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Article ; Online: Mechanosensitive Pathways in Heart Development: Findings from Chick Embryo Studies.

Alser, Maha / Shurbaji, Samar / Yalcin, Huseyin C

Journal of cardiovascular development and disease

2021 Volume 8, Issue 4

Abstract: The heart is the first organ that starts to function in a developing embryo. It continues to undergo dramatic morphological changes while pumping blood to the rest of the body. Genetic regulation of heart development is partly governed by hemodynamics. ... ...

Abstract	The heart is the first organ that starts to function in a developing embryo. It continues to undergo dramatic morphological changes while pumping blood to the rest of the body. Genetic regulation of heart development is partly governed by hemodynamics. Chick embryo is a major animal model that has been used extensively in cardiogenesis research. To reveal mechanosensitive pathways, a variety of surgical interferences and chemical treatments can be applied to the chick embryo to manipulate the blood flow. Such manipulations alter expressions of mechanosensitive genes which may anticipate induction of morphological changes in the developing heart. This paper aims to present different approaches for generating clinically relevant disturbed hemodynamics conditions using this embryonic chick model and to summarize identified mechanosensitive genes using the model, providing insights into embryonic origins of congenital heart defects.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2777082-5
ISSN	2308-3425 ; 2308-3425
ISSN (online)	2308-3425
ISSN	2308-3425
DOI	10.3390/jcdd8040032
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Zebrafish as a Model for Anticancer Nanomedicine Studies.

Al-Thani, Hissa F / Shurbaji, Samar / Yalcin, Huseyin C

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 14, Issue 7

Abstract: Nanomedicine is a new approach to fight against cancer by the development of anticancer nanoparticles (NPs) that are of high sensitivity, specificity, and targeting ability to detect cancer cells, such as the ability of Silica NPs in targeting epithelial ...

Abstract	Nanomedicine is a new approach to fight against cancer by the development of anticancer nanoparticles (NPs) that are of high sensitivity, specificity, and targeting ability to detect cancer cells, such as the ability of Silica NPs in targeting epithelial cancer cells. However, these anticancer NPs require preclinical testing, and zebrafish is a useful animal model for preclinical studies of anticancer NPs. This model affords a large sample size, optical imaging, and easy genetic manipulation that aid in nanomedicine studies. This review summarizes the numerous advantages of the zebrafish animal model for such investigation, various techniques for inducing cancer in zebrafish, and discusses the methods to assess cancer development in the model and to test for the toxicity of the anticancer drugs and NPs. In addition, it summarizes the recent studies that used zebrafish as a model to test the efficacy of several different anticancer NPs in treating cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph14070625
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Article ; Online: Review on the Visible Light Photocatalysis for the Decomposition of Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Tetracyclines, and Sulfonamides Antibiotics in Wastewater

Samar Shurbaji / Pham Thi Huong / Talal Mohammed Altahtamouni

Catalysts, Vol 11, Iss 437, p

2021 Volume 437

Abstract: Antibiotics are chemical compounds that are used to kill or prevent bacterial growth. They are used in different fields, such as the medical field, agriculture, and veterinary. Antibiotics end up in wastewater, which causes the threat of developing ... ...

Abstract	Antibiotics are chemical compounds that are used to kill or prevent bacterial growth. They are used in different fields, such as the medical field, agriculture, and veterinary. Antibiotics end up in wastewater, which causes the threat of developing antibacterial resistance; therefore, antibiotics must be eliminated from wastewater. Different conventional elimination methods are limited due to their high cost and effort, or incomplete elimination. Semiconductor-assisted photocatalysis arises as an effective elimination method for different organic wastes including antibiotics. A variety of semiconducting materials were tested to eliminate antibiotics from wastewater; nevertheless, research is still ongoing due to some limitations. This review summarizes the recent studies regarding semiconducting material modifications for antibiotic degradation using visible light irradiation.
Keywords	antibiotics ; photocatalysis ; doping ; heterojunction ; surface plasmon resonance ; wastewater ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Do Changes in

Yalcin, Huseyin C / Sukumaran, Vijayakumar / Al-Ruweidi, Mahmoud Khatib A A / Shurbaji, Samar

International journal of molecular sciences

2021 Volume 22, Issue 13

Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme ( ...

