel R. / Yoon, Michael K.

    tricks of the trade

    2020  

    Author's details Suzanne K. Freitag, N. Grace Lee, Daniel R. Lefebvre, Michael K. Yoon
    Keywords Electronic books
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 288 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Publisher Thieme
    Publishing place New York
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Book ; Online ; E-Book
    Remark Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
    HBZ-ID HT020431745
    ISBN 978-1-62623-898-5 ; 9781626238978 ; 1-62623-898-7 ; 1626238979
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  5. Article ; Online: Cu(II) salts as terminal oxidants in visible-light photochemical oxidation reactions.

    Lutovsky, Grace A / Yoon, Tehshik P

    Organic & biomolecular chemistry

    2023  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 25–36

    Abstract: Photochemistry provides an important platform for the discovery of synthetically useful transformations. The development of new oxidative photoreactions, however, has proven to be relatively challenging. The importance of the identity of the terminal ... ...

    Abstract Photochemistry provides an important platform for the discovery of synthetically useful transformations. The development of new oxidative photoreactions, however, has proven to be relatively challenging. The importance of the identity of the terminal oxidant has been an underappreciated consideration in the design of these reactions. Many of the most common terminal oxidants used in ground-state catalytic methods are poorly compatible with the one-electron oxidation state changes characteristic of photoredox reactions and result in hard-to-control deleterious side reactions. As an alternative, Cu(II) salts have emerged as versatile terminal oxidants in photochemical oxidation reactions that are terrestrially abundant, cost-effective, and readily compatible with one-electron oxidation state changes. This review highlights recent reaction methods that leverage Cu(II) oxidation in combination with the photochemical activation of substrates or that use Cu(II) salts as both the active chromophore and terminal oxidant.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2097583-1
    ISSN 1477-0539 ; 1477-0520
    ISSN (online) 1477-0539
    ISSN 1477-0520
    DOI 10.1039/d3ob01678a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Autoimmunity in Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis.

    Choung, Hae Yoon Grace / Grewal, Rickinder

    Glomerular diseases

    2022  Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) 32–41

    Abstract: Introduction: Autoimmune (AI) reactivity in the setting of infection-related GN (IRGN) is often viewed as an epiphenomenon and is not well described.: Methods: We report a cohort of 17 patients with IRGN during a 7-year period that highlights cases ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Autoimmune (AI) reactivity in the setting of infection-related GN (IRGN) is often viewed as an epiphenomenon and is not well described.
    Methods: We report a cohort of 17 patients with IRGN during a 7-year period that highlights cases with AI reactivity and describes the clinical and pathologic characteristics of IRGN cases associated with AI reactivity.
    Results: Of the IRGN cases, 76% had clinical evidence of an autoimmune disease (AD) and/or positive AI serologies. Within the IRGN group with AI reactivity, 12 had positive AI serologies (92%) and 10 had AD (77%). 30% had a prior diagnosis of AD, while the remaining 70% did not have a history of AD and were either diagnosed or suspected of having an AD at the time of biopsy. The most common autoantibody detected was anti-nuclear antibody followed by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and autoantibodies associated with antiphospholipid syndrome.
    Conclusion: The study is not sufficiently powered to determine any significance but demonstrates the frequency with which AI features occur in IRGN and should prompt further future investigation. In summary, our findings suggest AI manifestations are common in IRGN.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2673-3633
    ISSN (online) 2673-3633
    DOI 10.1159/000528712
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Allylic Amination of Highly Substituted Alkenes Enabled by Photoredox Catalysis and Cu(II)-Mediated Radical-Polar Crossover.

    Lutovsky, Grace A / Plachinski, Ellie F / Reed, Nicholas L / Yoon, Tehshik P

    Organic letters

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 25, Page(s) 4750–4754

    Abstract: Allylic amination reactions enable the conversion of alkene feedstocks into value-added products with significant synthetic versatility. Here we describe a method for allylic amination involving photoredox activation and Cu(II)-mediated radical-polar ... ...

    Abstract Allylic amination reactions enable the conversion of alkene feedstocks into value-added products with significant synthetic versatility. Here we describe a method for allylic amination involving photoredox activation and Cu(II)-mediated radical-polar crossover. A range of structurally varied allylic amines can be accessed using this strategy. The regioselectivity of this process is complementary to those of conventional methods for allylic amination.
    MeSH term(s) Amination ; Alkenes ; Amines ; Catalysis
    Chemical Substances Alkenes ; Amines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1523-7052
    ISSN (online) 1523-7052
    DOI 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01774
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Comparing situational influences on differential healthcare utilization trajectories in patients on home palliative care: A qualitative study.

