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Article: Occult Pneumothorax in Blunt Thoracic Trauma: Clinical Characteristics and Results of Delayed Tube Thoracostomy in a Level 1 Trauma Center.

Kim, Chang-Wan / Park, Il-Hwan / Youn, Young-Jin / Byun, Chun-Sung

2023 Volume 12, Issue 13

Abstract: Occult pneumothorax in blunt trauma patients is often diagnosed only after computed tomography because supine chest X-ray (CXR) is preferred as an initial evaluation. However, improperly managed preexisting occult pneumothorax could threaten the vitality ...

Abstract	Occult pneumothorax in blunt trauma patients is often diagnosed only after computed tomography because supine chest X-ray (CXR) is preferred as an initial evaluation. However, improperly managed preexisting occult pneumothorax could threaten the vitality of patients. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of occult pneumothorax in a single trauma center. From 2020 to 2022, patients who were admitted to the level 1 trauma center were retrospectively investigated. Inclusion criteria focused on blunt chest trauma. Variables including demographic factors, image findings, injury-related factors, tube thoracostomy timing, and treatment results were evaluated. Of the 1621 patients, 187 who met the criteria were enrolled in the study: 32 with overt pneumothorax and 81 with occult pneumothorax. Among all of the pneumothorax cases, the proportion of occult pneumothorax was 71.7% (81/113), and its incidence in all admitted trauma victims was 5.0% (81/1621). Subcutaneous emphysema and rib fractures on supine CXR were risk factors for occult pneumothorax. Six patients underwent delayed tube thoracostomy; however, none had serious complications. Given that occult pneumothorax is common in patients with blunt chest trauma, treatment plans should be established that consider the possibility of pneumothorax. However, the prognosis is generally good, and follow-up is an alternative.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm12134333
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Occult Pneumothorax in Blunt Thoracic Trauma

Chang-Wan Kim / Il-Hwan Park / Young-jin Youn / Chun-Sung Byun

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 4333, p

Clinical Characteristics and Results of Delayed Tube Thoracostomy in a Level 1 Trauma Center

2023 Volume 4333

Abstract	Occult pneumothorax in blunt trauma patients is often diagnosed only after computed tomography because supine chest X-ray (CXR) is preferred as an initial evaluation. However, improperly managed preexisting occult pneumothorax could threaten the vitality of patients. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of occult pneumothorax in a single trauma center. From 2020 to 2022, patients who were admitted to the level 1 trauma center were retrospectively investigated. Inclusion criteria focused on blunt chest trauma. Variables including demographic factors, image findings, injury-related factors, tube thoracostomy timing, and treatment results were evaluated. Of the 1621 patients, 187 who met the criteria were enrolled in the study: 32 with overt pneumothorax and 81 with occult pneumothorax. Among all of the pneumothorax cases, the proportion of occult pneumothorax was 71.7% (81/113), and its incidence in all admitted trauma victims was 5.0% (81/1621). Subcutaneous emphysema and rib fractures on supine CXR were risk factors for occult pneumothorax. Six patients underwent delayed tube thoracostomy; however, none had serious complications. Given that occult pneumothorax is common in patients with blunt chest trauma, treatment plans should be established that consider the possibility of pneumothorax. However, the prognosis is generally good, and follow-up is an alternative.
Keywords	pneumothorax ; blunt chest trauma ; chest computed tomography ; chest X-ray ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect Sizes of Cognitive and Locomotive Behavior Tests in the 5XFAD-J Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Choi, Moonseok / Jang, Hyung-Sup / Son, Taekwon / Kim, Dongsoo / Youn, Young-Jin / Hwang, Gyu-Bin / Choi, Young Pyo / Jeong, Yun Ha

