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Article: Can virtual non-contrast imaging replace true non-contrast imaging in multiphase scanning of the neck region?

Al-Difaie, Zaid / Scheepers, Max Hmc / Bouvy, Nicole D / Engelen, Sanne / Havekes, Bas / Postma, Alida A

2023 Volume 12, Issue 8, Page(s) 20584601231205159

Abstract: Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is an advanced imaging method that enables reconstruction of virtual non-contrast (VNC) images from a contrast-enhanced acquisition. This has the potential to reduce radiation exposure by eliminating ... ...

Abstract	Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is an advanced imaging method that enables reconstruction of virtual non-contrast (VNC) images from a contrast-enhanced acquisition. This has the potential to reduce radiation exposure by eliminating the need for a true non-contrast (TNC) phase. Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate the feasibility of VNC images in the neck region. Materials and methods: A total of 100 patients underwent a DECT scan as part of diagnostic workup of primary hyperparathyroidism. VNC images were reconstructed from 30 s (arterial) and 50 s (venous) post-contrast scans. Regions of interest (ROIs) were placed in thyroid tissue, lymph node, carotid artery, jugular vein, fat, and sternocleidomastoid muscle. Mean densities of all anatomical structures were compared between VNC and TNC images. Results: For all anatomical structures except the thyroid gland, the difference in mean density between TNC and VNC images was less than 15 HU. The mean difference in density between TNC and VNC images of the thyroid was 53.2 HU (95% CI 46.8; 59.6, Conclusion: This study demonstrated an acceptable agreement in density between true non-contrast and virtual non-contrast images for most anatomical structures in the neck region. Therefore, VNC images may have the potential to replace TNC images in the neck. However, due to significant differences in CT density of thyroid tissue, true non-contrast imaging cannot be directly substituted by virtual non-contrast imaging when examining the thyroid and its surrounding tissue.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2818429-4
ISSN	2058-4601
ISSN	2058-4601
DOI	10.1177/20584601231205159
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Article ; Online: Erratum. Effects of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin on Energy Metabolism in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Trial. Diabetes Care 2021;44:1334-1343.

Kamp, Yvo J M Op den / de Ligt, Marlies / Dautzenberg, Bas / Kornips, Esther / Esterline, Russell / Hesselink, Matthijs K C / Hoeks, Joris / Schrauwen-Hinderling, Vera B / Havekes, Bas / Oscarsson, Jan / Phielix, Esther / Schrauwen, Patrick

Diabetes care

2022 Volume 45, Issue 5, Page(s) 1297

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	441231-x
ISSN	1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
ISSN (online)	1935-5548
ISSN	0149-5992
DOI	10.2337/dc22-er05a
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Article ; Online: A prolonged fast improves overnight substrate oxidation without modulating hepatic glycogen in adults with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver: A randomized crossover trial.

Roumans, Kay H M / Veelen, Anna / Andriessen, Charlotte / Mevenkamp, Julian / Kornips, Esther / Veeraiah, Pandichelvam / Havekes, Bas / Peters, Harry P F / Lindeboom, Lucas / Schrauwen, Patrick / Schrauwen-Hinderling, Vera B

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

2023 Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 757–767

Abstract: Objective: Increasing overnight fasting time seems a promising strategy to improve metabolic health in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of fasting may be related to larger fluctuations in ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Increasing overnight fasting time seems a promising strategy to improve metabolic health in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of fasting may be related to larger fluctuations in hepatic glycogen and higher fat oxidation. This study investigated whether prolonging an overnight fast depletes hepatic glycogen stores and improves substrate metabolism in individuals with NAFL and healthy lean individuals. Methods: Eleven individuals with NAFL and ten control individuals participated in this randomized crossover trial. After a 9.5-hour or 16-hour fast, hepatic glycogen was measured by using carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and a meal test was performed. Nocturnal substrate oxidation was measured with indirect calorimetry. Results: Extending fasting time led to lower nocturnal carbohydrate oxidation and higher fat oxidation in both groups (intervention × time, p < 0.005 for carbohydrate and fat oxidation). In both arms, the respiratory exchange ratio measured during the night remained higher in the group with NAFL compared with the control group (population p < 0.001). No changes were observed in hepatic glycogen depletion with a prolonged overnight fast in the group with NAFL or the control group. Conclusions: These results suggest that acutely prolonging the overnight fast can improve overnight substrate oxidation and that these alterations are not mediated by changes in hepatic glycogen depletion.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adult ; Liver Glycogen/metabolism ; Liver Glycogen/pharmacology ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism ; Cross-Over Studies ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Carbohydrates/pharmacology ; Liver/metabolism ; Fasting
Chemical Substances	Liver Glycogen ; Carbohydrates
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2230457-5
ISSN	1930-739X ; 1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
ISSN (online)	1930-739X
ISSN	1071-7323 ; 1930-7381
DOI	10.1002/oby.23676
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Article: Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Parathyroid Localization of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review.

