Article ; Online: Implementation of the Modified Canadian C-Spine Rule by Paramedics.
2022 Volume 81, Issue 2, Page(s) 187–196
Abstract: Study objective: The Canadian C-spine rule was modified and validated for use by the paramedics ... in a multicenter study where patients were assessed with the Canadian C-spine rule yet all transported ... with immobilization. This study evaluated the clinical impact of the modified Canadian C-spine rule when implemented ...
Abstract | Study objective: The Canadian C-spine rule was modified and validated for use by the paramedics in a multicenter study where patients were assessed with the Canadian C-spine rule yet all transported with immobilization. This study evaluated the clinical impact of the modified Canadian C-spine rule when implemented by paramedics. Methods: This single-center prospective cohort implementation study took place in Ottawa, Canada (from 2011 to 2015). Advanced and primary care paramedics were trained to use the modified Canadian C-spine rule, collect data on a standardized study form, and selectively transport eligible patients without immobilization. We evaluated all consecutive low-risk adult patients (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] 15, stable vital signs) at risk for a neck injury. We followed all patients without initial radiologic evaluation for 30 days. Analyses included descriptive statistics with 95% confidence intervals (CI), sensitivity, specificity, and kappa coefficients. Results: The 4,034 enrolled patients had a mean age of 43 (range 16 to 99), and 53.4% were female. Motor vehicle collisions were the most common mechanism of injury (55.1%), followed by falls (23.9%). There were 11 clinically important injuries. The paramedics classified these injuries with a sensitivity of 90.9% (95% CI, 58.7 to 99.8) and specificity of 66.5% (95% CI, 65.1 to 68.0). There was no adverse event or resulting spinal cord injury. The kappa agreement between paramedics and investigators was 0.94. A total of 2,583 (64.0%) immobilizations were avoided using the modified Canadian C-spine rule. Conclusion: Paramedics could accurately apply the modified Canadian C-spine rule to low-risk trauma patients and significantly reduce the need for spinal immobilization during transport. This resulted in no adverse event or any spinal cord injury. |
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MeSH term(s) | Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Paramedics ; Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Cervical Vertebrae/injuries ; Spinal Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Canada ; Spinal Cord Injuries |
Language | English |
Publishing date | 2022-10-31 |
Publishing country | United States |
Document type | Multicenter Study ; Journal Article |
ZDB-ID | 603080-4 |
ISSN | 1097-6760 ; 0196-0644 |
ISSN (online) | 1097-6760 |
ISSN | 0196-0644 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.441 |
Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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