    Yoon, Sungwon / Goh, Hendra / Yeo, Zhi Zheng / Yang, Grace Meijuan / Chong, Poh Heng / Zhuang, Qingyuan

    Palliative & supportive care

    2024  , Page(s) 1–8

    Abstract: Objectives: Patients with terminal cancer receiving home palliative care present differential healthcare utilization trajectories before death. It remains unclear which situational elements influence these trajectories among disparate patient groups. ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Patients with terminal cancer receiving home palliative care present differential healthcare utilization trajectories before death. It remains unclear which situational elements influence these trajectories among disparate patient groups. The aim of this study was to compare situational influences on "persistently high" and "low stable" trajectories of healthcare utilization in patients who received palliative care support at home.
    Methods: Bereaved family caregivers were recruited from our prior quantitative study investigating healthcare utilization trajectories in oncology patients on home-based palliative care. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 family caregivers. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
    Results: Analysis of data uncovered how the 2 utilization trajectories were influenced by the interplay of 1 or more of 4 situational elements. Perceived symptom control in patients, influenced by their determination to die at home, shapes the susceptibility to situational contingencies, resulting in differential utilization trajectories. Caregivers' mental readiness in dealing with unexpected circumstances has a significant impact on the overall manageability of care, ultimately affecting decisions related to healthcare utilization. The concordance between symptom needs and scope of homecare services in a given situation proves to be an important determinant. Lastly, perceived accessibility to informal support in times of need acts as a contextual reinforcement, either preventing or precipitating decisions regarding healthcare utilizations.
    Significance of results: Our findings hold important implications for the provision of homecare services, in particular, the need for comprehensive assessment of end-of-life wishes during homecare enrolment and strengthening psychological preparedness of caregivers. Expansion of home-based clinical interventions tailored to high utilizers, and funding for temporary in-home respite should be considered to optimally manage potentially preventable acute healthcare utilization.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2454009-2
    ISSN 1478-9523 ; 1478-9515
    ISSN (online) 1478-9523
    ISSN 1478-9515
    DOI 10.1017/S1478951524000014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Differences in trends of perceived inpatient care quality based on regional socioeconomic level in the United States and Taiwan.

    Yoon, Grace H / Cheng, Shou-Hsia

    Health services research

    2021  Volume 56 Suppl 3, Page(s) 1418–1428

    Abstract: Objective: To examine perceived inpatient care quality according to regional socioeconomic status (SES), measured by regional household income, across the United States and Taiwan.: Data sources: Patient Experience in Hospital Care (PEHC) survey 2018- ...

    Abstract Objective: To examine perceived inpatient care quality according to regional socioeconomic status (SES), measured by regional household income, across the United States and Taiwan.
    Data sources: Patient Experience in Hospital Care (PEHC) survey 2018-2019 data from National Taiwan University; US Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) 2018-2019 data from CMS.gov; and household income and facility data from publicly accessible databases.
    Study design: This retrospective study used multivariate logistic regression to estimate the effect of household income on the rate of positive inpatient experiences in Taiwan and the United States, adjusting for hospitals' teaching status and ownership, and physician density.
    Data collection: Hospital administrators for HCAHPS and PEHC's research teams invited patients who received inpatient care during the data collection period in the United States and Taiwan, respectively. The analysis included 1024 facilities from nine US states and 350 facilities from twenty major cities/counties in Taiwan.
    Principal findings: Perceived inpatient care quality was higher in the United States than in Taiwan for the three experience measures. In Taiwan, hospitals with higher regional SES were less likely to receive a highly positive response for perceived respect, accommodation quality, and understanding upon discharge, with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 0.83 to 0.88. In contrast, in the United States, higher regional SES was associated with a higher likelihood of a positive response for accommodation quality and understanding upon discharge (ORs = 2.51 and 1.48). Regional physician density and individual hospital characteristics show varying effects on perceived quality between Taiwan and the United States.
    Conclusions: Higher overall experience scores in the United States are consistent with higher spending on health care compared with Taiwan. Varying associations between regional SES and perceived inpatient care quality highlight how systemic and cultural differences between the two countries affect scoring patterns.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Inpatients/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data ; Quality of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Taiwan ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 410435-3
    ISSN 1475-6773 ; 0017-9124
    ISSN (online) 1475-6773
    ISSN 0017-9124
    DOI 10.1111/1475-6773.13872
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Segmental membranous nephropathy.

    Choung, Hae Yoon Grace / Goldman, Bruce

    Clinical and experimental nephrology

    2021  Volume 25, Issue 7, Page(s) 700–707

    Abstract: Most cases of membranous nephropathy (MGN) present with global and diffuse distribution of subepithelial deposits. However, segmental MGN, in which there is focal or diffuse segmental subepithelial deposits, are occasionally encountered. The clinical and ...

    Abstract Most cases of membranous nephropathy (MGN) present with global and diffuse distribution of subepithelial deposits. However, segmental MGN, in which there is focal or diffuse segmental subepithelial deposits, are occasionally encountered. The clinical and pathologic significance of segmental MGN is not well understood and thought to be more likely due to either early or resolving phase of the global form of MGN. Several case reports and literature available suggest that it may be a manifestation of secondary causes based on pathologic features such as presence of C1q and mesangial deposits, extra-glomerular deposits involving tubular basement membranes, absence of PLA2R and THSD7A, IgG1 and IgG3 subclass dominance, and the presence of other co-existing renal disease. Other reports, however, suggest that some of these cases may be a variant of the primary form of MGN. In this review, we integrate what is known about segmental MGN in order to better direct interpretation of renal biopsies in which it is identified.
    MeSH term(s) Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/immunology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/pathology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Kidney/pathology
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-23
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1338768-6
    ISSN 1437-7799 ; 1342-1751
    ISSN (online) 1437-7799
    ISSN 1342-1751
    DOI 10.1007/s10157-021-02056-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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