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Article ; Online: Risk Factors for Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus.

Prasad, Mona / Saade, George R / Clifton, Rebecca G / Sandoval, Grecio J / Hughes, Brenna L / Reddy, Uma M / Bartholomew, Anna / Salazar, Ashley / Chien, Edward K / Tita, Alan T N / Thorp, John M / Metz, Torri D / Wapner, Ronald J / Sabharwal, Vishakha / Simhan, Hyagriv N / Swamy, Geeta K / Heyborne, Kent D / Sibai, Baha M / Grobman, William A /

El-Sayed, Yasser Y / Casey, Brian M / Parry, Samuel / Rathore, Mobeen / Diaz-Velasco, Rodrigo / Puga, Ana M / Wiznia, Andrew / Kovacs, Andrea / Garry, David J / Macones, George A

Obstetrics and gynecology

2023 Volume 142, Issue 3, Page(s) 449–456

Abstract: Objective: To estimate the rate of perinatal transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection ...

Abstract	Objective: To estimate the rate of perinatal transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, to identify risk factors for perinatal transmission of HCV infection, and to determine the viremic threshold for perinatal transmission. Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, observational study of pregnant individuals at less than 24 weeks of gestation screened for HCV infection from 2012 to 2018 in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Individuals found to be HCV antibody-positive were followed throughout pregnancy. Children were followed for evidence of perinatal transmission at 2-6 months (HCV RNA testing) and at 18-24 months (HCV RNA and antibody testing) of life. The primary outcome was perinatal transmission, defined as positive test results at either follow-up time point. Results: A total of 109,379 individuals were screened for HCV infection. Of the 1,224 participants who screened positive, 772 (63.1%) enrolled and 432 of those 772 (56.0%) had data available to assess primary outcome. The overall rate of perinatal transmission was 6.0% (26/432, 95% CI 4.0-8.7%). All children with HCV infection were born to individuals with demonstrable viremia. In viremic participants (n=314), the perinatal transmission rate was 8.0% (95% CI 5.2-11.5%). Risk factors for perinatal transmission included HCV RNA greater than 106 international units/mL (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.22, 95% CI 3.16-21.4) and vaginal bleeding reported at any time before delivery (aOR 3.26, 95% CI 1.32-8.03). A viremic threshold for perinatal transmission could not be established. Conclusion: Perinatal transmission of HCV infection was limited to viremic individuals. High viral loads and antepartum bleeding were associated with perinatal transmission.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Prospective Studies ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; RNA ; Uterine Hemorrhage
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	207330-4
ISSN	1873-233X ; 0029-7844
ISSN (online)	1873-233X
ISSN	0029-7844
DOI	10.1097/AOG.0000000000005306
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Article ; Online: High prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus infection among people who use crack cocaine in an important international drug trafficking route in Central-West Region Brazil.

Castro, Vivianne de Oliveira Landgraf de / Kamili, Saleem / Forbi, Joseph C / Stabile, Andréa Cristina / da Silva, Elizeu Ferreira / do Valle Leone de Oliveira, Sandra Maria / de Carvalho, Paula Renata Tedesco / Puga, Marco Antonio Moreira / Tanaka, Tayana Serpa Ortiz / do Lago, Bárbara Vieira / Ibanhes, Mary Luiza / Araujo, Aufra / Tejada-Strop, Alexandra / Lin, Yulin / Xia, Guo-Liang / Sue, Amanda / Teles, Sheila Araújo / Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases

2020 Volume 85, Page(s) 104488

Abstract: ... of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were determined among people who use crack from an international drug ...