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme (
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/chemistry ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/physiology ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; COVID-19/virology ; Host Microbial Interactions ; Humans ; Lung/metabolism ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; Virulence
Chemical Substances	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms22136703
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Article ; Online: Zebrafish as a Model for Anticancer Nanomedicine Studies

Hissa F. Al-Thani / Samar Shurbaji / Huseyin C. Yalcin

Pharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 625, p

2021 Volume 625

Abstract	Nanomedicine is a new approach to fight against cancer by the development of anticancer nanoparticles (NPs) that are of high sensitivity, specificity, and targeting ability to detect cancer cells, such as the ability of Silica NPs in targeting epithelial cancer cells. However, these anticancer NPs require preclinical testing, and zebrafish is a useful animal model for preclinical studies of anticancer NPs. This model affords a large sample size, optical imaging, and easy genetic manipulation that aid in nanomedicine studies. This review summarizes the numerous advantages of the zebrafish animal model for such investigation, various techniques for inducing cancer in zebrafish, and discusses the methods to assess cancer development in the model and to test for the toxicity of the anticancer drugs and NPs. In addition, it summarizes the recent studies that used zebrafish as a model to test the efficacy of several different anticancer NPs in treating cancer.
Keywords	zebrafish ; cancer ; nanomedicine ; nanoparticle ; pre-clinical ; Medicine ; R ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Dexamethasone and transdehydroandrosterone significantly reduce pulmonary epithelial cell injuries associated with mechanical ventilation.

Al-Ruweidi, Mahmoud Khatib A A / Ali, Fatma Hassan / Shurbaji, Samar / Popelka, Anton / Yalcin, Huseyin C

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

2021 Volume 130, Issue 4, Page(s) 1143–1151

Abstract: Many patients who suffer from pulmonary diseases cannot inflate their lungs normally, as they need mechanical ventilation (MV) to assist them. The stress associated with MV can damage the delicate epithelium in small airways and alveoli, which can cause ... ...

Abstract	Many patients who suffer from pulmonary diseases cannot inflate their lungs normally, as they need mechanical ventilation (MV) to assist them. The stress associated with MV can damage the delicate epithelium in small airways and alveoli, which can cause complications resulting in ventilation-induced lung injuries (VILIs) in many cases, especially in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, efforts were directed to develop safe modes for MV. In our work, we propose a different approach to decrease injuries of epithelial cells (EpCs) upon MV. We alter EpCs' cytoskeletal structure to increase their survival rate during airway reopening conditions associated with MV. We tested two anti-inflammatory drugs dexamethasone (DEX) and transdehydroandrosterone (DHEA) to alter the cytoskeleton. Cultured rat L2 alveolar EpCs were exposed to airway reopening conditions using a parallel-plate perfusion chamber. Cells were exposed to a single bubble propagation to simulate stresses associated with mechanical ventilation in both control and study groups. Cellular injury and cytoskeleton reorganization were assessed via fluorescence microscopy, whereas cell topography was studied via atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results indicate that culturing cells in media, DEX solution, or DHEA solution did not lead to cell death (static cultures). Bubble flows caused significant cell injury. Preexposure to DEX or DHEA decreased cell death significantly. The AFM verified alteration of cell mechanics due to actin fiber depolymerization. These results suggest potential beneficial effects of DEX and DHEA for ARDS treatment for patients with COVID-19. They are also critical for VILIs and applicable to future clinical studies.
MeSH term(s)	Androsterone/therapeutic use ; Animals ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; COVID-19/therapy ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytoskeleton/drug effects ; Dexamethasone/therapeutic use ; Epithelial Cells/drug effects ; Lung Injury/drug therapy ; Lung Injury/etiology ; Rats ; Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Dexamethasone (7S5I7G3JQL) ; Androsterone (C24W7J5D5R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219139-8
ISSN	1522-1601 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
ISSN (online)	1522-1601
ISSN	0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
DOI	10.1152/japplphysiol.00574.2020
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Article: Reduced Cardiotoxicity of Ponatinib-Loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA Nanoparticles in Zebrafish Xenograft Model.

Al-Thani, Hissa F / Shurbaji, Samar / Zakaria, Zain Zaki / Hasan, Maram H / Goracinova, Katerina / Korashy, Hesham M / Yalcin, Huseyin C

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 11

Abstract: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the new generation of anti-cancer drugs with high potential against cancer cells' proliferation and growth. However, TKIs are associated with severe cardiotoxicity, limiting their clinical value. One TKI that has ... ...

Abstract	Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the new generation of anti-cancer drugs with high potential against cancer cells' proliferation and growth. However, TKIs are associated with severe cardiotoxicity, limiting their clinical value. One TKI that has been developed recently but not explored much is Ponatinib. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) as a better therapeutic agent to deliver anti-cancer drugs and reduce their cardiotoxicity has been recently considered. In this study, with the aim to reduce Ponatinib cardiotoxicity, Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-b-poly(ethyleneoxide)-b-poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock copolymer was used to synthesize Ponatinib in loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA NPs for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. In addition to physicochemical NPs characterization (NPs shape, size, size distribution, surface charge, dissolution rate, drug content, and efficacy of encapsulation) the efficacy and safety of these drug-delivery systems were assessed in vivo using zebrafish. Zebrafish are a powerful animal model for investigating the cardiotoxicity associated with anti-cancer drugs such as TKIs, to determine the optimum concentration of smart NPs with the least side effects, and to generate a xenograft model of several cancer types. Therefore, the cardiotoxicity of unloaded and drug-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA NPs was studied using the zebrafish model by measuring the survival rate and cardiac function parameters, and therapeutic concentration for in vivo efficacy studies was optimized in an in vivo setting. Further, the efficacy of drug-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA NPs was tested on the zebrafish cancer xenograft model, in which human myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 was transplanted into zebrafish embryos. Our results demonstrated that the Ponatinib-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA NPs at a concentration of 0.001 mg/mL are non-toxic/non-cardio-toxic in the studied zebrafish xenograft model.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma15113960
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Article ; Online: Application of a Flow-Induced Stress Wave and Investigation of Associated Injuries on Cell Monolayers Using a Parallel Plate Flow Chamber.

