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  1. Article: Opposing functions of glutamatergic inputs between the globus pallidus external segment and substantia nigra pars reticulata.

    Yoshida, Atsushi / Hikosaka, Okihide

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: The indirect pathway of the basal ganglia, including the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus external segment (GPe), is believed to play a crucial role in suppressing involuntary movements. However, recent evidence suggests the STN and GPe also ...

    Abstract The indirect pathway of the basal ganglia, including the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus external segment (GPe), is believed to play a crucial role in suppressing involuntary movements. However, recent evidence suggests the STN and GPe also facilitate voluntary movements. This study hypothesized that excitatory inputs from the STN to the GPe contribute to this facilitation, and that excitatory projections to the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) are involved in the inhibition. To disrupt the STN-GPe or STN-SNr projections in monkeys during choice and fixation tasks, glutamate receptor inhibitors were injected into the GPe or SNr, which induced delayed saccade latencies toward good choices in the choice task (GPe) and caused frequent reflexive saccades to objects in the fixation task (SNr). Our findings suggest excitatory inputs to the GPe and SNr work in opposing manners, providing new insights that redefine our understanding of the functions of basal ganglia pathways.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.07.25.550377
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Salience memories formed by value, novelty and aversiveness jointly shape object responses in the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia

    Ali Ghazizadeh / Okihide Hikosaka

    Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 14

    Abstract: How object salience is encoded in the cortex and basal ganglia remains incompletely understood. Here, the authors show that individual prefrontal cortex neurons are jointly sensitive to the memory of value, aversiveness, novelty, and recency of objects, ... ...

    Abstract How object salience is encoded in the cortex and basal ganglia remains incompletely understood. Here, the authors show that individual prefrontal cortex neurons are jointly sensitive to the memory of value, aversiveness, novelty, and recency of objects, while the substantia nigra reticulata filters out novelty and recency signals but amplifies value and aversive memories.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Lateral habenula neurons signal step-by-step changes of reward prediction.

    Lee, Hyunchan / Hikosaka, Okihide

    iScience

    2022  Volume 25, Issue 11, Page(s) 105440

    Abstract: ... the lateral habenula (LHb), which inhibit dopamine neurons (Matsumoto and Hikosaka, 2007). LHb neurons showed ...

    Abstract In real life, multiple objects of different values are mixed in a variety of environments. To survive, animals need to find rewarding objects that may be located but hidden in particular contexts (e.g., environments) with bad objects that are unassociated with reward. Then, animals and humans pay attention to the enriched environment so that they can find the rewarding object vigorously. How can the brain initiate such behavior based on the context? We thus created a behavioral task for monkeys in which multiple contextual events (environment, action cue) sequentially occurred before objects appeared. We then studied the lateral habenula (LHb), which inhibit dopamine neurons (Matsumoto and Hikosaka, 2007). LHb neurons showed phasic responses in each event step-by-step across the sequential events, whose direction (excitation or inhibition) corresponded to the immediate change of the predicted value. Moreover, LHb neurons sequentially compared detailed prediction errors based on their significance in multiple contexts.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105440
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Lateral Habenula Responses During Eye Contact in a Reward Conditioning Task.

    Lee, Hyunchan / Hikosaka, Okihide

    Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience

    2022  Volume 16, Page(s) 815461

    Abstract: For many animals, social interaction may have intrinsic reward value over and above its utility as a means to the desired end. Eye contact is the starting point of interactions in many social animals, including primates, and abnormal patterns of eye ... ...