Abstract	In this study, the prevalence rate, associated risk factors and genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were determined among people who use crack from an international drug trafficking route in Central-West, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 700 users of crack from Campo Grande and two border cities of Mato Grosso do Sul State and tested for HCV infection using serological and molecular testing methodologies. Anti-HCV was detected in 31/700 (4.5%, 95% CI: 2.9-6.0%) and HCV RNA in 26/31 (83.9%) of anti-HCV positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis of three HCV sub-genomic regions (5'UTR, NS5B and HVR-1) revealed the circulation of 1a (73.9%), 1b (8.7%) and 3a (17.4%) genotypes. Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of intra-host viral populations of HCV HVR-1 showed a significant variation in intra-host genetic diversity among infected individuals, with 58.8% composed of more than one sub-population. Bayesian analysis estimated that the most recent common HCV ancestor for strains identified here was introduced to this region after 1975 following expansion of intravenous drug use in Brazil. Multivariate analyses showed that only 'ever having injected drugs' was independently associated with HCV infection. These results indicate an increasing spread of multiple HCV strains requiring public health intervention, such as harm reduction, testing services and treatment among crack users in this important border region of Central Brazil.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Crack Cocaine ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Trafficking/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C Antibodies/blood ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Phylogeny ; Prevalence ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/blood ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Crack Cocaine ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2037068-4
ISSN	1567-7257 ; 1567-1348
ISSN (online)	1567-7257
ISSN	1567-1348
DOI	10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104488
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Article ; Online: The C-Terminal Transactivation Domain of STAT1 Has a Gene-Specific Role in Transactivation and Cofactor Recruitment.

Parrini, Matthias / Meissl, Katrin / Ola, Mojoyinola Joanna / Lederer, Therese / Puga, Ana / Wienerroither, Sebastian / Kovarik, Pavel / Decker, Thomas / Müller, Mathias / Strobl, Birgit

Frontiers in immunology

2018 Volume 9, Page(s) 2879

Abstract: ... isoforms, which differ in regard to the C-terminal transactivation domain (TAD). STAT1β lacks the C ... unclear. By using macrophages from mice that only express STAT1β, we investigated the role of the C ... to IFNγ. We show that the STAT1 C-terminal TAD is absolutely required for the recruitment of RNA ...

Abstract	STAT1 has a key role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity by inducing transcriptional changes in response to cytokines, such as all types of interferons (IFN). STAT1 exist as two splice isoforms, which differ in regard to the C-terminal transactivation domain (TAD). STAT1β lacks the C-terminal TAD and has been previously reported to be a weaker transcriptional activator than STAT1α, although this was strongly dependent on the target gene. The mechanism of this context-dependent effects remained unclear. By using macrophages from mice that only express STAT1β, we investigated the role of the C-terminal TAD during the distinct steps of transcriptional activation of selected target genes in response to IFNγ. We show that the STAT1 C-terminal TAD is absolutely required for the recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and for the establishment of active histone marks at the class II major histocompatibility complex transactivator (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics ; GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Histone Code ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit/genetics ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit/metabolism ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Primary Cell Culture ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Protein Domains/immunology ; Protein Isoforms/genetics ; Protein Isoforms/immunology ; Protein Isoforms/metabolism ; RNA Polymerase II/metabolism ; STAT1 Transcription Factor/genetics ; STAT1 Transcription Factor/immunology ; STAT1 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; STAT2 Transcription Factor/genetics ; STAT2 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/genetics ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation/immunology
Chemical Substances	IRF9 protein, mouse ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit ; MHC class II transactivator protein ; Nuclear Proteins ; Protein Isoforms ; STAT1 Transcription Factor ; STAT2 Transcription Factor ; Stat1 protein, mouse ; Stat2 protein, mouse ; Trans-Activators ; RNA Polymerase II (EC 2.7.7.-) ; GTP-Binding Proteins (EC 3.6.1.-) ; Gbp2 protein, mouse (EC 3.6.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2018.02879
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Article ; Online: High-risk behaviors for hepatitis B and C infections among female sex workers.

