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Article: Prévalence de la carie dentaire chez l'enfant avant et après un programme de prévention en Seine-Saint-Denis.

Dargent-Paré, C / Wolikow, M / Brafman, J / Letrait, S / Boissonnat, V / Espié, J P

Revue d'epidemiologie et de sante publique

1999 Volume 47, Issue 1, Page(s) 19–28

Abstract: Background: The Seine-Saint-Denis Council planned in 1984 a prevention strategy program ...

Title translation	Prevalence of dental caries in children before and after a prevention program in Seine-Saint-Denis.
Abstract	Background: The Seine-Saint-Denis Council planned in 1984 a prevention strategy program among schoolchildren which consisted in a health educational campaign and fluoridation therapy. The purpose of this paper was to present the evolution of dental caries among 11-year-old children from a low-income country after 8 years of prevention and to discuss further orientations in prevention. Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 1984 and 1992 on, respectively, 1,907 and 2,771 schoolchildren attending primary schools of the department. The DMF index, summing up the total number of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth was used to assess dentition status. Results: The DMF index ranged from 3.38 in 1984 to 1.99 in 1992, a 41% decrease. This decrease was associated with a change of the distribution in DMF, the percentage of caries-free children increasing from 19% to 42% after 8 years. 83% of the decayed teeth were first molars. In 1992, only 24% of children received comprehensive care. In both surveys, the prevalence of dental caries was related to socio-economic status. Conclusions: Prevention strategy in this low-income county, led to improved dental health among children. However, the study design did not allow for evaluation of the impact of preventive measures on the evolution of dental caries prevalence. The community program contributed to improved dental health in most children even if it could not prevent the development of dental caries in very low-income children with severely decayed teeth and no access to dental care. Further steps in order to improve prevention, including use of sealants among these children, are under evaluation.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; DMF Index ; Dental Caries/diagnosis ; Dental Caries/epidemiology ; Dental Caries/prevention & control ; Female ; France ; Health Education, Dental ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors
Language	French
Publishing date	1999-03
Publishing country	France
Document type	Comparative Study ; English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	199128-0
ISSN	0398-7620
ISSN	0398-7620
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Article: The amygdala mediates the facilitating influence of emotions on memory through multiple interacting mechanisms.

Paré, Denis / Headley, Drew B

Neurobiology of stress

2023 Volume 24, Page(s) 100529

Abstract: Emotionally arousing experiences are better remembered than neutral ones, highlighting that memory consolidation differentially promotes retention of experiences depending on their survival value. This paper reviews evidence indicating that the ... ...

Abstract	Emotionally arousing experiences are better remembered than neutral ones, highlighting that memory consolidation differentially promotes retention of experiences depending on their survival value. This paper reviews evidence indicating that the basolateral amygdala (BLA) mediates the facilitating influence of emotions on memory through multiple mechanisms. Emotionally arousing events, in part by triggering the release of stress hormones, cause a long-lasting enhancement in the firing rate and synchrony of BLA neurons. BLA oscillations, particularly gamma, play an important role in synchronizing the activity of BLA neurons. In addition, BLA synapses are endowed with a unique property, an elevated post-synaptic expression of NMDA receptors. As a result, the synchronized gamma-related recruitment of BLA neurons facilitates synaptic plasticity at other inputs converging on the same target neurons. Given that emotional experiences are spontaneously remembered during wake and sleep, and that REM sleep is favorable to the consolidation of emotional memories, we propose a synthesis for the various lines of evidence mentioned above: gamma-related synchronized firing of BLA cells potentiates synapses between cortical neurons that were recruited during an emotional experience, either by tagging these cells for subsequent reactivation or by enhancing the effects of reactivation itself.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2816500-7
ISSN	2352-2895
ISSN	2352-2895
DOI	10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100529
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Article ; Online: The Basolateral Amygdala Sends a Mixed (GABAergic and Glutamatergic) Projection to the Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus.

Ahmed, Nowrin / Paré, Denis

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

2023 Volume 43, Issue 12, Page(s) 2104–2115

Abstract: The medial prefrontal cortex receives converging inputs from the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) and basolateral amygdala (BLA). Although many studies reported that the BLA also projects to MD, there is conflicting evidence regarding this projection, ... ...