    Abstract For many animals, social interaction may have intrinsic reward value over and above its utility as a means to the desired end. Eye contact is the starting point of interactions in many social animals, including primates, and abnormal patterns of eye contact are present in many mental disorders. Whereas abundant previous studies have shown that negative emotions such as fear strongly affect eye contact behavior, modulation of eye contact by reward has received scant attention. Here we recorded eye movement patterns and neural activity in lateral habenula while monkeys viewed faces in the context of Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning tasks. Faces associated with larger rewards spontaneously elicited longer periods of eye contact from the monkeys, even though this behavior was not required or advantaged in the task. Concurrently, lateral habenula neurons were suppressed by faces signaling high value and excited by faces signaling low value. These results suggest that the reward signaling of lateral habenula may contribute to social behavior and disorders, presumably through its connections with the basal ganglia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2452960-6
    ISSN 1662-5153
    ISSN 1662-5153
    DOI 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.815461
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Salience memories formed by value, novelty and aversiveness jointly shape object responses in the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia.

    Ghazizadeh, Ali / Hikosaka, Okihide

    Nature communications

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 6338

    Abstract: Ecological fitness depends on maintaining object histories to guide future interactions. Recent evidence shows that value memory changes passive visual responses to objects in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and substantia nigra reticulata (SNr). ...

    Abstract Ecological fitness depends on maintaining object histories to guide future interactions. Recent evidence shows that value memory changes passive visual responses to objects in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and substantia nigra reticulata (SNr). However, it is not known whether this effect is limited to reward history and if not how cross-domain representations are organized within the same or different neural populations in this corticobasal circuitry. To address this issue, visual responses of the same neurons across appetitive, aversive and novelty domains were recorded in vlPFC and SNr. Results showed that changes in visual responses across domains happened in the same rather than separate populations and were related to salience rather than valence of objects. Furthermore, while SNr preferentially encoded outcome related salience memory, vlPFC encoded salience memory across all domains in a correlated fashion, consistent with its role as an information hub to guide behavior.
    MeSH term(s) Basal Ganglia/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Reward ; Neurons/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-33514-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Lateral habenula neurons signal step-by-step changes of reward prediction

    Hyunchan Lee / Okihide Hikosaka

    iScience, Vol 25, Iss 11, Pp 105440- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: ... the lateral habenula (LHb), which inhibit dopamine neurons (Matsumoto and Hikosaka, 2007). LHb neurons showed ...

    Abstract Summary: In real life, multiple objects of different values are mixed in a variety of environments. To survive, animals need to find rewarding objects that may be located but hidden in particular contexts (e.g., environments) with bad objects that are unassociated with reward. Then, animals and humans pay attention to the enriched environment so that they can find the rewarding object vigorously. How can the brain initiate such behavior based on the context? We thus created a behavioral task for monkeys in which multiple contextual events (environment, action cue) sequentially occurred before objects appeared. We then studied the lateral habenula (LHb), which inhibit dopamine neurons (Matsumoto and Hikosaka, 2007). LHb neurons showed phasic responses in each event step-by-step across the sequential events, whose direction (excitation or inhibition) corresponded to the immediate change of the predicted value. Moreover, LHb neurons sequentially compared detailed prediction errors based on their significance in multiple contexts.
    Keywords Biological sciences ; Neuroscience ; Behavioral neuroscience ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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  7. Article: Neuronal mechanism of the encoding of socially familiar faces in the striatum tail.

    Kunimatsu, Jun / Amita, Hidetoshi / Hikosaka, Okihide

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

    2023  

    Abstract: Although we can quickly locate a familiar person even in a crowd, the underlying neuronal mechanism remains unclear. Recently, we found that the striatum tail (STRt), which is part of the basal ganglia, is sensitive to long-term reward history. Here, we ... ...