Puga, Marco Antonio Moreira / Bandeira, Larissa Melo / Weis, Sabrina Moreira Dos Santos / Fernandes, Fernanda Rodas Pires / Castro, Lisie Souza / Tanaka, Tayana Serpa Ortiz / Rezende, Grazielli Rocha de / Teles, Sheila Araújo / Castro, Vivianne de Oliveira Landgraf de / Murat, Paula Guerra / Capelin, Gina Jonasson Mousquer / Motta-Castro, Ana Rita Coimbra

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

2018 Volume 51, Issue 2, Page(s) 198–202

Abstract: Introduction: The prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and risk behaviors among 402 female ... tested for hepatitis B and C markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two hepatitis B vaccination ... schedules were performed.: Results: The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections were 9.3% and 0.5 ...

Abstract	Introduction: The prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and risk behaviors among 402 female sex workers in Central Brazil were investigated by respondent-driven sampling. Methods: Blood samples were tested for hepatitis B and C markers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two hepatitis B vaccination schedules were performed. Results: The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections were 9.3% and 0.5%, respectively. Susceptibility to hepatitis B infection was observed in 61.5% of subjects. There was no significant difference in adherence index (p=0.52) between vaccination schedules and all participants had protective antibody titers. Conclusions: This hard-to-reach population requires hepatitis B and C surveillance.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hepacivirus/immunology ; Hepatitis B/diagnosis ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis B/prevention & control ; Hepatitis B virus/immunology ; Hepatitis C/diagnosis ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Hepatitis C/prevention & control ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk-Taking ; Sex Workers/statistics & numerical data ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/immunology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Viral Hepatitis Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038126-0
ISSN	1678-9849 ; 0037-8682
ISSN (online)	1678-9849
ISSN	0037-8682
DOI	10.1590/0037-8682-0231-2017
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Article ; Online: Painful Raynaud's mimics.

Zahn, Carleigh / Puga, Cindy / Malik, Aroosa / Khanna, Dinesh

Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology

2024 , Page(s) 101948

Abstract: Raynaud's syndrome is a common finding in many autoimmune conditions. Accurately diagnosing Raynaud's, and differentiating it from mimicking conditions, is imperative in rheumatologic diseases. Raynaud's syndrome and Raynaud's mimickers, especially ... ...

Abstract	Raynaud's syndrome is a common finding in many autoimmune conditions. Accurately diagnosing Raynaud's, and differentiating it from mimicking conditions, is imperative in rheumatologic diseases. Raynaud's syndrome and Raynaud's mimickers, especially painful Raynaud's mimickers, can prove a diagnostic challenge for the practicing rheumatologist. Painful Raynaud's mimickers can lead to increased patient stress and unnecessary medical work up; Healthcare providers need to be aware of Raynaud's mimickers when evaluating patient concerns of skin color changes and pain. The present narrative review aims to highlight Raynaud's syndrome, important painful mimickers that may be seen, diagnosis, and updated management recommendations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2052323-3
ISSN	1532-1770 ; 1521-6942
ISSN (online)	1532-1770
ISSN	1521-6942
DOI	10.1016/j.berh.2024.101948
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Article ; Online: Asthma and allergy screening in elite soccer athletes: Is it worth it?

Mota, Diogo / Martins, Carla / Puga, Nelson / Moreira, André

Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1228189-x
ISSN	1534-4436 ; 0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
ISSN (online)	1534-4436
ISSN	0003-4738 ; 1081-1206
DOI	10.1016/j.anai.2024.03.021
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Article: High prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus infection among people who use crack cocaine in an important international drug trafficking route in Central-West Region Brazil

Infection, genetics, and evolution. 2020 Nov., v. 85

2020

Abstract: ... of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were determined among people who use crack from an international drug ...

