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  1. Article ; Online: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Epidural Analgesia for Pain Relief After Lumbar Interlaminar Decompressive Spine Surgery: The RAPID trial.

    Hermans, Sem M M / Lantinga-Zee, Aniek A G / Droeghaag, Ruud / van Santbrink, Henk / van Hemert, Wouter L W / Reinders, Mattheus K / Hoofwijk, Daisy M N / van Kuijk, Sander M J / Rijkers, Kim / Curfs, Inez

    Spine

    2024  Volume 49, Issue 7, Page(s) 456–462

    Abstract: Study design: Prospective, double-blind randomized controlled trial.: Objective: If an intraoperative single bolus of epidural bupivacaine can result in less postoperative pain following lumbar spinal decompression surgery.: Summary of background ... ...

    Abstract Study design: Prospective, double-blind randomized controlled trial.
    Objective: If an intraoperative single bolus of epidural bupivacaine can result in less postoperative pain following lumbar spinal decompression surgery.
    Summary of background data: Adequate postoperative pain management following lumbar spinal decompression surgery is important, as it will lead to early mobilization, less complications, and a shorter hospital stay. Opioid consumption should be limited due to their frequently accompanied side effects and their addictive nature. During the final phase of lumbar decompression surgery, the epidural space becomes easily accessible. This might be an ideal moment for surgeons to administer an epidural bolus of analgesia as a safe and effective method for postoperative pain relief.
    Materials and methods: In this trial, we compared a single intraoperative bolus of epidural analgesia using bupivacaine 0.25% to placebo (NaCl 0.9%) and its effect on postoperative pain following lumbar spinal decompression surgery. The primary outcome was the difference in Numeric (Pain) Rating Scale between the intervention and placebo groups during the first 48 hours after surgery.
    Results: Both the intervention group and the placebo group consisted of 20 randomized patients (N=40). Statistically significant lower mean Numeric (Pain) Rating Scale pain scores were observed in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (main effect group: -2.35±0.77, P =0.004). The average pain score was lower in the intervention group at all postoperative time points. No study-related complications occurred.
    Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial shows that administrating a bolus of intraoperative epidural bupivacaine is a safe and effective method for reducing early postoperative pain following lumbar decompression surgery.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Analgesia, Epidural/methods ; Prospective Studies ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery ; Bupivacaine/therapeutic use ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/etiology ; Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control ; Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Bupivacaine (Y8335394RO) ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Anesthetics, Local
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752024-4
    ISSN 1528-1159 ; 0362-2436
    ISSN (online) 1528-1159
    ISSN 0362-2436
    DOI 10.1097/BRS.0000000000004921
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  2. Article ; Online: Intraoperative epidural analgesia for pain relief after lumbar decompressive spine surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Hermans, Sem M M / Lantinga-Zee, Aniek A G / Rijkers, Kim / van Santbrink, Henk / van Hemert, Wouter L W / Reinders, Mattheus K / Hoofwijk, Daisy M N / van Kuijk, Sander M J / Curfs, Inez

    Brain & spine

    2021  Volume 1, Page(s) 100306

    Abstract: Introduction: During lumbar decompressive spine surgery, the epidural space is easily accessible. This intraoperative situation allows surgeons to apply an epidural bolus of analgesia at the end of the surgical procedure. In literature, several papers ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: During lumbar decompressive spine surgery, the epidural space is easily accessible. This intraoperative situation allows surgeons to apply an epidural bolus of analgesia at the end of the surgical procedure. In literature, several papers about the methods and effectiveness of delivering local analgesia during lumbar decompressive spine surgery have been published.
    Research question: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summaries the current literature on the effectiveness and safety of intraoperative epidural analgesia in lumbar decompressive surgery, delivered as a bolus.
    Material and method: A systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials or comparative cohort studies of patients aged 18 years or older who underwent decompressive lumbar spine surgery. Nonsteroidal epidural analgesia had to be administered as a bolus, intraoperatively, as an adjunct to standard analgesia therapy. Primary outcome measures were reduction in postoperative pain scores, analgesics consumption and length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes were adverse events.
    Results: Eight studies evaluating the effectiveness of intraoperative epidural analgesia were included. Seven studies reported statistically significant reductions in postoperative VAS-pain scores. Six studies reported a statistically significant decrease in postoperative analgesics consumption. Four studies reported on the length of hospital stay, with no statistically significant difference between study groups.
    Discussion and conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that additional intraoperative epidural nonsteroidal analgesia, delivered as a bolus, can reduce postoperative pain and postoperative analgesics consumption in patients undergoing decompressive spinal surgery. Further well-powered research is needed to bolster the evidence.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2772-5294
    ISSN (online) 2772-5294
    DOI 10.1016/j.bas.2021.100306
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial on the effect of local analgesia for pain relief after minimal invasive sacroiliac joint fusion: the ARTEMIS study.

