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  1. Article ; Online: PET and SPECT Imaging of Brain Tumors.

    Zhang, Jessica / Traylor, Katie Suzanne / Mountz, James M

    Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR

    2020  Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 530–540

    Abstract: Neuroimaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis and post-treatment assessment of brain tumors, aiding in treatment optimization, prognostication, and patient management. New clinical treatments have resulted in increased complexity of imaging ... ...

    Abstract Neuroimaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis and post-treatment assessment of brain tumors, aiding in treatment optimization, prognostication, and patient management. New clinical treatments have resulted in increased complexity of imaging interpretation, thus integrating complementary information from multiple imaging modalities (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine) contributes to a thorough and more accurate evaluation. In review, we discuss current strategies of brain tumor imaging, specifically detailing the role of nuclear medicine single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography with utilization of both common and uncommon radiotracers in tumor grading, diagnosis, and treatment response.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1353113-x
    ISSN 1558-5034 ; 0887-2171
    ISSN (online) 1558-5034
    ISSN 0887-2171
    DOI 10.1053/j.sult.2020.08.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Functional Asymmetry During Working Memory and Its Association with Markers of Alzheimer's Disease in Cognitively Normal Older Adults.

    Li, Jinghang / Mountz, Elizabeth J / Mizuno, Akiko / Shah, Ashti M / Weinstein, Andrea / Cohen, Ann D / Klunk, William E / Snitz, Beth E / Aizenstein, Howard J / Karim, Helmet T

    Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD

    2023  Volume 95, Issue 3, Page(s) 1077–1089

    Abstract: Background: Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits asymmetrically early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This process is variable and has been associated with asymmetric hypometabolism.: Objective: We investigated whether neural asymmetry during working memory and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits asymmetrically early in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This process is variable and has been associated with asymmetric hypometabolism.
    Objective: We investigated whether neural asymmetry during working memory and executive function processing was associated with AD genetic risk and markers of AD as well as other brain neuropathology biomarkers, cognitive function, and cognitive reserve in cognitively normal older adults.
    Methods: We analyzed data from 77 cognitively healthy, older adults who completed functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and cognitive testing. We identified regions of significant activation and asymmetry during the Digital Symbol Substitution Task (DSST). We examined associations between regions with significant hemispheric asymmetry (directional and absolute) and global cerebral Aβ, cerebral glucose metabolism, white matter hyperintensities, APOE ɛ4 allele status, DSST reaction time, age, sex, education, and cognitive function.
    Results: Asymmetry was not associated with several factors including cognitive function, Aβ, and white matter hyperintensities. The presence of at least one ɛ4 APOE allele in participants was associated with less asymmetric activation in the angular gyrus (right dominant activation). Greater education was associated with less asymmetric activation in mediodorsal thalamus (left dominant activation).
    Conclusions: Genetic risk of AD was associated with lower asymmetry in angular gyrus activation, while greater education was associated with lower asymmetry in mediodorsal thalamus activation. Changes in asymmetry may reflect components of compensation or cognitive reserve. Asymmetric neural recruitment during working memory may be related to maintenance of cognitive function in cognitively normal older adults.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Memory, Short-Term ; Brain/pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Apolipoproteins E/genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Apolipoproteins E
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1440127-7
    ISSN 1875-8908 ; 1387-2877
    ISSN (online) 1875-8908
    ISSN 1387-2877
    DOI 10.3233/JAD-230379
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Nuclear medicine in the rehabilitative treatment evaluation in stroke recovery. Role of diaschisis resolution and cerebral reorganization.

    Mountz, J M

    Europa medicophysica

    2007  Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 221–239

    Abstract: There has recently been a tremendous increase in imaging technology and imaging methodology enabling noninvasive exploration of brain function to such an intricate degree as to enable measurements of very small spatial and short temporal cerebral ... ...

