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  1. Article ; Online: Can AI pass the written European Board Examination in Neurological Surgery? - Ethical and practical issues.

    Stengel, Felix C / Stienen, Martin N / Ivanov, Marcel / Gandía-González, María L / Raffa, Giovanni / Ganau, Mario / Whitfield, Peter / Motov, Stefan

    Brain & spine

    2024  Volume 4, Page(s) 102765

    Abstract: Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) based large language models (LLM) contain enormous potential in education and training. Recent publications demonstrated that they are able to outperform participants in written medical exams.: Research ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) based large language models (LLM) contain enormous potential in education and training. Recent publications demonstrated that they are able to outperform participants in written medical exams.
    Research question: We aimed to explore the accuracy of AI in the written part of the EANS board exam.
    Material and methods: Eighty-six representative single best answer (SBA) questions, included at least ten times in prior EANS board exams, were selected by the current EANS board exam committee. The questions' content was classified as 75 text-based (TB) and 11 image-based (IB) and their structure as 50 interpretation-weighted, 30 theory-based and 6 true-or-false. Questions were tested with Chat GPT 3.5, Bing and Bard. The AI and participant results were statistically analyzed through ANOVA tests with Stata SE 15 (StataCorp, College Station, TX). P-values of <0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
    Results: The Bard LLM achieved the highest accuracy with 62% correct questions overall and 69% excluding IB, outperforming human exam participants 59% (p = 0.67) and 59% (p = 0.42), respectively. All LLMs scored highest in theory-based questions, excluding IB questions (Chat-GPT: 79%; Bing: 83%; Bard: 86%) and significantly better than the human exam participants (60%; p = 0.03). AI could not answer any IB question correctly.
    Discussion and conclusion: AI passed the written EANS board exam based on representative SBA questions and achieved results close to or even better than the human exam participants. Our results raise several ethical and practical implications, which may impact the current concept for the written EANS board exam.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-5294
    ISSN (online) 2772-5294
    DOI 10.1016/j.bas.2024.102765
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Neurosurgeons on the frontline of COVID-19: no place for surgery?

    Gandía-González, Maria L / Sáez-Alegre, Miguel / Roda, Jose M

    Acta neurochirurgica

    2020  Volume 162, Issue 7, Page(s) 1503–1504

    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-08
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 80010-7
    ISSN 0942-0940 ; 0001-6268
    ISSN (online) 0942-0940
    ISSN 0001-6268
    DOI 10.1007/s00701-020-04390-x
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  4. Article ; Online: Neurosurgeons on the frontline of COVID-19

    Gandía-González, Maria L. / Sáez-Alegre, Miguel / Roda, Jose M.

    Acta Neurochirurgica

    no place for surgery?

    2020  Volume 162, Issue 7, Page(s) 1503–1504

    Keywords Surgery ; Clinical Neurology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 80010-7
    ISSN 0942-0940 ; 0001-6268
    ISSN (online) 0942-0940
    ISSN 0001-6268
    DOI 10.1007/s00701-020-04390-x
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: The prevalence of imposter syndrome among neurosurgeons in Europe: An EANS YNC survey.

    Zoia, Cesare / Stienen, Martin N / Zaed, Ismail / Menna, Grazia / Aldea, Cristina C / Bartek, Jiri / Bauer, Marlies / Belo, Diogo / Drosos, Evangelos / Freyschlag, Christian F / Kaprovoy, Stanislav / Lepic, Milan / Lippa, Laura / Mohme, Malte / Motov, Stefan / Schwake, Michael / Spiriev, Toma / Stengel, Felix C / Torregrossa, Fabio /
    Raffa, Giovanni / Gandía-Gonzalez, Maria L

    Brain & spine

    2024  Volume 4, Page(s) 102816

    Abstract: Introduction: Imposter syndrome (IS), characterized by persistent doubts about one's abilities and fear of exposure as a fraud, is a prevalent psychological condition, particularly impacting physicians. In neurosurgery, known for its competitiveness and ...