    Hermans, Sem M M / Nellensteijn, Jorm M / van Santbrink, Henk / Knoef, Rob / Reinders, Mattheus K / Hoofwijk, Daisy M N / Potters, Jan W / Movig, Kris L L / Curfs, Inez / van Hemert, Wouter L W

    BMJ open

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 12, Page(s) e056204

    Abstract: Introduction: Chronic lower back pain is a common report in the general population. A dysfunctional sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is estimated to be responsible for one in five patients with lower back pain. Minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion (MISJF) ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Chronic lower back pain is a common report in the general population. A dysfunctional sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is estimated to be responsible for one in five patients with lower back pain. Minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion (MISJF) is a surgical procedure to treat SIJ dysfunction. During the procedure, the SIJ is stabilised by implants inserted percutaneously under fluoroscopy guidance. Postoperatively, patients often report a lot of pain, which contributes to patients taking high doses of painkillers (opioids for example,) and preventing early mobilisation. In several orthopaedic procedures, intraoperative infiltration of the wound bed results in decreased consumption of analgesics, earlier mobilisation and shorter hospitalisation time. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of intraoperative SIJ infiltration with analgesia in reducing postoperative pain after MISJF.
    Methods and analysis: We will perform a two-centre, prospective, double-blind, randomised controlled trial to determine whether SIJ infiltration with 1.5-5 cc bupivacaine 0.50% is superior to 1.5-5 cc placebo (NaCl 0.9%) in reducing postoperative pain in patients after MISJF, and to determine whether bupivacaine significantly reduces opioid use in the direct postoperative period. Patients will be randomised with 1:1 allocation for either bupivacaine (intervention) or placebo SIJ infiltration. Postoperative pain will be measured by the Visual Analogue Scale pain score at entry and exit recovery, 2, 4, 6, 24 and 48 hours postoperatively.
    Ethics and dissemination: This is the first trial that investigates the effectiveness of intraoperative SIJ infiltration with bupivacaine 0.50% in reducing postoperative pain after MISJF. If intraoperative SIJ infiltration with bupivacaine 0.50% proves to be effective, this might have important clinical implications, such as postoperative analgesics (opioids for example,) consumption, earlier mobilisation and potentially shorter hospitalisation time.
    Trial registration number: NL9151.
    MeSH term(s) Analgesia ; Humans ; Low Back Pain/drug therapy ; Low Back Pain/surgery ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sacroiliac Joint/surgery ; Spinal Fusion/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056204
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  4. Article ; Online: Management of hyperuricemia in gout

    Mattheus K Reinders / Tim L Th A Jansen

    Clinical Interventions in Aging, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 7-

    focus on febuxostat

    2010  Volume 18

    Abstract: Mattheus K Reinders1, Tim L Th A Jansen21Clinical Pharmacy, Atrium Medisch Centrum Parkstad ...

    Abstract Mattheus K Reinders1, Tim L Th A Jansen21Clinical Pharmacy, Atrium Medisch Centrum Parkstad, Heerlen, The Netherlands; 2Rheumatology, Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The NetherlandsAbstract: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in an elderly population, and can be diagnosed with absolute certainty by polarization microscopy. However, diagnosis may be challenging because atypical presentations are more common in the elderly. Management of hyperuricemia in the elderly with gout requires special consideration because of co-medication, contra-indications, and risk of adverse reactions. Urate-lowering agents include allopurinol and uricosuric agents. These also must be used sensibly in the elderly, especially when renal function impairment is present. However, if used at the lowest dose that maintains the serum urate level below 5.0 to 6.0 mg/dL (0.30 to 0.36 mmol/L), the excess urate in the body will eventually be eliminated, acute flares will no longer occur, and tophi will resolve. Febuxostat, a new xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is welcomed, as few alternatives for allopurinol are available. Its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are not significantly altered in patients with moderate renal function or hepatic impairment. Its antihyperuricemic efficacy at 80 to 120 mg/day is better than “standard dosage” allopurinol (300 mg/day). Long-term safety data and efficacy data on tophus diminishment and reduction of gout flares have recently become available. Febuxostat may provide an important option in patients unable to use allopurinol, or refractory to allopurinol.Keywords: aging, febuxostat, hyperuricemia, gout, pharmacotherapy, xanthine oxidase
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences ; Geriatrics ; RC952-954.6
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Dove Medical Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: New advances in the treatment of gout