Abstract	The medial prefrontal cortex receives converging inputs from the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) and basolateral amygdala (BLA). Although many studies reported that the BLA also projects to MD, there is conflicting evidence regarding this projection, with some data suggesting that it originates from GABAergic or glutamatergic neurons. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the neurotransmitter used by MD-projecting BLA cells in male and female rats. We first examined whether BLA cells retrogradely labeled by Fast Blue infusions in MD are immunopositive for multiple established markers of BLA interneurons. A minority of MD-projecting BLA cells expressed somatostatin (∼22%) or calretinin (∼11%) but not other interneuronal markers, suggesting that BLA neurons projecting to MD not only include glutamatergic cells, but also long-range GABAergic neurons. Second, we examined the responses of MD cells to optogenetic activation of BLA axons using whole-cell recordings
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Male ; Female ; Animals ; Basolateral Nuclear Complex/physiology ; Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Interneurons ; GABAergic Neurons
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	604637-x
ISSN	1529-2401 ; 0270-6474
ISSN (online)	1529-2401
ISSN	0270-6474
DOI	10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1924-22.2022
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Article ; Online: Influence of Rat Central Thalamic Neurons on Foraging Behavior in a Hazardous Environment.

Herzallah, Mohammad M / Amir, Alon / Paré, Denis

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

2022 Volume 42, Issue 31, Page(s) 6053–6068

Abstract: Foraging entails a complex balance between approach and avoidance alongside sensorimotor and homeostatic processes under the control of multiple cortical and subcortical areas. Recently, it has become clear that several thalamic nuclei located near the ... ...

Abstract	Foraging entails a complex balance between approach and avoidance alongside sensorimotor and homeostatic processes under the control of multiple cortical and subcortical areas. Recently, it has become clear that several thalamic nuclei located near the midline regulate motivated behaviors. However, one midline thalamic nucleus that projects to key nodes in the foraging network, the central medial thalamic nucleus (CMT), has received little attention so far. Therefore, the present study examined CMT contributions to foraging behavior using inactivation and unit recording techniques in male rats. Inactivation of CMT or the basolateral amygdala (BLA) with muscimol abolished the normally cautious behavior of rats in the foraging task. Moreover, CMT neurons showed large but heterogeneous activity changes during the foraging task, with many neurons decreasing or increasing their discharge rates, with a modest bias for the latter. A generalized linear model revealed that the nature (inhibitory vs excitatory) and relative magnitude of the activity modulations seen in CMT neurons differed markedly from those of principal BLA cells but were very similar to those of fast-spiking BLA interneurons. Together, these findings suggest that CMT is an important regulator of foraging behavior. In the Discussion, we consider how CMT is integrated into the network of structures that regulate foraging.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604637-x
ISSN	1529-2401 ; 0270-6474
ISSN (online)	1529-2401
ISSN	0270-6474
DOI	10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0461-22.2022
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Article ; Online: Optogenetic study of central medial and paraventricular thalamic projections to the basolateral amygdala.

Ahmed, Nowrin / Headley, Drew B / Paré, Denis

Journal of neurophysiology

2021 Volume 126, Issue 4, Page(s) 1234–1247

Abstract: The central medial (CMT) and paraventricular (PVT) thalamic nuclei project strongly to the basolateral amygdala (BL). Similarities between the responsiveness of CMT, PVT, and BL neurons suggest that these nuclei strongly influence BL activity. Supporting ...