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 20

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) plaques in the brain, leading to cognitive impairment and other clinical symptoms. The 5XFAD mouse model is commonly used in AD research because it expresses five human ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) plaques in the brain, leading to cognitive impairment and other clinical symptoms. The 5XFAD mouse model is commonly used in AD research because it expresses five human transgenes that result in the accumulation of Aβ plaques and cognitive decline at a relatively early age. Behavioral experiments are frequently conducted using this model; however, the effect size has not yet been reported. In this study, we examined basic cognition and locomotion in 5XFAD mice with a C57BL6/J background (5XFAD-J) at 6 months of age, a period in which impairments of cognitive function and locomotion are commonly observed. We analyzed the effect sizes of cognitive and locomotive experiments in the 5XFAD mice compared with those in the wild-type mice. Our results suggest that for long-term memory analysis, the novel object recognition test (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Mice, Transgenic ; Behavior Rating Scale ; Cognition ; Disease Models, Animal
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms242015064
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Article ; Online: Effect of Obesity and High-Density Lipoprotein Concentration on the Pathological Characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice.

Choi, Moonseok / Kim, Dongsoo / Youn, Young-Jin / Ryu, Junghwa / Jeong, Yun Ha

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 20

Abstract: The typical pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain and reactivity of glial cells such as astrocytes and microglia. Clinically, the development of AD and obesity are known to be correlated. ... ...

Abstract	The typical pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain and reactivity of glial cells such as astrocytes and microglia. Clinically, the development of AD and obesity are known to be correlated. In this study, we analyzed the changes in AD pathological characteristics in 5XFAD mice after obesity induction through a high-fat diet (HFD). Surprisingly, high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein AI (APOA-I) serum levels were increased without low-density lipoprotein alteration in both HFD groups. The reactivity of astrocytes and microglia in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and fornix of the hypothalamus in 5XFAD mice was decreased in the transgenic (TG)-HFD high group. Finally, the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus was also significantly decreased in the TG-HFD high group. These results suggest that increased high-density lipoprotein level, especially with increased APOA-I serum level, alleviates the pathological features of AD and could be a new potential therapeutic strategy for AD treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Plaque, Amyloid/pathology ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; Lipoproteins, HDL/therapeutic use ; Mice, Transgenic ; Disease Models, Animal ; Obesity/etiology ; Lipoproteins, LDL
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; Lipoproteins, LDL
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms232012296
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Article ; Online: Diabetes Primes Neutrophils for Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation through Trained Immunity.

Shrestha, Sanjeeb / Lee, Yu-Bin / Lee, Hoyul / Choi, Yeon-Kyung / Park, Bo-Yoon / Kim, Mi-Jin / Youn, Young-Jin / Kim, Sun-Hwa / Jung, Soo-Jung / Song, Dong-Keun / Jin, Hee Kyung / Bae, Jae-Sung / Lee, In-Kyu / Jeon, Jae-Han / Hong, Chang-Won

Research (Washington, D.C.)

2024 Volume 7, Page(s) 365

Abstract: Neutrophils are primed for neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation during diabetes, and excessive NET formation from primed neutrophils compromises wound healing in patients with diabetes. Here, we demonstrate that trained immunity mediates ... ...

Abstract	Neutrophils are primed for neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation during diabetes, and excessive NET formation from primed neutrophils compromises wound healing in patients with diabetes. Here, we demonstrate that trained immunity mediates diabetes-induced NET priming in neutrophils. Under diabetic conditions, neutrophils exhibit robust metabolic reprogramming comprising enhanced glycolysis via the pentose phosphate pathway and fatty acid oxidation, which result in the accumulation of acetyl-coenzyme A. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-citrate lyase-mediated accumulation of acetyl-coenzyme A and histone acetyltransferases further induce the acetylation of lysine residues on histone 3 (AcH3K9, AcH3K14, and AcH3K27) and histone 4 (AcH4K8). The pharmacological inhibition of adenosine 5'-triphosphate-citrate lyase and histone acetyltransferases completely inhibited high-glucose-induced NET priming. The trained immunity of neutrophils was further confirmed in neutrophils isolated from patients with diabetes. Our findings suggest that trained immunity mediates functional changes in neutrophils in diabetic environments, and targeting neutrophil-trained immunity may be a potential therapeutic target for controlling inflammatory complications of diabetes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2639-5274
ISSN (online)	2639-5274
DOI	10.34133/research.0365
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Predictive biological factors for late survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer

Young-Joon Kang / Se Jeong Oh / Soo Youn Bae / Eun-Kyu Kim / Young-Jin Lee / Eun Hwa Park / Joon Jeong / Heung Kyu Park / Young Jin Suh / Yong-Seok Kim

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract The human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) enriched subtype of breast cancer is associated with early recurrence, mostly within 5 years. However, anti-HER2 therapies have improved outcomes and their benefits persist in the long term. ... ...