    Mattheus K Reinders / Tim L Th A Jansen

    Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 543-

    review of pegloticase

    2010  Volume 550

    Abstract: Mattheus K Reinders1, Tim L Th A Jansen21Clinical Pharmacy, Atrium Medisch Centrum Parkstad ...

    Abstract Mattheus K Reinders1, Tim L Th A Jansen21Clinical Pharmacy, Atrium Medisch Centrum Parkstad, Heerlen, The Netherlands; 2Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsAbstract: Treatment-failure gout (TFG) affects approximately 50,000 patients or about 1% of the overall population of patients with gout in the United States of America. The severity of TFG is manifested by frequent acute attacks of disabling arthritis, chronic deforming joint disease, destructive masses of urate crystals (tophi), progressive physical disability, and poor health-related quality of life. Pegloticase (Krystexxa®; Savient Pharmaceuticals, Inc), a novel PEGylated urate oxidase (uricase) enzyme, has been resubmitted for US Food and Drug Administration approval. In a 6-month, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 8 mg of pegloticase for every 2 weeks induced a lytic decrease of serum urate (sUr) concentrations, leading to dissolution of tophi in 40% of patients at final visit. However, 58% were nonresponders to the defined target sUr of 0.36 mmol/L (80% were nonresponders during months 3 and 6), possibly due to antibody formation. Also, 26%–31% experienced infusion reactions (IRs) and 77% suffered from gout flares. Although long-term data are awaited, an anti-inflammatory strategy, eg, based on glucocorticosteroids, is needed to prevent pegloticase antibody formation leading to IRs and diminished or shortened efficacy, and might also prevent gout flares. According to the current clinical data, pegloticase might have an important role as a (bridging) treatment in sUr-responsive patients for tophi clearance in severe chronic refractory gout.Keywords: pegloticase, hyperuricemia, gout, pharmacotherapy, PEG-uricase
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Dove Medical Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Management of hyperuricemia in gout: focus on febuxostat.

    Reinders, Mattheus K / Jansen, Tim L Th A

    Clinical interventions in aging

    2010  Volume 5, Page(s) 7–18

    Abstract: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in an elderly population, and can be diagnosed with absolute certainty by polarization microscopy. However, diagnosis may be challenging because atypical presentations are more common in the elderly. ... ...

    Abstract Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in an elderly population, and can be diagnosed with absolute certainty by polarization microscopy. However, diagnosis may be challenging because atypical presentations are more common in the elderly. Management of hyperuricemia in the elderly with gout requires special consideration because of co-medication, contra-indications, and risk of adverse reactions. Urate-lowering agents include allopurinol and uricosuric agents. These also must be used sensibly in the elderly, especially when renal function impairment is present. However, if used at the lowest dose that maintains the serum urate level below 5.0 to 6.0 mg/dL (0.30 to 0.36 mmol/L), the excess urate in the body will eventually be eliminated, acute flares will no longer occur, and tophi will resolve. Febuxostat, a new xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is welcomed, as few alternatives for allopurinol are available. Its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are not significantly altered in patients with moderate renal function or hepatic impairment. Its antihyperuricemic efficacy at 80 to 120 mg/day is better than "standard dosage" allopurinol (300 mg/day). Long-term safety data and efficacy data on tophus diminishment and reduction of gout flares have recently become available. Febuxostat may provide an important option in patients unable to use allopurinol, or refractory to allopurinol.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Febuxostat ; Gout/etiology ; Gout/physiopathology ; Gout/prevention & control ; Gout Suppressants/administration & dosage ; Gout Suppressants/pharmacology ; Gout Suppressants/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia/complications ; Hyperuricemia/drug therapy ; Thiazoles/administration & dosage ; Thiazoles/pharmacology ; Thiazoles/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Xanthine Oxidase/administration & dosage ; Xanthine Oxidase/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Gout Suppressants ; Thiazoles ; Febuxostat (101V0R1N2E) ; Xanthine Oxidase (EC 1.17.3.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02-02
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2364924-0
    ISSN 1178-1998 ; 1176-9092
    ISSN (online) 1178-1998
    ISSN 1176-9092
    DOI 10.2147/cia.s5476
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6742: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: New advances in the treatment of gout: review of pegloticase.