Abstract	The central medial (CMT) and paraventricular (PVT) thalamic nuclei project strongly to the basolateral amygdala (BL). Similarities between the responsiveness of CMT, PVT, and BL neurons suggest that these nuclei strongly influence BL activity. Supporting this possibility, an electron microscopic study reported that, in contrast with other extrinsic afferents, CMT and PVT axon terminals form very few synapses with BL interneurons. However, since limited sampling is a concern in electron microscopic studies, the present investigation was undertaken to compare the impact of CMT and PVT thalamic inputs on principal and local-circuit BL neurons with optogenetic methods and whole cell recordings in vitro. Optogenetic stimulation of CMT and PVT axons elicited glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) or excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in principal cells and interneurons, but they generally had a longer latency in interneurons. Moreover, after blockade of polysynaptic interactions with tetrodotoxin (TTX), a lower proportion of interneurons (50%) than principal cells (90%) remained responsive to CMT and PVT inputs. Although the presence of TTX-resistant responses in some interneurons indicates that CMT and PVT inputs directly contact some local-circuit cells, their lower incidence and amplitude after TTX suggest that CMT and PVT inputs form fewer synapses with them than with principal BL cells. Together, these results indicate that CMT and PVT inputs mainly contact principal BL neurons such that when CMT or PVT neurons fire, limited feedforward inhibition counters their excitatory influence over principal BL cells. However, CMT and PVT axons can also recruit interneurons indirectly, via the activation of principal cells, thereby generating feedback inhibition.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Basolateral Nuclear Complex/physiology ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology ; Female ; Interneurons/physiology ; Male ; Midline Thalamic Nuclei/physiology ; Neural Inhibition/physiology ; Optogenetics ; Rats, Long-Evans ; Rats
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	80161-6
ISSN	1522-1598 ; 0022-3077
ISSN (online)	1522-1598
ISSN	0022-3077
DOI	10.1152/jn.00253.2021
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Article ; Online: Detection of Multiway Gamma Coordination Reveals How Frequency Mixing Shapes Neural Dynamics.

Haufler, Darrell / Paré, Denis

Neuron

2019 Volume 101, Issue 4, Page(s) 603–614.e6

Abstract: A principle of communication technology, frequency mixing, describes how novel oscillations are generated when rhythmic inputs converge on a nonlinearly activating target. As expected given that neurons are nonlinear integrators, it was demonstrated that ...

Abstract	A principle of communication technology, frequency mixing, describes how novel oscillations are generated when rhythmic inputs converge on a nonlinearly activating target. As expected given that neurons are nonlinear integrators, it was demonstrated that neuronal networks exhibit mixing in response to imposed oscillations of known frequencies. However, determining when mixing occurs in spontaneous conditions, where weaker or more variable rhythms prevail, has remained impractical. Here, we show that, by exploiting the predicted phase (rather than frequency) relationships between oscillations, the contributions of mixing can be readily identified, even in small samples of noisy data. Assessment of extracellular data using this approach revealed that frequency mixing is widely expressed in a state- and region-dependent manner and that oscillations emerging from mixing entrain unit activity. Frequency mixing is thus intrinsic to the structure of neural activity and contributes importantly to neural dynamics.
MeSH term(s)	Amygdala/cytology ; Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Gamma Rhythm ; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	808167-0
ISSN	1097-4199 ; 0896-6273
ISSN (online)	1097-4199
ISSN	0896-6273
DOI	10.1016/j.neuron.2018.12.028
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Zs.A 2496: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 92: Show issues

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Article ; Online: How phosphinated hydroxyurethane groups improve chemical resistance and flame retardant properties of alkyd resins?

Denis, Maxinne / Paré, Alan / Borgne, Damien Le / Sonnier, Rodolphe / Caillol, Sylvain / Negrell, Claire

Polymer Degradation and Stability. 2023 July 19, p.110477-

2023 , Page(s) 110477–

Abstract: A novel phosphorus containing polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) oligomer (DGGDAC-MXDA-DOPO), has been synthetized and grafted onto the remaining acid groups of alkyd resins in order to obtain hybrid poly(alkyd hydroxyurethane) (PAHU) resins with flame retardant ... ...

Abstract	A novel phosphorus containing polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) oligomer (DGGDAC-MXDA-DOPO), has been synthetized and grafted onto the remaining acid groups of alkyd resins in order to obtain hybrid poly(alkyd hydroxyurethane) (PAHU) resins with flame retardant properties. PAHU resins have demonstrated better alkali resistance than pure alkyd resins without PHU oligomer. Moreover, the grafting of PHU onto alkyd resin through the formation of amide bonds has exhibited thixotropic properties. The thermal and flame retardancy properties have been investigated through differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis-combustion flow calorimeter. The alkyd resins were applied as a coating on a wood surface and fire behavior was tested by cone calorimeter analysis. The most effective coating, by taking into account, the film properties and the flame retardant behavior contains 24 wt% of PHU (1.5 wt% P) and exhibited a 40 % reduction in peak of Heat Release Rate (pHRR) compared to the resins without PHU.
Keywords	calorimeters ; degradation ; fire behavior ; flame retardants ; heat ; phosphorus ; polymers ; thermogravimetry ; wood ; Alkyd resins ; polyhydroxyurethane ; poly(alkyd hydroxyurethane) ; hybrid resin ; flame retardant
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0719
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	1502217-1
ISSN	0141-3910
ISSN	0141-3910
DOI	10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110477
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book: Gating in cerebral networks