    Abstract There has recently been a tremendous increase in imaging technology and imaging methodology enabling noninvasive exploration of brain function to such an intricate degree as to enable measurements of very small spatial and short temporal cerebral operations responsible for neurological and functional recovery after stroke. This has allowed conceptualization of rehabilitation strategies designed to maximally enhance rehabilitation protocols tailored to the individual patient's deficits. Rehabilitation strategies may now be designed and optimized by employing methods to synchronize functional training of brain regions ascribed to those areas innately undergoing neuronal plasticity change responsible for stroke recovery. In order to effectively apply these noninvasive imaging methods, one must have a clear understanding of the physics and technique of the imaging methodologies and how these are best applied to understand brain physiology during the stroke recovery process to provide a solid rationale for development of rehabilitation protocols. Nuclear medicine imaging is first presented as a diagnostic method to assess the stroke process. The initial brain damage and resulting neurological disability can be primarily assessed in terms of changes in the vascular and hemodynamic status of the cerebral circulation in addition to alterations in the metabolic status around the infarction region. Techniques for assessing perfusion and metabolism include regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and F-18 2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). In addition, hemodynamic vascular insufficiency can be assessed using O-15 O2 oxygen extraction PET and rest and Diamox rCBF SPECT. The status of the peri-infarction region can be characterized in terms of components of diaschisis and ischemia using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging ((1)H MRSI) and rest/stress rCBF assessment of cerebral vascular reserve. As the brain recovers from cerebral infarction, areas of reorganization and energy utilization by the brain can be measured using oxygen extraction methods with PET, F-18 FDG glucose utilization by PET, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures using the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) technique. In addition, high field MRI imaging of the brain is now able to provide detailed fractional anisotropy (FA) maps to characterize changes in white matter by fiber tracking mapping using diffusion tensor imaging. Imaging of the stroke recovery process focuses on the physiologic model of stroke characterized by rCBF, metabolism, 1H spectroscopic measures of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Ch) and creatine (Cr) in the peri-infarction zone as well as in the extended stroke penumbra including areas of distant ''pure'' diaschisis unencumbered with the confound of cerebral ischemia. Data is presented describing the results of application of imaging methodologies as the patient undergoes rehabilitation that demonstrates the importance of blood flow and metabolic changes in the contralesional frontal lobe both during the resting state and during motor and speech activation paradigms. The results of advanced imaging technologies on cerebral damage and cerebral reorganization during rehabilitation are presented in the context of furthering designs of rehabilitation strategies. Success can be monitored to assess the optimization of rehabilitation strategy design to maximize neurological recovery from stroke by employing facilitatory methods to maximally synchronize rehabilitation techniques with recovery of functionally counterpart areas of viable brain.
    MeSH term(s) Cerebral Cortex/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Cortex/pathology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ; Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope ; Humans ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Oxygen Consumption/physiology ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Recovery of Function/physiology ; Stroke/diagnostic imaging ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Stroke Rehabilitation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 969709-3
    ISSN 0014-2573
    ISSN 0014-2573
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Quantitative Sodium (

    Bhatia, Aashim / Lee, Vincent Kyu / Qian, Yongxian / Paldino, Michael J / Ceschin, Rafael / Hect, Jasmine / Mountz, James M / Sun, Dandan / Kohanbash, Gary / Pollack, Ian F / Jakacki, Regina I / Boada, Fernando / Panigrahy, Ashok

    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 5

    Abstract: Background: 23Na MRI correlates with tumor proliferation, and studies in pediatric patients are lacking. The purpose of the study: (1) to compare total sodium concentration (TSC) between pediatric glioma and non-neoplastic brain tissue using 23Na MRI; (2) ...

    Abstract Background: 23Na MRI correlates with tumor proliferation, and studies in pediatric patients are lacking. The purpose of the study: (1) to compare total sodium concentration (TSC) between pediatric glioma and non-neoplastic brain tissue using 23Na MRI; (2) compare tissue conspicuity of bound sodium concentration (BSC) using 23Na MRI dual echo relative to TSC imaging. Methods: TSC was measured in: (1) non-neoplastic brain tissues and (2) three types of manually segmented gliomas (diffuse intrinsic brainstem glioma (DIPG), recurrent supratentorial low-grade glioma (LGG), and high-grade glioma (HGG)). In a subset of patients, serial changes in both TSC and BSC (dual echo 23Na MRI) were assessed. Results: Twenty-six pediatric patients with gliomas (median age of 12.0 years, range 4.9−23.3 years) were scanned with 23Na MRI. DIPG treated with RT demonstrated higher TSC values than the uninvolved infratentorial tissues (p < 0.001). Recurrent supratentorial LGG and HGG exhibited higher TSC values than the uninvolved white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) (p < 0.002 for LGG, and p < 0.02 for HGG). The dual echo 23Na MRI suppressed the sodium signal within both CSF and necrotic foci. Conclusion: Quantitative 23Na MRI of pediatric gliomas demonstrates a range of values that are higher than non-neoplastic tissues. Dual echo 23Na MRI of BCS improves tissue conspicuity relative to TSC imaging.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662336-5
    ISSN 2075-4418
    ISSN 2075-4418
    DOI 10.3390/diagnostics12051223
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: IL-4 receptor blockade is a global repressor of naïve B cell development and responses in a dupilumab-treated patient.

