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Article ; Online: Regression analysis of multivariate recurrent event data allowing time-varying dependence with application to stroke registry data.

Li, Wen / Rahbar, Mohammad H / Savitz, Sean I / Zhang, Jing / Kim Lundin, Sori / Tahanan, Amirali / Ning, Jing

2024 Volume 33, Issue 2, Page(s) 309–320

Abstract: In multivariate recurrent event data, each patient may repeatedly experience more than one type of event. Analysis of such data gets further complicated by the time-varying dependence structure among different types of recurrent events. The available ... ...

Abstract	In multivariate recurrent event data, each patient may repeatedly experience more than one type of event. Analysis of such data gets further complicated by the time-varying dependence structure among different types of recurrent events. The available literature regarding the joint modeling of multivariate recurrent events assumes a constant dependency over time, which is strict and often violated in practice. To close the knowledge gap, we propose a class of flexible shared random effects models for multivariate recurrent event data that allow for time-varying dependence to adequately capture complex correlation structures among different types of recurrent events. We developed an expectation-maximization algorithm for stable and efficient model fitting. Extensive simulation studies demonstrated that the estimators of the proposed approach have satisfactory finite sample performance. We applied the proposed model and the estimating method to data from a cohort of stroke patients identified in the University of Texas Houston Stroke Registry and evaluated the effects of risk factors and the dependence structure of different types of post-stroke readmission events.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Routinely Collected Health Data ; Regression Analysis ; Computer Simulation ; Stroke ; Models, Statistical ; Recurrence
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1136948-6
ISSN	1477-0334 ; 0962-2802
ISSN (online)	1477-0334
ISSN	0962-2802
DOI	10.1177/09622802231226330
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Zs.A 3564: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Enhancing long-term survival prediction with two short-term events: Landmarking with a flexible varying coefficient model.

Li, Wen / Wang, Qian / Ning, Jing / Zhang, Jing / Li, Zhouxuan / Savitz, Sean I / Tahanan, Amirali / Rahbar, Mohammad H

Statistics in medicine

2024

Abstract: Patients with cardiovascular diseases who experience disease-related short-term events, such as hospitalizations, often exhibit diverse long-term survival outcomes compared to others. In this study, we aim to improve the prediction of long-term survival ... ...

Abstract	Patients with cardiovascular diseases who experience disease-related short-term events, such as hospitalizations, often exhibit diverse long-term survival outcomes compared to others. In this study, we aim to improve the prediction of long-term survival probability by incorporating two short-term events using a flexible varying coefficient landmark model. Our objective is to predict the long-term survival among patients who survived up to a pre-specified landmark time since the initial admission. Inverse probability weighting estimation equations are formed based on the information of the short-term outcomes before the landmark time. The kernel smoothing method with the use of cross-validation for bandwidth selection is employed to estimate the time-varying coefficients. The predictive performance of the proposed model is evaluated and compared using predictive measures: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and Brier score. Simulation studies confirm that parameters under the landmark models can be estimated accurately and the predictive performance of the proposed method consistently outperforms existing methods that either do not incorporate or only partially incorporate information from two short-term events. We demonstrate the practical application of our model using a community-based cohort from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	843037-8
ISSN	1097-0258 ; 0277-6715
ISSN (online)	1097-0258
ISSN	0277-6715
DOI	10.1002/sim.10086
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Zs.A 1756: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Role of faculty characteristics in failing to fail in clinical clerkships.

Swails, Jennifer L / Gadgil, Meghana A / Goodrum, Heath / Gupta, Resmi / Rahbar, Mohammad H / Bernstam, Elmer V