Scheepers, Max H M C / Al-Difaie, Zaid / Brandts, Lloyd / Peeters, Andrea / Winkens, Bjorn / Al-Taher, Mahdi / Engelen, Sanne M E / Lubbers, Tim / Havekes, Bas / Bouvy, Nicole D / Postma, Alida A

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: Accurate preoperative localization is crucial for successful minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Preoperative localization can be challenging in patients with recurrent and/or multigland disease (MGD). This has led ...

Abstract	Accurate preoperative localization is crucial for successful minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Preoperative localization can be challenging in patients with recurrent and/or multigland disease (MGD). This has led clinicians to investigate multiple imaging techniques, most of which are associated with radiation exposure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers ionizing radiation-free and accurate imaging, making it an attractive alternative imaging modality. The objective of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the diagnostic performance of MRI in the localization of PHPT. PubMed and Embase libraries were searched from 1 January 2000 to 31 March 2023. Studies were included that investigated MRI techniques for the localization of PHPT. The exclusion criteria were (1) secondary/tertiary hyperparathyroidism, (2) studies that provided no diagnostic performance values, (3) studies published before 2000, and (4) studies using 0.5 Tesla MRI scanners. Twenty-four articles were included in the systematic review, with a total of 1127 patients with PHPT. In 14 studies investigating conventional MRI for PHPT localization, sensitivities varied between 39.1% and 94.3%. When employing more advanced MRI protocols like 4D MRI for PHPT localization in 11 studies, sensitivities ranged from 55.6% to 100%. The combination of MR imaging with functional techniques such as 18F-FCH-PET/MRI yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy, with sensitivities ranging from 84.2% to 100% in five studies. Despite the limitations of the available evidence, the results of this review indicate that the combination of MR imaging with functional imaging techniques such as 18F-FCH-PET/MRI yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy. Further research on emerging MR imaging modalities, such as 4D MRI and PET/MRI, is warranted, as MRI exposes patients to minimal or no ionizing radiation compared to other imaging modalities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics14010025
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Article ; Online: Replacing Foods with a High-Glycemic Index and High in Saturated Fat by Alternatives with a Low Glycemic Index and Low Saturated Fat Reduces Hepatic Fat, Even in Isocaloric and Macronutrient Matched Conditions.

Basset-Sagarminaga, Jeremy / Roumans, Kay H M / Havekes, Bas / Mensink, Ronald P / Peters, Harry P F / Zock, Peter L / Mutsert, Renée de / Borén, Jan / Lindeboom, Lucas / Schrauwen, Patrick / Schrauwen-Hinderling, Vera B

Nutrients

2023 Volume 15, Issue 3

Abstract: Background: Current guidelines aim to limit the dietary glycemic index (GI) and intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Several studies have shown favorable effects of low-GI or low-SFA diets on intrahepatic lipid content (IHL), but these studies were ... ...

Abstract	Background: Current guidelines aim to limit the dietary glycemic index (GI) and intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Several studies have shown favorable effects of low-GI or low-SFA diets on intrahepatic lipid content (IHL), but these studies were performed under overfeeding conditions or extreme differences in GI or SFA to maximize the contrast between diets. By combining changes in GI and SFA, we can mimic how people can improve their diet in a realistic setting. Objectives: We investigated the effect on liver fat content and substrate metabolism of both reducing GI and replacing SFA with polyunsaturated fat in practically realistic amounts under isocaloric conditions. Design and methods: In a randomized crossover study, thirteen overweight participants consumed two diets, one high in GI and SFA (high GI/SFA) and one low in GI and SFA (low GI/SFA) with identical macronutrient composition, for two weeks each. Diets were equal in caloric content, consisted of habitual food items, and had a macronutrient composition that can be easily achieved in daily life. At the end of each intervention, IHL content/composition and liver glycogen were measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, fasted and postprandial hepatic de novo lipogenesis and glycemic and metabolic responses were investigated. Results: IHL was significantly lower (-28%) after the two-week low-GI/SFA diet (2.4 ± 0.5% 95% CI [1.4, 3.4]) than after the two-week high-GI/SFA diet (3.3 ± 0.6% 95% CI [1.9, 4.7], Conclusions: Changes in macronutrient quality can already have drastic effects on liver fat content and postprandial glycemia after two weeks and even when energy content and the percentage of total fat and carbohydrate remains unchanged.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Glycemic Index ; Cross-Over Studies ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Dietary Fats/metabolism ; Diet, Fat-Restricted ; Liver/metabolism ; Nutrients ; Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids ; Dietary Fats ; Dietary Carbohydrates
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15030735
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Article ; Online: Effects of the SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin on Energy Metabolism in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Trial.