    Abstract Introduction: Imposter syndrome (IS), characterized by persistent doubts about one's abilities and fear of exposure as a fraud, is a prevalent psychological condition, particularly impacting physicians. In neurosurgery, known for its competitiveness and demands, the prevalence of IS remains high.
    Research question: Recognizing the limited literature on IS within the neurosurgical community, this European survey aimed to determine its prevalence among young neurosurgeons and identify associated factors.
    Material and methods: The survey, conducted by the Young Neurosurgeon Committee of the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies, gathered responses from 232 participants. The survey included demographics, the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Survey (CIPS), and an analysis of potential compensatory mechanisms.
    Results: Nearly 94% of respondents exhibited signs of IS, with the majority experiencing moderate (36.21%) or frequent (40.52%) symptoms. Analyses revealed associations between IS and factors such as level of experience, sex, and board-certification.
    Discussion and conclusion: The findings suggest a significant prevalence of IS among young neurosurgeons, with notable associations with sex and level of experience. Compensatory mechanisms, such as working hours, article reading, and participation in events, did not show significant correlations with IS. Notably, male sex emerged as an independent protective factor against frequent/intense IS, while reading more than five articles per week was identified as a risk factor. The identification of protective and risk factors, particularly the influence of gender and reading habits, contributes valuable insights for developing targeted interventions to mitigate IS and improve the well-being of neurosurgeons.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-5294
    ISSN (online) 2772-5294
    DOI 10.1016/j.bas.2024.102816
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The use of advanced technology for preoperative planning in cranial surgery - A survey by the EANS Young Neurosurgeons Committee.

    Raffa, Giovanni / Spiriev, Toma / Zoia, Cesare / Aldea, Cristina C / Bartek, Jiri / Bauer, Marlies / Ben-Shalom, Netanel / Belo, Diogo / Drosos, Evangelos / Freyschlag, Christian F / Kaprovoy, Stanislav / Lepic, Milan / Lippa, Laura / Rabiei, Katrin / Schwake, Michael / Stengel, Felix C / Stienen, Martin N / Gandía-González, Maria L

    Brain & spine

    2023  Volume 3, Page(s) 102665

    Abstract: Introduction: Technological advancements provided several preoperative tools allowing for precise preoperative planning in cranial neurosurgery, aiming to increase the efficacy and safety of surgery. However, little data are available regarding if and ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Technological advancements provided several preoperative tools allowing for precise preoperative planning in cranial neurosurgery, aiming to increase the efficacy and safety of surgery. However, little data are available regarding if and how young neurosurgeons are trained in using such technologies, how often they use them in clinical practice, and how valuable they consider these technologies.
    Research question: How frequently these technologies are used during training and clinical practice as well as to how their perceived value can be qualitatively assessed.
    Materials and methods: The Young Neurosurgeons' Committee (YNC) of the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) distributed a 14-items survey among young neurosurgeons between June 1st and August 31st
    Results: A total of 441 responses were collected. Most responders (42.34%) received "formal" training during their residency. Planning techniques were used mainly in neuro-oncology (90.86%), and 3D visualization of patients' DICOM dataset using open-source software was the most frequently used (>20 times/month, 20.34% of responders). Software for 3D visualization of patients' DICOM dataset was the most valuable technology, especially for planning surgical approach (42.03%). Conversely, simulation based on augmented/mixed/virtual reality was considered the less valuable tool, being rated below sufficiency by 39.7% of responders.
    Discussion and conclusion: Training for using preoperative planning technologies in cranial neurosurgery is provided by neurosurgical residency programs. Software for 3D visualization of DICOM datasets is the most valuable and used tool, especially in neuro-oncology. Interestingly, simulation tools based on augmented/virtual/mixed reality are considered less valuable and, therefore, less used than other technologies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-5294
    ISSN (online) 2772-5294
    DOI 10.1016/j.bas.2023.102665
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Needs, Roles, and Challenges of Young Latin American and Caribbean Neurosurgeons.