Medical education

2022 Volume 56, Issue 6, Page(s) 634–640

Abstract: Introduction: In the context of competency-based medical education, poor student performance must be accurately documented to allow learners to improve and to protect the public. However, faculty may be reluctant to provide evaluations that could be ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: In the context of competency-based medical education, poor student performance must be accurately documented to allow learners to improve and to protect the public. However, faculty may be reluctant to provide evaluations that could be perceived as negative, and clerkship directors report that some students pass who should have failed. Student perception of faculty may be considered in faculty promotion, teaching awards, and leadership positions. Therefore, faculty of lower academic rank may perceive themselves to be more vulnerable and, therefore, be less likely to document poor student performance. This study investigated faculty characteristics associated with low performance evaluations (LPEs). Method: The authors analysed individual faculty evaluations of medical students who completed the third-year clerkships over 15 years using a generalised mixed regression model to assess the association of evaluator academic rank with likelihood of an LPE. Other available factors related to experience or academic vulnerability were incorporated including faculty age, race, ethnicity, and gender. Results: The authors identified 50 120 evaluations by 585 faculty on 3447 students between January 2007 and April 2021. Faculty were more likely to give LPEs at the midpoint (4.9%), compared with the final (1.6%), evaluation (odds ratio [OR] = 4.004, 95% confidence interval [CI] [3.59, 4.53]; p < 0.001). The likelihood of LPE decreased significantly during the 15-year study period (OR = 0.94 [0.90, 0.97]; p < 0.01). Full professors were significantly more likely to give an LPE than assistant professors (OR = 1.62 [1.08, 2.43]; p = 0.02). Women were more likely to give LPEs than men (OR = 1.88 [1.37, 2.58]; p 0.01). Other faculty characteristics including race and experience were not associated with LPE. Conclusions: The number of LPEs decreased over time, and senior faculty were more likely to document poor medical student performance compared with assistant professors.
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Clerkship ; Faculty ; Faculty, Medical ; Female ; Humans ; Leadership ; Male ; Students, Medical
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	195274-2
ISSN	1365-2923 ; 0308-0110
ISSN (online)	1365-2923
ISSN	0308-0110
DOI	10.1111/medu.14725
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Zs.B 312: Show issues

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Article: Severity of Child Autistic Symptoms and Parenting Stress in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Japan and USA: Cross-Cultural Differences.

Porter, Noriko / Loveland, Katherine A / Saroukhani, Sepideh / Posey, Yana / Morimoto, Kana / Rahbar, Mohammad H

Autism research and treatment

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 7089053

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the relationship between parenting stress and autistic symptom severity in the U.S. and Japan. Fifty-two U.S. and 51 Japanese mothers of children aged 2-12 with autism completed measures of parenting stress and ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to compare the relationship between parenting stress and autistic symptom severity in the U.S. and Japan. Fifty-two U.S. and 51 Japanese mothers of children aged 2-12 with autism completed measures of parenting stress and child characteristics, including the parenting stress index (PSI), the social communication questionnaire (SCQ), and social responsiveness scale-2 (SRS-2). There was a nonlinear relationship between the child's autistic symptom severity and parenting stress in both countries. We also found some cultural differences: in the parent domain, the relationships between children's SCQ scores and PSI scores differed significantly between the U.S. and Japan. Our findings suggest that autistic severity symptom scores may reflect cross-cultural differences in parenting beliefs, views toward autism, and response styles for evaluating children's behavior. The findings also suggest that parents need support regardless of the child's autism severity, including those with mild to moderate symptoms. Expanding on this line of research and understanding cultural influences on parenting stress may help service providers and agencies offer more culturally sensitive services, parent-education courses, and intervention programs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-12
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2626622-2
ISSN	2090-1933 ; 2090-1925
ISSN (online)	2090-1933
ISSN	2090-1925
DOI	10.1155/2022/7089053
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Article ; Online: Metabolomic profiles in Jamaican children with and without autism spectrum disorder.

Yazdani, Akram / Samms-Vaughan, Maureen / Saroukhani, Sepideh / Bressler, Jan / Hessabi, Manouchehr / Tahanan, Amirali / Grove, Megan L / Gangnus, Tanja / Putluri, Vasanta / Mostafa Kamal, Abu Hena / Putluri, Nagireddy / Loveland, Katherine A / Rahbar, Mohammad H

ArXiv

2024

Abstract: Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with a wide range of behavioral and cognitive impairments. While genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to its etiology, the underlying metabolic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with a wide range of behavioral and cognitive impairments. While genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to its etiology, the underlying metabolic perturbations associated with ASD which can potentially connect genetic and environmental factors, remain poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a metabolomic case-control study and performed a comprehensive analysis to identify significant alterations in metabolite profiles between children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Objective: To elucidate potential metabolomic signatures associated with ASD in children and identify specific metabolites that may serve as biomarkers for the disorder. Methods: We conducted metabolomic profiling on plasma samples from participants in the second phase of Epidemiological Research on Autism in Jamaica (ERAJ-2), which was a 1:1 age (±6 months)-and sex-matched cohort of 200 children with ASD and 200 TD controls (2-8 years old). Using high-throughput liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques, we performed a targeted metabolite analysis, encompassing amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and other key metabolic compounds. After quality control and imputation of missing values, we performed univariable and multivariable analysis using normalized metabolites while adjusting for covariates, age, sex, socioeconomic status, and child's parish of birth. Results: Our findings revealed unique metabolic patterns in children with ASD for four metabolites compared to TD controls. Notably, three of these metabolites were fatty acids, including myristoleic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, and octadecenoic acid. Additionally, the amino acid sarcosine exhibited a significant association with ASD. Conclusions: These findings highlight the role of metabolites in the etiology of ASD and suggest opportunities for the development of targeted interventions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
ISSN	2331-8422
ISSN (online)	2331-8422
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Article ; Online: Factors associated with blood mercury concentrations and their interactions with three glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1): an exposure assessment study of typically developing Jamaican children.