    Abstract Although we can quickly locate a familiar person even in a crowd, the underlying neuronal mechanism remains unclear. Recently, we found that the striatum tail (STRt), which is part of the basal ganglia, is sensitive to long-term reward history. Here, we show that long-term value-coding neurons are involved in the detection of socially familiar faces. Many STRt neurons respond to facial images, especially to those of socially familiar persons. Additionally, we found that these face-responsive neurons also encode the stable values of many objects based on long-term reward experiences. Interestingly, the strength of neuronal modulation of social familiarity bias (familiar or unfamiliar) and object value bias (high-valued or low-valued) were positively correlated. These results suggest that both social familiarity and stable object-value information are mediated by a common neuronal mechanism. This mechanism may contribute to the rapid detection of familiar faces in real-world contexts.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2023.05.10.540108
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Book ; Conference proceedings: Dynamics of perception

    Hikosaka, Okihide

    (Biomedical research ; 14, Suppl. 4)

    1993  

    Event/congress International Symposium on Dynamics of Perception (3, 1993, Okazaki)
    Author's details Third International Symposium on "Dynamics of Perception", Okazaki, Japan, January 27 - 29, 1993. Ed.: O. Hikosaka
    Series title Biomedical research ; 14, Suppl. 4
    Collection
    Keywords Perception / congresses
    Language English
    Size 129 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher Biomed. Research Foundation
    Publishing place Tokyo
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Book ; Conference proceedings
    HBZ-ID HT006501713
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Shelf markLoan statusLocation
    Zs A 1654 -14,Suppl.4- verfügbar in Königswinter Königswinter

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  9. Article ; Online: Common coding of expected value and value uncertainty memories in the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia output.

    Ghazizadeh, Ali / Hikosaka, Okihide

    Science advances

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 20

    Abstract: Recent evidence implicates both basal ganglia and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) in encoding value memories. However, comparative roles of cortical and basal nodes in value memory are not well understood. Here, single-unit recordings in vlPFC ... ...

    Abstract Recent evidence implicates both basal ganglia and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) in encoding value memories. However, comparative roles of cortical and basal nodes in value memory are not well understood. Here, single-unit recordings in vlPFC and substantia nigra reticulata (SNr), within macaque monkeys, revealed a larger value signal in SNr that was nevertheless correlated with and had a comparable onset to the vlPFC value signal. The value signal was maintained for many objects (>90) many weeks after reward learning and was resistant to extinction in both regions and to repetition suppression in vlPFC. Both regions showed comparable granularity in encoding expected value and value uncertainty, which was paralleled by enhanced gaze bias during free viewing. The value signal dynamics in SNr could be predicted by combining responses of vlPFC neurons according to their value preferences consistent with a scheme in which cortical neurons reached SNr via direct and indirect pathways.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.abe0693
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Environmental context-dependent activation of dopamine neurons via putative amygdala-nigra pathway in macaques.

    Maeda, Kazutaka / Inoue, Ken-Ichi / Takada, Masahiko / Hikosaka, Okihide

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 2282

    Abstract: Seeking out good and avoiding bad objects is critical for survival. In practice, objects are rarely good every time or everywhere, but only at the right time or place. Whereas the basal ganglia (BG) are known to mediate goal-directed behavior, for ... ...

    Abstract Seeking out good and avoiding bad objects is critical for survival. In practice, objects are rarely good every time or everywhere, but only at the right time or place. Whereas the basal ganglia (BG) are known to mediate goal-directed behavior, for example, saccades to rewarding objects, it remains unclear how such simple behaviors are rendered contingent on higher-order factors, including environmental context. Here we show that amygdala neurons are sensitive to environments and may regulate putative dopamine (DA) neurons via an inhibitory projection to the substantia nigra (SN). In male macaques, we combined optogenetics with multi-channel recording to demonstrate that rewarding environments induce tonic firing changes in DA neurons as well as phasic responses to rewarding events. These responses may be mediated by disinhibition via a GABAergic projection onto DA neurons, which in turn is suppressed by an inhibitory projection from the amygdala. Thus, the amygdala may provide an additional source of learning to BG circuits, namely contingencies imposed by the environment.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Animals ; Dopaminergic Neurons/metabolism ; Action Potentials/physiology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Substantia Nigra/metabolism ; Amygdala/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Dopamine (VTD58H1Z2X)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-37584-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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