Abstract	In this study, the prevalence rate, associated risk factors and genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were determined among people who use crack from an international drug trafficking route in Central-West, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 700 users of crack from Campo Grande and two border cities of Mato Grosso do Sul State and tested for HCV infection using serological and molecular testing methodologies. Anti-HCV was detected in 31/700 (4.5%, 95% CI: 2.9–6.0%) and HCV RNA in 26/31 (83.9%) of anti-HCV positive samples. Phylogenetic analysis of three HCV sub-genomic regions (5’UTR, NS5B and HVR-1) revealed the circulation of 1a (73.9%), 1b (8.7%) and 3a (17.4%) genotypes. Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of intra-host viral populations of HCV HVR-1 showed a significant variation in intra-host genetic diversity among infected individuals, with 58.8% composed of more than one sub-population. Bayesian analysis estimated that the most recent common HCV ancestor for strains identified here was introduced to this region after 1975 following expansion of intravenous drug use in Brazil. Multivariate analyses showed that only ‘ever having injected drugs' was independently associated with HCV infection. These results indicate an increasing spread of multiple HCV strains requiring public health intervention, such as harm reduction, testing services and treatment among crack users in this important border region of Central Brazil.
Keywords	Bayesian theory ; Hepatitis C virus ; ancestry ; blood ; cocaine ; drugs ; genetic variation ; hepatitis C ; infection ; intravenous injection ; people ; phylogeny ; public health ; Brazil
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-11
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2037068-4
ISSN	1567-1348
ISSN	1567-1348
DOI	10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104488
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Article ; Online: From mono- to poly-substituted frameworks: a way of tuning the acidic character of C(c)-H in o-carborane derivatives.

Puga, Alberto V / Teixidor, Francesc / Sillanpää, Reijo / Kivekäs, Raikko / Arca, Massimiliano / Barberà, Gemma / Viñas, Clara

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)

2009 Volume 15, Issue 38, Page(s) 9755–9763

Abstract: ... according to spectroscopic data, a uniform increase in the acidic character of the C(c)-H (C(c)= cluster ...

Abstract	The incorporation of iodine atoms onto the boron vertices of the o-carborane framework causes, according to spectroscopic data, a uniform increase in the acidic character of the C(c)-H (C(c)= cluster carbon) vertices, whereas the incorporation of methyl groups onto the boron vertices of the o-carborane framework reduces their acidity. Methyl groups when attached to boron are electron-withdrawing in boron clusters, whereas iodine atoms bonded to boron act as electron donors. This has been proven on B-methyl and B-iodinated o-carboranes with NMR spectroscopy measurements and DFT calculations of natural bond orbital (NBO) charges, which show a cumulative buildup of positive cluster-only total charge (CTC) on B-methyl o-carboranes and a cumulative buildup of negative cluster-only total charge for B-iodinated o-carboranes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-09-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1478547-x
ISSN	1521-3765 ; 0947-6539
ISSN (online)	1521-3765
ISSN	0947-6539
DOI	10.1002/chem.200900925
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Article ; Online: Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as early predictors of anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery: a prospective observational study.

Garcia-Granero, Alvaro / Frasson, Matteo / Flor-Lorente, Blas / Blanco, Francisco / Puga, Ramon / Carratalá, Arturo / Garcia-Granero, Eduardo

Diseases of the colon and rectum

2013 Volume 56, Issue 4, Page(s) 475–483

Abstract: ... of this study was to determine whether procalcitonin and C-reactive protein are good predictors ... POSSUM, and morbidity. During the first 5 postoperative days, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein ... when considering only major anastomotic leaks, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein were reliable predictors ...