    Mountz, John D / Gao, Min / Ponder, David M / Liu, Shanrun / Sun, Chiao-Wang / Alduraibi, Fatima / Sullivan, Kathryn / Pat, Betty / Dell'Italia, Louis J / Hsu, Hui-Chen

    Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

    2022  Volume 244, Page(s) 109130

    Abstract: Here, we report a case of atopic dermatitis (AD) in a patient who received biweekly doses of dupilumab, an antibody against the IL-4 receptor α chain (IL-4Rα). Single cell RNA-sequencing showed that naïve B cells expressed the highest levels of IL4R ... ...

    Abstract Here, we report a case of atopic dermatitis (AD) in a patient who received biweekly doses of dupilumab, an antibody against the IL-4 receptor α chain (IL-4Rα). Single cell RNA-sequencing showed that naïve B cells expressed the highest levels of IL4R compared to other B cell subpopulations. Compared to controls, the dupilumab-treated patient exhibited diminished percentages of IL4R+IGHD+ naïve B cells and down-regulation of IL4R, FCER2 (CD23), and IGHD. Dupilumab treatment resulted in upregulation of genes associated with apoptosis and inhibition of B cell receptor signaling and down-regulation of class-switch and memory B cell development genes. The dupilumab-treated patient exhibited a rapid decline in COVID-19 anti-spike and anti-receptor binding domain antibodies between 4 and 8 and 11 months post COVID-19 vaccination. Our data suggest that intact and persistent IL-4 signaling is necessary for maintaining robust survival and development of naïve B cells, and maintaining a long term vaccine response.
    MeSH term(s) Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Interleukin-4 ; RNA ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell ; Receptors, Interleukin-4 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell ; Receptors, Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-4 (207137-56-2) ; dupilumab (420K487FSG) ; RNA (63231-63-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1459903-x
    ISSN 1521-7035 ; 1521-6616
    ISSN (online) 1521-7035
    ISSN 1521-6616
    DOI 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109130
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: [

    Oborski, Matthew J / Laymon, Charles M / Lieberman, Frank S / Qian, Yongxian / Drappatz, Jan / Mountz, James M

    Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.)

    2016  Volume 2, Issue 4, Page(s) 317–324

    Abstract: The ability to assess tumor apoptotic response to therapy could provide a direct and prompt measure of therapeutic efficacy. ...

    Abstract The ability to assess tumor apoptotic response to therapy could provide a direct and prompt measure of therapeutic efficacy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2379-139X
    ISSN (online) 2379-139X
    DOI 10.18383/j.tom.2016.00175
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Radium-223 Therapy for Patients with Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer: An Update on Literature with Case Presentation.

    Nguyen, Nghi C / Shah, Muhammad / Appleman, Leonard J / Parikh, Rahul / Mountz, James M

    International journal of molecular imaging

    2016  Volume 2016, Page(s) 2568031

    Abstract: Background and ... ...

    Abstract Background and Purpose
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-09-27
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2595407-6
    ISSN 2090-1720 ; 2090-1712
    ISSN (online) 2090-1720
    ISSN 2090-1712
    DOI 10.1155/2016/2568031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Quantitative Sodium ( 23 Na) MRI in Pediatric Gliomas

    Aashim Bhatia / Vincent Kyu Lee / Yongxian Qian / Michael J. Paldino / Rafael Ceschin / Jasmine Hect / James M. Mountz / Dandan Sun / Gary Kohanbash / Ian F. Pollack / Regina I. Jakacki / Fernando Boada / Ashok Panigrahy

    Diagnostics, Vol 12, Iss 1223, p

    Initial Experience

    2022  Volume 1223

    Abstract: Background: 23 Na MRI correlates with tumor proliferation, and studies in pediatric patients are lacking. The purpose of the study: (1) to compare total sodium concentration (TSC) between pediatric glioma and non-neoplastic brain tissue using 23 Na MRI; ( ...