Steriade, Mircea / Paré, Denis

2007

Author's details	Mircea Steriade ; Denis Paré
Keywords	Brain / physiology ; Nerve Net ; Neural networks (Neurobiology)
Subject code	612.82
Language	English
Size	VIII, 331 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., 26cm
Publisher	Cambridge Univ. Press
Publishing place	Cambridge
Publishing country	Great Britain
Document type	Book
Note	Includes bibliographical references and index. - Formerly CIP
HBZ-ID	HT015378421
ISBN	978-0-521-85122-0 ; 0-521-85122-X
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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2008 A 1149	order for loan	Magazin

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Article ; Online: Different Multidimensional Representations across the Amygdalo-Prefrontal Network during an Approach-Avoidance Task.

Kyriazi, Pinelopi / Headley, Drew B / Paré, Denis

Neuron

2020 Volume 107, Issue 4, Page(s) 717–730.e5

Abstract: The prelimbic (PL) area and basolateral amygdala (lateral [LA] and basolateral [BL] nuclei) have closely related functions and similar extrinsic connectivity. Reasoning that the computational advantage of such redundancy should be reflected in ... ...

Abstract	The prelimbic (PL) area and basolateral amygdala (lateral [LA] and basolateral [BL] nuclei) have closely related functions and similar extrinsic connectivity. Reasoning that the computational advantage of such redundancy should be reflected in differences in how these structures represent information, we compared the coding properties of PL and amygdala neurons during a task that requires rats to produce different conditioned defensive or appetitive behaviors. Rather than unambiguous regional differences in the identities of the variables encoded, we found gradients in how the same variables are represented. Whereas PL and BL neurons represented many different parameters through minor variations in firing rates, LA cells coded fewer task features with stronger changes in activity. At the population level, whereas valence could be easily distinguished from amygdala activity, PL neurons could distinguish both valence and trial identity as well as or better than amygdala neurons. Thus, PL has greater representational capacity.
MeSH term(s)	Action Potentials/physiology ; Amygdala/physiology ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/physiology ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Fear/physiology ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Neural Pathways/physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Rats ; Reward
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	808167-0
ISSN	1097-4199 ; 0896-6273
ISSN (online)	1097-4199
ISSN	0896-6273
DOI	10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.039
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Zs.A 2496: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 92: Show issues

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Article: WHEN SCIENTIFIC PARADIGMS LEAD TO TUNNEL VISION: LESSONS FROM THE STUDY OF FEAR.

Paré, Denis / Quirk, Gregory J

NPJ science of learning

2017 Volume 2

Abstract: For the past 30 years, research on the amygdala has largely focused on the genesis of defensive behaviors as its main function. This focus originated from early lesion studies and was supported by extensive anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological ... ...

Abstract	For the past 30 years, research on the amygdala has largely focused on the genesis of defensive behaviors as its main function. This focus originated from early lesion studies and was supported by extensive anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological data. Here we argue that while much data is consistent with the fear model of amygdala function, it has never been directly tested, in part due to overreliance on the fear conditioning task. In support of the fear model, amygdala neurons appear to signal threats and/or stimuli predictive of threats. However, recent studies in a natural threat setting show that amygdala activity does not correlate with threats, but simply with the movement of the rat, independent of valence. This was true for both natural threats as well as conditioned stimuli; indeed there was no evidence of threat signaling in amygdala neurons. Similar findings are emerging for prefrontal neurons that modulate the amygdala. These recent developments lead us to propose a new conceptualization of amygdala function whereby the amygdala inhibits behavioral engagement. Moreover, we propose that the goal of understanding the amygdala will be best served by shifting away from fear conditioning toward naturalistic approach and avoidance paradigms that involve decision making and a larger repertoire of spontaneous and learned behaviors, all the while keeping an open mind.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2056-7936
ISSN	2056-7936
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