    Perez-Chadid, Daniela A / Veiga Silva, Ana Cristina / Asfaw, Zerubabbel K / Javed, Saad / Shlobin, Nathan A / Ham, Edward I / Libório, Adriana / Ogando-Rivas, Elizabeth / Robertson, Faith C / Rayan, Tarek / Gandía-González, Maria L / Kolias, Angelos / Barthélemy, Ernest J / Esene, Ignatius

    World neurosurgery

    2023  Volume 176, Page(s) e190–e199

    Abstract: Background: Barriers to neurosurgery training and practice in Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) have been scarcely documented. The World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies Young Neurosurgeons Forum survey sought to identify young ... ...

    Abstract Background: Barriers to neurosurgery training and practice in Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) have been scarcely documented. The World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies Young Neurosurgeons Forum survey sought to identify young neurosurgeons' needs, roles, and challenges. We present the results focused on Latin America and the Caribbean.
    Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the Young Neurosurgeons Forum survey responses from LACs, following online survey dissemination through personal contacts, social media, and neurosurgical societies' e-mailing lists between April and November 2018. Data analysis was performed using Jamovi version 2.0 and STATA version 16.
    Results: There were 91 respondents from LACs. Three (3.3%) respondents practiced in high-income countries, 77 (84.6%) in upper middle-income countries, 10 (11%) in lower middle-income countries, and 1 (1.1%) in an unclassified country. The majority (77, or 84.6%) of respondents were male, and 71 (90.2%) were younger than 40. Access to basic imaging modalities was high, with access to computed tomography scan universal among the survey respondents. However, only 25 (27.5%) of respondents reported having access to imaging guidance systems (navigation), and 73 (80.2%) reported having access to high-speed drills. A high GDP per capita was associated with increased availability of high-speed drills and more time dedicated to educational endeavors in neurosurgery, such as didactic teaching and topic presentation (P < 0.05).
    Conclusions: This survey found that neurosurgery trainees and practitioners of Latin America and the Caribbean face many barriers to practice. These include inadequate state-of-the-art neurosurgical equipment, a lack of standardized training curricula, few research opportunities, and long working hours.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Female ; Neurosurgeons ; Latin America ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Neurosurgery/education ; Caribbean Region
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2534351-8
    ISSN 1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
    ISSN (online) 1878-8769
    ISSN 1878-8750
    DOI 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.05.026
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  8. Article ; Online: Diversity and equality in neurosurgery.

    Demetriades, Andreas K / Durán, Silvia Hernández / Aldea, Cristina C / Gandía-González, Maria L / Broekman, Marike L D / Schaller, Karl

    The Lancet. Neurology

    2020  Volume 19, Issue 8, Page(s) 645–646

    MeSH term(s) Neurosurgery ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Sex Factors ; Social Media
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2081241-3
    ISSN 1474-4465 ; 1474-4422
    ISSN (online) 1474-4465
    ISSN 1474-4422
    DOI 10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30226-X
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    Zs.A 5955: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Nexilia

    Lippa, Laura / Spiriev, Toma / Bartek, Jiri / Belo, Diogo / Drosos, Evangelos / Aldea, Cristina C / Ben-Shalom, Netanel / Freyschlag, Christian F / Kaprovoy, Stanislav / Lepic, Milan / Rabiei, Katrin / Raffa, Giovanni / Schwake, Michael / Stienen, Martin N / Zoia, Cesare / Rasulic, Lukas / Gandía-González, Maria L

    Brain & spine

    2022  Volume 2, Page(s) 100901

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-5294
    ISSN (online) 2772-5294
    DOI 10.1016/j.bas.2022.100901
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Laying foundations for the future- establishing the EANS Young Neurosurgeons Network (EANS YNN).

    Drosos, Evangelos / Aldea, Cristina C / Belo, Diogo / Bartek, Jiri / Stienen, Martin N / Schwake, Michael / Zoia, Cesare / Kaprovoy, Stanislav / Lippa, Laura / Lepic, Milan / Freyschlag, Christian F / Rabiei, Katrin / Raffa, Giovanni / Spiriev, Toma / Ben-Shalom, Netanel / Thomé, Claudius / Demetriades, Andreas K / Gandía-González, Maria L

    Brain & spine

    2022  Volume 2, Page(s) 100902

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-5294
    ISSN (online) 2772-5294
    DOI 10.1016/j.bas.2022.100902
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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