Abstract	Abstract The human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) enriched subtype of breast cancer is associated with early recurrence, mostly within 5 years. However, anti-HER2 therapies have improved outcomes and their benefits persist in the long term. This study aimed to determine predictive factors for late survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. We analyzed 20,672 patients with HER2-positive stage I–III breast cancer. The patients were divided into two groups based on a follow-up period of 60 months. The multivariate analysis of factors associated with poor overall survival included old age, advanced pathologic tumor size stage (pT), advanced pathologic regional lymph node stage (pN), high histological grade, presence of lymphatic and vascular invasion, and HR-negative status within 60 months. In the breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of the > 60 months follow-up group, the hazard ratios (HRa) based on pN-negative were 3.038, 3.722, and 4.877 in pN1 (p = 0.001), pN2 (p < 0.001), and pN3 (p < 0.001), respectively. Only pT4 level was statistically significant in the pT group (HRa, 4.528; p = 0.007). Age (HRa, 1.045, p < 0.001) and hormone receptor-positive status (HRa, 1.705, p = 0.022) were also associated to worse BCSS. Although lymphatic invasion was not significantly associated with BCSS, there was a tendency toward a relationship (p = 0.079) with worse BCSS. In HER2-positive breast cancer patients, node status had a more significant relationship with long-term prognosis than T stage. Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who have T4 or node-positive should be considered for clinical observation and education beyond 5 years.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Delayed Treatment of Iatrogenic Brachial Arteriovenous Fistula.

Youn, Young-Jin / Kim, Chang Wan / Park, Il Hwan / Byun, Chun Sung

The Korean journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery

2020 Volume 53, Issue 6, Page(s) 408–410

Abstract: Iatrogenic vascular injuries may occur during venipuncture, arterial cannulation, or catheterization procedures. Brachial arteriovenous fistula (AVF) resulting from antecubital vascular access is rare and develops slowly. We report the case of an 18-year- ...

Abstract	Iatrogenic vascular injuries may occur during venipuncture, arterial cannulation, or catheterization procedures. Brachial arteriovenous fistula (AVF) resulting from antecubital vascular access is rare and develops slowly. We report the case of an 18-year-old man who had developed iatrogenic brachial AVF. He had a history of several venipunctures in the left arm at the age of 10 months. Doppler ultrasonography and computed tomographic angiography were used to establish a diagnosis of brachial AVF, and surgical correction of the AVF was performed. As our case indicates, delayed surgery can be considered as a treatment option and may be associated with a decreased risk of vascular complications in the management of iatrogenic brachial AVF in infants.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-12
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2233-601X
ISSN	2233-601X
DOI	10.5090/kjtcs.20.019
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Predictive biological factors for late survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.

Kang, Young-Joon / Oh, Se Jeong / Bae, Soo Youn / Kim, Eun-Kyu / Lee, Young-Jin / Park, Eun Hwa / Jeong, Joon / Park, Heung Kyu / Suh, Young Jin / Kim, Yong-Seok

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 11008

Abstract: The human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) enriched subtype of breast cancer is associated with early recurrence, mostly within 5 years. However, anti-HER2 therapies have improved outcomes and their benefits persist in the long term. This study ... ...