Zaman, Sheikh Farzana / Samms-Vaughan, Maureen / Saroukhani, Sepideh / Bressler, Jan / Hessabi, Manouchehr / Grove, Megan L / Pellington, Sydonnie Shakespeare / Loveland, Katherine A / Rahbar, Mohammad H

BMC pediatrics

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 14

Abstract: Background: Jamaican soil is abundant in heavy metals including mercury (Hg). Due to availability and ease of access, fish is a traditional dietary component in Jamaica and a significant source of Hg exposure. Mercury is a xenobiotic and known neuro- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Jamaican soil is abundant in heavy metals including mercury (Hg). Due to availability and ease of access, fish is a traditional dietary component in Jamaica and a significant source of Hg exposure. Mercury is a xenobiotic and known neuro-toxicant that affects children's neurodevelopment. Human glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, including GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1, affect Hg conjugation and elimination mechanisms. Methods: In this exposure assessment study we used data from 375 typically developing (TD) 2-8-year-old Jamaican children to explore the association between environmental Hg exposure, GST genes, and their interaction effects on blood Hg concentrations (BHgCs). We used multivariable general linear models (GLMs). Results: We identified the child's age, consumption of saltwater fish, canned fish (sardine, mackerel), string beans, grain, and starches (pasta, macaroni, noodles) as the environmental factors significantly associated with BHgCs (all P < 0.05). A significant interaction between consumption of canned fish (sardine, mackerel) and GSTP1 in relation to BHgC using either a co-dominant or recessive genetic model (overall interaction P = 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) indicated that consumption of canned fish (sardine, mackerel) was significantly associated with higher mean BHgC only among children with the GSTP1 Ile105Val, Ile/Ile [Ratio of mean Hg (95% CI) = 1.59 (1.09, 2.32), P = 0.02] and Ile/Val [Ratio of mean Hg (95% CI) = 1.46 (1.12, 1.91), P = 0.01] genotypes. Conclusions: Since this is the first study from Jamaica to report these findings, replication in other populations is recommended.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Case-Control Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Glutathione Transferase/genetics ; Jamaica ; Mercury/blood ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Glutathione Transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) ; GSTP1 protein, human (EC 2.5.1.18) ; Mercury (FXS1BY2PGL) ; glutathione S-transferase M1 (EC 2.5.1.18) ; glutathione S-transferase T1 (EC 2.5.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2041342-7
ISSN	1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
ISSN (online)	1471-2431
ISSN	1471-2431
DOI	10.1186/s12887-023-04452-w
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Article ; Online: In Silico

Sarmadi, Soroush / Rahbar, Mohammad Reza / Najafi, Hamideh / Chukwudozie, Onyeka S / Morowvat, Mohammad Hossein

Recent patents on biotechnology

2023 Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 162–176

Abstract: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory disease that is associated with severe damage to other human organs. It causes by a novel coronavirus, and it is spreading all over the world. To date, there is some approved vaccine ...

Abstract	Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory disease that is associated with severe damage to other human organs. It causes by a novel coronavirus, and it is spreading all over the world. To date, there is some approved vaccine or therapeutic agent which could be effective against this disease. But their effectiveness against mutated strains is not studied completely. The spike glycoprotein on the surface of the coronaviruses gives the virus the ability to bind to host cell receptors and enter cells. Inhibition of attachment of these spikes can lead to virus neutralization by inhibiting viral entrance. Aims: In this study, we tried to use the virus entrance strategy against itself by utilizing virus receptor (ACE-2) in order to design an engineered protein consisting of a human Fc antibody fragment and a part of ACE-2, which reacts with virus RBD, and we also evaluated this interaction by computational methods and Methods: Various Results: The designed protein consisted of a total of 256 amino acids with a molecular weight of 28984.62 and 5.92 as a theoretical isoelectric point. Instability and aliphatic index and grand average of hydropathicity are 49.99, 69.57 and -0.594, respectively. Conclusions: In silico
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Protein Binding ; Patents as Topic
Chemical Substances	spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	United Arab Emirates
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2212-4012
ISSN (online)	2212-4012
DOI	10.2174/1872208317666230523105759
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Article ; Online: Chronic inflammatory back pain commencing late in life: a neglected concept.