Op den Kamp, Yvo J M / de Ligt, Marlies / Dautzenberg, Bas / Kornips, Esther / Esterline, Russell / Hesselink, Matthijs K C / Hoeks, Joris / Schrauwen-Hinderling, Vera B / Havekes, Bas / Oscarsson, Jan / Phielix, Esther / Schrauwen, Patrick

Diabetes care

2021 Volume 44, Issue 6, Page(s) 1334–1343

Abstract: Objective: SGTL2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion and have beneficial effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes. The underlying mechanism may involve caloric restriction-like metabolic effects due to urinary glucose loss. We investigated ...

Abstract	Objective: SGTL2 inhibitors increase urinary glucose excretion and have beneficial effects on cardiovascular and renal outcomes. The underlying mechanism may involve caloric restriction-like metabolic effects due to urinary glucose loss. We investigated the effects of dapagliflozin on 24-h energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Research design and methods: There were 26 patients with type 2 diabetes randomized to a 5-week double-blind, crossover study with a 6- to 8-week washout. Indirect calorimetry was used to measure 24-h energy metabolism and the respiratory exchange ratio (RER), both by whole-room calorimetry and by ventilated hood during a two-step euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Results are presented as the differences in least squares mean (95% CI) between treatments. Results: Evaluable patients ( Conclusions: Dapagliflozin treatment for 5 weeks resulted in major adjustments of metabolism mimicking caloric restriction, increased fat oxidation, improved hepatic and adipose insulin sensitivity, and improved 24-h energy metabolism.
MeSH term(s)	Benzhydryl Compounds ; Blood Glucose ; Cross-Over Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Double-Blind Method ; Energy Metabolism ; Glucosides ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Middle Aged ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Benzhydryl Compounds ; Blood Glucose ; Glucosides ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ; dapagliflozin (1ULL0QJ8UC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	441231-x
ISSN	1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
ISSN (online)	1935-5548
ISSN	0149-5992
DOI	10.2337/dc20-2887
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Article ; Online: Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Parathyroid Localization of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Max H. M. C. Scheepers / Zaid Al-Difaie / Lloyd Brandts / Andrea Peeters / Bjorn Winkens / Mahdi Al-Taher / Sanne M. E. Engelen / Tim Lubbers / Bas Havekes / Nicole D. Bouvy / Alida A. Postma

Diagnostics, Vol 14, Iss 1, p

A Systematic Review

2023 Volume 25

Abstract	Accurate preoperative localization is crucial for successful minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Preoperative localization can be challenging in patients with recurrent and/or multigland disease (MGD). This has led clinicians to investigate multiple imaging techniques, most of which are associated with radiation exposure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers ionizing radiation-free and accurate imaging, making it an attractive alternative imaging modality. The objective of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the diagnostic performance of MRI in the localization of PHPT. PubMed and Embase libraries were searched from 1 January 2000 to 31 March 2023. Studies were included that investigated MRI techniques for the localization of PHPT. The exclusion criteria were (1) secondary/tertiary hyperparathyroidism, (2) studies that provided no diagnostic performance values, (3) studies published before 2000, and (4) studies using 0.5 Tesla MRI scanners. Twenty-four articles were included in the systematic review, with a total of 1127 patients with PHPT. In 14 studies investigating conventional MRI for PHPT localization, sensitivities varied between 39.1% and 94.3%. When employing more advanced MRI protocols like 4D MRI for PHPT localization in 11 studies, sensitivities ranged from 55.6% to 100%. The combination of MR imaging with functional techniques such as 18F-FCH-PET/MRI yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy, with sensitivities ranging from 84.2% to 100% in five studies. Despite the limitations of the available evidence, the results of this review indicate that the combination of MR imaging with functional imaging techniques such as 18F-FCH-PET/MRI yielded the highest diagnostic accuracy. Further research on emerging MR imaging modalities, such as 4D MRI and PET/MRI, is warranted, as MRI exposes patients to minimal or no ionizing radiation compared to other imaging modalities.
Keywords	magnetic resonance imaging ; primary hyperparathyroidism ; diagnostics ; preoperative ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Three weeks of time-restricted eating improves glucose homeostasis in adults with type 2 diabetes but does not improve insulin sensitivity: a randomised crossover trial.