    Abstract Background: 23 Na MRI correlates with tumor proliferation, and studies in pediatric patients are lacking. The purpose of the study: (1) to compare total sodium concentration (TSC) between pediatric glioma and non-neoplastic brain tissue using 23 Na MRI; (2) compare tissue conspicuity of bound sodium concentration (BSC) using 23 Na MRI dual echo relative to TSC imaging. Methods: TSC was measured in: (1) non-neoplastic brain tissues and (2) three types of manually segmented gliomas (diffuse intrinsic brainstem glioma (DIPG), recurrent supratentorial low-grade glioma (LGG), and high-grade glioma (HGG)). In a subset of patients, serial changes in both TSC and BSC (dual echo 23 Na MRI) were assessed. Results: Twenty-six pediatric patients with gliomas (median age of 12.0 years, range 4.9–23.3 years) were scanned with 23 Na MRI. DIPG treated with RT demonstrated higher TSC values than the uninvolved infratentorial tissues ( p < 0.001). Recurrent supratentorial LGG and HGG exhibited higher TSC values than the uninvolved white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) ( p < 0.002 for LGG, and p < 0.02 for HGG). The dual echo 23 Na MRI suppressed the sodium signal within both CSF and necrotic foci. Conclusion: Quantitative 23 Na MRI of pediatric gliomas demonstrates a range of values that are higher than non-neoplastic tissues. Dual echo 23 Na MRI of BCS improves tissue conspicuity relative to TSC imaging.
    Keywords sodium ; MRI ; brain tumor ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 333 ; 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Image-Based 2D Re-Projection for Attenuation Substitution in PET Neuroimaging.

    Laymon, Charles M / Minhas, Davneet S / Becker, Carl R / Matan, Cristy / Oborski, Matthew J / Price, Julie C / Mountz, James M

    Molecular imaging and biology

    2018  Volume 20, Issue 5, Page(s) 826–834

    Abstract: Purpose: In dual modality positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), attenuation correction (AC) methods are continually improving. Although a new AC can sometimes be generated from existing MR data, its application requires a ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: In dual modality positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), attenuation correction (AC) methods are continually improving. Although a new AC can sometimes be generated from existing MR data, its application requires a new reconstruction. We evaluate an approximate 2D projection method that allows offline image-based reprocessing.
    Procedure: 2-Deoxy-2-[
    Results: SUBAC PET showed substantially smaller root mean square error than MRAC PET with averaged values of 1.5 % versus 8.1 %.
    Conclusions: Re-projection is a viable image-based method for the application of an alternate attenuation correction in neuroimaging.
    MeSH term(s) Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gray Matter/diagnostic imaging ; Gray Matter/pathology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Neuroimaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2079160-4
    ISSN 1860-2002 ; 1536-1632
    ISSN (online) 1860-2002
    ISSN 1536-1632
    DOI 10.1007/s11307-018-1171-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Direct Comparison of the Tau PET Tracers

    Gogola, Alexandra / Minhas, Davneet S / Villemagne, Victor L / Cohen, Ann D / Mountz, James M / Pascoal, Tharick A / Laymon, Charles M / Mason, N Scott / Ikonomovic, Milos D / Mathis, Chester A / Snitz, Beth E / Lopez, Oscar L / Klunk, William E / Lopresti, Brian J

    Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine

    2021  Volume 63, Issue 1, Page(s) 108–116

    Abstract: Tau PET tracers exhibit varying levels of specific signal and distinct off-target binding patterns that are more diverse than amyloid PET tracers. This study compared 2 frequently used tau PET tracers, ...

    Abstract Tau PET tracers exhibit varying levels of specific signal and distinct off-target binding patterns that are more diverse than amyloid PET tracers. This study compared 2 frequently used tau PET tracers,
    MeSH term(s) Carbolines
    Chemical Substances Carbolines ; 7-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole (J09QS3Z3WB)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80272-4
    ISSN 1535-5667 ; 0097-9058 ; 0161-5505 ; 0022-3123
    ISSN (online) 1535-5667
    ISSN 0097-9058 ; 0161-5505 ; 0022-3123
    DOI 10.2967/jnumed.120.254961
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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