Rianon, Nahid J / Lee, MinJae / des Bordes, Jude K / Rahbar, Mohammad H / Weisman, Michael H / Reveille, John D

Internal medicine journal

2022 Volume 52, Issue 3, Page(s) 485–487

Abstract: Chronic inflammatory back pain (CIBP) occurs in up to one-third of those with chronic back pain. Criteria for diagnosis of inflammatory back pain include an onset below 50 years. Using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data for 2009- ...

Abstract	Chronic inflammatory back pain (CIBP) occurs in up to one-third of those with chronic back pain. Criteria for diagnosis of inflammatory back pain include an onset below 50 years. Using the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data for 2009-2010, we showed that 3% of adults aged 50-69 years have features of CIBP with onset on or after 50 years. There is little information in the literature on CIBP of late onset. Patients with late onset CIBP may be falling through the cracks.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Back Pain/diagnosis ; Back Pain/epidemiology ; Chronic Pain/diagnosis ; Chronic Pain/epidemiology ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-21
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2045436-3
ISSN	1445-5994 ; 1444-0903
ISSN (online)	1445-5994
ISSN	1444-0903
DOI	10.1111/imj.15711
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Zs.A 792: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 424: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Exploring the Hazards of Scaling Up Clinical Data Analyses: A Drug Side Effect Discovery Case Report.

Diaz-Garelli, Franck / Johnson, Todd R / Rahbar, Mohammad H / Bernstam, Elmer V

AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science

2021 Volume 2021, Page(s) 180–189

Abstract: We assessed the scalability of pharmacological signal detection use case from a single-site CDW to a large aggregated clinical data warehouse (single-site database with 754,214 distinct patient IDs vs. multisite database with 49.8M). We aimed to explore ... ...

Abstract	We assessed the scalability of pharmacological signal detection use case from a single-site CDW to a large aggregated clinical data warehouse (single-site database with 754,214 distinct patient IDs vs. multisite database with 49.8M). We aimed to explore whether a larger clinical dataset would provide clearer signals for secondary analyses such as detecting the known relationship between prednisone and weight. We found significant weight gain rate using the single-site data but not from using aggregated data (0.0104 kg/day, p<0.0001 vs. -0.050 kg/day, p<.0001). This rate was also found more consistently across 30 age and gender subgroups using the single-site data than in the aggregated data (26 vs. 18 significant weight gain findings). Contrary to our expectations, analyses of much larger aggregated clinical datasets did not yield stronger signals. Researchers must check the underlying model assumptions and account for greater heterogeneity when analyzing aggregated multisite data to ensure reliable findings.
MeSH term(s)	Data Warehousing ; Databases, Factual ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2676378-3
ISSN	2153-4063 ; 2153-4063
ISSN (online)	2153-4063
ISSN	2153-4063
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Article ; Online: A unique antigen against SARS-CoV-2, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Rahbar, Mohammad Reza / Mubarak, Shaden M H / Hessami, Anahita / Khalesi, Bahman / Pourzardosht, Navid / Khalili, Saeed / Zanoos, Kobra Ahmadi / Jahangiri, Abolfazl

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 10852

Abstract: The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has increased hospital admissions, which could elevate the risk of nosocomial infections, such as A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa infections. Although effective vaccines have been developed against SARS-CoV-2, no approved ... ...

Abstract	The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has increased hospital admissions, which could elevate the risk of nosocomial infections, such as A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa infections. Although effective vaccines have been developed against SARS-CoV-2, no approved treatment option is still available against antimicrobial-resistant strains of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. In the current study, an all-in-one antigen was designed based on an innovative, state-of-the-art strategy. In this regard, experimentally validated linear epitopes of spike protein (SARS-CoV-2), OmpA (A. baumannii), and OprF (P. aeruginosa) were selected to be harbored by mature OmpA as a scaffold. The selected epitopes were used to replace the loops and turns of the barrel domain in OmpA; OprF
MeSH term(s)	Acinetobacter Infections ; Acinetobacter baumannii/metabolism ; COVID-19 ; Epitopes ; Humans ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Epitopes ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-14877-5
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