Shurbaji, Samar / Al-Ruweidi, Mahmoud Khatib A A / Ali, Fatma Hassan / Benslimane, Fatiha M / Yalcin, Huseyin C

Methods and protocols

2020 Volume 3, Issue 4

Abstract: Parallel plate flow chambers are widely used to expose cultured cells to physiological flows for the investigation of a variety of diseases. These applications usually involve the generation of continuous and steady fluid flow over cell monolayers for ... ...

Abstract	Parallel plate flow chambers are widely used to expose cultured cells to physiological flows for the investigation of a variety of diseases. These applications usually involve the generation of continuous and steady fluid flow over cell monolayers for extended durations, usually a few days. Another technique is to generate a fast high-stress wave over the cells to see the immediate effect of flow-induced stresses. This can be achieved by propagating an air/liquid interface, in other words, a bubble, over cell monolayers. The approach is relevant to the reopening event of fluid-filled lung bronchioles and alveoli during mechanical ventilation therapy of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. This article explains how we generate a stress wave using a parallel plate flow chamber and presents representative results of this wave on cultured lung epithelial cells.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2409-9279
ISSN (online)	2409-9279
DOI	10.3390/mps3040065
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Article: Effect of Flow-Induced Shear Stress in Nanomaterial Uptake by Cells: Focus on Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapy.

Shurbaji, Samar / G Anlar, Gulsen / A Hussein, Essraa / Elzatahry, Ahmed / C Yalcin, Huseyin

Cancers

2020 Volume 12, Issue 7

Abstract: Recently, nanomedicines have gained a great deal of attention in diverse biomedical applications, including anti-cancer therapy. Being different from normal tissue, the biophysical microenvironment of tumor cells and cancer cell mechanics should be ... ...

Abstract	Recently, nanomedicines have gained a great deal of attention in diverse biomedical applications, including anti-cancer therapy. Being different from normal tissue, the biophysical microenvironment of tumor cells and cancer cell mechanics should be considered for the development of nanostructures as anti-cancer agents. Throughout the last decades, many efforts devoted to investigating the distinct cancer environment and understanding the interactions between tumor cells and have been applied bio-nanomaterials. This review highlights the microenvironment of cancer cells and how it is different from that of healthy tissue. We gave special emphasis to the physiological shear stresses existing in the cancerous surroundings, since these stresses have a profound effect on cancer cell/nanoparticle interaction. Finally, this study reviews relevant examples of investigations aimed at clarifying the cellular nanoparticle uptake behavior under both static and dynamic conditions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers12071916
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Article ; Online: Do Changes in ACE-2 Expression Affect SARS-CoV-2 Virulence and Related Complications

Huseyin C. Yalcin / Vijayakumar Sukumaran / Mahmoud Khatib A. A. Al-Ruweidi / Samar Shurbaji

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 6703, p

A Closer Look into Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms

2021 Volume 6703

Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE-2 ) for cell entry and infection. This enzyme has important functions in the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system to preserve cardiovascular function. In addition to the heart, it is ... ...

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE-2 ) for cell entry and infection. This enzyme has important functions in the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system to preserve cardiovascular function. In addition to the heart, it is expressed in many tissues including the lung, intestines, brain, and kidney, however, its functions in these organs are mostly unknown. ACE-2 has membrane-bound and soluble forms. Its expression levels are altered in disease states and by a variety of medications. Currently, it is not clear how altered ACE-2 levels influence ACE-2 virulence and relevant complications. In addition, membrane-bound and soluble forms are thought to have different effects. Most work on this topic in the literature is on the SARS-CoV virus that has a high genetic resemblance to SARS-Co-V-2 and also uses ACE-2 enzyme to enter the cell, but with much lower affinity. More recent studies on SARS-CoV-2 are mainly clinical studies aiming at relating the effect of medications that are thought to influence ACE-2 levels, with COVID-19 outcomes for patients under these medications. This review paper aims to summarize what is known about the relationship between ACE-2 levels and SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 virulence under altered ACE-2 expression states.
Keywords	ACE-2 ; SARS-CoV ; COVID-19 ; shedding ; ACE inhibitors ; RAAS ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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