    Reinders, Mattheus K / Jansen, Tim L Th A

    Therapeutics and clinical risk management

    2010  Volume 6, Page(s) 543–550

    Abstract: Treatment-failure gout (TFG) affects approximately 50,000 patients or about 1% of the overall population of patients with gout in the United States of America. The severity of TFG is manifested by frequent acute attacks of disabling arthritis, chronic ... ...

    Abstract Treatment-failure gout (TFG) affects approximately 50,000 patients or about 1% of the overall population of patients with gout in the United States of America. The severity of TFG is manifested by frequent acute attacks of disabling arthritis, chronic deforming joint disease, destructive masses of urate crystals (tophi), progressive physical disability, and poor health-related quality of life. Pegloticase (Krystexxa(®); Savient Pharmaceuticals, Inc), a novel PEGylated urate oxidase (uricase) enzyme, has been resubmitted for US Food and Drug Administration approval. In a 6-month, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 8 mg of pegloticase for every 2 weeks induced a lytic decrease of serum urate (sUr) concentrations, leading to dissolution of tophi in 40% of patients at final visit. However, 58% were nonresponders to the defined target sUr of 0.36 mmol/L (80% were nonresponders during months 3 and 6), possibly due to anti-body formation. Also, 26%-31% experienced infusion reactions (IRs) and 77% suffered from gout flares. Although long-term data are awaited, an anti-inflammatory strategy, eg, based on glucocorticosteroids, is needed to prevent pegloticase antibody formation leading to IRs and diminished or shortened efficacy, and might also prevent gout flares. According to the current clinical data, pegloticase might have an important role as a (bridging) treatment in sUr-responsive patients for tophi clearance in severe chronic refractory gout.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-10-27
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2186560-7
    ISSN 1178-203X ; 1176-6336
    ISSN (online) 1178-203X
    ISSN 1176-6336
    DOI 10.2147/TCRM.S6043
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    Zs.A 6067: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article: Biochemical effectiveness of allopurinol and allopurinol-probenecid in previously benzbromarone-treated gout patients.

    Reinders, Mattheus K / van Roon, Eric N / Houtman, Pieternella M / Brouwers, Jacobus R B J / Jansen, Tim L Th A

    Clinical rheumatology

    2007  Volume 26, Issue 9, Page(s) 1459–1465

    Abstract: In 2003, the uricosuric drug benzbromarone was withdrawn from the market. The first alternative drug of choice was the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol. The purpose was to (1) investigate the efficacy of allopurinol (standard dosage) compared with ... ...

    Abstract In 2003, the uricosuric drug benzbromarone was withdrawn from the market. The first alternative drug of choice was the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol. The purpose was to (1) investigate the efficacy of allopurinol (standard dosage) compared with previous treatment with benzbromarone; and (2) investigate the combination therapy allopurinol-probenecid as an effective alternative treatment compared with previous benzbromarone treatment. A prospective, open study was carried out in a cohort of 51 gout patients who discontinued benzbromarone therapy because of market withdrawal. Patients were given 200-300 mg allopurinol (stage 1). When allopurinol failed to attain the target serum urate (sUr) levels <or=0.30 mmol/l, probenecid 1,000 mg/day was added (stage 2). Treatment with benzbromarone monotherapy (range: 100-200 mg/day; mean 138 mg/day) resulted in 92% of patients reaching target levels sUr <or= 0.30 mmol/l with a decrease of 61[11]% compared to baseline. In stage 1, 32 patients completed treatment with allopurinol monotherapy (range 200-300 mg/day; mean 256 mg/day), which resulted in 25% of patients attaining sUr target levels. Decrease in sUr levels was 36[11]%, which was significantly less compared to treatment with benzbromarone (p < 0.001). In stage 2, 14 patients received allopurinol-probenecid combination therapy, which resulted in 86% of patients attaining target sUr levels (after failure on allopurinol monotherapy), which was comparable to previous treatment with benzbromarone (p = 0.81). Decrease in sUr levels was 53[9]% (CI 95%: 48-58%), which was a non-significant difference compared to previous treatment with benzbromarone (p = 0.23). Benzbromarone is a very effective antihyperuricemic drug with 91% success in attainment of target sUr levels <or=0.30 mmol/l. Allopurinol 200-300 mg/day was shown to be a less potent alternative for most selected patients to attain target sUr levels (13% success). In patients failing on allopurinol monotherapy, the addition of probenecid proves to be an effective treatment strategy for attaining sUr target levels (86% success).<br />
    MeSH term(s) Allopurinol/adverse effects ; Allopurinol/therapeutic use ; Benzbromarone/therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Gout/drug therapy ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia/drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Probenecid/therapeutic use ; Uric Acid/blood ; Uric Acid/urine ; Uricosuric Agents/adverse effects ; Uricosuric Agents/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Uricosuric Agents ; Uric Acid (268B43MJ25) ; Benzbromarone (4POG0RL69O) ; Allopurinol (63CZ7GJN5I) ; Probenecid (PO572Z7917)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-02-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604755-5
    ISSN 0770-3198
    ISSN 0770-3198
    DOI 10.1007/s10067-006-0528-3
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    Zs.A 1740: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article: A simple method for quantification of allopurinol and oxipurinol in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-detection.