Andriessen, Charlotte / Fealy, Ciarán E / Veelen, Anna / van Beek, Sten M M / Roumans, Kay H M / Connell, Niels J / Mevenkamp, Julian / Moonen-Kornips, Esther / Havekes, Bas / Schrauwen-Hinderling, Vera B / Hoeks, Joris / Schrauwen, Patrick

Diabetologia

2022 Volume 65, Issue 10, Page(s) 1710–1720

Abstract: Aims/hypothesis: Time-restricted eating (TRE) is suggested to improve metabolic health by limiting food intake to a defined time window, thereby prolonging the overnight fast. This prolonged fast is expected to lead to a more pronounced depletion of ... ...

Abstract	Aims/hypothesis: Time-restricted eating (TRE) is suggested to improve metabolic health by limiting food intake to a defined time window, thereby prolonging the overnight fast. This prolonged fast is expected to lead to a more pronounced depletion of hepatic glycogen stores overnight and might improve insulin sensitivity due to an increased need to replenish nutrient storage. Previous studies showed beneficial metabolic effects of 6-8 h TRE regimens in healthy, overweight adults under controlled conditions. However, the effects of TRE on glucose homeostasis in individuals with type 2 diabetes are unclear. Here, we extensively investigated the effects of TRE on hepatic glycogen levels and insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Fourteen adults with type 2 diabetes (BMI 30.5±4.2 kg/m Results: Results are depicted as mean ± SEM. Hepatic glycogen content was similar between TRE and control condition (0.15±0.01 vs 0.15±0.01 AU, p=0.88). M value was not significantly affected by TRE (19.6±1.8 vs 17.7±1.8 μmol kg Conclusions/interpretation: We show that a 10 h TRE regimen is a feasible, safe and effective means to improve 24 h glucose homeostasis in free-living adults with type 2 diabetes. However, these changes were not accompanied by changes in insulin sensitivity or hepatic glycogen. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03992248 FUNDING: ZonMW, 459001013.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Cross-Over Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance/physiology ; Lipids ; Liver Glycogen
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Insulin ; Lipids ; Liver Glycogen ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	1694-9
ISSN	1432-0428 ; 0012-186X
ISSN (online)	1432-0428
ISSN	0012-186X
DOI	10.1007/s00125-022-05752-z
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Article ; Online: Effect of β2-agonist treatment on insulin-stimulated peripheral glucose disposal in healthy men in a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

van Beek, Sten M M / Bruls, Yvonne M H / Vanweert, Froukje / Fealy, Ciarán E / Connell, Niels J / Schaart, Gert / Moonen-Kornips, Esther / Jörgensen, Johanna A / Vaz, Frédéric M / Smeets, Ellen T H C / Joris, Peter J / Gemmink, Anne / Houtkooper, Riekelt H / Hesselink, Matthijs K C / Bengtsson, Tore / Havekes, Bas / Schrauwen, Patrick / Hoeks, Joris

Nature communications

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 173

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	β
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Glucose/metabolism ; Clenbuterol/pharmacology ; Clenbuterol/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Cross-Over Studies ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Clenbuterol (XTZ6AXU7KN) ; Insulin
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-023-35798-5
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Article ; Online: Passive exposure to heat improves glucose metabolism in overweight humans.

Pallubinsky, Hannah / Phielix, Esther / Dautzenberg, Bas / Schaart, Gert / Connell, Niels J / de Wit-Verheggen, Vera / Havekes, Bas / van Baak, Marleen A / Schrauwen, Patrick / van Marken Lichtenbelt, Wouter D

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

2020 Volume 229, Issue 4, Page(s) e13488

Abstract: Aim: Heat exposure has been indicated to positively affect glucose metabolism. An involvement of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) in the enhancement of insulin sensitivity upon heat exposure has been previously suggested. Here, we performed an intervention ...

Abstract	Aim: Heat exposure has been indicated to positively affect glucose metabolism. An involvement of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) in the enhancement of insulin sensitivity upon heat exposure has been previously suggested. Here, we performed an intervention study exploring the effect of passive heat acclimation (PHA) on glucose metabolism and intracellular (a) HSP72 concentrations in overweight humans. Methods: Eleven non-diabetic overweight (BMI 27-35 kg/m Results: Despite a lack of change in iHSP72, 10 days of PHA reduced basal (9.7 ± 1.4 pre- vs 8.4 ± 2.1 μmol · kg Conclusion: Our results show that PHA for 10 days improves glucose metabolism and enhances fat metabolism, without changes in iHSP72. Further exploration of the therapeutic role of heat in cardio-metabolic disorders should be considered.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glucose Clamp Technique ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Middle Aged ; Overweight
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Insulin ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2218636-0
ISSN	1748-1716 ; 1748-1708
ISSN (online)	1748-1716
ISSN	1748-1708
DOI	10.1111/apha.13488
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