Abstract	Background: Although the early diagnosis of anastomotic leak is a key point in reducing its clinical consequences, in daily practice, anastomotic leak diagnosis is often late. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether procalcitonin and C-reactive protein are good predictors of anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery. Design: This is a prospective observational study. Settings: This study was conducted by a specialized colorectal multidisciplinary team of a tertiary teaching hospital. Patients: A series of 205 consecutive patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery in a specialized unit was prospectively analyzed. The following data were collected: demographic, surgical, ASA class, POSSUM, and morbidity. During the first 5 postoperative days, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, leukocytes, platelets, and vital signs were evaluated daily. Interventions: Daily assessment of clinical variable and serological data were conducted in the first 5 postoperative days. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measure was the area under the curve at receiving operating characteristic curve analysis of the different variables in relation to the anastomotic leak. Results: Anastomotic leak was detected in 17 (8.3%) patients; 11(5.4%) of the patients had a major anastomotic leak (need for drainage or reoperation). None of the variables evaluated were shown to be reliable in the early detection of anastomotic leak, considering both minor and major (maximum area under the curve <0.80). In contrast, when considering only major anastomotic leaks, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein were reliable predictors on postoperative days 3 to 5 (p < 0.0001, area under the curve >0.80). The best combination was procalcitonin at postoperative day 5 (area under the curve = 0.86), with a cutoff of 0.31 ng/mL, resulting in a 100% sensitivity, 72% specificity, 100% negative predictive value, and 17% positive predictive value. Limitations: Only symptomatic patients were investigated to rule out anastomotic leakage. Conclusions: Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein are both reliable predictors of major anastomotic leak after colorectal resection, although procalcitonin is more accurate. Raised procalcitonin and C-reactive protein serum concentration on postoperative days 3 to 5 renders necessary a careful evaluation of the patient before discharge.
MeSH term(s)	Anastomotic Leak/diagnosis ; Biomarkers/blood ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Calcitonin/blood ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Colon/surgery ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Period ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Protein Precursors/blood ; ROC Curve ; Rectum/surgery ; Sensitivity and Specificity
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; CALCA protein, human ; Protein Precursors ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (83652-28-2) ; Calcitonin (9007-12-9) ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	212581-x
ISSN	1530-0358 ; 0012-3706
ISSN (online)	1530-0358
ISSN	0012-3706
DOI	10.1097/DCR.0b013e31826ce825
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Article ; Online: Serology for hepatitis B and C, HIV and syphilis in the initial evaluation of diabetes patients referred for an external nephrology consultation.

Esparza-Martín, Noemí / Hernández-Betancor, Araceli / Suria-González, Santiago / Batista-García, Fátima / Braillard-Pocard, Pablo / Sánchez-Santana, Ana Y / Guerra-Rodríguez, Rita / Ramírez-Puga, Ana / Checa-Andrés, M Dolores

Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia

2013 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 124–127

Abstract: ... for hepatitis B and C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and syphilis in the initial assessment of patients ... originating in external consultations and for which hepatitis B, C, HIV, and syphilis serology had been ... As for hepatitis C, 2.4% of the patients studied had antibodies against hepatitis C. With regard to syphilis, 0.8 ...

Abstract	Introduction: Information is available regarding the prevalence and incidence of positive microbiological serology results both in the general population and in patients on haemodialysis in Spain. Nevertheless, little information is known regarding patients with diabetes attended in external nephrology consultations. Objective: To evaluate the percentage of patients with positive serology results for hepatitis B and C, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and syphilis in the initial assessment of patients referred to diabetic nephropathy external consultations. Patients and method: Retrospective study of 500 patients assessed over the course of 5 years with the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy originating in external consultations and for which hepatitis B, C, HIV, and syphilis serology had been requested. Results: With regard to hepatitis B virus, 0.4% of patients had chronic hepatitis B, 10.2% had overcome the hepatitis and were in recovery, and 4.2% had received the hepatitis B vaccine. As for hepatitis C, 2.4% of the patients studied had antibodies against hepatitis C. With regard to syphilis, 0.8% of patients had positive serological results. No patients had positive HIV serology results. Conclusions: Despite major methodological limitations, this would be the first study to evaluate the microbiological serology of diabetic nephropathy patients treated in external consultations.
MeSH term(s)	AIDS Serodiagnosis ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Diabetic Nephropathies/blood ; Female ; HIV/immunology ; Hepacivirus/immunology ; Hepatitis B virus/immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrology ; Referral and Consultation ; Retrospective Studies ; Syphilis ; Syphilis Serodiagnosis ; Treponema pallidum/immunology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2013-01-18
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632512-9
ISSN	1989-2284 ; 0211-6995
ISSN (online)	1989-2284
ISSN	0211-6995
DOI	10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2012.Jul.11331
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