Abstract	The human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) enriched subtype of breast cancer is associated with early recurrence, mostly within 5 years. However, anti-HER2 therapies have improved outcomes and their benefits persist in the long term. This study aimed to determine predictive factors for late survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. We analyzed 20,672 patients with HER2-positive stage I-III breast cancer. The patients were divided into two groups based on a follow-up period of 60 months. The multivariate analysis of factors associated with poor overall survival included old age, advanced pathologic tumor size stage (pT), advanced pathologic regional lymph node stage (pN), high histological grade, presence of lymphatic and vascular invasion, and HR-negative status within 60 months. In the breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of the > 60 months follow-up group, the hazard ratios (HRa) based on pN-negative were 3.038, 3.722, and 4.877 in pN1 (p = 0.001), pN2 (p < 0.001), and pN3 (p < 0.001), respectively. Only pT4 level was statistically significant in the pT group (HRa, 4.528; p = 0.007). Age (HRa, 1.045, p < 0.001) and hormone receptor-positive status (HRa, 1.705, p = 0.022) were also associated to worse BCSS. Although lymphatic invasion was not significantly associated with BCSS, there was a tendency toward a relationship (p = 0.079) with worse BCSS. In HER2-positive breast cancer patients, node status had a more significant relationship with long-term prognosis than T stage. Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who have T4 or node-positive should be considered for clinical observation and education beyond 5 years.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Prognosis ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics ; Survival Rate
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-38200-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Transferrin-Conjugated Melittin-Loaded L-Arginine-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Mitigating Beta-Amyloid Pathology of the 5XFAD Mouse Brain.

Choi, Moonseok / Ryu, Junghwa / Vu, Huy Duc / Kim, Dongsoo / Youn, Young-Jin / Park, Min Hui / Huynh, Phuong Tu / Hwang, Gyu-Bin / Youn, Sung Won / Jeong, Yun Ha

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 19

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases and a major contributor to dementia. Although the cause of this condition has been identified long ago as aberrant aggregations of amyloid and tau proteins, effective ... ...

Abstract	Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases and a major contributor to dementia. Although the cause of this condition has been identified long ago as aberrant aggregations of amyloid and tau proteins, effective therapies for it remain elusive. The complexities of drug development for AD treatment are often compounded by the impermeable blood-brain barrier and low-yield brain delivery. In addition, the use of high drug concentrations to overcome this challenge may entail side effects. To address these challenges and enhance the precision of delivery into brain regions affected by amyloid aggregation, we proposed a transferrin-conjugated nanoparticle-based drug delivery system. The transferrin-conjugated melittin-loaded L-arginine-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (Tf-MeLioNs) developed in this study successfully mitigated melittin-induced cytotoxicity and hemolysis in the cell culture system. In the 5XFAD mouse brain, Tf-MeLioNs remarkably reduced amyloid plaque accumulation, particularly in the hippocampus. This study suggested Tf-LioNs as a potential drug delivery platform and Tf-MeLioNs as a candidate for therapeutic drug targeting of amyloid plaques in AD. These findings provide a foundation for further exploration and advancement in AD therapeutics.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Melitten/pharmacology ; Transferrin/metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Amyloid/metabolism ; Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ; Mice, Transgenic ; Plaque, Amyloid/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal
Chemical Substances	Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Melitten (20449-79-0) ; Transferrin ; Amyloid
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-06
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241914954
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Nucleocapsid and Spike Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 Drive Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation.

Youn, Young-Jin / Lee, Yu-Bin / Kim, Sun-Hwa / Jin, Hee Kyung / Bae, Jae-Sung / Hong, Chang-Won

Immune network

2021 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) e16

Abstract: Patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) demonstrate dysregulated immune responses including exacerbated neutrophil functions. Massive neutrophil infiltrations accompanying neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formations are also observed ... ...

Abstract	Patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) demonstrate dysregulated immune responses including exacerbated neutrophil functions. Massive neutrophil infiltrations accompanying neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formations are also observed in patients with severe COVID-19. However, the mechanism underlying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced NET formation has not yet been elucidated. Here we show that 2 viral proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2, the nucleocapsid protein and the whole spike protein, induce NET formation from neutrophils. NET formation was ROS-independent and was completely inhibited by the spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition. The inhibition of p38 MAPK, protein kinase C, and JNK signaling pathways also inhibited viral protein-induced NET formation. Our findings demonstrate one method by which SARS-CoV-2 evades innate immunity and provide a potential target for therapeutics to treat patients with severe COVID-19.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-23
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2536191-0
ISSN	2092-6685 ; 1598-2629
ISSN (online)	2092-6685
ISSN	1598-2629
DOI	10.4110/in.2021.21.e16
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