    Reinders, Mattheus K / Nijdam, Lars C / van Roon, Eric N / Movig, Kris L L / Jansen, Tim L Th A / van de Laar, Mart A F J / Brouwers, Jacobus R B J

    Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis

    2007  Volume 45, Issue 2, Page(s) 312–317

    Abstract: Objectives: Allopurinol is a uric acid lowering drug used in the treatment of gout and the prevention of tumor lysis syndrome. Allopurinol and its active metabolite oxipurinol inhibit xanthine oxidase, which forms uric acid from xanthine and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Allopurinol is a uric acid lowering drug used in the treatment of gout and the prevention of tumor lysis syndrome. Allopurinol and its active metabolite oxipurinol inhibit xanthine oxidase, which forms uric acid from xanthine and hypoxanthine. Therapeutic drug monitoring is an important option for evaluation and optimization of allopurinol treatment in case of renal impairment, interaction with uricosuric drugs or to verify patient adherence. In this study we developed and validated a simple quantitative assay using reverse phased high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-detection as a method for quantification of allopurinol and oxipurinol in human serum in the presence of different frequently used drugs.
    Methods: The HPLC-UV method uses a mobile phase consisting of sodium acetate (0.02 M; pH 4.5), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Allopurinol and oxipurinol are detected by UV-absorption at 254 nm with a retention time of 9.9 min for oxipurinol and 12.3 min for allopurinol. Aciclovir is used as internal standard.
    Results: Validation showed for allopurinol lower and upper limits of quantification of 0.5 and 10mg/L and for oxipurinol 1 and 40 mg/L, respectively. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.5-10mg/L (allopurinol) and 1-40 mg/L (oxipurinol). Intra- and inter-day precision showed coefficients of variation <15% over the complete concentration range; accuracy was within 5% for allopurinol and oxipurinol. Endogenous purine-like compounds were separated from allopurinol, oxipurinol and aciclovir with a resolution factor >1.5. Exogenous purine-like compounds and co-medication frequently used by gout patients did not hinder the analysis due to the dichloromethane washing step or to low UV-absorpion at 253 nm. Serum levels of 66 patients prescribed allopurinol 300 mg/day were determined using this HPLC-UV method. Measured serum allopurinol and oxipurinol concentrations in clinical practice showed large variability with a range of <0.5-4.3 mg/L for allopurinol and <1.0-39.2 mg/L for oxipurinol, respectively.
    Conclusion: We developed an easy-to-operate and validated HPLC-UV method for the quantification of allopurinol and oxipurinol in human serum. This method was proven to be valid for samples of gout patients frequently using concomitant medications.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Allopurinol/blood ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Drug Stability ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxypurinol/blood ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sodium Acetate/chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods
    Chemical Substances Sodium Acetate (4550K0SC9B) ; Allopurinol (63CZ7GJN5I) ; Oxypurinol (G97OZE5068)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-10-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604917-5
    ISSN 1873-264X ; 0731-7085
    ISSN (online) 1873-264X
    ISSN 0731-7085
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.08.002
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    Zs.A 1850: Show issues Location:
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